CN103782774A - Large-scale peppermint planting and peppermint oil extracting method - Google Patents
Large-scale peppermint planting and peppermint oil extracting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103782774A CN103782774A CN201410041960.2A CN201410041960A CN103782774A CN 103782774 A CN103782774 A CN 103782774A CN 201410041960 A CN201410041960 A CN 201410041960A CN 103782774 A CN103782774 A CN 103782774A
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- 235000004357 Mentha x piperita Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 244000246386 Mentha pulegium Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 235000016257 Mentha pulegium Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 235000001050 hortel pimenta Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 239000001525 mentha piperita l. herb oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 235000019477 peppermint oil Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOMSMJKLGFBRBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentazone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NS(=O)(=O)N(C(C)C)C(=O)C2=C1 ZOMSMJKLGFBRBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MFSWTRQUCLNFOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-(4-{[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy}phenoxy)propanoate Chemical group C1=CC(OC(C)C(=O)OC)=CC=C1OC1=NC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1Cl MFSWTRQUCLNFOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000014749 Mentha crispa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000078639 Mentha spicata Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001771 mentha piperita Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001072983 Mentha Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018978 Mentha arvensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000245214 Mentha canadensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016278 Mentha canadensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006685 Mentha cardiaca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000024873 Mentha crispa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001878 Mentha haplocalyx Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000280293 Mentha haplocalyx Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001479543 Mentha x piperita Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001183990 Mesosphaerum suaveolens Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001024099 Olla Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007495 Oswego tea Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005591 Pendimethalin Substances 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037805 labour Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001220 mentha spicata Substances 0.000 description 1
- CHIFOSRWCNZCFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pendimethalin Chemical compound CCC(CC)NC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C)C(C)=C1[N+]([O-])=O CHIFOSRWCNZCFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- YZHUMGUJCQRKBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O YZHUMGUJCQRKBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-scale peppermint planting and peppermint oil extracting method. The method includes the steps that 1 peppermint seedlings are cultivated; 2, each seedling is cut into N sections of small seedlings, it is guaranteed that each section of small seedling is provided with a shoot, and cultivation is continued; 3, the seedlings are transplanted into a greenhouse; 4, seedlings are raised by cutting; 5, the peppermint seedlings are transplanted into a field; 6, all peppermint roots in the field are taken out; 7, the peppermint roots are sowed into an outdoor field; 8, irrigation is performed on peppermint; 9, fertilization is conducted on the peppermint; 10, weeding is conducted; 11, harvesting is conducted after florets bloom on spica of the peppermint; 12, peppermint distillation is conducted; 13, peppermint oil is obtained. The method can be adapted to large-scale peppermint planting and peppermint oil production, and is high in efficiency and yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to peppermint field of planting, in particular, relate to the efficient high yield peppermint plantation of a kind of scale and peppermint oil extracting method.
Background technology
Several peppermint cultivated speciess of commonly using both at home and abroad at present, comprise American mint (formal name used at school is Mentha piperita Linn.), asia peppermint (formal name used at school is Mentha haplocalyx Briq. or Mentha arvensis Linn.), spearmint (formal name used at school is Mentha spicata Linn.), the kinds such as Scotland spearmint (formal name used at school is Mentha cardiaca Linn).They are the cultivars that belongs to Labiatae Mentha, owing to containing volatile terpenoid in its blade, therefore can therefrom extract peppermint essential oil and spearmint essential oil, and its essential oil is widely used in food, cosmetics, tobacco and medicine and other fields.China is among the people the cultivation of peppermint and the extraction history of peppermint oil very early, but leads to the small-scale plantation that Chan Doushiyi family is unit and produce.The cultivated area of single family is little, generally in left and right, 10 mu of ground.Corresponding peppermint oil extracting mode is also more original, and the general olla that is similar to white liquor distilling that adopts extracts.Such mode of production obviously cannot meet industrial age for this raw-material demand of peppermint oil.
Carry out the peppermint plantation of scale and extract with peppermint oil, need the technical problem underlying solving to have sowing, field management, results and peppermint oil to distill this four processes.The first, the sowing of peppermint mainly relies on peppermint kind root.Be exactly particularly after peppermint is positioned to underground abnormal stem and digs out, then be seeded into new the inside, soil.This species transformation stem, is commonly referred to as kind of a root, underground because it is positioned at, and form and root are similar.In botany category, it is actually a species transformation form of peppermint stem.How in the short period of time, obtain sufficient amount, high-quality kind root, and these kind of root planted in soil, be the subject matter that this link faces.The second, for the peppermint plantation of scale, the importance of field management is self-evident.How reasonably to irrigate, fertilising and weeding, be three central task of field management, be also its technical barrier facing.The 3rd, to the harvest season, how effective ground gets up peppermint grass results ripe in soil, and this relates to again the time point of results, the technical problem such as mode and method of results.In addition, in peppermint process of growth, a large amount of peppermint oils is also contained in the peppermint leaf the inside of dropping on the ground, and how these peppermint blades being collected is also a technical barrier.The 4th, as how lower cost, the peppermint grass of results is in enormous quantities distilled within the short time of regulation, to obtain high oil recovery and best peppermint oil quality, be the main difficult technical that this link faces.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the technical problem existing in above-mentioned prior art, a kind of scale peppermint plantation and peppermint oil extracting method are provided, can adapt to extensive (the more than 500 mu cultivated area) plantation of peppermint and the production of peppermint oil, and efficient high yield.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of scale peppermint plantation and peppermint oil extracting method, comprise that step is as follows:
Step 1: in the some strains of artificial cultivation indoor culture peppermint seedling;
Step 2: in the time that peppermint seedling grows tall, each strain seedling is cut into the little seedling of N section, guarantees that each section little seedling has bud in the above, continue to put into artificial cultivation indoor culture, through this step, original some strain seedlings can be increased to N doubly, wherein N >=3;
Step 3: the seedling that step 2 is obtained is transplanted in green house according to certain spacing in the rows and line-spacing;
Step 4: the peppermint seedling obtaining take step 3 is raw material, carries out cuttage and seedling culture, cultivates peppermint seedling;
Step 5: the peppermint seedling that step 4 is cultivated is transplanted to large field according to certain spacing in the rows and line-spacing;
Step 6: after growth after a while, peppermint kind root, in underground formation, at this moment all takes out the peppermint kind root in large field;
Step 7: according to a line spacing, the peppermint kind root taking out in step 6 is seeded into the large Tanaka of open country to be sowed;
Step 8: peppermint is irrigated according to the needed water yield in peppermint process of growth;
Step 9: peppermint is applied fertilizer according to needed fertilizing amount in peppermint process of growth;
Step 10: kill the weeds in peppermint process of growth;
Step 11: after the little Hua on the spike of peppermint has and blooms, start to gather in;
Step 12: carry out peppermint distillation work;
Step 13: adopt peppermint oil stram condenser and peppermint oil separator, obtain peppermint oil.
The beneficial effect that the present invention brings is as follows:
The one, scale, the present invention can make the main body of peppermint plantation, no matter is individual, unit or company, can carry out to scale plantation and the peppermint oil activity in production of peppermint, and the scale effect of managing is maximized;
The 2nd, cost is low, owing to having adopted a large amount of new technologies, the invention enables peppermint grower can no longer employ a large amount of labours to produce, but farthest carries out mechanized operation, greatly reduces production cost;
The 3rd, efficient, the invention enables peppermint grower from grow seedlings s, rapidly cultivated area to be expanded to 500 mu of above scales, formation benefit, has overcome the agricultural production slow shortcoming that has high input, brings benefits.
Embodiment
By specific embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below.
One embodiment of the invention illustrates to plant 500 mu of peppermints, implements according to following steps:
Step 1: the mode of cultivating by tissue, in approximately 2000 strains of artificial cultivation indoor culture peppermint high quality seedling;
Step 2: grow tall when high to 6-9 centimetre until peppermint seedling, each strain seedling is cut into three sections of little seedlings, guarantee that each section little seedling has bud in the above, then each section little seedling is all transplanted in seedling-cultivating tray, cover transparent vinyl cover to seedling-cultivating tray again, then continue to put into artificial cultivation indoor culture, through this step, original 2000 strain seedlings can be become to 6000 strains;
Step 3: the 6000 strain seedlings that step 2 is obtained are transplanted in approximately 400 square metres of green houses according to the spacing in the rows of 25 centimetres and the line-spacing of 25 centimetres;
Step 4: the peppermint seedling obtaining take step 3 is raw material, carries out cuttage and seedling culture, cultivates approximately 380,000 strain peppermint seedlings;
Step 5: 380,000 strain peppermint seedlings are transplanted to the large field of approximately 50 mu, line-spacing is 35 centimetres, and spacing in the rows is 25 centimetres;
Step 6: after growth in 3-4 month, peppermint kind root, in underground formation, at this moment adopts peppermint kind root digging machine, and the peppermint kind root in 50 mu of large fields of open country is all taken out;
Step 7: 500 mu of large Tanakas of open country to be sowed, apply fertilizer to the subsoil with the amount of 5 kilograms of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizers according to 20 kilograms of every mu of application of phosphoric acid two ammoniums, also to use weed killer herbicide Pendimethalin according to the consumption of every mu of 140 grams of active ingredients in addition, then adopt peppermint kind root sower, according to 50 centimetres of line-spacings, peppermint kind root is seeded into 500 mu of large Tanakas of open country;
Step 8: according to the peppermint season of growth gross water requirement of 1000 cubic metres/mu, deduct the precipitation in local April to July, obtain needing the water yield of man-made irrigation, be evenly distributed in the middle of peppermint growth season in April 1 to approximately 100 days on the 10th July, irrigate according to every frequency of watering a water for 10 days, for example, inquiry obtains planting the precipitation in local April to July and is generally 525 millimeters, converting every mu of precipitation obtaining is 350 cubic metres, the water yield that manually should irrigate is 1000 cubic metres and deducts 350 cubic metres, it is 650 cubic metres/mu, so, since April 1, irrigated a water every 10 days, stopped to July 10, 10 times altogether, each water yield of irrigating is 65 cubic metres/mu,
Step 9: peppermint grows to 10 centimetres of heights of seedling, should topdress for the first time, adopt topdress 5 kilograms, urea of every mu of cultivator-fertilizer, peppermint grows to 30 centimetres of heights of seedling, at this moment should topdress for the second time, adopts topdress 7 kilograms, urea of every mu of cultivator-fertilizer, peppermint grows to 50 centimetres of heights of seedling, at this moment should topdress for the last time, in conjunction with watering, 13 kilograms, urea is executed in every mu of punching;
Step 10: in peppermint two leaf stage, 3 to 5 leaf phases of grassy weed, 90 milliliters of every mu of use 10.8% haloxyfop-methyl missible oils are prevented and kill off perennial grassy weed, be watered even spraying and kill grassy weed, 3 to the 4 leaf phases after broadleaf weed seedling, 250 milliliters of every mu of use 48% Bentazon liquors, being watered spraying and killing broadleaf weed;
Step 11: before and after August 5, the little Hua on the spike of peppermint starts to gather in after having 30% to bloom, at this moment the peppermint grass of harvesting has the peppermint oil of performance optimal, oil yield is also higher, adopts peppermint distillation car to collect and transport when harvesting, guarantees to have gathered in the crops in 20 days;
Step 12: after normal harvest, adopt peppermint blade recycling machine that the peppermint blade dropping is on the ground reclaimed, then carry out follow-up distillation work;
Step 13: the peppermint grass of results and the peppermint blade reclaiming, distill car by peppermint immediately and be transported to distillation place, the steam that adopts high-pressure boiler to produce passes in distillation railway carriage, then adopts vertical peppermint oil stram condenser and peppermint oil separator, obtains peppermint oil;
Step 14: in the peppermint oil obtaining is poured at the bottom of peppermint oil stillpot, precipitation 24 as a child, packs the peppermint oil of having removed impurity and moisture in pail pack into, and the production of peppermint oil finishes.
Above-described embodiment is only for the present invention is described, but and is not used in the protection domain that limits claim.Every equivalents of carrying out on the basis of technical solution of the present invention and improvement, all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the plantation of scale peppermint and a peppermint oil extracting method, is characterized in that, comprises that step is as follows:
Step 1: in the some strains of artificial cultivation indoor culture peppermint seedling;
Step 2: in the time that peppermint seedling grows tall, each strain seedling is cut into the little seedling of N section, guarantees that each section little seedling has bud in the above, continue to put into artificial cultivation indoor culture, through this step, original some strain seedlings can be increased to N doubly, wherein N >=3;
Step 3: the seedling that step 2 is obtained is transplanted in green house according to certain spacing in the rows and line-spacing;
Step 4: the peppermint seedling obtaining take step 3 is raw material, carries out cuttage and seedling culture, cultivates peppermint seedling;
Step 5: the peppermint seedling that step 4 is cultivated is transplanted to large field according to certain spacing in the rows and line-spacing;
Step 6: after growth after a while, peppermint kind root, in underground formation, at this moment takes out the peppermint kind root in large field;
Step 7: according to a line spacing, the peppermint kind root taking out in step 6 is seeded into the large Tanaka of open country to be sowed;
Step 8: peppermint is irrigated according to the needed water yield in peppermint process of growth;
Step 9: peppermint is applied fertilizer according to needed fertilizing amount in peppermint process of growth;
Step 10: kill the weeds in peppermint process of growth;
Step 11: after the little Hua on the spike of peppermint has and blooms, start to gather in;
Step 12: carry out peppermint distillation work;
Step 13: adopt peppermint oil stram condenser and peppermint oil separator, obtain peppermint oil.
2. scale peppermint plantation according to claim 1 and peppermint oil extracting method, is characterized in that, also comprises step 14: the peppermint oil obtaining is removed to impurity and moisture.
3. scale peppermint plantation according to claim 1 and peppermint oil extracting method, is characterized in that, described step 7 adopts peppermint kind root sower that peppermint kind root is seeded into the large Tanaka of open country to be sowed.
4. scale peppermint plantation according to claim 1 and peppermint oil extracting method, is characterized in that described step 7, before peppermint kind root is seeded into open country land for growing field crops to be sowed, applies fertilizer to the subsoil and cuts weeds open country land for growing field crops.
5. scale peppermint plantation according to claim 1 and peppermint oil extracting method; it is characterized in that; the concrete grammar of described step 8 is: according to the peppermint season of growth gross water requirement of 1000 cubic metres/mu; deduct the precipitation in local April to July; obtain needing the water yield of man-made irrigation; be evenly distributed in the middle of peppermint growth season in April 1 to approximately 100 days on the 10th July, irrigated according to every frequency of watering a water for 10 days.
6. scale peppermint plantation according to claim 1 and peppermint oil extracting method; it is characterized in that, the concrete grammar of described step 9 is: peppermint grows to 10 centimetres of heights of seedling, topdresses for the first time; adopt topdress 5 kilograms, urea of every mu of cultivator-fertilizer; peppermint grows to 30 centimetres of heights of seedling, topdresses for the second time, adopts topdress 7 kilograms, urea of every mu of cultivator-fertilizer; peppermint grows to 50 centimetres of heights of seedling; topdress for the last time, in conjunction with watering, 13 kilograms, urea is executed in every mu of punching.
7. scale peppermint plantation according to claim 1 and peppermint oil extracting method; it is characterized in that; the concrete grammar of described step 10 is: in peppermint two leaf stage, 3 to 5 leaf phases of grassy weed; 90 milliliters of every mu of use 10.8% haloxyfop-methyl missible oils are prevented and kill off perennial grassy weed; be watered even spraying and kill grassy weed; 3 to the 4 leaf phases after broadleaf weed seedling, 250 milliliters of every mu of use 48% Bentazon liquors, being watered spraying and killing broadleaf weed.
8. scale peppermint plantation according to claim 1 and peppermint oil extracting method; it is characterized in that; the concrete grammar of described step 11 is: after the little Hua on the spike of peppermint has 30% to bloom; start to gather in; when harvesting, adopt peppermint distillation car to collect and transport, guarantee to have gathered in the crops in 20 days.
9. scale peppermint plantation according to claim 1 and peppermint oil extracting method, is characterized in that, the concrete grammar of described step 12 is: adopt peppermint blade recycling machine that the peppermint blade dropping is on the ground reclaimed, then carry out follow-up distillation work.
10. scale peppermint plantation according to claim 1 and peppermint oil extracting method; it is characterized in that; the concrete grammar of described step 13 is: by the peppermint grass of results and the peppermint blade reclaiming; distill car by peppermint immediately and be transported to distillation place; the steam that adopts high-pressure boiler to produce passes in distillation railway carriage; then adopt vertical peppermint oil stram condenser and peppermint oil separator, obtain peppermint oil.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104560400A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for extracting peppermint oil |
| CN105647646A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-06-08 | 安徽银丰药业股份有限公司 | Mint leaf extraction technology |
| CN107821048A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-23 | 界首市天艺农民专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods for improving Herba Menthae Haplocalycis volatile oil content |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN104560400A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for extracting peppermint oil |
| CN105647646A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-06-08 | 安徽银丰药业股份有限公司 | Mint leaf extraction technology |
| CN107821048A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-23 | 界首市天艺农民专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods for improving Herba Menthae Haplocalycis volatile oil content |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103782774B (en) | 2016-01-06 |
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