CN104094744A

CN104094744A - Amomum tsaoko planting method

Info

Publication number: CN104094744A
Application number: CN201310122305.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-04-10
Filing date: 2013-04-10
Publication date: 2014-10-15

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificial amomum tsaoko planting method, which belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicinal material planting. The method concretely comprises six steps including planting land selection, land preparation, amomum tsaoko seedling transplanting, field management, prevention and treatment on plant diseases, insect pests and rat damage, and flower and fruit setting rate improving measure taking. The method has the advantages that the seedling culture planting is adopted, the amomum tsaoko planting can be developed in a large area, the industrialization is formed, the mu yield is improved by 20 percent to 25 percent, the content of active ingredients is improved by 10 percent to 15 percent, in addition, the work procedures are simple, and the operation is easy.

Description

A kind of tsaoko cultivation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to Chinese medicinal herbs culture technique field, be specifically related to a kind of method of tsaoko culture technique, belong to traditional Chinese medicine culture technique field.

Background technology

Tsaoko (A momum tsao-ko Crevost et Lemarie) is Zingiber Amomum perennial evergreen tussock plant, and the essential oil that tsaoko fruit extracts is for medicine and perfume industry; Dry fruit can be used as traditional Chinese medicine, in eliminating dampness temperature, treatment abdominal distention, ruffian is completely vomitted, malaria fever and chills, the disease of pestilence heating, a lot of Chinese patent drugs be unable to do without its formula, as deep, search wind ball, Yishen Pills, open strongly fragrant Shugan Wan, wide chest profit diaphragm ball, JIEBAI WAN etc., wild tsaoko is mainly distributed in Chinese yunnan, Guangxi and 3 province some areas, Guizhou, and the some areas in Vietnam, Laos the north.Tsaoko is one of large kind of Chinese herbal medicines, amount is greater than survival dose, along with the raising of people's living standard and healthy needs, the purposes of tsaoko is more and more, people make again wild tsaoko endangered to the indiscriminate mining and serious waste of wild resource, for satisfying the demand, people have to develop artificial cultivation technique.But present people cultivate tsaoko ubiquity and yield poorly, bad, active constituent content is few, the numerous and diverse defect of cultivation operation.

Summary of the invention

goal of the invention: the object of the invention is for problems of the prior art, a kind of culture technique method that improves tsaoko output and active ingredient is provided.

technical scheme: a kind of method of utilizing ramulus mori to cultivate flat mushroom of the present invention, specifically comprises the following steps:

1. milpa is selected: tsaoko happiness concealments, humidity, Wen Liang, the environment that fertile soil is loose, should be chosen in degree of shading and be 60-70% broad-leaved underwood planting, and to have in the corrie of flowing water throughout the year, plant as well, with 1200-1800 meters of height above sea level, be advisable;

2. wholely: choose behind plot, in spring, carry out weeds cleaning, remove the too much bad tree of shading simultaneously, to the mountain region that shade rate is inadequate, should reseed shaping, then entirely cultivate and loosen the soil, improve forest land environment, improve land fertility, guarantee that seedling survives and good growth, in April, dig pit, specification is long * wide * dark=30 centimetres of 50 cm x 50 cm x, and seeding row spacing is 1.5 meters * 1.5 meters or 2 meters * 2 meters, and every mu is dug 160～300 holes;

3. transplant: the time is selected in the shady rainy day in 6～July, selects 30～40 centimetres of heights of seedling, robust growth, stem foot is thick more than 1 centimetre, and 8～12 of root systems, without damage by disease and insect, have no mechanical damage, the seedling age seedling of a year, first inserts the fine earth of 20～22 centimetres in hole during transplanting, seedling is planted in hole again, root system is unfolded naturally, 2～3 young plants are put in every hole, then filling out 8～10 centimetres of fine earths covers tightly shoot root, with foot-operated tight, shoot root and soil are combined closely, after water normal root water one time;

4. field management: comprise that the management that juvenile stage transplants in latter 3 years is the management of field planting after 3 years with becoming the length of time, wherein the management that is in the length of time will be carried out and look into seedling and fill a vacancy, prevent that livestock from trampleing on, the work of intertill and clean tillage, become the management in the length of time will carry out weeding and cut old strain, topdress, ridging, irrigation and drainage, adjusting shade rate;

5. carry out disease worm rat plague control;

(1) Disease in Amomum Tsao-ko control.Blossom rot, fruit rot: bordeaux mixture or 1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim with 1:1:100 before blooming spray.Leaf spot: spray with 600 times of 50% carbendazim or 800 times of 50% thiophanate methyl.Damping off: discovery diseased plant is pulled out buried, and the powder that limes is sterilized around.With 600 times of liquid of 65% zineb, lesion plant is sprayed simultaneously, every 7 days, spray～inferior, connect and spray 2～3 times;

(2) pest control:

Slug is killed with the place that quicklime is sprinkling upon its discrepancy in control.Star locust and borer prevented and treated with Padan or time;

(3) rat plague control:

For the plague of rats, mouse trap, rattrap or diphacinone receive salt bait and prevent and treat.

6. improve the flower fruit-setting rate measure of sitting

(1) every mu is watered 50 kilograms with 2 liang of boraxs and before blooming, carries out foliar spray;

(2) with honey liquor or the refined sugar solution of 200 times, in flowering stage, spray, induction insect activity is pollinated;

(3) advocate tsaoko garden and develop apiculture around, both bring out the best in each other, and realize tsaoko, honey bumper harvests.

beneficial effect: compared with prior art, its beneficial effect is in the present invention:

The present invention adopts growing nursery and culture, can cultivate by large area development tsaoko, forms industrialization, and output improves 20%～25%, and active ingredient improves 10%～15%, and operation is simple, easy operating.

embodiment

Below in conjunction with the concrete example of implementing, technical solution of the present invention is elaborated.

Production address: De Fu village, De Long township, Napo County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

1. milpa is selected: this time tsaoko cultivation is selected in nature reserve, the average crown density 65% of standing forest, and mean temperature of air is 18.5 ℃ throughout the year, 31 ℃ of Extreme Maximum Temperatures, 3 ℃ of the minimum air temperatures, fertile soil is loose, has flowing water, 1200-1350 meters of height above sea level throughout the year;

2. wholely: spring in 2011, carry out weeds cleaning, remove the too much bad tree of shading simultaneously, then entirely cultivate and loosen the soil, in April, 2011, dig pit, specification is long * wide * dark=30 centimetres of 50 cm x 50 cm x, and seeding row spacing is 1.5 meters * 1.5 meters, and every mu is dug 300 holes;

3. transplant: the time is selected in the shady rainy day of 6 last ten-days period～mid-July in 2011, selects 30～40 centimetres of heights of seedling, robust growth, stem foot is thick more than 1 centimetre, and 8～12 of root systems, without damage by disease and insect, have no mechanical damage, the seedling age seedling of a year, first inserts the fine earth of 20～22 centimetres in hole during transplanting, seedling is planted in hole again, root system is unfolded naturally, 2～3 young plants are put in every hole, then filling out 8～10 centimetres of fine earths covers tightly shoot root, with foot-operated tight, shoot root and soil are combined closely, after water normal root water one time;

4. field management:

(1) looking into seedling fills a vacancy: find dead seedling, lack the pool and reseed in time;

(2) intertill and clean tillage.Tsaoko shoot adopts artificial weeding to herbicide sensitive so we, respectively carries out once every year, and in conjunction with intertillage every mu of use 5 kilograms of urea, add 10 kilograms of general calcium and cheat and execute in summer and winter.After the weeds of removing, be layered on around plant, allow it rot, increase fertility;

5. carry out disease worm rat plague control:

(1) Disease in Amomum Tsao-ko control.While finding that there is blossom rot or fruit rot: spray with 1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim before blooming, the state of an illness is at once controlled.The method of preventing and treating damping off is: discovery diseased plant is pulled out buried, and the powder that limes is sterilized around.With 600 times of liquid of 65% zineb, lesion plant is sprayed simultaneously, spray～inferior every 7 days, connect and spray 2～3 times, control efficiency is also fine, does not this time find leaf spot;

(2) rat plague control:

6. taked to improve the flower fruit-setting rate measure of sitting

(2) with honey liquor or the refined sugar solution of 200 times, in flowering stage, spray, induction insect activity is pollinated.

This time experiment in cultivation, 2012 start to yield positive results, and 55 mu of test area are received 3810 kilograms, fresh fruit for 2012,69.3 kilograms of average yield per mus, than traditional extensive operation per mu yield of contrast more than 36 kilograms 33.3 kilograms, amount of increase in production reaches 92.5%, and effect of increasing production is obvious.

Claims

1. the method that tsaoko is cultivated, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

(1) milpa is selected: select broad-leaved underwood planting, 1200～1800 meters of height above sea level;

(2) wholely: choose behind plot, in spring, carry out weeds cleaning, remove the too much bad tree of shading simultaneously, then entirely cultivate and loosen the soil, in April, dig pit;

(3) transplant: the time is selected in the shady rainy day in 6～July, selects 30～40 centimetres of heights of seedling, robust growth, stem foot is thick more than 1 centimetre, and 8～12 of root systems, without damage by disease and insect, have no mechanical damage, the seedling age seedling of a year, first inserts the fine earth of 20～22 centimetres in hole during transplanting, seedling is planted in hole again, root system is unfolded naturally, 2～3 young plants are put in every hole, then filling out 8～10 centimetres of fine earths covers tightly shoot root, with foot-operated tight, shoot root and soil are combined closely, after water normal root water one time;

(4) field management: comprise that the management that juvenile stage transplants in latter 3 years is the management of field planting after 3 years with becoming the length of time, wherein the management that is in the length of time will be carried out and look into seedling and fill a vacancy, prevent that livestock from trampleing on, the work of intertill and clean tillage, become the management in the length of time will carry out weeding and cut old strain, topdress, ridging, irrigation and drainage, adjusting shade rate;

(5) carry out disease worm rat plague control;

(6) improve the flower fruit-setting rate measure of sitting.

2. the method for tsaoko cultivation according to claim 1, is characterized in that the degree of shading of the broad leaved forest of described step (1) is 60～70%.

3. the method for tsaoko according to claim 2 cultivation, is characterized in that described step (2) digs pit, and the specification in hole is long * wide * dark=30 centimetres of 50 cm x 50 cm x, and seeding row spacing is 1.5 meters * 1.5 meters or 2 meters * 2 meters.

4. the method for tsaoko cultivation according to claim 3, is characterized in that described step (6) improves seat and spends the measure of fruit-setting rate to be: (1) every mu is watered 50 kilograms with 2 liang of boraxs and before blooming, carries out foliar spray; (2) with honey liquor or the refined sugar solution of 200 times, in flowering stage, spray, induction insect activity is pollinated; (3) bee-keeping around in tsaoko garden.