CN105016798A - Multifunctional crop straw turf production and preparation method - Google Patents
Multifunctional crop straw turf production and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105016798A CN105016798A CN201410165443.6A CN201410165443A CN105016798A CN 105016798 A CN105016798 A CN 105016798A CN 201410165443 A CN201410165443 A CN 201410165443A CN 105016798 A CN105016798 A CN 105016798A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional crop straw turf production and preparation method, which comprises the steps of mechanically grinding straws; treating with a preservative; mechanically rolling; and carrying out secondary fermentation and storage, so as to obtain multifunctionally utilized biological turf, wherein the preservative is one of 'Em' fungicide, urea and formaldehyde, or a combination of 'Em' fungicide, urea and formaldehyde. The invention also provides application of the turf prepared by using the preparation method of the multifunctional crop straw turf in the aspect of biomass recycle. The turf can be used as a biofertilizer, a biological feed, biological fuel, an edible fungi base stock, a biological fibreboard and an energy material. The multifunctional turf is wide in raw material resource and low in price; the preparation method is simple and convenient and low in cost, can achieve the purpose of attractive price and quality, and is a good method which is adopted by various regions; the big problem of straw utilization is solved, and a new economic way for rural development is initiated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to new biological material resource, particularly relate to the preparation of a kind of biomass peat composed of rotten mosses prepared by crop material, particularly the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of a kind of agricultural crop straw is produced and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
On the earth, the stalk of various careless class, woody is renewable energy source the abundantest in the world.According to incompletely statistics, annual whole world stalk output about 2,900,000,000 tons.China is large agricultural country, and annual multiple cropping area is maximum, and annual stalk output occupies first of the world, reaches 700,000,000 tons, accounts for about 25% of world's total amount.
Stalk, as Biological resources, is had many uses, such as: the wheat straw, reed etc. of paper grade (stock); The corn stalk of feed, beans, potato class stalk.Cotton stalk, grain straw that making sheet is industrial.As the energy, current stalk mainly for people as various fuel.According to parties concerned's statistics, China's stalk accounts for 3.2% for papermaking, and livestock feed accounts for 23.4%, nature loss 15%, and life in the countryside fuel and field are burned and accounted for 58.3% of total amount.Waste quantity is 4.67 hundred million tons, and causes serious environmental pollution and harm.
Such as: railway, national highway are along the line, drome is neighbouring, the burning of stalk affects the normal operation of traffic and flight; City suburbs crop straw burning, causes the topsoil in city, all causes very large harm to civic life, health, work and physical and mental health.How these resources are reasonably used, free from environmental pollution again, be the difficult problem that modern agriculture faces.At present, for how the research of stalk Appropriate application mainly being concentrated on following three aspects: 1. direct by straw-returning, to increase soil fertility, but unfavorable to this season crop.2. utilize microbial fermentation of crops stalks, produce protein fodder, but utilisation technology imperfection.3. produce alcohol and methane with stalk, economic benefit is uneconomical.And application process and usage quantity are all subject to certain restrictions, basic problem can not be solved.
1. large quantities of stalk causes waste to be well do not utilize.Example enters: stalk itself contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition element and abundant biomass, can manufacture good organic fertilizer, helps agricultural produce, particularly biomass to be basic nutrition materials that China's soil extremely lacks.Such as: the good farmland of the U.S. is containing organic up to 7%, and the overall survey of soil of the Ministry of Agriculture of China is analyzed, and China's soil is 0.5% containing organic matter.If the stalk of annual waste is become bio-feritlizer, also the bad present situation of China's agriculture as the foundation of the economy fundamentally can be changed, for agriculture production provides good guarantee.
2. large quantities of stalk waste is that invention does not effectively utilize technology.Agricultural crop straw contains abundant albumen egg and Mierocrystalline cellulose, is ox, sheep, rabbit, goose, the indispensable food resource of fish.China is a populous nation, Ye Shiyige livestock industry big country, but livestock feed is not enough, and grass-land deterioration, grass amount reduce, and become one of subject matter.But township studies livestock industry potential is larger.If by annual more than 400,000,000 tons, accounting for total amount half stover is feed, and China can increase foster 100,000,000 oxen every year, also can save 5,300 ten thousand ton-grain foods.
3. good Application way is not found in large quantities of stalk waste.Agricultural crop straw is wooden, semi-lignified product mainly, is one of main raw material(s) of edible fungi growth.This point confirm by current large-scale modernization Edible Fungi enterprise.The progress of science in recent years, people's technology in production edible mushrooms has reached higher level.Due to the good mouthfeel of edible mushrooms, nutritious, by force functional, like by consumers in general, all both production and marketing thrive for various edible fungus variety, really achieve science and foretell " century that 21 century is biological edible mushrooms ".
4, stalk is difficult to the major cause of utilization.
The wasting reason of large quantities of agricultural crop straw, mainly contains three aspects, and one is that the crop straw harvesting time is too concentrated, the manpower of process, and the method for equipment and a large amount of process can not adapt to the requirement of reality, causes discarded and wastes.Two is that agricultural crop straw volume is large, and transportation cost is high, inflammablely causes difficulty for stocking, and have impact on the possibility of harvest and store value and the long distance transportation of stalk.Three is that straw utilization technology can't be full of in production and needs.Such as, there is the stalk that hardness in enormous quantities is large wasting every year, have again dead millions of the livestocks in pastoral area to occur every year.Essence principal contradiction is working method problem, be how large quantities of biomass can be preserved at short notice, soften, wood is rotten, not rancid, is the great method problem that multi-functional utilization lays the first stone.
Summary of the invention
Technical scheme to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of preparation of the crop material biomass peat composed of rotten mosses, and provide the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of a kind of agricultural crop straw to produce and preparation method thereof especially, this peat composed of rotten mosses can as the culture base-material of several biological products.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of a kind of agricultural crop straw is produced and preparation method thereof, comprises the following steps: by stalk mechanical disintegration; Sanitas process; Mechanical stitch; Secondary Fermentation and storage, obtain the biological peat composed of rotten mosses of multi-functional utilization;
Described sanitas is selected from three kinds, " Em " microbial inoculum, urea, formaldehyde etc.; Being selected from " Em " microbial inoculum is one group of material handling, selects urea and formaldehyde to be second group of material handling, and mixed solution combines; (urea and formaldehyde make mixed solution in 1: 1 ratio)
Described stalk is the stalk of farm crop; Described mechanical stitch, refers to and adopts the roll extrusion compacting repeatedly of chain formula tractor; The material of described compacting is through aerobic fermentation and anaerobically fermenting.Process is when entering without air, achieves not smelly, not mould, the production object of being stale-proof.
Stalk is broken the particle of bulk that powder becomes 1-3CM large, sheet, thread and powdery by described stalk Xuan Hammer chip powder beater; Again wet feed and siccative mixing are put into and stack groove; The mixing humidity of material is 30-40%, as about 35%); High humidity can be added to add clear water into siccative, humidity I.
After described stalk material lumpy material after crushed mixes with pulverulent material and puts into dump, mix with described anticorrosive additive immediately; The usage quantity of described sanitas additive is: " Em " bacterium: urea: formaldehyde is by 1: 0.5: the weight ratio of (1.5-3.0), and dilute with water about 10 times in proportion, be sprinkled upon on charge level, stirring mixes;
When adding sanitas, to choose any one kind of them use by " Em " microbial inoculum, urea, formaldehyde, or " by Em " microbial inoculum is that one group of use, urea and formaldehyde mixed solution are respectively two groups and use.
Preferably described " Em " microbial inoculum is: do mother liquor with commodity " Em " microbial inoculum 1-2 part weight part, add molasses pure water (ratio of molasses the is pure water 10-20%) mixed solution of 10-15 part weight part, preferably add the molasses pure water of 1.5 parts of weight parts, deposit 2-4 days in 25-30 DEG C of sealed environment, " Em " that obtain expanding applies microbial inoculum; This " Em " microbial inoculum sanitas processes material, effective.
" Em " microbial inoculum that described activation expands, when preparing the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses with formaldehyde or urea material handling simultaneously, take the method that gradation is sprayed, that is: a kind of sanitas sprays on material in elder generation, after material being carried out to sufficient stirring stirring, another kind of sanitas could be sprayed.
After described material mixes with sanitas, by material compacting, after the first layer compacting, can increase according to the roll extrusion in layer of above-mentioned method; After a windrow workshop section terminates, plastic film in top cover, then earth backing 40-60CM, as 50CM is thick.
The multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of agricultural crop straw of the present invention was produced after half a year to the storage of several years, namely became a kind of Biological resources of ingredient stability.This resource has multiple use.
The peat composed of rotten mosses that the present invention also provides a kind of agricultural crop straw multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses production and preparation method thereof obtained, application in reproducible utilization biomass, as bio-feritlizer, biological fodder, biofuel, edible mushrooms base-material, biological fiber plate, energy and material.
1. this stalk peat composed of rotten mosses can play multi-functional feature, for the production of bio-feritlizer, biological fodder; Also can be used as edible mushrooms base-material, produce high-quality edible mushrooms.
2. with the fiberboard of described peat composed of rotten mosses manufacture, medium-density plate, produces various furniture and fixtures house, also can be used for various wallboard for building and template.
3. carry out secondary press with the described peat composed of rotten mosses, make various fuel stick, fuel brick, coal burning boiler can be replaced, also can electric power supply plant generating.The coal generating adding 20% by biomass has realized application and has promoted in China's certain limit.
The principle of the above-mentioned preparation method of the present invention and feature:
Agricultural crop straw is Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose and xylogen and some wax materials mainly; these materials define very firm tissue; greatly reduce cellulosic utilizing status, so with microbial preparation process ability softening fibre, conservation and utilization must be strengthened.His biomass essence must could be preserved with Chemical Preservation.
Agricultural crop straw surface is generally covered with a large amount of microbe groups, and under normal condition, they are vied each other, interdependence, are co-located in same ecotope.Along with the change that ecotope occurs, microbe groups also changes thereupon.Due to the difference change in the whole process of crop straw harvesting, process, transport and Mechanical Crushing, the microorganism that stalk is grown nonparasitically upon another plant, the effect of plant sap and external microbe in the microorganism of external soil surface and cutting process, microbe groups is also having greatly changed and Fast-propagation.
The present invention is the agricultural crop straw after pulverizing, with " EM " probiotic agent, urea and formaldehyde three kinds of sanitass process respectively, pile up, weight, under carrying out anaerobic environment, sealed type storage, prevents miscellaneous bacteria from infecting, and keeps stalk not go mouldy, not rancid protobiont form, is convenient to multi-functional utilization.
Because agricultural crop straw is of a great variety, biotic component is comparatively complicated, and in technical finesse and stacking process, milk-acid bacteria realm phenomenon slowly occurs and often occurs, causes harmful microorganism that stronger Metabolic activity occurs, causes the failure of preparation.If adopt lactic bacteria useful agent short effect process in advance, then carry out anaerobic fermentation stage, that is very correct and perfect production method.But a large amount of agricultural crop straws is concentrated and adopts full microorganism agent method, due to the restriction of economic capability and technical capacity, above the waste being difficult to this low value.
The present invention relates to the production of the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of farm crop, utilize commodity " EM " microbial inoculum or the sanitas such as urea, formaldehyde exactly, implement a kind of simple, drop into little, raw material is many, processing ease, additive is easy to get, the innovative approach that the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses that can process all kinds of stalk of farm crop at short notice is on a large scale produced.
The effect of sanitas and using method:
(1) " EM " microbial inoculum function with expand total amount and using method.
" Em " is the abbreviation of beneficial microorganism cenobium, and general electric bacterium, fungi, actinomycetes, yeast bacteria and lactic acid bacteria class combine, and some preparation is formed a team by tens bacterium, some nearly tens, the highest product be made up of more than 80 bacterial classifications.Korea S, Japan, the U.S., Southeast Asian countries have production in the world at present, and what China came through Two decades years applies, and there is distribution in factory in each province.
" Em " microbial inoculum is at biological fodder, and foliar nutrient, reodorant aspect uses, and has good effect.Some industry using his the conventional product as a kind of indispensability, is also applied to some extent in recent years in environment protection.
The present invention relates to the simple and easy fermentation process of a kind of popularization " Em " microbial inoculum secondary, utilize " Em " bacterium liquid secondary quick fermentation product after in enormous quantities expansion, agricultural crop straw is processed, promotes that stalk is transferred in secondary anaerobic fermentation process normally by main fermentation and play significant role.The subtilis utilizing " Em " to contain, the wood powerful bacterium such as mould have overwhelmed most miscellaneous bacteria in first time fermentation, a large amount of milk-acid bacterias is contained in " Em " in Secondary Fermentation, play again leading role, product acid is accelerated, drop to less than 4.0 like pH value in material by 7.0, control miscellaneous bacteria, ensured that material is not smelly, do not go mouldy, not corrupt.
After buying " Em " microbial inoculum, simple and easy fermentation is expanded again through the secondary of 10 times, so cost is very low, agricultural stalk per ton only need with 10 kilograms, about about 20 yuan, so it is little to realize input, effective use target, Shi Fucunqiong village can rise, ensure the promotion and application that agricultural crop straw multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses production technology is good in the whole nation.
(2) effect of urea in the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of agricultural crop straw is produced.
Urea is exactly a kind of chemical fertilizer that market can have been bought at any time, and white granular can be completely water-soluble, and nitrogen content is up to 46%.It is the industrial goods making raw material production with Sweet natural gas or hard coal, belongs to " oil-agriculture " product scope.
Urea is nutritional additive and the sanitas of the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of agricultural crop straw.He is to cornstalk, jowar stalk and grain straw treatment effect good.1. the nutrient contg in stalk is improved.2. aerobic stability in stalk process is improved.3. the generation of mould and heat in producing is suppressed.4. protein degradation is reduced.5. restriction suppresses yeast and mould-growth.
Urea addition in the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of crop straws for producing is very little, and general addition is about 0.5%, and amounting to stalk per ton and add five kilograms of urea, is at market price 10 yuan.It is large that this method really reaches effect, the target that expense is little.So use the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of urea production agricultural crop straw to be easy to very much in rural area big area.Urea as sanitas, additive, promotor, use its material handling in process of production with storage in all have good maintenance material do not go mouldy, not smelly, the effect of without putrefaction.
(3) effect of formaldehyde in the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of agricultural crop straw is produced.
Formaldehyde is industrial powerful sanitas, industrially of many uses, is agriculturally seldom seeing.
The present invention utilizes a small amount of formaldehyde to process stalk aborning., serve good effect in normal maintenance in special product quality.After using formaldehyde treated, the water-soluble carbohydrate content in (1) material increases; (2) nutritive value and the utilization ratio of material protein is improved.
The usage quantity of formaldehyde is different because of different materials, and general agricultural crop straw usage quantity is 1.5 ~ 3.0% to be advisable, and too much causes waste, very fewly can stimulate butyric fermentation again, affects the quality of product.Because formaldehyde cost is low, effect is stable, and consumption is very little, can not to environmental concerns.So be also that the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of agricultural crop straw is produced and must one of indispensable sanitas and additive, this method is a new intention.
The multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of a kind of agricultural crop straw of the present invention is produced and preparation, uses urea aborning, formaldehyde and " EM " probiotic agent three kinds of sanitass and additive, produces serve positive effect to the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of guarantee.Three kinds of sanitass can be used alone, and also can jointly use in batches.Wherein two kinds of sanitass can be used arbitrarily, but definitely can not use after mixed for " EM " microbial inoculum and other two chemical substances.
The present invention has following Advantageous Effects:
1. the present invention adopts the method for mechanical disintegration first various stalk to be broken into the block of 1-3CM, sheet, silk and finely powdered, again the material of pulverizing is put into the storagetank varied in size, available three kinds of sanitass process material respectively, again with mechanical stirring evenly after, roll extrusion is carried out with heavy-duty machinery, the internal batch of compacting is after aerobic one time fermentation and anaerobism Secondary Fermentation, biomass base-material gets off with regard to Absorbable organic halogens, also can become after storage through half a year and there is the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses, the three kinds of sanitass used in material treating processes are: commodity " Em " microbial inoculum, urea and formaldehyde, these three kinds of sanitass serve and suppress harmful mushroom in material fermentation process, promote that producing acid keeps material not smelly, do not go mouldy, incorrupt effect, one appointed by three kinds of sanitass, as share, " Em " can not mix with other two kinds, " Em " microbial inoculum expands 10 times of rear uses of fermentation again after activation, achieve end cost, the goal of the invention of high effect.
2. the present invention prepares the production method of the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of stalk, is at short notice, adopts simple power operation, and fast large quantities of dark green stalk, stiff stalk carries out anticorrosion process, for recycling creates conditions.Particularly, by the stalk pulverized, spray process with microbiobacterial agent, or make stalk resource unlike destruction by chemical substance, do not need rotten, not smelly, never degenerate.Under simple condition, outdoor maintenance 1 ~ 5 year or longer time, and the demand of supplying bio-feritlizer factory, edible mushrooms factory, plate-making factory, biofuel factory at any time in enormous quantities can be accomplished, be a kind of multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses class material really.
3. the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of the present invention, because starting material are extensive, price is low, and preparation method is easy, and cost is low, can realize inexpensive target, is the good method that various places adopt.Not only solve the large problem of straw utilization, also for rural development has started a new economical route.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of the Multifunctional crop stalk peat composed of rotten mosses:
Cotton, corn, wheat, paddy rice and beans stalk Hammer chip are shouldered powder machine and stalk is broken the particle that powder becomes 1-3 centimetre of large bulk, sheet, thread and powdery; Wet feed and siccative mixing are put into and stacks groove; The mixing humidity of material is about 35%; , mix with described anticorrosive additive immediately; Sanitas usage quantity: " Em " bacterium: urea: formaldehyde presses the part by weight of 1: 0.5: 2, wherein " Em " microbial inoculum is: do mother liquor with commodity " Em " microbial inoculum 5 weight part weight, add molasses pure water (ratio of molasses the is pure water 10-20%) mixed solution of 1.5 weight parts, deposit 3 days in 25 DEG C of sealed environments, " Em " that obtain expanding applies microbial inoculum; Mix bacterium agent is dilute with water (being diluted with water to 10-15 doubly) sanitas bacterium liquid in proportion, and be sprinkled upon on charge level, stirring mixes; Should " Em " microbial inoculum and formaldehyde or urea simultaneously material handling time, take the method that gradation is sprayed, that is: a kind of sanitas sprays on material in elder generation, after material being carried out to sufficient stirring stirring, could spray another kind of sanitas;
Adopt the roll extrusion compacting repeatedly of chain formula tractor, after the first layer compacting, can increase according to the roll extrusion of above-mentioned method one deck; After a windrow workshop section terminates, plastic film in top cover, then earth backing 50CM is thick; Through main fermentation and secondary anaerobically fermenting, storage, obtains the biological peat composed of rotten mosses of multi-functional utilization;
The multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of this agricultural crop straw was produced after half a year to the storage of several years, namely became a kind of Biological resources of ingredient stability.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of the Multifunctional crop stalk peat composed of rotten mosses:
With embodiment 1, difference is:
Described interpolation " Em " microbial inoculum: urea: formaldehyde presses the weight ratio of 1: 0.5: 1.5, and ratios with water dilution (being diluted to 10-15 doubly), be sprinkled upon on charge level;
When adding sanitas, " Em " microbial inoculum can not with urea and formaldehyde used in combination, but urea can be used in combination with formaldehyde, first uses " Em " microbial inoculum, is secondly urea, finally selects formaldehyde.
The preparation of described " Em " microbial inoculum activation Secondary Fermentation agent: at the commodity bought back " Em " microbial inoculum as mother liquor, carry out secondary ferment easily expand preparation time, add 1.5 portions of brown sugar or malt sugar by weight, add 5 parts of " Em " commodity mother liquors again, the environment put to 30 DEG C that stirs deposits 2 days, and " Em " that the Secondary Fermentation that can become activation expands uses microbial inoculum.
Described " Em " by rear for activation expansion uses microbial inoculum, prepare the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses time with formaldehyde or urea while material handling, increase antiseptic power, the method that gradation is sprayed will be taked, that is: first on material, a kind of sanitas is sprayed, after material being carried out to sufficient stirring stirring, another kind of sanitas could be sprayed, so as not to the living microorganism of " Em " biological preservative by formaldehyde and urea kill.
Embodiment 3
A preparation method for the Multifunctional crop stalk peat composed of rotten mosses, with embodiment 1, difference is:
Described interpolation " Em " microbial inoculum: urea: formaldehyde presses the weight ratio of 1: 0.5: 1.5, and ratios with water dilution (being diluted to 10-15 doubly), be sprinkled upon on charge level;
Using " Em " microbial inoculum successively respectively, is secondly urea, last formaldehyde mixed solution.
The preparation of described " Em " microbial inoculum activation Secondary Fermentation agent: at the commodity bought back " Em " microbial inoculum as mother liquor, carry out secondary ferment easily expand preparation time, add 1 portion of brown sugar or malt sugar by weight, add 4 parts of " Em " commodity mother liquors again, the environment put to 25 DEG C that stirs deposits 3 days, and " Em " that the Secondary Fermentation that can become activation expands uses microbial inoculum.
Embodiment 4
The multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of agricultural crop straw prepared by embodiment 1-4, produces after the storage of half a year to 2 year, namely becomes a kind of Biological resources of ingredient stability.
Embodiment 5
The peat composed of rotten mosses that the preparation method of a kind of Multifunctional crop stalk peat composed of rotten mosses of embodiment 1-4 obtains, the application in reproducible utilization biomass, as bio-feritlizer, biological fodder, biofuel, edible mushrooms base-material, biological fiber plate, energy and material.
1. this stalk peat composed of rotten mosses can play multi-functional feature, for the production of bio-feritlizer, biological fodder; Also can be used as edible mushrooms base-material, produce high-quality edible mushrooms.
2. with the fiberboard of described peat composed of rotten mosses manufacture, medium-density plate, produces various furniture and fixtures house, also can be used for various wallboard for building and template.
3. carry out secondary press with the described peat composed of rotten mosses, make various fuel stick, fuel brick, coal burning boiler can be replaced, also can electric power supply plant generating.The coal generating adding 20% by biomass has realized application and has promoted in China's certain limit.
Claims (8)
1. the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of agricultural crop straw is produced and preparation method thereof, comprises the following steps: by stalk mechanical disintegration; Sanitas process; Mechanical stitch; Fermentation and storage, obtain the biological peat composed of rotten mosses of multi-functional utilization;
Described sanitas is selected from three kinds, " Em " microbial inoculum, urea, formaldehyde etc.
Being selected from " Em " microbial inoculum is one group of material handling, selects urea and formaldehyde to be second group of material handling, makes mixed solution in 1: 1 ratio, also can single variety material handling.
The usage quantity of described sanitas additive is: " Em " bacterium: urea: formaldehyde is by 1: 0.5: the weight ratio of (1.5-3.0), and dilute with water 10-30 times in proportion, the ratio that adds water is determined by material moisture ratio, is sprinkled upon on charge level, and stirring mixes;
When adding sanitas, " Em " microbial inoculum can not be used in combination with urea, formaldehyde, and urea and formaldehyde can be used in combination.
2. the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of a kind of agricultural crop straw according to claim 1 is produced and preparation method thereof, and be utilize Cotton Stalk, the agricultural crop straws such as cornstalk, wheat-straw and paddy rice stalk prepare the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses.Described mechanical stitch, refers to and adopts the roll extrusion compacting repeatedly of chain formula tractor;
The material of described compacting is through aerobic fermentation and anaerobically fermenting.
3. produce and preparation method thereof according to the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of a kind of agricultural crop straw of claim 1 or 2, stalk is broken the particle of bulk that powder becomes 1-3CM large, sheet, thread and powdery by described stalk Hammer chip powder beater; Again wet feed and siccative mixing are put into and stack groove; The mixing humidity of material is 30-40% (about 35%).
4. produce and preparation method thereof according to the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of a kind of agricultural crop straw of claim 1 or 2, after described stalk material lumpy material after crushed mixes with pulverulent material and puts into dump, mix with described anticorrosive additive immediately.
5. produce and preparation method thereof according to the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of a kind of agricultural crop straw of claim 1 or 2, described " Em " microbial inoculum is: do mother liquor with commodity " Em " microbial inoculum 1-2 part weight part, add molasses pure water (ratio of molasses the is pure water total amount 10-20%) mixed solution of 10-15 weight part, deposit 2-4 days in 25-30 DEG C of sealed environment, " Em " that obtain expanding applies microbial inoculum.
6. the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of a kind of agricultural crop straw according to claim 5 is produced and preparation method thereof, " Em " microbial inoculum that described activation expands, prepare the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses time with formaldehyde or urea while material handling, take the method that gradation is sprayed, that is: first on material, a kind of sanitas is sprayed, after material being carried out to sufficient stirring stirring, another kind of sanitas could be sprayed.
7. the multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses of a kind of agricultural crop straw according to claim 2 is produced and preparation method thereof, after described material mixes with sanitas, by material compacting, after the first layer compacting, can increase according to the roll extrusion in layer of above-mentioned method; After a windrow workshop section terminates, plastic film in top cover, then earth backing 40-60CM is thick.
8. the peat composed of rotten mosses that a kind of agricultural crop straw of any one of claim 1-7 multi-functional peat composed of rotten mosses production and preparation method thereof is obtained, application in reproducible utilization biomass, as bio-feritlizer, biological fodder, biofuel, edible mushrooms base-material, biological fiber plate, energy and material.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN108934926B (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-10-09 | 山东宝力生物质能源股份有限公司 | Crop seedling culture substrate prepared by utilizing pure straw fermentation solid by-product and preparation method thereof |
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