CN103740767B - A kind of preprocess method that improves stalk biomass anaerobic digestion efficiency - Google Patents
A kind of preprocess method that improves stalk biomass anaerobic digestion efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN103740767B CN103740767B CN201410048960.5A CN201410048960A CN103740767B CN 103740767 B CN103740767 B CN 103740767B CN 201410048960 A CN201410048960 A CN 201410048960A CN 103740767 B CN103740767 B CN 103740767B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to abandoned biomass recycling field. The present invention discloses a kind of preprocess method that improves crop material anaerobic digestion speed, mainly solve long, the problem such as digestive efficiency is low of current crop material anaerobic digestion cycle, directly stalk bundling after process in field is deposited, thereby reduce biogas engineering floor space, reduce investment etc., can increase gas production, economic benefit is good simultaneously. These preprocess method concrete steps are: after the whole stalk results of stalk, at field natural air drying, make moisture content reach 35%～40%; Carry out chemical treatment with fermentation inhibitor, leavening use amount is 300～400mL/100kg raw material, reduces pH value; After acidification, use mechanical ramming bundling, straw bundle density is about 130～140kg/m3; Again with film by straw bundle environmental sealing, the storage time is 20～30 days; Get micro-storage stalk and seed sludge, proportionally after 1:10 inoculation, carry out anaerobic digestion reaction, reaction temperature is 38～40 DEG C, and the reaction time is 15～20 days. This technology has a extensive future on straw methane engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technology that improves stalk biomass anaerobic digestion efficiency, this technology can be extensiveBe applied to straw methane engineering system.
Background technology
Agricultural straw resource is renewable resource the abundantest on the earth, seeks it and efficiently utilizes, alwaysBy numerous scholars are paid close attention to. According to incomplete estimation, the whole world can produce nearly 2,000,000,000 tons of stalks every year, and ChinaAgricultural crop straw annual production is about 6～700,000,000 tons of left and right, occupies first of the world, and with corn, wheat and paddy strawStalk is main, accounts for 80% of total stalk output. Remove for papermaking, feed or feedstuff and make fertile also fieldOutward, the 3.7 hundred million tons of stalks of also having an appointment can be used as energy substance and are used.
Agricultural crop straw is a kind of important biomass energy that is rich in organic matter (80%～90%), woodenContent of cellulose is relatively high, and anaerobe to the degraded digestion power of lignocellulosic relatively a little less than,Thereby causing stalk hydrolysis slowly, hydrolysis degree is low, and then affects follow-up acidifying and gasification, finalShow as the restriction problems such as anaerobic digestion time is long, digestibility is low, gas production is few, input-output efficiency is poor.
In addition, in the natural pond slag after fermentation, contain the very lignin of high-load, fail rationally to be utilized, makeBecome the wasting of resources. Therefore, stalk is carried out to Rational Pre processing and seem particularly important. Stalk preconditioning technique refers toMake stalk limber up, loosen by certain technical method, internal structure changes, and is beneficial to anaerobism micro-Biological decomposition utilizes.
Related data shows, the preconditioning technique of stalk comprise physical method, chemical method, biological method,Physical chemistry method. Researcher is obtaining certain entering aspect monotechnics pretreatment agricultural crop straw at presentExhibition, the research of United Technologies is at the early-stage. Wherein, physical chemistry method is effective a kind of United Technologies, thingReason and chemical method combination, carry out pretreated method to agricultural crop straw jointly. At present, physical chemistry method isBe the novel a kind of straw pretreatment method growing up in recent years, research is few.
Day by day exhausted at fossil fuel, energy resources crisis increases the weight of increasingly today, the novel biomass energyExploitation become the focus and emphasis of research. How to break through key technology, utilize biomass-making for biogasIt is a good developing direction. Straw methane engineering due to can realize agricultural wastes resource circulation utilization,Improve rural environment and reduction of greenhouse gas discharge, solve feces of livestock and poultry biogas engineering and asked by region and raw material restriction etc.Topic, is subject to country and extensively payes attention to, and promotes rapidly throughout the country in recent years.
For the problems such as fermentation efficiency is low in straw methane fermentation process, Planning Design Inst., Ministry of Agricultry certainlyThe main stalk integrated two-phase anaerobic digestion process technology of having researched and developed, and be suitable by silage making process modificationIn the preconditioning technique of straw anaerobic digestion, from 2009 so far this technique in Tianjin, Shandong, Shaanxi,The ground such as Shanxi, Zhejiang, Hubei are applied nearly more than 30, and operational effect is good.
But from the applicable cases of this technique, the fermentation tank scale of straw methane engineering is all little, volumeHow at 500～1500m3Between, reason is to configure silage silo, for ensureing the stability of raw material, ensilingPool volume requires to hold stalk consumption in the results season, and floor space is large. Taking fermentation tank scale as 1000m3Biogas engineering be example, ensiling stalks 10t (about 15m approximately can dissolve every day3), within 1 year, calculate by operation, joinCover silage silo volume needs 5400m3, take up an area about 1500m2. Therefore, in traditional field, ensiling way is seriously madeApproximately the large-scale development of such biogas engineering.
Meanwhile, No. 1 file of the Ministry of Agriculture (2013) is listed political affairs in by setting up stalk field collection systemMansion important process, under this background, exploitation is suitable for the bundling that can disperse in field storage of straw anaerobic digestionEnsiling preconditioning technique, meets stalk field and processes and store, and convenes the scale of engineering for promotion stalkSustainable development is significant.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the long deficiency of straw anaerobic digestion period in existing straw methane engineering, provideAccelerate a method for straw anaerobic digestion rate, the method is short reaction time, and cost is low, can increase simultaneouslyAdd gas production, there is good economic benefit.
The object of the invention is to realize by following measures:
Improve a method for the technology of straw anaerobic digestive efficiency, its concrete steps are:
Step 1: after the whole stalk results of stalk, ask natural air drying in field, make moisture content reach 35%～40%;
Step 2: carry out acidification with fermentation inhibitor, use amount is 300～400mL/100kg raw material;
Step 3: use mechanical bundling after chemical treatment, every straw bundle density is about 130～140kg/m3；
Step 4: again with plastic film by straw bundle environmental sealing, micro-storage time is 20～30 days;
Step 5: get stalk and seed sludge, according to carrying out anaerobic digestion reaction after ratio inoculation in 1: 10, anti-Answering temperature is 38～40 DEG C, and the time is 15～20 days.
Object of the present invention can also realize by following measures:
In step 1, after the whole stalk results of stalk, be laid in field, thickness is no more than 30cm, preferably passes through fieldNatural air drying mode reduces moisture content.
In step 2, fermentation inhibitor comprises sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, formaldehyde etc.
In step 3, use special straw baler bundling, straw bundle density is at 130～140kg/m3Between.
In step 4, straw bundle need to seal rear micro-storage with plastic sheeting for farm use, and the time is 20～30 days.
Stalk in step 5 after micro-storage and seed sludge are inoculated in the ratio of 1: 10, and reaction temperature is38～40 DEG C, the reaction time is 15～20 days.
In step 5, postvaccinal stalk enters anaerobic digestion reaction vessel and carries out anaerobic digestion reaction.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has compared to existing technology:
The invention provides a kind of preprocess method of brand-new raising crop material anaerobic digestion efficiency, concreteSay, utilize exactly fermentation inhibitor and stalk bundling method crop material to be carried out to micro-storage in field, improve and doThe biodegradability of thing stalk, reduces loss organic in stalk, and is beneficial to follow-up hydrolysis and anaerobic digestion,Thereby improve the anaerobic digestion speed of stalk. Fermentation inhibitor (comprise sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, formic acid, acetic acid,Propionic acid, formaldehyde etc.) airtight sealing up for safekeeping after Treating straw, can generate in a short time the acid of suitable lactic acid bacteria propagationProperty environment, the pH value that makes stalk drops to 6.54 from 7.34, containment is unfavorable for that the physiology of the bacterium of micro-storage livesMoving, micro-storage time is about 20 days, than the micro-storage time decreased of routine about 5 days. Compared with the control, thingMaterial TS brings up to 69% (20 days micro-storage time), 74% (30 days micro-storage time) from 65%, is reducingWhen micro-storage time, preservation object material nutrient material to greatest extent.
When the micro-storage of crop material, moisture control is between 35%～45%, and this moisture content is conducive to reduce nutrientsMatter is oozed out with water, can not dilute the acidity of raw material, is also conducive to discharge the air in material, is convenient to compacting and beatsBundle, easily forms sour environment and anaerobic environment as early as possible, thereby suppresses harmful microbe growth, strengthens breastThe activity of acid bacterium, increases lactic acid content, avoids stalk mouldy smelly, ensures the good quality of micro-material storage material.
This preprocess method has changed the first chopping pretreatment of micro-storage again in the micro-storage mode of straw methane engineering traditionMethod, i.e. after stalk chemical treatment, whole stalk, at field machinery bundling, seals rear outdoor storage in field,Can realize scale collection and the pretreatment of biogas engineering stalk in field, thereby reduce biogas engineering green grass or young cropsStorage pond floor space, has reduced biogas engineering construction investment. In addition, stalk micro storage process need anaerobic environment,Research shows, pH value, lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and the butyric acid content of bundling density on raw material has impact,Thereby affect the quality of raw material, therefore, the packing of this method after to stalk bundling is optimized, suitableValue scope is 130～140kg/m3, the packing after optimization is more conducive to the formation of micro-storage stage material anaerobic environment,Reduce material nutrient loss. Be 35% at moisture content, packing is 130kg/m3, add under formic acid condition,Stalk micro storage can complete micro-storage in 20 days, and accumulative total biogas output is brought up to 302mL/g from 36.3mL/g, increasesOctuple many, methane gas producing speed is brought up to 23.2mL/g/d from 3.0mL/g.d, has increased by 7.7 times. It is visible,Adopt the method stalk to be carried out to micro-storage pretreatment in field, can improve stalk aerogenesis effect and anaerobic digestionEfficiency, removes silage silo from, and save biogas engineering fixed investment, but also can obtain more energy gas,There is good economic benefit. In addition, compared with additive method, stalk of the present invention is after the natural air drying of fieldThe micro-storage of bundling, has the energy of saving, reduces the advantages such as biogas engineering floor space, therefore have positive environmentBenefit.
Therefore, the present invention is used for to straw methane engineering treatment process, especially as the integrated two-phase of stalkThe supporting preprocess method of anaerobic digestion process technology, has good economic benefit and environmental benefit, applicationProspect is very wide.
Detailed description of the invention
In order better to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is elaborated, not detailedAdd explanation by state of the art. The scope of protection of present invention is not singly limited to the model that embodiment representsEnclose:
Embodiment 1:
Test stalk is the rear maize straw of harvesting, moisture content 70% left and right, and pH value is 7.34. Corn stalkAfter stalk results, spread out in field, thickness is about 30cm, through about 20 days naturally expose to the weather, jadeRice moisture content of straws approximately reaches 35%～40%, without regulating humidity; Molten to formic acid on stalk with sprayerLiquid (30%), evenly sprays twice, and stalk pH value drops to 6.54 from 7.34. Beat by special corn stalkBundle machine compresses bundling, and the specification of straw bundle is 56cm × 41cm × 33cm (length × wide × height), heavy 12kg.After bundling, adopt polyethylene stretching preservative film to be wound around four layers of stretched film to straw bundle, seal, thenStacking is preserved. Micro-storage is after 20 days, and stalk and seed sludge enter anaerobic digestion reaction vessel according to 1: 10 ratio,38 DEG C of condition bottom fermentations, reactor volume is 2000mL, the temperature of anaerobic reaction adopts thermostat water bath control.The anaerobic reaction cycle is 13 days, measures gas production every day. After reaction finishes, compared with control experiment, micro-storageThe stalk material cumulative gas of 20 days has increased by 7 times, and every day, Unit Weight stalk gas production increased by 7 times.
Embodiment 2:
Change the stalk micro storage time in embodiment 1 into 30 days, 13 days anaerobic reaction cycles, other behaviourMake condition constant. Measure gas production every day, after reaction finishes, compared with control experiment, micro-storage straw of 30 daysStalk material cumulative gas has increased by 8.3 times, and every day, Unit Weight stalk gas production increased by 7.7 times.
Claims (3)
1. improve a preprocess method for straw anaerobic digestive efficiency, its feature comprises the following steps:
Step 1: after the whole stalk results of stalk, at field natural air drying, make moisture content reach 35%～40%;
Step 2: carry out acidification with fermentation inhibitor, use amount is 300～400mL/100kg raw material;
Step 3: use mechanical bundling after chemical treatment, straw bundle density is at 130～140kg/m3;
Step 4: again with plastic sheeting by straw bundle environmental sealing, micro-storage time is 20～30 days;
Step 5: get stalk and seed sludge, proportionally 1: 10, after inoculation, carry out mesophilic anaerobic digestion, react 15～20 days.
2. the method for raising straw anaerobic digestion rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that fermentation inhibitor described in step 2 is formic acid, and sour use amount is controlled at 300～400mL/100kg raw material.
3. the method for raising straw anaerobic digestion rate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 5 that postvaccinal stalk enters anaerobic digestion reaction vessel carries out anaerobic digestion.
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| CN105016798A (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2015-11-04 | 王羲元 | Multifunctional crop straw turf production and preparation method |
| CN104399735B (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2017-07-07 | 甘肃新德燃气有限公司 | A kind of preprocess method of stalk biomass |
| CN106701838A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-05-24 | 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Alfalfa anaerobic fermentation production process |
| CN108624625A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2018-10-09 | 华东理工大学 | A kind of lignocellulosic material supply model being suitable for Large Scale Biology refining |
| CN108949835B (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2020-12-25 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method for improving high-solid anaerobic digestion methane production of straws |
| CN112592015B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-05-27 | 同济大学 | Method for promoting anaerobic digestion of sludge to produce methane |
| WO2022246546A1 (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-01 | Iogen Corporation | Converting cellulosic biomass to fuel |
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| 不同处理秸秆中温厌氧发酵的产气效果;周玮 等;《中国沼气》;20101231;第28卷(第3期);第22-24页 * |
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