CN104221645A - Efficient and energy-saving planting method for tall gastrodia tubers - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy-saving, low-cost and high-benefit planting method for tall gastrodia tubers. The energy-saving, low-cost and high-benefit planting method includes manufacturing fungus materials from trees with the lengths of 20cm and the diameters of 1-15cm, closely butting the uncultured and cultured fungus materials to one another, alternately utilizing the uncultured and cultured fungus materials, and inlaying small branches among the large trees to manufacture fixed fungus beds; arranging tall gastrodia tuber seeds on the peripheries of the fungus beds by the aid of a certain process, and separating the fungus materials from tall gastrodia tuber growing regions; completely fetching the tall gastrodia tubers on each upper layer when the tall gastrodia tubers are about to be harvested, only fetching blooming tall gastrodia tubers capable of being used as commodities from each lower layer, reserving small white-head tall gastrodia tubers and large white-head tall gastrodia tubers, planting the small white-head tall gastrodia tubers and the large white-head tall gastrodia tubers among the tall gastrodia tubers on each upper layer at the upper edges of the corresponding fungus beds according to an original planting process, allowing the small white-head tall gastrodia tubers and the large white-head tall gastrodia tubers to grow for another year, completely harvesting tall gastrodia tubers and performing crop rotation in different lands. By the aid of the certain process, the tall gastrodia tuber seeds are arranged at intervals of 8-10cm and are closely butted to the cultured fungus materials, and terminal buds of the tall gastrodia tuber seeds consistently face outwardly. The energy-saving, low-cost and high-benefit planting method has the advantages that fungus material resources can be sufficiently utilized by the aid of the energy-saving, low-cost and high-benefit planting method, the planting cost can be saved, and continuous and efficient development of the tall gastrodia tuber industry can be powerfully promoted.

Description

The energy-efficient implantation methods of one of rhizoma Gastrodiae

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of Gastrodia method for planting of energy-conservation, low cost, high benefit.

Background technology

At present, no matter Gastrodia method for planting adopts the forms such as hole cultivation, case cultivation or bag cultivation, its method is similar, be summarized as this several: one is that moderate bacterium material discharges implantation methods according to certain rules, main selection bacterium material diameter is 8-15cm trees, too little trees branch is all discarded, and makes the bacterium material that length 40-100 does not wait, then puts seeds of Gastrodia elata at a certain distance at fish scale mouth place; Two is that very little tree branches is bundled into wisp, then plants as first method; Three is by the one or two kind of method integrated use bacterium material, adopts " well " formula discharge bacterium material, then sows; Four is use moderate bacterium material to discharge in certain sequence, and short bacterium material small stems being made 5-8cm long enters to be sprinkling upon between bacterium material, then sows.Above method all can plant one or more layers, but there is a lot of limitation in these methods, be mainly manifested in: one is that seeds of Gastrodia elata is placed between bacterium material, the commodity rhizoma Gastrodiae after newborn rhizoma Gastrodiae grows out and kind fiber crops of future generation all can be subject to the extruding of bacterium material, have had a strong impact on the quality of product; If by large for the adjustment of the distance of bacterium material, seed puts sparse point, but due to seed decay or connect the reasons such as bacterium difference and will cause and yield poorly, cost increases, so generally just play very close, the newborn rhizoma Gastrodiae in the region that achievements growing way is good is squeezed, and growing way is bad, poor quality, and space is very large again to grow bad place, and benefit is low.Two is that bacterium material all must take out when gathering by above implantation methods together with rhizoma Gastrodiae, and even bacterium material repeatedly must be carried, planting cost is high.Three is only adopt moderate bacterium material on bacterium material uses, and other little limbs all abandon, and defining bacterium aptitude source is that waste is serious, and the form that branch bundle is stranded or bag is planted increases labour cost again, and under identical output condition, benefit reduces.

Above-mentionedly affecting rhizoma Gastrodiae growth to overcome, gathering and shortcoming that bacterium material cost is high, the invention provides a kind of energy-efficient implantation methods, can effectively solve the problem.

Summary of the invention

Several respects General Promotion Gastrodia planting technologies such as the present invention uses from bacterium material, kind fiber crops are put, gather, reach best output ratio, improve effects.Main contents have: one, for fully using bacterium aptitude source, reach efficient energy-saving object, the present invention adopts and the trees of the suitable seeds of diameter 1-15cm is made the long short bacterium material of 20cm, first conventionally cultivate the bacterium material of the half of required bacterium material quantity, the bacterium material cultivated is commonly called as old bacterium material, that does not cultivate is referred to as new bacterium material, by old bacterium material and new bacterium material alternating discharge, little branch is embedded between the gap of large bacterium material, discharge one or more layers until highly reach 8-15cm according to the large I of bacterium material, make fixing bacterium bed.Two, also two-layer seeds of Gastrodia elata is put at a certain distance in the surrounding of fixing bacterium bed by the direction that seed terminal bud is unanimously outside, ground floor is placed in edge under bacterium bed, seeds of Gastrodia elata must be placed between cultured bacterium material and new bacterium material or be close to old bacterium material, being beneficial to and connecing bacterium.Then earthing, 1cm place under thickness to neat bacterium bed upper edge hole, sprinkles leaf, put second layer seed by same method again, in centipede shape, put earthing 15-20cm after second layer seed, cover the more coarse leaf naturally come off after one deck 3cm again, enter conventional final-period management link.Three, because rhizoma Gastrodiae and Armillaria are in symbiotic relation, as long as seeds of Gastrodia elata and Rhizomorph of Armillaria mellea combine, just well process of growth can be completed by shoestring to rhizoma Gastrodiae conveying desired nutritional.Section (wound) due to bacterium material is the main region of long shoestring, two mouths (being commonly called as fish scale mouth) are respectively cut in the middle of the bacterium material at the degerming bed two ends of this bacterium bed, in the middle of remaining bacterium material, same not undercut, allows shoestring mainly grow from two ends, is conducive to combining with seeds of Gastrodia elata.Requisite space width 8-10cm(rhizoma Gastrodiae arrow fiber crops diameter after a seeds of Gastrodia elata growth one-period), length is 20cm.Bacterium bed surrounding residue width is all 20cm, seeds of Gastrodia elata is placed in bacterium bed surrounding according to 8-10cm distance, ensure that the space that rhizoma Gastrodiae grows, take up room with bacterium material and all separate, no longer affect rhizoma Gastrodiae by the extruding of bacterium material grow and cause outward appearance product to differ, thus improve seed output and quality.Four, when rhizoma Gastrodiae is gathered, the soil covered above is taken away to rhizoma Gastrodiae aufwuchsplate and put down, whole size rhizoma Gastrodiaes that rule takes one deck above away are put according to seeds of Gastrodia elata, amotile bacterium bed, remove central filler soil again and take the large rhizoma Gastrodiae that one deck below can make commodity away, little rhizoma Gastrodiae is moved, then with plantation time requirement earthing to bacterium bed along lower 1cm place.The rhizoma Gastrodiae just taken out by ground floor is classified, and is selected by the newborn hoary hair fiber crops of finger size, sows at once, rhizoma Gastrodiae and bacterium material are taken out in the lump when waiting gather the second season according to same type of seeding, equally carries out according to general implantation methods ground crop rotation of having a rest.So will gather and to complete together with planting link with the coming year, mix the mode of the old and new bacterium material due to the fixing overall bacterium bed that adopts, needed for the growth in the coming year of its nutrition enough rhizoma Gastrodiaes, save traditional link will pulled out bacterium material, again put bacterium material of gathering greatly, omit operation, save production cost 40%, improve the planting benefit of rhizoma Gastrodiae effectively.

Accompanying drawing explanation

The implantation methods schematic diagram of Fig. 1 patent of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is rhizoma Gastrodiae growth requisite space schematic diagram.

embodiment, is described in detail the inventive method according to diagram.

one, bacterium material prepares.the present invention adopts the trees of diameter 1-15cm, and according to general Gastrodia method for planting processing, be trained the long short bacterium material of 20cm, the mode taking size bacterium material alternately to arrange in pairs or groups makes fixing bacterium bed (as Fig. 1), can discharge one or more layers until highly reach 10-15cm.Bacterium material cultural method is: first cultivate the long bacterium material of the 20cm of diameter 8-15cm with pure Armillaria mellea by usual method, quantity reaches the half of the quantity of the required bacterium material of rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation, and being cultured to bacterium material has a small amount of shoestring to grow from bacterium material two ends to be advisable. two, bacterium bed makes.make Gastrodia plant hole or hole (being referred to as hole below), below length 200cm, width is about 60cm, and loose 10-15cm is dug in the bottom in hole, and leveling, sprinkles the clean moistening leaf dropped then that a layer thickness is about 2cm.Then cultured old bacterium material is taken out, along the direction that hole is wide, the new and old bacterium material of the mode alternating discharge putting a new bacterium material is close to according to an old bacterium material side in the centre in hole, bacterium material surrounding distance plants plant hole edge about 20cm, the fresh bacterium material of below diameter 8cm is clipped in the gap between large bacterium material, the spacing of cultured bacterium material is no more than 8-10cm, and the small gap fine earth between bacterium material is tamped be beneficial to moisturizing, bacterium material upper face does smooth as far as possible, forms fixing overall bacterium bed. three, plant fiber crops to put.as shown in Figure 2, the space of rhizoma Gastrodiae growth needs is wide 8-10cm, long about 20cm, the surrounding of fixing bacterium bed by the unanimously outside direction of seed terminal bud and at a certain distance (8-10cm), put two-layer seeds of Gastrodia elata in 45 degree, ground floor is placed in edge under bacterium bed, seeds of Gastrodia elata must to be placed between cultured bacterium material and new bacterium material and to be close to old bacterium material, being beneficial to and connecing bacterium.0.5cm place under thickness of earth covering to neat bacterium bed upper edge hole, sprinkle leaf, second layer seed is put again by same method, as Fig. 1, in centipede shape, put earthing 15-20cm after second layer seed, then to cover the more coarse leaf naturally come off after one deck 3cm be soil moisturizing on top layer, enter conventional final-period management link. four, gather and lower season plantation.when gathering, the soil covered above is taken away and puts down to rhizoma Gastrodiae aufwuchsplate, put according to seeds of Gastrodia elata whole size rhizoma Gastrodiaes that rule takes one deck above away, amotile bacterium bed, then remove central filler soil and the large rhizoma Gastrodiae that can make commodity in taking one deck rhizoma Gastrodiae below away.Then classified by the rhizoma Gastrodiae that ground floor takes out, selected by arrow fiber crops as commodity process, remaining hoary hair fiber crops rice fiber crops, sow according to same type of seeding at once.So will gather and to complete together with planting link with the coming year, mix the mode of new bacterium material due to the fixing overall bacterium bed that adopts, needed for its nutrition enough rhizoma Gastrodiaes grow the coming year, save the program that when bacterium material of gathering is carried and plants the second season, bacterium material is put greatly.

Claims (4)

1. the energy-efficient implantation methods of the one of rhizoma Gastrodiae, it is characterized in that: the short bacterium material that about 20cm made by employing size, new and old bacterium material is also used in combination alternately, make fixing bacterium bed, rhizoma Gastrodiae growth district and bacterium bed are separated completely, ensured the quality of rhizoma Gastrodiae, bacterium bed grew for two seasons for rhizoma Gastrodiae continuously, the nutrient component of abundant bacterium material, save planting cost, utilized completely and saved bacterium aptitude source, reaching energy-efficient object.

2. the energy-efficient implantation methods of the one of rhizoma Gastrodiae according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: employing diameter is the bacterium aptitude source of 1-15cm, long 20cm, first cultivate bacterium material needed for half according to conventional method, be commonly called as old bacterium material, then cultured old bacterium material and new bacterium material to be arranged in pairs or groups mutually the fixing bacterium bed being close to and putting and make length and be less than 200cm, width 20cm, high 8-15cm, little bacterium material is embedded between the gap of large bacterium material, bacterium bed surrounding is rhizoma Gastrodiae growth district, rhizoma Gastrodiae vitellarium and bacterium material is taken up an area region and all separates.

3. the energy-efficient implantation methods of the one of rhizoma Gastrodiae according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the kind fiber crops of rhizoma Gastrodiae are put as two-layer, be respectively bottom and the top of bacterium bed, two-layer spacing of planting fiber crops is the height 8-15cm of bacterium bed, kind of fiber crops are placed in newly, old bacterium material intersection adjacent old bacterium material, spacing 8-10cm.

4. the energy-efficient implantation methods of the one of rhizoma Gastrodiae according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: amotile bacterium bed when gathering, first take all size rhizoma Gastrodiaes of one deck above away, one deck rhizoma Gastrodiae of bottom only takes the large rhizoma Gastrodiae that can make commodity away, then equally the little Gastrodia in one deck rhizoma Gastrodiae is above implanted in the top surrounding of bacterium bed with method during plantation, to the collecting season of Second Year, produced rhizoma Gastrodiae and bacterium material are all taken out, equally carry out with traditional cultivation method ground crop rotation of having a rest.