CN104186303B - Dragon fruit pollen suspension and preparation method thereof, pollinating method - Google Patents
Dragon fruit pollen suspension and preparation method thereof, pollinating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104186303B CN104186303B CN201410399141.5A CN201410399141A CN104186303B CN 104186303 B CN104186303 B CN 104186303B CN 201410399141 A CN201410399141 A CN 201410399141A CN 104186303 B CN104186303 B CN 104186303B
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Abstract
The invention discloses dragon fruit pollen suspension and preparation method thereof, pollinating method.In dragon fruit pollen suspension of the present invention, the nutritional agents of existing abundance can provide in vitro pollen desired nutritional, is furnished with again suitable plant growth regulator and promotes that pollen carries out germination and growth in the short time.Suspension stable performance, can place for a long time and not occur lamination.Dragon fruit pollen suspension of the present invention is easy to use, and adopt spraying pollinating method simple, pollination efficiency improves 2-3 doubly.Dragon fruit pollen suspension pollinating method of the present invention can effectively promote pollen germination and pollen tube growth, and pollen germination rate can reach more than 34.5%; Be conducive to dragon fruit pollination setting, percentage of fertile fruit reaches more than 96.5%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fruit-tree breeding technical field, particularly a kind of dragon fruit pollen suspension and preparation method thereof, pollinating method.
Background technology
Dragon fruit, also known as Hylocereus undatus, belonging to Cactaceae triangular prism and belong to the fruit of (Hylocereus belongs to also known as hylocereus) with cultivar, is the emerging tropical and subtropical fruit trees of one of extensive concern in recent years.At present in Hainan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, the ground such as Guizhou rises, in Zhanjiang, the North Sea, South of Guizhou have fairly large cultivation.Dragon fruit plants new, special, excellent, the high exploration project of agricultural become in recent years, and its research and development also comes into one's own day by day.The kind of Main Cultivation has red skin plain boiled pork, red skin red meat and Calusena lansium plain boiled pork 3 type, and quality is excellent with red skin red meat and Calusena lansium plain boiled pork type.Red meat type dragon fruit has from the low feature of flower affinity rate, dragon fruit pistil stigma is generally higher than stamen, wind-force and insect are difficult to pollen transmission on column cap, and night blooming affects the propagation of insect, early morning, about 8:00 flower withered, and had had a strong impact on blooming of dragon fruit under field conditions (factors) and had beared fruit.Poor pollination often causes the underproduction and affects quality, causes serious economic loss to orchard worker.Therefore, artificial supplementary pollination need be carried out to ensure yield and quality.
Although the artificial pollination Technical comparing taked on producing at present is ripe, also very practical, economical for the plantation of small-scale dragon fruit, but the effective pollination time of dragon fruit Post flowering is short, and dragon fruit flowering time is at late 20:00-8:00 next day substantially, dragon fruit 8-10 of blooming criticizes/a, blooms at every turn and lasts 3-5d; For larger dragon fruit manufacturing enterprise, employ hundreds of skilled pollination work to be unpractical in a short time, because the price of labour power goes up, dragon fruit cultivation cost increases, and therefore, the pollination technique of research saving of work and time has important realistic price.
Current dragon fruit artificial pollination technology is mainly manually awarded, that is, fully mixed by the pollen be collected, and dips in pollen point award column cap with writing brush, makes pollen uniform application at post heart place.Because evening dragon fruit bloom, it is time-consuming that writing brush point awards method, operation inconvenience, and be often subject to the adverse effect of weather, and in large area is produced, application has certain difficulty.At present except artificial writing brush point is awarded except method, do not find better method, therefore, pollination has become one of problem of restriction dragon fruit industry development at present.Spray a kind of artificial supplementary pollination method that pollen suspension is low cost, Chinese scholars has successful report on the fruit trees such as kiwi fruit, pears, peach, ginkgo.But the research of liquid spray have not been reported on dragon fruit.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of dragon fruit pollen suspension and preparation method thereof, pollinating method are provided.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
Dragon fruit pollen suspension, containing following component: the water of glucose 50-150g/L, boric acid 0.02-0.06g/L, nitrate of lime 0.01-0.05g/L, gibberellin 0.03-0.09g/L, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.2-0.3g/L, dragon fruit pollen 5-10g/L and surplus.
Preferably, described dragon fruit pollen suspension is also containing L-PROLINE 0.6-0.8g/L.
The preparation method of above-mentioned dragon fruit pollen suspension, comprises the following steps: get each raw material in proportion, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose is soluble in water, add other components except dragon fruit pollen again, dissolve, finally add dragon fruit pollen, mixing, is dragon fruit pollen suspension.
Preferably, the pH value of water used is 6.5-8.2.
Preferably, pollen suspension is avoided using canister when preparation and splendid attire.
The pollinating method of dragon fruit pollen suspension, comprises the following steps: in dragon fruit flowering stage, dragon fruit pollen suspension is loaded sprayer, just sprays column cap point.
Preferably, under 2-3 is just sprayed to column cap point in the position of distance 5-10cm.
Preferably, dragon fruit pollen suspension is used while allocating, and completing, being no more than 4 hours from adding dragon fruit pollen to pollination.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
In dragon fruit pollen suspension of the present invention, the nutritional agents of existing abundance can provide in vitro pollen desired nutritional, is furnished with again suitable plant growth regulator and promotes that pollen carries out germination and growth in the short time.Suspension stable performance, can place for a long time and not occur lamination.
Dragon fruit pollen suspension of the present invention is easy to use, and adopt spraying pollinating method simple, pollination efficiency improves 2-3 doubly.Dragon fruit pollen suspension pollinating method of the present invention can effectively promote pollen germination and pollen tube growth, and pollen germination rate can reach more than 34.5%; Be conducive to dragon fruit pollination setting, percentage of fertile fruit reaches more than 96.5%.
Embodiment
Pitaya Flower powder is 3-cellular type, and vitality is more weak, the more difficult sprouting of pollen.In dragon fruit pollen suspension of the present invention, the nutritional agents of existing abundance can provide in vitro pollen desired nutritional, be furnished with again plant growth regulator and better can promote that pollen carries out germination and growth in the short time, stabilizing agent in pollen suspension makes solution property stablize, and can place for a long time and not occur lamination.
The primary condition that in vitro pollen is sprouted needs carbon source, boric acid and mineral element (as external source Ca
2+) participation.In pollen suspension of the present invention, select glucose as carbon source, glucose is monose, and easily by Cell uptake, effect is better than sucrose; Be equipped with the boric acid process of suitable condition, effectively improve the germination rate of pollen; Calcium plays an important role in pollen germination and pollen tube growth, supplements the External Calcium of suitable concentration, promotes pollen germination and pollen tube growth.
Meanwhile, containing gibberellin of plant growth regulator in pollen suspension of the present invention, to ensure the relative increase of tumor growth cellulose content level, promote pollen germination and pollen tube growth.
In addition, add sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in pollen suspension of the present invention, improve dispersity and the stability of pollen, Pitaya Flower powder is agglomerating compared with great Yi, adds CMC and pollen can be made to be uniformly distributed in solution, and long-term placement does not also occur lamination; The film forming water retention characteristic of CMC can also form more stable moisture film at pollen and column cap outside, slow down the dry dehydration process of pollen liquid on column cap, to keep the vigor of pollen.
Inventor gropes through test repeatedly and verifies, finds to add appropriate L-PROLINE in dragon fruit pollen suspension, can promote the elongation of pollen germination and pollen tube, and then effectively improves dragon fruit pollination percentage of fertile fruit.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, set forth content of the present invention further.
embodiment 1
Dragon fruit pollen suspension, the component primarily of following concentration forms: the water of glucose 50g/L, L-PROLINE 0.6g/L, boric acid 0.02g/L, nitrate of lime 0.01g/L, gibberellin 0.03g/L, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.2g/L and surplus; Dragon fruit pollen 5g/L is added in above-mentioned pollen suspension.
Dragon fruit pollen suspension manufacturing methods: get each raw material in proportion, slowly adds CMC equably, and constantly stirs in the clear water of pH value 6.5-8.2, makes CMC and water merge completely, fully dissolve, prevents CMC conglomeration, caking.Then add glucose, L-PROLINE, boric acid, nitrate of lime and gibberellin, after above-mentioned raw materials fully dissolves, finally add the mixing of dragon fruit pollen, be dragon fruit pollen suspension.Pollen suspension selects the container of glass material when preparation and splendid attire.
embodiment 2
Dragon fruit pollen suspension, the component primarily of following concentration forms: the water of glucose 100g/L, L-PROLINE 0.7g/L, boric acid 0.04g/L, nitrate of lime 0.03g/L, gibberellin 0.06g/L, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.3g/L and surplus; Dragon fruit pollen 8g/L is added in above-mentioned pollen suspension.
Dragon fruit pollen suspension manufacturing methods: get each raw material in proportion, slowly adds CMC equably, and constantly stirs in the clear water of pH value 6.5-8.2, makes CMC and water merge completely, fully dissolve.Then add glucose, L-PROLINE, boric acid, nitrate of lime and gibberellin, after above-mentioned raw materials fully dissolves, finally add the mixing of dragon fruit pollen, be dragon fruit pollen suspension.Pollen suspension selects the container of plastic material when preparation and splendid attire.
embodiment 3
Dragon fruit pollen suspension, the component primarily of following concentration forms: the water of glucose 150g/L, L-PROLINE 0.8g/L, boric acid 0.06g/L, nitrate of lime 0.05g/L, gibberellin 0.09g/L, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.3g/L and surplus; Dragon fruit pollen 10g/L is added in above-mentioned pollen suspension.
Dragon fruit pollen suspension manufacturing methods: get each raw material in proportion, slowly adds CMC equably, and constantly stirs in the clear water of pH value 6.5-8.2, makes CMC and water merge completely, fully dissolve.Then add glucose, L-PROLINE, boric acid, nitrate of lime and gibberellin, after above-mentioned raw materials fully dissolves, finally add the mixing of dragon fruit pollen, be dragon fruit pollen suspension.Pollen suspension selects the container of glass material when preparation and splendid attire.
embodiment 4
Adopt the pollen suspension of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 to carry out pollen germination test, adopt 15% glucose solution (containing dragon fruit pollen 10g/L) in contrast.Add in above-mentioned process respectively by the dragon fruit fresh pollen of collection, cultivate sprouting and the pollen tube growth situation of examining under a microscope dragon fruit pollen after 24 hours, statistics is as shown in table 1:
The germination rate of table 1 dragon fruit pollen and pollen tube growth situation
Found out by table 1, the pollen germination rate of the pollen suspension of the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 all reaches more than 34.5%, higher than control treatment, pollen tube length reaches more than 110 μm, illustrate that pollen suspension of the present invention can improve the germination rate of dragon fruit pollen, promote the growth of pollen tube.
embodiment 5
Adopt the pollen suspension of embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 to carry out liquid spray test of pollination, and compare in contrast with artificial pollination and spontaneous pollination, investigation percentage of fertile fruit.Test is carried out at District South, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province rising sun scape Agricultural Technological Garden, concrete process of the test is: June is when orchard second batch is spent in full bloom, above-mentioned test is carried out evening about 11, about 2h before dragon fruit is bloomed, chooses and same branch has 2 buds with duration and 2 bud sizableness simultaneously listing in the bud that evening on the same day is open.Each test process is chosen 30-50 flower and is carried out mark of listing.
Each process pollinating method:
Pollen suspension spraying pollination: by the pollen suspension small hand-held sprayer of embodiment 2, embodiment 3, pollinate under distance 5-10cm position faces column cap point spray 2-3, dragon fruit pollen suspension is used while allocating, and completing, being no more than 4 hours from adding dragon fruit pollen to pollination; Artificial point awards pure pollen: with writing brush by pollen collection extremely dish, mixes and dip in upper pollen with writing brush column cap touching 4-5 time with writing brush.Spontaneous pollination process is only listed, and does not do any pollination process.Calculate percentage of fertile fruit after 10 days, result of the test is as shown in table 2:
The impact of table 2 difference pollination process on dragon fruit percentage of fertile fruit
Found out by table 2, the percentage of fertile fruit of the pollen suspension of the embodiment of the present invention 2 and embodiment 3 reaches 96.5%, 98.5% respectively, higher than the percentage of fertile fruit of artificial pollination, spontaneous pollination, illustrate that pollen suspension Pollination Effect of the present invention is good, greatly can improve the percentage of fertile fruit of dragon fruit, improve the economic benefit of orchard worker.Carry out in process in test, adopt pollen suspension to carry out liquid spraying pollination, the time is short, and speed is fast, and its work efficiency is awarded pollen than artificial point and improved 2-3 doubly.
Claims (7)
1. dragon fruit pollen suspension, it is composed as follows: the water of glucose 50-150g/L, boric acid 0.02-0.06g/L, nitrate of lime 0.01-0.05g/L, gibberellin 0.03-0.09g/L, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.2-0.3g/L, L-PROLINE 0.6-0.8g/L, dragon fruit pollen 5-10g/L and surplus.
2. the preparation method of dragon fruit pollen suspension described in claim 1, comprises the following steps: get each raw material in proportion, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose is soluble in water, add other components except dragon fruit pollen again, dissolve, finally add dragon fruit pollen, mixing, is dragon fruit pollen suspension.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the pH value of water used is 6.5-8.2.
4. preparation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: pollen suspension is avoided using canister when preparation and splendid attire.
5. the pollinating method of dragon fruit pollen suspension described in claim 1, comprises the following steps: in dragon fruit flowering stage, dragon fruit pollen suspension is loaded sprayer, just sprays column cap point.
6. pollinating method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in the position of distance 5-10cm just under column cap point spray 2-3.
7. pollinating method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: dragon fruit pollen suspension is used while allocating, and completing, being no more than 4 hours from adding dragon fruit pollen to pollination.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105493808A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-04-20 | 广西南宁市绿滋宝农业科技有限公司 | Highly-efficient planting method of dragon fruits |
| CN105494081A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-04-20 | 防城港市星湖生态农业有限公司 | Pollination method for pitaya |
| CN106577252A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-26 | 潘显船 | Dendrobium officinale pollination method |
| CN109197204B (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2021-07-27 | 华亭市正元生态农业发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating new variety of pitaya with high cold resistance |
| CN111887150A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-06 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | Breeding method of high-yield high-quality multi-resistance cotton |
| CN113439656B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2022-06-07 | 广东丽豪生物农业有限公司 | Microbial inoculation and wheat breeding method |
| CN113966701B (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-07-26 | 浙江天泽农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation method of bird's nest fruit |
| CN117441609B (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-05-14 | 浙江大学海南研究院 | Preparation method and application of pollen mixture |
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| USPP21894P2 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-05-03 | Walters Gardens, Inc | Dianthus plant named ‘Dragon Fruit’ |
| CN103891594A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-02 | 平果县农业局 | Method for pollination of Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton et Rose flower with dragon fruit plant pollen |
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