CN102719484A - Crop straw ensiling and method for efficiently producing biogas by ensiled straws - Google Patents
Crop straw ensiling and method for efficiently producing biogas by ensiled straws Download PDFInfo
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- CN102719484A CN102719484A CN2012101953778A CN201210195377A CN102719484A CN 102719484 A CN102719484 A CN 102719484A CN 2012101953778 A CN2012101953778 A CN 2012101953778A CN 201210195377 A CN201210195377 A CN 201210195377A CN 102719484 A CN102719484 A CN 102719484A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention relates to crop straw ensiling and a method for efficiently producing biogas by ensiled straws. Newly harvested green straws are smashed to have the lengths between 10mm and 30mm, and the smashed straws are mixed with an ensiling additive; the ensiling additive is a nitric acid or acetic acid or ammonia solution, the mass concentration of the additive solution is 2%-10%, and the weight proportion of added additive solute is 1/100-1/1500 of the weight of the straws. The mixture is stored for 30-90 days under an anaerobic condition in a closed space, and then the ensiled straws are obtained. According to the method disclosed by the invention, a certain amount of additive is added for ensiling the newly harvested green straws, the utilization of saccharides by microbes in the environment can be reduced in the ensiling process, the autologous lignifications process of the straws is restrained at the same time, and the content of free sugars in the green straws is retained at the maximum degree; and most organic matters in the ensiled straws are transferred to liquid phase through two steps of treatment, then the liquid is anaerobically fermented to produce the biogas, and the efficiency of anaerobic fermentation and the utilization ratio of the straws are greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for a kind of agricultural crop straw ensiling and ensiling stalks High-efficient Production biogas, belong to agricultural solid residue and handle and the resource utilization field.
Background technology
Agricultural crop straw is the abundantest biomass resource, but utilization ratio is low at present, and except that a part was used for papermaking, feed, the most of burning not only caused the wasting of resources, also can bring pollution to environment.Utilizing stalk to produce biogas is the effective ways that stalk resource utilizes, yet the stalk complex structure is difficult to efficiently utilized by mikrobe under normal operation.Utilize stalk to produce at present and carry out anaerobically fermenting after biogas adopts stalk more and feces of livestock and poultry mixes, but fermentation efficiency is low, the straw utilization rate is not high, and the stalk amount of handling is limited.Therefore, develop high fermentation efficiency, the method for high stalk digestibility is the key that straw biogas utilizes.
Liquid phase fermentation is a fermentation mode the most efficiently in the anaerobic fermentation process, if can the organic cost in the stalk be transformed in the liquid phase through certain treatment process, adopts the liquid phase fermentation methane production, then can improve the efficient of fermentation greatly.Yet the composition of dry straw is main with lignocellulose, and the lignocellulose Stability Analysis of Structures as its dissolving can be expended huge energy consumption, causes the operation composition to increase substantially.Discover that just soluble component will be much higher than the stalk after air-dry in the blue or green stalk of results, but as do not preserve, these soluble components will be converted into lignocellulose by microbial consumption or the physiological action through plant, cause the subsequent disposal difficulty.Yet the harvesting time of stalk is shorter, wants to keep soluble component wherein must carry out ensiling, and therefore, seeking the Silaging method that is suitable for follow-up stalk fermentation is the another key issue of the efficient fermentation methane production of stalk.
The present invention is through carrying out ensiling to stalk, guaranteed that solubility organic composition in the blue or green stalk is not utilized by mikrobe or is converted into lignocellulose, has reduced the cost of subsequent disposal.And the stalk after the ensiling handled, most of organic composition in the stalk is transferred in the liquid phase, adopt the mode of liquid phase anaerobically fermenting to carry out biogas production, improved the utilization ratio of fermentation efficiency and stalk greatly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of agricultural crop straw efficiently, biogas production technology cheaply, have fermentation efficiency height, characteristics that level of residue is few with other compared with techniques.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
A kind of agricultural crop straw Silaging method is characterized in that being made up of following operation at least;
(1) the blue or green stalk that will just gather in the crops is crushed to the length between 10mm to 30mm;
(2) crushed straws is mixed with additives for ensiling; Additives for ensiling is nitric acid or acetate or ammonia soln, and the mass concentration of additive solution is 2%-10%, and additive solute interpolation part by weight is the 1/100-1/1500 of stalk weight.
(3) said mixture is under anaerobic carried out airtight preservation 30-90 days, obtain ensiling stalks.
A kind of ensiling stalks is produced the method for biogas, it is characterized in that being made up of following operation at least:
(1) ensiling stalks is mixed by weight the ratio of 1:5-1:20 with water, soak time is 2-8h, and soaking temperature is a room temperature;
(2) stalk after will soaking carries out solid-liquid separation;
(3) under the condition of adding catalyzer, carry out hydro-thermal reaction with separating the solid that obtains in the operation (2); Catalyzer is a kind of of sulfuric acid or nitric acid or hydrochloric acid or iron salt solutions; The weight concentration of used acid solution is 0.5%-2%; The volumetric molar concentration of used iron salt solutions is 0.01mol/L-0.05mol/L; And the weight ratio of catalyzer solute weight and stalk is 1:200-1:25, and temperature of reaction is 80-200 ℃, reaction times 5-180min;
(4) mixture that obtains after the hydro-thermal reaction in the operation (3) is carried out solid-liquid separation;
(5) liquid that obtains in liquid that obtains in the operation (4) and the operation (2) is sent into anaerobic fermentation tank and carry out biogas production.
Described ensiling stalks is produced the method for biogas, and the natural pond slag that obtains in solid that it is characterized in that operation (4) is obtained and the operation (5) is used for compost or other purposes.
Described ensiling stalks is produced the method for biogas, it is characterized in that the reuse after treatment of natural pond liquid or the discharging that obtain in the operation (5).
Described ensiling stalks is produced the method for biogas, it is characterized in that described molysite be in iron(ic)chloride or ferric sulfate or the iron nitrate any one.
The adding of additive can avoid the mikrobe in the environment to utilize the sugar in the blue or green stalk, and can suppress the physiological action of plant, prevents the degree of lignification reinforcement.
Reaction is carried out solid-liquid separation after accomplishing, and the liquid that separation obtains gets into anaerobic fermentation tank after treatment and carries out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation, Gu slag and natural pond slag prepare fertilizer after treatment or be used as other purposes, reuse after treatment of natural pond liquid or discharging.Through the processing of two steps, can reduce soluble sugar degraded at high temperature, reduce catalyst consumption, and most of organic matter is transferred to liquid phase in the stalk, has guaranteed the trouble-free operation of follow-up anaerobic fermentation process
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention is with through adding certain quantity of additive the blue or green stalk of firm results being carried out ensiling; Ensilage can reduce mikrobe in the environment to the utilization of carbohydrate; The lignification that suppresses stalk self simultaneously farthest keeps the content of free sugar in the blue or green stalk; Stalk after the ensiling is handled wherein most organic matter through two steps and is transferred to liquid phase, and liquid carries out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation then, has improved the efficient of anaerobically fermenting and the utilization ratio of stalk greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of straw ensiling and ensiling stalks High-efficient Production biogas
The 1-crushing system; 2-ensiling system; The 3-infusion system; 4-hydro-thermal reaction system; The 5-solid-liquid separation system; The 6-anaerobic fermentation system; 7-natural pond liquid treating system; The solid slag treatment system of 8-
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment:
Agricultural crop straw ensiling and ensiling stalks High-efficient Production biogas technology are as shown in Figure 1; Blue or green stalk after the results is after crushing system 1 fragmentation; Mix the back with additives for ensiling and get into ensiling system 2; Stalk after ensiling is accomplished gets into infusion system 3, gets into solid-liquid separation system 5 after immersion for some time, separates the solid that obtains and gets into hydro-thermal reaction system 4; Hydro-thermal reaction finishes the back mixture and gets into solid-liquid sub-system 5; The liquid that liquid that separation obtains and infusion system obtain gets into anaerobic fermentation system 6 and carries out biogas production, and the natural pond liquid that anaerobic fermentation process obtains gets into natural pond liquid treating system 7 and handles back reuse or discharging, and the solid slag that the natural pond slag that anaerobic fermentation process obtains obtains with the hydro-thermal reaction system gets into solid slag treatment system 8 and carries out compost or other purposes.
Embodiment 1:
The blue or green stalk of just having gathered in the crops is crushed to 10mm, is that 2% salpeter solution mixes with mass concentration then, and the weight ratio of nitric acid solute and blue or green stalk is 1:1000, and mixture is placed the storage airtight preservation in cellar for storing things 30 days, obtains ensiling stalks.Ensiling stalks mixed in the pond with water soak; The weight ratio of ensiling stalks and water is 1:20, and soak time is 6h, and immersion is squeezed separation with mixture after accomplishing; The liquid that separation obtains is sent into anaerobic ferment devices and is carried out biogas production through dilution after the adjusting; Separating the solid obtain, to utilize mass concentration be that 1% sulphuric acid soln carries out hydro-thermal reaction as catalyzer; Sulfuric acid solute and solid weight ratio are 1:200, and temperature of reaction is 120 ℃, and the reaction times is 60min; Solidliquid mixture squeezed separation once more after reaction was accomplished; The liquid that separation obtains is sent into anaerobic fermentation tank and is produced biogas through dilution after the adjusting, separate the solid that obtains and be used for aerobic compost.Natural pond liquid is used for ensiling stalks after treatment and soaks operation.
Embodiment 2:
The blue or green stalk of just having gathered in the crops is crushed to 20mm, is that 2% ammonia soln mixes with mass concentration then, and the weight ratio of ammoniacal liquor solute and blue or green stalk is 1:1500, and mixture is placed the storage airtight preservation in cellar for storing things 90 days, obtains ensiling stalks.Ensiling stalks mixed in the pond with water soak; The weight ratio of ensiling stalks and water is 1:10, and soak time is 8h, and immersion is squeezed separation with mixture after accomplishing; The liquid that separation obtains is sent into anaerobic ferment devices and is carried out biogas production through dilution after the adjusting; Separating the solid obtain, to utilize mass concentration be that 0.5% salpeter solution carries out hydro-thermal reaction as catalyzer; Nitric acid solute weight and solid weight ratio are 1:100, and temperature of reaction is 200 ℃, and the reaction times is 5min; Solidliquid mixture squeezed separation once more after reaction was accomplished; The liquid that separation obtains is sent into anaerobic fermentation tank and is produced biogas through dilution after the adjusting, separate the solid that obtains and be used for aerobic compost.Natural pond liquid is used for ensiling stalks after treatment and soaks operation.
Embodiment 3:
The blue or green stalk of just having gathered in the crops is crushed to 30mm, is that 10% acetic acid soln mixes with mass concentration then, and the weight ratio of acetate solute and blue or green stalk is 1:100, and mixture is placed the storage airtight preservation in cellar for storing things 60 days, obtains ensiling stalks.Ensiling stalks mixed in the pond with water soak; The weight ratio of ensiling stalks and water is 1:5, and soak time is 4h, and immersion is squeezed separation with mixture after accomplishing; The liquid that separation obtains is sent into anaerobic ferment devices and is carried out biogas production through dilution after the adjusting; Separating the solid obtain utilizes volumetric molar concentration to carry out hydro-thermal reaction for the liquor ferri trichloridi of 0.05mol/L as catalyzer; Iron trichloride solute and solid weight ratio are 1:25, and temperature of reaction is 90 ℃, and the reaction times is 90min; Solidliquid mixture squeezed separation once more after reaction was accomplished; The liquid that separation obtains is sent into anaerobic fermentation tank and is produced biogas through dilution after the adjusting, the solid that separation obtains is used for pyrolysis and dissolves.Natural pond liquid is used for ensiling stalks after treatment and soaks operation.
Embodiment 4:
The blue or green stalk of just having gathered in the crops is crushed to 30mm, is that 6% acetic acid soln mixes with mass concentration then, and the weight ratio of acetate solute and blue or green stalk is 1:500, and mixture is placed the storage airtight preservation in cellar for storing things 30 days, obtains ensiling stalks.Ensiling stalks mixed in the pond with water soak; The weight ratio of ensiling stalks and water is 1:15, and soak time is 5h, and immersion is squeezed separation with mixture after accomplishing; The liquid that separation obtains is sent into anaerobic ferment devices and is carried out biogas production through dilution after the adjusting; Separating the solid obtain utilizes volumetric molar concentration to carry out hydro-thermal reaction for the iron nitrate solution of 0.01mol/L as catalyzer; The weight of iron nitrate solute and solid weight ratio are 1:75, and temperature of reaction is 80 ℃, and the reaction times is 180min; Solidliquid mixture squeezed separation once more after reaction was accomplished; The liquid that separation obtains is sent into anaerobic fermentation tank and is produced biogas through dilution after the adjusting, the solid that separation obtains is used for pyrolysis and dissolves.Natural pond liquid is used to afforest water after treatment.
Embodiment 5:
Present embodiment is identical with embodiment 3; Different is soaks the back and separates the solid that obtains and utilize volumetric molar concentration to carry out hydro-thermal reaction for the ferrum sulfuricum oxydatum solutum of 0.05mol/L as catalyzer, and temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, and the reaction times is 10min; Solidliquid mixture squeezed separation once more after reaction was accomplished; The liquid that separation obtains is sent into anaerobic fermentation tank and is produced biogas through dilution after the adjusting, separate the solid that obtains and be used for aerobic compost.Natural pond liquid discharges after treatment.
Embodiment 6:
Present embodiment is identical with embodiment 5, and the volumetric molar concentration of used ferrum sulfuricum oxydatum solutum is 0.01mol/L, and temperature of reaction is 200 ℃, and the reaction times is 5min.
Claims (5)
1. an agricultural crop straw Silaging method is characterized in that being made up of following operation at least;
(1) the blue or green stalk that will just gather in the crops is crushed to the length between 10mm to 30mm;
(2) crushed straws is mixed with additives for ensiling; Additives for ensiling is nitric acid or acetate or ammonia soln, and the mass concentration of additive solution is 2%-10%, and additive solute interpolation part by weight is the 1/100-1/1500 of stalk weight
(3) said mixture is under anaerobic carried out airtight preservation 30-90 days, obtain ensiling stalks.
2. an ensiling stalks is produced the method for biogas, it is characterized in that being made up of following operation at least:
(1) ensiling stalks is mixed by weight the ratio of 1:5-1:20 with water, soak time is 2-8h, and soaking temperature is a room temperature;
(2) stalk after will soaking carries out solid-liquid separation;
(3) under the condition of adding catalyzer, carry out hydro-thermal reaction with separating the solid that obtains in the operation (2); Catalyzer is a kind of of sulfuric acid or nitric acid or hydrochloric acid or iron salt solutions; The weight concentration of used acid solution is 0.5%-2%; The volumetric molar concentration of used iron salt solutions is 0.01mol/L-0.05mol/L; And the weight ratio of catalyzer solute weight and stalk is 1:200-1:25, and temperature of reaction is 80-200 ℃, reaction times 5-180min;
(4) mixture that obtains after the hydro-thermal reaction in the operation (3) is carried out solid-liquid separation;
(5) liquid that obtains in liquid that obtains in the operation (4) and the operation (2) is sent into anaerobic fermentation tank and carry out biogas production.
3. ensiling stalks as claimed in claim 2 is produced the method for biogas, and the natural pond slag that obtains in solid that it is characterized in that operation (4) is obtained and the operation (5) is used for compost or other purposes.
4. ensiling stalks as claimed in claim 2 is produced the method for biogas, it is characterized in that the reuse after treatment of natural pond liquid or the discharging that obtain in the operation (5).
5. ensiling stalks as claimed in claim 2 is produced the method for biogas, it is characterized in that described molysite be in iron(ic)chloride or ferric sulfate or the iron nitrate any one.
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Cited By (13)
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| CN104928324A (en) * | 2014-03-23 | 2015-09-23 | 吕宏涛 | Household garbage and corn stalk biological treatment method |
| CN105420281A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-23 | 天津大学 | Method for efficient production of biogas from straw |
| CN105755054A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-07-13 | 中国农业大学 | Method for preparing biogas from cellulose raw materials |
| CN105755053A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-07-13 | 中国农业大学 | Additive used in process for preparing biogas from cellulose raw material |
| CN106276900A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2017-01-04 | 中国农业大学 | The method that a kind of pyrohydrolysis coupling anaerobic fermentation processes organic waste |
| CN106414455A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2017-02-15 | 罗盖特公司 | Methanogen substrate for biogas production |
| CN107574188A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-12 | 天津城建大学 | A kind of straw ensiling method based on high-efficiency fermenting production biogas |
| CN108208339A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-29 | 安徽省田丰牧业科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of ensiling basal feed |
| CN110710601A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-01-21 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Silage additive taking peracid biogas slurry as main raw material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111676250A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for producing methane by pretreating and strengthening lignocellulose through ferric chloride and performing anaerobic fermentation |
| CN112375233A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-19 | 咸阳生物制造产业技术研究院 | Pretreatment method for ammoniation coupling of lignocellulose raw material with solid alkali |
| CN113969235A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-01-25 | 北京时代桃源环境科技股份有限公司 | Efficient device for preparing biogas through straw anaerobic fermentation and preparation method thereof |
| CN113994965A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2022-02-01 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Biogas slurry temporary storage ammonia-control bacteriostatic agent containing garlic straw silage leachate and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104928324A (en) * | 2014-03-23 | 2015-09-23 | 吕宏涛 | Household garbage and corn stalk biological treatment method |
| CN106414455B (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2019-11-15 | 罗盖特公司 | Methanogen body substrate for biogas production |
| CN106414455A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2017-02-15 | 罗盖特公司 | Methanogen substrate for biogas production |
| CN105420281A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-23 | 天津大学 | Method for efficient production of biogas from straw |
| CN105755054A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-07-13 | 中国农业大学 | Method for preparing biogas from cellulose raw materials |
| CN105755053A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-07-13 | 中国农业大学 | Additive used in process for preparing biogas from cellulose raw material |
| CN106276900A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2017-01-04 | 中国农业大学 | The method that a kind of pyrohydrolysis coupling anaerobic fermentation processes organic waste |
| CN107574188A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-12 | 天津城建大学 | A kind of straw ensiling method based on high-efficiency fermenting production biogas |
| CN107574188B (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2022-06-17 | 天津城建大学 | Straw ensiling method for producing biogas based on efficient fermentation |
| CN108208339A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-29 | 安徽省田丰牧业科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of ensiling basal feed |
| CN110710601A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-01-21 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Silage additive taking peracid biogas slurry as main raw material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111676250A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for producing methane by pretreating and strengthening lignocellulose through ferric chloride and performing anaerobic fermentation |
| CN113969235A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-01-25 | 北京时代桃源环境科技股份有限公司 | Efficient device for preparing biogas through straw anaerobic fermentation and preparation method thereof |
| CN113994965A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2022-02-01 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Biogas slurry temporary storage ammonia-control bacteriostatic agent containing garlic straw silage leachate and preparation method thereof |
| CN113994965B (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2022-12-16 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Biogas slurry temporary storage ammonia-control bacteriostatic agent containing garlic straw silage leachate and preparation method thereof |
| CN112375233A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-19 | 咸阳生物制造产业技术研究院 | Pretreatment method for ammoniation coupling of lignocellulose raw material with solid alkali |
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Inventor after: Zhang Shuting Inventor after: Lv Xuebin Inventor after: Zhao Yufeng Inventor after: Sun Youshan Inventor after: Zhi Suli Inventor before: Lv Xuebin Inventor before: Zhao Yufeng Inventor before: Sun Youshan Inventor before: Zhi Suli |
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Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: LV XUEBIN ZHAO YUFENG SUN YOUSHAN ZHI SULI TO: ZHANG SHUTING LV XUEBIN ZHAO YUFENG SUN YOUSHAN ZHI SULI |
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Application publication date: 20121010 |