CN103329727A - Cultivation method of radix sophorae tonkinensis - Google Patents
Cultivation method of radix sophorae tonkinensis Download PDFInfo
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- CN103329727A CN103329727A CN2013103035760A CN201310303576A CN103329727A CN 103329727 A CN103329727 A CN 103329727A CN 2013103035760 A CN2013103035760 A CN 2013103035760A CN 201310303576 A CN201310303576 A CN 201310303576A CN 103329727 A CN103329727 A CN 103329727A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial cultivation method of radix sophorae tonkinensis and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicinal materials cultivation. The artificial cultivation method particularly comprises the following steps: selecting cultivated land, preparing soil, applying base fertilizer, transplanting, intertilling and weeding, fighting against drought and draining flooded fields, fertilizing, controlling pest, erecting braces, harvesting, processing and storing. According to the artificial cultivation method of radix sophorae tonkinensis, the seeding cultivation is adopted, large-area radix sophorae tonkinensis can be cultivated to form industrial production, the output is increased by 15% to 25%, the effective components are increased by 10% to 12%, the artificial cultivation method of radix sophorae tonkinensis can provide raw materials to medical industry in which injection solution for curing hepatitis, tablets for curing sore swollen throat and antineoplastic Chinese patent medicine are researched developed, the current situation that wild radix sophorae tonkinensis resource is exhausted is improved, the procedure is simple, and the operation is easy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Chinese medicinal herbs culture technique field, be specifically related to a kind of method of subprostrate sophora culture technique, belong to traditional Chinese medicine culture technique field.
Background technology
Subprostrate sophora, Latin is by name: Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis, also be root of subprostrate sophora, south beans root, be Dicotyledoneae leguminous plant sophora tonkinensis Gapnep, belong to natural crude drugs, medicinal part is root and rhizome, and excavate autumn, has clearing heat and detoxicating, the function of swelling and pain relieving, be used for the treatment of abscess of throat, gingivitis, breathing heavily full heat coughs, hepatitis, constipation, jaundice, diarrhea, haemorrhoids, mange and mosquito, worm, dog bites etc., phytomorph are shrub, high 1～2m, wild subprostrate sophora is born in limestone mountain region or the rock seam, main product Guangxi, also there is distribution in Yunnan and Guizhou, but output is less.
The medicinal part of subprostrate sophora is dry root and rhizome, except using as traditional traditional Chinese medicine, medical industry also with subprostrate sophora as raw material, a large amount of injections of developing treatment hepatitis, the tablet of abscess of throat and anti-swollen Chinese patent drug, therefore the demand of subprostrate sophora is increasing, but the Regional Distribution scope of subprostrate sophora is quite limited, often sporadicly grow among the tor rock seam, under field conditions (factors), the bloom damage by disease and insect of pod bearing period of subprostrate sophora is serious, naturally come off easily during seed maturity, therefore the natural propagation coefficient is extremely low, and in order to meet the need of market, obtains economic interests, people excavate wild subprostrate sophora resource in a large number, cause wild subprostrate sophora resource endangered, for satisfying the demand, people have to develop artificial cultivation technique, but present people cultivate the subprostrate sophora ubiquity and yield poorly, bad, active constituent content is few, the numerous and diverse defective of cultivation operation.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the objective of the invention is at problems of the prior art, a kind of culture technique method that improves subprostrate sophora output and active ingredient is provided, satisfy the medical industry raw materials requirement, solve wild subprostrate sophora resource exhaustion present situation.
Technical scheme: a kind of subprostrate sophora cultivation method of the present invention specifically may further comprise the steps:
1. milpa is selected: select the alkalescent sand loam plot that soil layer is deep, quality loose, draining is good, illumination is sufficient.
2. wholely: after choosing the plot, carry out the weeds cleaning in spring, cultivate entirely then and loosen the soil, deep plough 30 centimetres, hack is raked, and plays furrow, and furrow are wide 2 meters, and are high 15 ~ 20 centimetres, and ditch all around begins to rehearse.
3. apply fertilizer to the subsoil: apply base fertilizer, every mu of basal dressing (barnyard manure, turf ash, people hold excrement and mix) 3000 kg are spread on fertilizer on the furrow face equably, plough under in the soil layer with hoe.
4. transplant: more than height of seedling 10 cm, just can transplant, press seeding row spacing 40cm at whole good furrow face, open the cave with " product " font and become two row to transplant earthing.
5. intertill and clean tillage: it is slower that subprostrate sophora is transplanted in back 6 months growth fraction, and the plantation spacing in the rows is dredged, easy growth of weeds, be layered on the furrow face with straw, play preventing weeds propagation and widespread and soil moisture conservation effect, and after the field planting, intertill and clean tillage once every other month, during weeding for fear of its root of injury, same shallow hoe or dial with hand.
6. drought resisting and water drainage: for keeping ground moistening, be conducive to expanding of plant strain growth and root, running into timely trickle when day non-irrigated, soil moisture is excessive, root disease also taking place easily, also want timely draining in rainy season (back of pouring water), keeps definitely ponding can not being arranged in the furrow ditch.
7. fertilising:
1 year is the growth of seedling phase, executes secondary nitrogenous fertilizer (urea), and 5 grams were executed in each every strain, carried out sealing fertilizer since 1 year, and annual dispensing 2 times is executed after having removed grass 3～April for the 1st time, the 2nd 7～August in the fall, the each every strain 25g of amount of application.
8. integrated pest prevention and control technology
The main disease of subprostrate sophora is two big fungal diseases, i.e. root rot and southern blight, and insect pest mainly contains 4 kinds: moth stem snout moth's larva, lima bean pod borer, two spotted spider mite, coccid.Their method of preventing and treating is respectively:
(1) root rot: convert water with tpn at the initial stage of a disease and irritate root for 500 times;
(2) southern blight: their early stage is converted water with carbendazim and is irritated root or spraying for 800 times;
(3) moth stem snout moth's larva: catch the ovum phase of this worm and juvenile stage (4～June) to prevent and treat, convert 800 times of sprayings of water or mouthful pour into from moth with Le Siben;
(4) lima bean pod borer: note observing flowering stage the pregnant flower bud of subprostrate sophora, once discovery, convert 800～1200 times of sprayings of water with chlorophos;
(5) two spotted spider mite: their early stage 1200～1500 times of sprayings of Imidacloprid;
(6) coccid: convert 1200～1500 times of sprayings of water with Imidacloprid.
9. set up pillar: field planting is after 2 years, and subprostrate sophora plant branch has grown to 1～2 meter, and softness is easily sagging, at this moment must set up pillar, to increase ventilation and penetrating light, reduces damage by disease and insect and takes place, and promotes plant strain growth.
10. gather, process and preserve
Subprostrate sophora plantation was gathered after 3 years, and collecting season dug out root in 8～September, with secateurs with root and stem separately, the silt of root was cleaned, dry respectively or dry commodity, put drying, cool place, ventilation storage.
Beneficial effect: the present invention compared with prior art, its beneficial effect is:
The present invention adopts growing nursery and culture, but large tracts of land development subprostrate sophora cultivation, form industrialization, output improves 15%～25%, active ingredient improves 10%～12%, can supply raw materials for injection, the tablet of abscess of throat and the medical industry of antineoplastic Chinese patent drug of developing treatment hepatitis, solves wild subprostrate sophora resource exhaustion present situation, and operation is simple, easy operating.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the concrete example of implementing technical solution of the present invention is elaborated.
Implement the address: Ren He village, Long He township, Bose City Napo County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
1. milpa is selected: select the alkalescent sand loam plot that soil layer is deep, quality loose, draining is good, illumination is sufficient.
2. wholely: after choosing the plot, carry out the weeds cleaning in spring, cultivate entirely then and loosen the soil, deep plough 30 centimetres, hack is raked, and plays furrow, and furrow are wide 2 meters, and are high 15 ~ 20 centimetres, and ditch all around begins to rehearse.
3. apply fertilizer to the subsoil: apply base fertilizer, every mu of basal dressing (barnyard manure, turf ash, people hold excrement and mix) 3000 kg are spread on fertilizer on the furrow face equably, plough under in the soil layer with hoe.
4. transplant: more than height of seedling 10 cm, just can transplant, press seeding row spacing 40 cm at whole good furrow face, open the cave with " product " font and become two row to transplant earthing.
5. intertill and clean tillage: it is slower that subprostrate sophora is transplanted in back 6 months growth fraction, and the plantation spacing in the rows is dredged, easy growth of weeds, be layered on the furrow face with straw, play preventing weeds propagation and widespread and soil moisture conservation effect, and after the field planting, intertill and clean tillage once every other month, during weeding for fear of its root of injury, same shallow hoe or dial with hand.
6. drought resisting and water drainage: for keeping ground moistening, be conducive to expanding of plant strain growth and root, running into timely trickle when day non-irrigated, soil moisture is excessive, root disease also taking place easily, also want timely draining in rainy season (back of pouring water), keeps definitely ponding can not being arranged in the furrow ditch.
7. fertilising:
1 year is the growth of seedling phase, executes secondary nitrogenous fertilizer (urea), and 5 grams were executed in each every strain, carried out sealing fertilizer since 1 year, and annual dispensing 2 times is executed after having removed grass April for the 1st time, the 2nd July in the fall, the each every strain 25g of amount of application.
8. integrated pest prevention and control technology
The main disease of subprostrate sophora is two big fungal diseases, i.e. root rot and southern blight, and insect pest mainly contains 4 kinds: moth stem snout moth's larva, lima bean pod borer, two spotted spider mite, coccid.Their harm characteristics and the method for preventing and treating are respectively:
(1) root rot: pathogen is invaded by root, causes rottenly, and the water and nutrient transporting is obstructed, and acrial part is the wilting shape, and this disease all has generation the whole year, with summer, autumn be the serious emergence period, convert water with tpn at the initial stage of a disease and irritate root for 500 times;
(2) southern blight: cause harm basal part of stem and root, make the portion's lobe browning of being injured, advanced decay, this disease mainly takes place at high-temperature high humidity season, and their early stage is converted water with carbendazim and is irritated root or spraying for 800 times;
(3) moth stem snout moth's larva: the stem and the branch that bore the moth subprostrate sophora with larva, cause inner hollow fully, last acrial part is withered, adularescent strip effluent can be found in the strain ground that is injured, during control, catch ovum phase and the juvenile stage (4～June) of this worm to prevent and treat, convert the spraying of 800 times in water or mouthful pour into from moth with Le Siben;
(4) lima bean pod borer: the subprostrate sophora flowering fruit bearing stage, the lima bean pod borer larva is got the food beans in beanpod, and it is dried flat that beanpod is wilted, and no seed can be received, so note observing flowering stage the pregnant flower bud of subprostrate sophora, once discovery, converts 800～1200 times of sprayings of water with chlorophos;
(5) two spotted spider mite: this insect pest all can take place the whole year, mainly inhales in plant leaf back side thorn and causes harm, and makes face of blade irregular chlorisis occur and becomes white stigma, has a strong impact on photosynthesis, and prevention and treatment method is their early stage 1200～1500 times of sprayings of Imidacloprid;
(6) coccid: this worm all can be taken place the whole year, and the young tender position thorn that concentrates on the subprostrate sophora plant is inhaled and caused harm, and makes the tender leaf deformity of crispaturaing, and converts 1200～1500 times of sprayings of water with dichlorvos or Imidacloprid.
9. set up pillar: field planting is after 2 years, and subprostrate sophora plant branch has grown to 1～2 meter, and softness is easily sagging, at this moment must set up pillar, to increase ventilation and penetrating light, reduces damage by disease and insect and takes place, and promotes plant strain growth, and pillar is high 1 meter～and 1.5 meters.
10. gather, processing and storage technique:
The medicinal ingredient of subprostrate sophora is root and stem, based on root, price also than the stem costliness many.General plantation can be gathered in 3 years, but preferably gathered later in 4～5 years.Autumn 8, September, root is dug out, with secateurs with root and stem separately, the silt of root is cleaned, dry respectively or dry commodity, put drying, cool place, ventilation storage.
Experiment in cultivation this time, finished transplanting in 2009, gather in September, 2012,100 mu of test area, receive medicinal 3155 kilograms, 5249 kilograms on medicinal stem, medicinal per mu yield with medicinal stem reaches 315.5 kilograms and 524.9 kilograms respectively, than traditional extensive operation volume increase 22% and 18% of contrast, effect of increasing production is obvious.
Claims (3)
1. the method for subprostrate sophora cultivation is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) milpa is selected: select the alkalescent sand loam plot that soil layer is deep, quality loose, draining is good, illumination is sufficient;
(2) wholely: carry out the weeds cleaning in spring, cultivate entirely then and loosen the soil, deep plough 30 centimetres, hack is raked, and plays furrow, and furrow are wide 2 meters, and are high 15 ~ 20 centimetres, and ditch all around begins to rehearse;
(3) apply base fertilizer, every mu of basal dressing (barnyard manure, turf ash, people hold excrement and mix) 3000 kg are spread on fertilizer on the furrow face equably, plough under in the soil layer with hoe;
(4) transplant: more than height of seedling 10 cm, just can transplant, press seeding row spacing 40cm at whole good furrow face, open the cave with " product " font and become two row to transplant earthing;
(5) intertill and clean tillage: subprostrate sophora is transplanted the back and is layered on the furrow face with straw, and after the field planting, every other month intertill and clean tillage once, during weeding for fear of its root of injury, same shallow hoe or dial with hand;
(6) drought resisting and water drainage: running into timely trickle when day non-irrigated, also want timely draining in rainy season (back of pouring water), keep definitely ponding can not being arranged in the furrow ditch;
(7) fertilising;
(8) extermination of disease and insect pest;
(9) set up pillar;
(10) gather, process and preserve, subprostrate sophora plantation was gathered after 3 years, and collecting season dug out root in 8～September, with secateurs with root and stem separately, the silt of root was cleaned, dry respectively or dry commodity, put drying, cool place, ventilation storage.
2. subprostrate sophora cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described step (7) fertilising step is: (1) subprostrate sophora is transplanted training and was executed secondary nitrogenous fertilizer in back 1 year, and 5 grams are executed in each every strain; (2) carried out sealing fertilizer since 1 year, annual dispensing 2 times is executed after having removed grass April for the 1st time, the 2nd July in the fall, the each every strain 25g of amount of application.
3. subprostrate sophora cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described step (8) pest control method is: (1) prevents and treats root rot: convert water with tpn at the initial stage of a disease and irritate root for 500 times; (2) prevent and treat southern blight: their early stage is converted water with carbendazim and is irritated root or spraying for 800 times; (3) control moth stem snout moth's larva: catch the ovum phase of this worm and juvenile stage (4～June) to prevent and treat, convert 800 times of sprayings of water or mouthful pour into from moth with Le Siben; (4) control lima bean pod borer: note observing flowering stage the pregnant flower bud of subprostrate sophora, once discovery, convert 800～1200 times of sprayings of water with chlorophos; (5) control two spotted spider mite: their early stage 1200～1500 times of sprayings of Imidacloprid; (6) control coccid: convert 1200～1500 times of sprayings of water with Imidacloprid.
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| CN103891512A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-02 | 黄振忠 | Organic black bean cultivation method |
| CN103907462A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-07-09 | 黄振忠 | Organic black peanut cultivation method |
| CN104025892A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-10 | 黄振忠 | Suberect spatholobus stem cultivation method |
| CN104365358A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-02-25 | 广西大学 | Simple method for subprostrate sophora manual bagging and breeding |
| CN104604492A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-05-13 | 蒙柳宁 | Planting method of subprostrate sophora |
| CN105230425A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-13 | 安庆市毕架山林业有限公司 | Tree cultivation method |
| CN105409486A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2016-03-23 | 紫云自治县燎原中药材产业化种植专业合作社 | Seed breeding method for Sophora Subprostrata |
| CN105409620A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-03-23 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Method for improving content of effective medicinal components of sophoratonkinensis by applying rhizobia |
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| CN106508172A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-03-22 | 潘克稳 | Planting method of sophora tonkinensis |
| CN107624534A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-01-26 | 伊犁师范学院 | A kind of method that Sophora alopecuroide seedling is efficiently bred using rhizome |
| CN107646364A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-02-02 | 广西******旧塘家庭农场 | A kind of cuttage implantation methods of subprostrate sophora |
| CN108513852A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-11 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | A kind of method of karst forest interplanting Chinese medicine |
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| CN112119828A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2020-12-25 | 紫云县惠农种植养殖农民专业合作社 | Planting method of subprostrate sophora |
| CN112273178A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-29 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Efficient planting method for subprostrate sophora in karst mountain area |
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| CN103907462A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-07-09 | 黄振忠 | Organic black peanut cultivation method |
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| CN105409486B (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2019-02-26 | 紫云自治县燎原中药材产业化种植专业合作社 | A kind of seed growing method of subprostrate sophora |
| CN105409486A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2016-03-23 | 紫云自治县燎原中药材产业化种植专业合作社 | Seed breeding method for Sophora Subprostrata |
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| CN105960990A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-28 | 黄振忠 | Lysimachia foenum-graecum Hance paddy field cultivation method |
| CN106508172A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-03-22 | 潘克稳 | Planting method of sophora tonkinensis |
| CN107624534A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-01-26 | 伊犁师范学院 | A kind of method that Sophora alopecuroide seedling is efficiently bred using rhizome |
| CN107646364A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-02-02 | 广西******旧塘家庭农场 | A kind of cuttage implantation methods of subprostrate sophora |
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| CN110122232B (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2022-08-05 | 紫云自治县长萌农业科技开发有限责任公司 | Cultivation method for improving fruit setting rate and yield of subprostrate sophora seeds |
| CN108513852A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-11 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | A kind of method of karst forest interplanting Chinese medicine |
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| CN112119828A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2020-12-25 | 紫云县惠农种植养殖农民专业合作社 | Planting method of subprostrate sophora |
| CN112273178A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-29 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Efficient planting method for subprostrate sophora in karst mountain area |
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Application publication date: 20131002 |