CN102960134A - Cultivating method of lotus root - Google Patents

Cultivating method of lotus root Download PDF

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CN102960134A
CN102960134A CN2012104388500A CN201210438850A CN102960134A CN 102960134 A CN102960134 A CN 102960134A CN 2012104388500 A CN2012104388500 A CN 2012104388500A CN 201210438850 A CN201210438850 A CN 201210438850A CN 102960134 A CN102960134 A CN 102960134A
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liquid
lotus
lotus root
days
water
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怀于生
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Tongli Town Wujiang Raw First Water Eight Immortals Vegetables Specialty Co-Operative Organization
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Tongli Town Wujiang Raw First Water Eight Immortals Vegetables Specialty Co-Operative Organization
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Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivating method of lotus root. The method comprises the steps of: first, selecting a field; second, preparing soil and applying fertilizer for the field selected; third, selecting seedling root and disinfecting the seedling root; fourth, planting the seedling root; fifth, managing water and fertilizer in a growth period in an enhancing manner; and sixth, preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests in the growth period and finally harvesting. According to the cultivating method of the lotus root, the yield and quality of the lotus root are improved, so that the value of the lotus root is higher.

Description

A kind of cultivation method of lotus rhizome
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding method of a kind of vegetables, relate in particular to a kind of cultivation method of lotus rhizome.
Background technology
Lotus rhizome belongs to nymphaeaceae plant, and the rhizome of lotus is loose, have joint, centre that some tube orifice are arranged, and has silk to link to each other after fractureing.Lotus root is little sweet and crisp, and can eat raw also and can cook, and medical value is quite high, its Gen Genyeye, the stamen or pistil fruit is precious invariably, all can nourish and be used as medicine.
Because geography and Climatic Effects, the plantation of Yangtze river basin lotus rhizome is many.But concentrate owing to administer, so the plantation of lotus rhizome relatively disperses, thereby cause the cultivation technology of lotus rhizome to can not get promoting, impel the output of lotus rhizome to can not get improving.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the cultivation method of the high-quality lotus rhizome of a kind of high yield is provided.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a kind of cultivation method of lotus rhizome, may further comprise the steps: the selection of (1) field: select sunlight and have abundant water resources, physical features is smooth, can fill with and to arrange, farming layer depth 25cm~30cm, acid-base value is loam or the clay loam of PH6.5; (2) site preparation and fertilization: at front 10 days~15 days whole ground of field planting, ploughing depth 25cm~30cm, every 667m 2Execute decomposed manure 2000kg~2500kg and 45% Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 100kg; (3) plant that lotus root is selected and sterilization: select without scab, rear larger sub-lotus root behind the thicker whole lotus root of joint, every lotus root has 3~5 of the terminal bud of complete stalwartness and lateral buds, then by 800 times of liquid seed soaking of 50% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder 2~6 hours, or the vexed kind of spraying liquid 24 hours; (4) plantation: plantation is divided into outdoor cropping and facility cultivation; The outdoor cropping time is the early and middle ten days in April, every 667m 2Plant several 800~1000 of lotus root tool bud head, consumption is at 200kg~250kg; The facility cultivation time is March, every 667m 2Plant several 1000~1200 of lotus root tool bud head, sowing quantity is at 250kg~300kg; (5) water and fertilizer management: the water layer management of shallow water lotus root is grasped from shallow to deep, from deep to shallow principle again, it is rear to budding stage maintenance water layer 5cm~6cm to plant, along with the growth of plant adds profundal zone gradually to 10cm~15cm, the lotus root expanding stage should be put the shallow water position to 3cm~5cm in front 20 days to gathering, and during the full field of vertical leaf, should slightly put the field successively, note in time going back water, add again deep water level when digging lotus root to 10cm; Planted rear the 20th~25 day, and topdressed for the first time every 667m when 1~2 vertical leaf is arranged 2Impose become thoroughly decomposed muck 1000kg~1500kg or urea 10kg~15kg, planted rear the 50th~55 day, the part plant is topdressed leaf every 667m after occurring for the second time 2Impose become thoroughly decomposed muck 1500kg~2000kg or urea 20kg and add the 3kg biological potassium fertilizer and impose together, during need intertill and clean tillage and adjustment; (6) extermination of disease and insect pest: rot is every 667m before planting 2Adding dried fine earth 5kg~10kg with the precious wetting powder 500g of 50% carbendazol wettable powder 500g or 60% mildew-resistant mixes thoroughly and spreads fertilizer over the fields, their early stage adds water spray or 25% with 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder frame, 75% tpn wetting powder makes 800 times of liquid sprayings of hectogram missible oil, alternately use, prevent and treat 2~3 times; Leaf rot is with 800~1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder or with 500~600 times of liquid of 75% tpn wetting powder in the their early stage spraying once, safe period, the interval was 20 days; Brown line disease selects 56.7% hat 1000~1200 times of liquid of the clear dry granule of bacterium or the noble 600 times of liquid of suspension emulsion of 27.12% bronze medal or 500 times of liquid of 64% Sandofan wetting powder alternately to use, every spray in 10 days 1 time, totally 2~3 times; Prodenia litura after 4 ages larva should use 2000~3000 times of liquid sprayings of 1500 times of liquid of 5% UC 62644 or 24% happy suspending agent, safe period, the interval was 7 days, or manual removal prodenia litura ovum or do not disperse front concentrate catch and kill in larva, with black light lamp or frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp or sugar-vinegar liquid trapping adult, or every 667m2 is watered 50kg spraying control with deep and remote (Bt) wetting powder 50g~75g of 16000IU/mg Su Yun gold bar; Food root leaf beetle is sprayed with 48% happy these 1000 times of liquid or 800 times of liquid of 90% chlorophos crystal, and safe period, the interval was 7 days; The lotus Rhopalosiphum spp is prevented and treated with 2000~3000 times of liquid of 50% Aphox wetting powder or 1500~2000 times of liquid sprayings of 100% imidacloprid wettable powder, and safe period, structure was 10 days; Ke Shi crayfish before planting 7 days, every 667m 2Evenly pour a field depth of water with 4.5% chlorine cyanogen chrysanthemum 40ml and keep 3cm or manual catching and killing; (7) gather: when many termination leaves occurring in the field, can gather, elder generation's draining keeps shallow water when gathering.According to stopping leaf and rear distance leaf is determined lotus root body position, destroy first lotus leaf when adopting lotus root, pull out petiole, push earth on the lotus root face aside with hand, dig out lotus rhizome, also can treat to gather when blade is withered and yellow aging lotus rhizome or storage are gathered to next year with staying by stages.
Further, the line-spacing of planting of the outdoor cropping in the described step (4) is 1.5m~2.0m, and the cave is apart from 1.0m~1.5m, every 667m 22~3 of 1 of whole lotus root or sub-lotus roots are discharged in 300 caves, every cave.
Further, the line-spacing of planting of arranging in the described step (4) is 1.2m~1.5m, and the cave is apart from 0.8m~1.0m, every 667m 22~3 of 1 of whole lotus root or sub-lotus roots are discharged in 300 caves, every cave.
Again further, adding the water proportioning for 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder frame, the 75% tpn wetting powder of preventing and treating rot in the described step (6) is 1:1:800.
Further, the sugar-vinegar liquid for trapping prodenia litura adult is mixed by 6 portions of sugar, 3 portions of vinegar, 1 part of liquor, 10 parts of water and 1 part of 90% chlorophos in the described step (6).
Compared with prior art, usefulness of the present invention is: the cultivation method of this lotus rhizome can improve output and the quality of lotus rhizome, makes the value of lotus rhizome higher.
Embodiment:
Describe the present invention below by embodiment.
A kind of cultivation method of lotus rhizome may further comprise the steps:
1, the selection of field: select sunlight and have abundant water resources, physical features is smooth, and can fill with and can arrange, farming layer depth 25cm~30cm, acid-base value is loam or the clay loam of PH6.5.
2, site preparation and fertilization: on front 10 days~15 days whole ground of field planting, ploughing depth 25cm~30cm requires to remove weeds in field, plough rake whole, and around field, build 20cm~25cm high enclose the ridge, to soil meta-acid field, should execute an amount of white lime depending on the meta-acid degree and regulate every 667m 2Execute decomposed manure 2000kg~2500kg and 45% Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 100kg.
3, plant that lotus root is selected and sterilization: select without scab, rear larger sub-lotus root behind the thicker whole lotus root of joint, every lotus root has 3~5 of the terminal bud of complete stalwartness and lateral buds, then by 800 times of liquid seed soaking of 50% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder 2~6 hours, or the vexed kind of spraying liquid 24 hours.
4, plantation: plantation is divided into outdoor cropping and facility cultivation; The outdoor cropping time is the early and middle ten days in April, every 667m 2Several 800~1000 of kind of lotus root tool bud head, consumption be at 200kg~250kg, and the outdoor cropping line-spacing of planting is 1.5m~2.0m, and the cave is apart from 1.0m~1.5m, every 667m 2300 caves, 2~3 of 1 of whole lotus root or sub-lotus roots, the forward triangle seeding of kind lotus root, the i.e. cross arrangement of adjacent lines planting hole when planting are discharged in every cave, relative about lotus root kind terminal bud, respectively towards between the cave on opposite, the lotus root head of field surrounding planting hole should be all in the field, in the ranks distance suitably is enlarged to 2m~3m to middle two, the slightly downward oblique cutting of lotus root head should be buried during cultivation, the lotus root head enters earth 10cm~15cm, and the lotus root tip sticks up and reveals the mud face, is 20 °~30 ° angles with native face.
The facility cultivation time is March, every 667m 2Plant several 1000~1200 of lotus root tool bud head, sowing quantity is at 250kg~300kg; Facility cultivation need to be built little shed, middle shed or big arch shed, little shed lighting surface arch span 1m~1.2m, height 0.6m~0.8m, middle shed lighting surface arch span 3m~6m, height 1.5m~2m, single lighting surface arch of big arch shed span 6m is above, height 2m~2.5m; Little shed was built on the same day of planting, overlay film at random after the cultivation, middle shed, big arch shed were built complete and overlay film in 5 days in the past before planting, length is decided on the field situation, generally be advisable with 30m, will be apart among the ridge 1m, between the big arch shed more than the 1m of interval when the shed of field surrounding is built.
5, water and fertilizer management: the water layer management of shallow water lotus root is grasped from shallow to deep, from deep to shallow principle again, it is rear to budding stage maintenance water layer 5cm~6cm to plant, along with the growth of plant adds profundal zone gradually to 10cm~15cm, the lotus root expanding stage should be put the shallow water position to 3cm~5cm in front 20 days to gathering, and during the full field of vertical leaf, should slightly put the field successively, note in time going back water, add again deep water level when digging lotus root to 10cm; Planted rear the 20th~25 day, and topdressed for the first time every 667m when 1~2 vertical leaf is arranged 2Impose become thoroughly decomposed muck 1000kg~1500kg or urea 10kg~15kg, planted rear the 50th~55 day, the part plant is topdressed leaf every 667m after occurring for the second time 2Imposing become thoroughly decomposed muck 1500kg~2000kg or urea 20kg adds the 3kg biological potassium fertilizer and imposes together, need during this time intertill and clean tillage and adjustment, described intertill and clean tillage is at lotus leaf Feng Hangqian, the weeding 2~3 times of weeding the fields in conjunction with topdressing, until the behavior of lotus leaf envelope ends, when weeding the fields withered short leaf and weeds are removed, filled in and make fertilizer in the mud.
The plant vigorous period should repeatedly turn the lotus root head, when curling leaf during from limit, field 1m, ties lotus root for preventing that the lotus root head from passing through outside ridge or the field, nearly the lotus root head of ridge switch in the field is fine, when temperature is higher, turned once bad weather, poor growth in 2~3 days, then turned once in 6~7 days, general growing period needs switch 5~6 times, because of the lotus root head tenderer, push table soil when turning lotus root aside, with rear rhizoma nelumbinis is held up together, the amplitude that turns is wanted greatly, it is slow that action is wanted, and can not firmly turn.Then cover mud and press surely, accurate lotus root head carries out when cauline leaf is soft at noon, in order to avoid fracture.
Reach plant strain growth after the facility cultivation lotus rhizome is planted and to note warming early stage, improve temperature and soil temperature in the facility, promote rudiment and growth, facility Nei Wenduda is more than 30 ℃ the time, it is aeration-cooling to take off film daytime, and along with the rising of temperature, increases gradually taking off the aeration-cooling time of film of every day, when daily mean temperature reaches more than 20 ℃, facility two ends film should not cover round the clock, keeps ventilation state, when daily mean temperature reaches more than 23 ℃, cover film all should be removed, little shed is removed skeleton simultaneously.
6, the extermination of disease and insect pest: rot is every 667m before planting 2Adding dried fine earth 5kg~10kg with the precious wetting powder 500g of 50% carbendazol wettable powder 500g or 60% mildew-resistant mixes thoroughly and spreads fertilizer over the fields, their early stage adds water (proportioning is 1:1:800) spraying or 25% with 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder frame, 75% tpn wetting powder makes 800 times of liquid sprayings of hectogram missible oil, alternately use, prevent and treat 2~3 times; Leaf rot is with 800~1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder or with 500~600 times of liquid of 75% tpn wetting powder in the their early stage spraying once, safe period, the interval was 20 days; Brown line disease selects 56.7% hat 1000~1200 times of liquid of the clear dry granule of bacterium or the noble 600 times of liquid of suspension emulsion of 27.12% bronze medal or 500 times of liquid of 64% Sandofan wetting powder alternately to use, every spray in 10 days 1 time, totally 2~3 times; Prodenia litura after 4 ages larva should use 2000~3000 times of liquid sprayings of 1500 times of liquid of 5% UC 62644 or 24% happy suspending agent, safe period, the interval was 7 days, or manual removal prodenia litura ovum or do not disperse front concentrate catch and kill in larva, with black light lamp or frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp or sugar-vinegar liquid trapping adult, described sugar-vinegar liquid is mixed by 6 portions of sugar, 3 portions of vinegar, 1 part of liquor, 10 parts of water and 1 part of 90% chlorophos, or every 667m 2Deep and remote (Bt) wetting powder 50g~75g is watered 50kg spraying control with 16000IU/mg Su Yun gold bar; Food root leaf beetle is sprayed with 48% happy these 1000 times of liquid or 800 times of liquid of 90% chlorophos crystal, and safe period, the interval was 7 days; The lotus Rhopalosiphum spp is prevented and treated with 2000~3000 times of liquid of 50% Aphox wetting powder or 1500~2000 times of liquid sprayings of 100% imidacloprid wettable powder, and safe period, structure was 10 days; Ke Shi crayfish before planting 7 days, every 667m 2Evenly pour a field depth of water with 4.5% chlorine cyanogen chrysanthemum 40ml and keep 3cm or manual catching and killing.
7, gather: when many termination leaves occurring in the field, can gather, elder generation's draining keeps shallow water when gathering.According to stopping leaf and rear distance leaf is determined lotus root body position, destroy first lotus leaf when adopting lotus root, pull out petiole, push earth on the lotus root face aside with hand, dig out lotus rhizome, also can treat to gather when blade is withered and yellow aging lotus rhizome or storage are gathered to next year with staying by stages.
The cultivation method of this lotus rhizome can improve output and the quality of lotus rhizome, makes the value of lotus rhizome higher.
It is emphasized that: above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment does.

Claims (6)

1. the cultivation method of a lotus rhizome is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) selection of field: select sunlight and have abundant water resources, physical features is smooth, and can fill with and can arrange, farming layer depth 25cm~30cm, acid-base value is loam or the clay loam of PH6.5;
(2) site preparation and fertilization: at front 10 days~15 days whole ground of field planting, ploughing depth 25cm~30cm, every 667m 2Execute decomposed manure 2000kg~2500kg and 45% Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 100kg;
(3) plant that lotus root is selected and sterilization: select without scab, rear larger sub-lotus root behind the thicker whole lotus root of joint, every lotus root has 3~5 of the terminal bud of complete stalwartness and lateral buds, then by 800 times of liquid seed soaking of 50% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder 2~6 hours, or the vexed kind of spraying liquid 24 hours;
(4) plantation: plantation is divided into outdoor cropping and facility cultivation; The outdoor cropping time is the early and middle ten days in April, every 667m 2Plant several 800~1000 of lotus root tool bud head, consumption is at 200kg~250kg; The facility cultivation time is March, every 667m 2Plant several 1000~1200 of lotus root tool bud head, sowing quantity is at 250kg~300kg;
(5) water and fertilizer management: the water layer management of shallow water lotus root is grasped from shallow to deep, from deep to shallow principle again, it is rear to budding stage maintenance water layer 5cm~6cm to plant, along with the growth of plant adds profundal zone gradually to 10cm~15cm, the lotus root expanding stage should be put the shallow water position to 3cm~5cm in front 20 days to gathering, and during the full field of vertical leaf, should slightly put the field successively, note in time going back water, add again deep water level when digging lotus root to 10cm; Planted rear the 20th~25 day, and topdressed for the first time every 667m when 1~2 vertical leaf is arranged 2Impose become thoroughly decomposed muck 1000kg~1500kg or urea 10kg~15kg, planted rear the 50th~55 day, the part plant is topdressed leaf every 667m after occurring for the second time 2Impose become thoroughly decomposed muck 1500kg~2000kg or urea 20kg and add the 3kg biological potassium fertilizer and impose together, during need intertill and clean tillage and adjustment;
(6) extermination of disease and insect pest: rot is every 667m before planting 2Adding dried fine earth 5kg~10kg with the precious wetting powder 500g of 50% carbendazol wettable powder 500g or 60% mildew-resistant mixes thoroughly and spreads fertilizer over the fields, their early stage adds water spray or 25% with 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder frame, 75% tpn wetting powder makes 800 times of liquid sprayings of hectogram missible oil, alternately use, prevent and treat 2~3 times; Leaf rot is with 800~1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder or with 500~600 times of liquid of 75% tpn wetting powder in the their early stage spraying once, safe period, the interval was 20 days; Brown line disease selects 56.7% hat 1000~1200 times of liquid of the clear dry granule of bacterium or the noble 600 times of liquid of suspension emulsion of 27.12% bronze medal or 500 times of liquid of 64% Sandofan wetting powder alternately to use, every spray in 10 days 1 time, totally 2~3 times; Prodenia litura after 4 ages larva should use 2000~3000 times of liquid sprayings of 1500 times of liquid of 5% UC 62644 or 24% happy suspending agent, safe period, the interval was 7 days, or manual removal prodenia litura ovum or do not disperse front concentrate catch and kill in larva, with black light lamp or frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp or sugar-vinegar liquid trapping adult, or every 667m 2Deep and remote (Bt) wetting powder 50g~75g is watered 50kg spraying control with 16000IU/mg Su Yun gold bar; Food root leaf beetle is sprayed with 48% happy these 1000 times of liquid or 800 times of liquid of 90% chlorophos crystal, and safe period, the interval was 7 days; The lotus Rhopalosiphum spp is prevented and treated with 2000~3000 times of liquid of 50% Aphox wetting powder or 1500~2000 times of liquid sprayings of 100% imidacloprid wettable powder, and safe period, structure was 10 days; Ke Shi crayfish before planting 7 days, every 667m 2Evenly pour a field depth of water with 4.5% chlorine cyanogen chrysanthemum 40ml and keep 3cm or manual catching and killing;
(7) gather: when many termination leaves occurring in the field, can gather, elder generation's draining keeps shallow water when gathering.
2. according to stopping leaf and rear distance leaf is determined lotus root body position, destroy first lotus leaf when adopting lotus root, pull out petiole, push earth on the lotus root face aside with hand, dig out lotus rhizome, also can treat to gather when blade is withered and yellow aging lotus rhizome or storage are gathered to next year with staying by stages.
3. the cultivation method of a kind of lotus rhizome according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the line-spacing of planting of the outdoor cropping in the described step (4) is 1.5m~2.0m, and the cave is apart from 1.0m~1.5m, every 667m 22~3 of 1 of whole lotus root or sub-lotus roots are discharged in 300 caves, every cave.
4. the cultivation method of a kind of lotus rhizome according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the line-spacing of planting of arranging in the described step (4) is 1.2m~1.5m, and the cave is apart from 0.8m~1.0m, every 667m 22~3 of 1 of whole lotus root or sub-lotus roots are discharged in 300 caves, every cave.
5. the cultivation method of a kind of lotus rhizome according to claim 1 is characterized in that, adding the water proportioning for 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder frame, the 75% tpn wetting powder of preventing and treating rot in the described step (6) is 1:1:800.
6. the cultivation method of a kind of lotus rhizome according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the sugar-vinegar liquid that is used for trapping prodenia litura adult in the described step (6) is mixed by 6 portions of sugar, 3 portions of vinegar, 1 part of liquor, 10 parts of water and 1 part of 90% chlorophos.
CN2012104388500A 2012-11-07 2012-11-07 Cultivating method of lotus root Pending CN102960134A (en)

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CN105265148A (en) * 2015-10-25 2016-01-27 钟静海 Method for breeding freshwater shrimps in lotus pool
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CN105009902A (en) * 2015-07-28 2015-11-04 渠县金穗农业科技有限公司 Mixed interplant method for white peony root division breeding
CN105123233A (en) * 2015-09-08 2015-12-09 安徽华兴生态农业科技有限公司 High-yield planting method of lotus root
CN105145078A (en) * 2015-09-09 2015-12-16 安徽华兴生态农业科技有限公司 Lotus root planting method
CN105254366A (en) * 2015-09-22 2016-01-20 安徽光世农业科技股份有限公司 Selenium-rich lotus rhizome plantation technology
CN105265148A (en) * 2015-10-25 2016-01-27 钟静海 Method for breeding freshwater shrimps in lotus pool
CN105474958A (en) * 2015-11-27 2016-04-13 全椒县琪悦家庭农场 High-yield and high-quality cultivation method for lotus roots
CN105684706A (en) * 2016-02-18 2016-06-22 太仓市丰缘农场专业合作社 Planting method for achieving high yield of lotus roots
CN106818195A (en) * 2017-04-10 2017-06-13 盐城工学院 Lotus rhizome implantation methods
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CN110839495A (en) * 2019-11-25 2020-02-28 安徽金田种业有限公司 Processing method for cultivating lotus seeds by lotus roots
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