CN103477745A - Saline-alkali soil treatment method - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil treatment method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a saline-alkali soil treatment method. The method comprises the steps of establishing a concealed pipe salt drainage system under coastal original saline-alkali soil, and enabling concealed pipes of the concealed pipe salt drainage system to be 1m-2m away from the ground; enabling a rubble layer and a zeolite and rubble mixing layer which have a total thickness of 15-35cm to be laid above the concealed pipes, enabling the rubble layer and the zeolite and rubble mixing layer to form double salt separation layers, enabling the volume ratio of zeolite to rubble to be (0.5-1):(0.8-3) in the zeolite and rubble mixing layer, and after the laying is finished, laying a geotextile on a surface layer of the zeolite and rubble mixing layer; enabling furfural residue and the original soil to be evenly mixed according to the volume ratio of (0.5-2):(10-20), performing backfill and compaction, and forming a furfural residue and original soil improvement layer; watering the soil slowly until moisture in the soil reaches a saturated state and then irrigating the soil with great water, and eliminating salt in the soil through the concealed pipe salt drainage system until the average total salt content of the salt in soil within one meter is smaller than or equal to 0.5%. The saline-alkali soil treatment method is a comprehensive treatment method integrating various modes in engineering, water conservancy, physics and biology and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of improvement method of soil, particularly relate to a kind of Saline-alkali Field Control method.
Background technology
Saline land is a kind of salt aggregation, refer to that the contained salinity in soil the inside has influence on the normal growth of crop, according to UNESCO and food and agricultural organization's incomplete statistics, the area in saline land, the whole world is 9.5438 hundred million hectares, and wherein China is 9,913 ten thousand hectares.The formation of China's alkaline earth and alkali-affected soil, most of relevant with the accumulation of Carbonates In Soil, thereby basicity is generally higher, serious salt affected soil regional plant almost can not be survived.
In existing Saline-alkali Field Control scheme, it is all often the simple rubble salt discharge method adopted; This simple salt discharge method is easy to cause saline and alkalinely to topsoil, move.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind ofly can effectively prevent that the saline and alkaline multilayer to the topsoil migration is every salt, salt discharge, the comprehensive Saline-alkali Field Control method of suction salt.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of Saline-alkali Field Control method, described Saline-alkali Field Control method comprises the steps: the underground structure hidden pipe desalting system at the primary saline-alkali soil in strand, and the hidden pipe of described hidden pipe desalting system is 1m～2m apart from the height on ground; Lay the metalling of 5～17cm above described hidden pipe, lay the zeolite rubble mixed layer of 10～18cm, in described zeolite rubble mixed layer, zeolite: the volume ratio of rubble is 0.5～1:0.8～3, after laying completes, on the top layer of zeolite rubble mixed layer, repave geotextiles; After furfural dregs is mixed according to volume ratio 0.5～2:10～20 with original soil, backfill compacting, form furfural dregs original soil improvement layer; Water slowly, until the moisture in soil reaches capacity after state, then the flood pouring, get rid of the salinity in soil by described hidden pipe desalting system, until in 1 meter, the average total salt quantity of soil is less than or equal to 0.5%.
Preferably, the diameter of described hidden pipe is 60～110mm.
Preferably, the dimensions of described metalling medium stone is 5～30mm.
Preferably, the green plants of planting on the soil after improvement.
Based on technique scheme, advantage of the present invention is:
Saline-alkali Field Control method of the present invention is a kind of comprehensive processing method that integrates the various ways such as engineering, water conservancy, physics, biology; The dual control measures that has adopted engineering measure (salt discharge), chemical measure (neutralization and ion exchange) to combine; And by the three-decker of metalling, rubble zeolite mixed layer, furfural dregs original soil improvement layer, realized by the salt discharge of metalling structure, inhale salt by rubble zeolite mixed layer, by modes such as the neutralization of furfural dregs original soil improvement layer, ion exchanges, improve soil structure.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms the application's a part, and schematic description and description of the present invention the present invention does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention for explaining.In the accompanying drawings:
The schematic diagram that Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of embodiment of Saline-alkali Field Control method of the present invention shown in it.
A kind of Saline-alkali Field Control method of the present invention, comprise the steps:
At the underground structure hidden pipe desalting system of the primary saline-alkali soil in strand, the hidden pipe 1 of described hidden pipe desalting system is 1m～2m apart from the height on ground; Preferably, the diameter of described hidden pipe 1 is 60～110mm.In the present embodiment, hidden pipe 1 is 1.2m apart from the height on ground, and the diameter of hidden pipe 1 is 85mm.The tubular structure of described hidden pipe 1 general side-wall hole, its termination coats by geotextiles; Tube wall can coat by geotextiles, also can coat without geotextiles; In addition, in the middle of this area, also have special salt discharge to ooze pipe, tube wall has the tubular structure of small hole.Its operation principle is: brackish water enters the salt discharge hidden pipe by the metalling water conservancy diversion, then enters the salt discharge inspection shaft, enters municipal administration or outer discharge pipe after confluxing.
The present invention lays the metalling 2 of 15cm above described hidden pipe 1, and preferably, the dimensions of described metalling medium stone is 5～30mm; Above described metalling 2, lay the zeolite rubble mixed layer 3 of 12cm, in described zeolite rubble mixed layer 3, zeolite: the volume ratio of rubble is 1:2.5, after having laid, on the top layer of zeolite rubble mixed layer 3, repaves geotextiles 4; After furfural dregs is mixed according to volume ratio 0.5～2:10～20 with original soil, backfill compacting, form furfural dregs original soil improvement layer 6, adjacent with furfural dregs original soil improvement layer 6 and other processing layers in Fig. 1 without the native soil part 5 of the inventive method improvement, as shown in Figure 1.After above-mentioned steps, water slowly, until the moisture in soil reaches capacity after state, then the flood pouring, get rid of the salinity in soil by described hidden pipe desalting system, until the degree of depth is that in the soil in 1 meter, average total salt quantity is less than or equal to 0.5%.The green plants (not shown) of planting on soil after improvement.
Above-mentioned Saline-alkali Field Control method of the present invention has comprised every salt, salt discharge, saline and alkaline absorption, the aggregate measures such as soil melioration.That is: the present invention is by the metalling 2 that arranges and the hidden pipe 1 of hidden pipe desalting system, prevents saline and alkalinely to the soil horizon migration, and drains after drip washing saline and alkaline in soil.Simultaneously, the present invention is also further isolated by zeolite rubble mixed layer 3, and accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkali in absorption, this mode can be carried out drip washing by upper soll layer precipitation, adsorb lower floor saline and alkaline, prevent saline and alkalinely to soil migration, can this layer be adsorbed and saline and alkalinely drain by the crushed stone in below metalling 2 by rainfall again.Finally, the furfural dregs original soil improvement layer 6 that the present invention mixes with soil mutually by furfural dregs, regulate soil acidity or alkalinity, improves soil property, increases organic matter, finally improves soil.
Operation principle of the present invention is:
1, add furfural dregs
The characteristics that pH for coastal saline-alkali soil is high, basicity is high, salt content is high, the content of organic matter is low, soil structure is poor, the present invention also pours water after furfural dregs is mixed according to certain ratio (0.5～2:10～20) with local soil (original soil) in time, can obviously improve soil physico-chemical property, for plant provides good microcell growing environment.Its principle is to cause due to following feature that furfural dregs has: 1. furfural dregs is that acidic materials can reduce soil pH by neutralization reaction.2. contain more Ca2+ in furfural dregs, Na+ in soil colloid can be cemented out, make sodium hydrophilic colloid change calcareous hydrophobic colloid into, exchangeability Na+ is converted into solubility Na+, the downward leaching that contributes to sodium ion by pouring water, promote the formation of soil structure.3. in furfural dregs, the content of organic matter is abundant, not only can strengthen soil fertility, can also improve venting and water permeable and the fertilizer-preserving ability of soil structure, increase soil.
2, under evaporation conditions, effect of the present invention is:
1) two every salt deposit (metalling and zeolite rubble mixed layer) resistance effect
Salinity in coastal region soil has typically the characteristics of " salt comes with water, and salt goes with water ", lays the continuity of capillary pore can effectively interrupt soil after salt deposit in bottom plant pit, thereby reaches the purpose of the salt reduction that blocks water.From the Soil Moisture Dynamics angle analysis, be because the existence every salt deposit makes to change every the soil moisture potential of salt deposit and soil layer intersection.When capillary water is migrated while equating with the metalling moisture content to the intersection of soil layer and metalling and soil layer, because the porosity of metalling is greater than soil, therefore, now in metalling the matric potential of moisture higher than the matric potential of soil layer, according to the soil water the direction of motion be the rule of the direction migration that reduces towards matric potential, while causing capillary water to migrate to metalling, stagnate.When only having moisture content in the soil of native stone intersection below constantly the matric potential of accumulation and the soil water being greater than the matric potential of moisture in metalling, capillary water can be by soil layer slowly through the metalling Upward Migration.When the capillary water in rubble continues Upward Migration to zeolite rubble mixed layer, again block moisture Upward Migration in rubble, the block-water effect of zeolite is extremely strong, is the several times of traditional river sand, has again reduced the speed of soil moisture Upward Migration.
2) zeolite is inhaled salt action and mechanism
After moisture in metalling enters zeolite rubble mixed layer, when the existence of zeolite rubble mixed layer has slowed down moisture Upward Migration speed, zeolite self has following three features and can the salinity in water be adsorbed, and maximum less salinity is in the accumulation of upper soll layer.1. have the alumino-silicate skeleton structure, when in zeolite crystal structure, Si4+ is replaced by Al3+, whole crystal structure is electronegative, and in order to keep neutral, zeolite is generally compensated by alkali and alkaline earth metal ions, such as Ca2+, Na+, Ba2+ etc.2. zeolite has powerful specific surface area, the specific surface area of every gram zeolite can reach 355-1000m2, therefore the very strong 3. interior of zeolite of the adsorption capacity of zeolite all has a certain size geode, only have the molecule of size less to be adsorbed by the geode of zeolite inside, the Na+ in soil, Cl-can enter zeolite inside by zeolite adsorption by this window.
3, advantage of the present invention under condition of raining:
1) suppress moisture and move down, impel salinity fully to dissolve
Moisture after rainfall and in soil does not reach capacity under condition, energy principle according to the soil water, the current that infiltrate will be blocked every salt deposit (metalling and zeolite rubble mixed layer) by two, thereby two moisture in the soil of salt deposit top is accumulated gradually, until that the matric potential of the soil water starts to be greater than is two in salt deposit after the matric potential of moisture, the current that infiltrate could infiltrate interlayer.Contribute to so two salinities in the soil of salt deposit top to be able to abundant dissolving; Moisture in soil reaches capacity under condition, because two porositys every salt deposit are large, can promote the drip washing of soil moisture, farthest takes away the salinity dissolved in soil.The salt ion adsorbed in zeolite rubble mixed layer together can be taken away again in the process of drip washing, again be inhaled salt for zeolite under next evaporation conditions and lay the first stone.
2) hidden pipe salt discharge
Lay salt discharge hidden pipe 1 and play in the present invention direct effect and booster action.1. direct effect: lowering of watertable prevents the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil; 2. booster action: will fully dissolve soil salt and the water body that permeates the ground is drained by pipeline, thereby reach the purpose of effective reduction soil salt content.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; Although with reference to preferred embodiment, the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify or the part technical characterictic is equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention; And not breaking away from the spirit of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope that the present invention asks for protection.
Claims (4)
1. a Saline-alkali Field Control method, it is characterized in that: described Saline-alkali Field Control method comprises the steps:
A, at the underground structure hidden pipe desalting system of the primary saline-alkali soil in strand, the hidden pipe of described hidden pipe desalting system is 1m～2m apart from the height on ground;
B, lay the metalling of 5～17cm above described hidden pipe;
C, above metalling described in step B, lay the zeolite rubble mixed layer of 10～18cm, in described zeolite rubble mixed layer, zeolite: the volume ratio of rubble is 0.5～1:0.8～3, after having laid, on the top layer of zeolite rubble mixed layer, repaves geotextiles;
D, furfural dregs is mixed according to volume ratio 0.5～2:10～20 with original soil after, backfill compacting, form furfural dregs original soil improvement layer;
E, water slowly, until the moisture in soil reaches capacity after state, then the flood pouring, get rid of the salinity in soil by described hidden pipe desalting system, until the degree of depth is that in the soil in 1 meter, average total salt quantity is less than or equal to 0.5%.
2. Saline-alkali Field Control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described steps A, the diameter of described hidden pipe is 60～110mm.
3. Saline-alkali Field Control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step B, the dimensions of described metalling medium stone is 5～30mm.
4. Saline-alkali Field Control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: after described step e, and the green plants of planting on the soil after improvement.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103718686A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-04-16 | 北京东方园林股份有限公司 | Partial flow collecting, permeation enhancing and evaporation restraining saline land improvement system and method |
| CN103858554A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-06-18 | 中国冶金矿业长春矿产资源开发有限公司 | Method for governing and improving soda saline and alkaline land through magnet tailing composite modifying agents |
| CN103858555A (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2014-06-18 | 山东潍坊东盛园艺有限公司 | Method for using caustic dross to establish nursery garden on saline and alkaline land |
| CN104094693A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-10-15 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | Greening method for controlling and discharging salt stepwise in coastal saline area |
| CN104115586A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-10-29 | 宁波高新区围海工程技术开发有限公司 | Moderate and severe saline-alkali soil treatment method |
| CN105037886A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Good-pressure-resistance salt elimination concealed pipe for saline and alkali soil and application of the same |
| CN105453749A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-04-06 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Salinization removing system for in-greenhouse cultivation soil |
| CN106385836A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Treatment method for secondary saline-alkali land in Yellow-river irrigation area |
| CN107371439A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-11-24 | 潍坊职业学院 | Introduction Flowers carry out heavy saline-alkali area at seashore original soil greening method |
| CN108496625A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-09-07 | 北京东方园林环境股份有限公司 | A kind of arid region saline-alkali soil arbor plant structure and its construction method |
| CN108934262A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2018-12-07 | 爱土工程环境科技有限公司 | A kind of method of alkaline land soil desalination |
| CN110121965A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-16 | 上海科苑景观工程设计有限公司 | A kind of planting site and its modification method based on beach saline-alkali improved |
| CN111149457A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-15 | 天津大学 | Coastal saline-alkali soil engineering improvement system and method |
| CN111264114A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-12 | 中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司 | Method for promoting infiltration and reducing emission of saline-alkali soil greening soil |
| CN114568178A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-06-03 | 新疆农业大学 | Desalting and alkali removing greenhouse for desert and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN103718686B (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2015-09-16 | 北京东方园林股份有限公司 | The afflux anatonosis of a kind of local presses down alkaline land improving system and the improvement method of evaporation |
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| CN103858554A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-06-18 | 中国冶金矿业长春矿产资源开发有限公司 | Method for governing and improving soda saline and alkaline land through magnet tailing composite modifying agents |
| CN103858555A (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2014-06-18 | 山东潍坊东盛园艺有限公司 | Method for using caustic dross to establish nursery garden on saline and alkaline land |
| CN104115586A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-10-29 | 宁波高新区围海工程技术开发有限公司 | Moderate and severe saline-alkali soil treatment method |
| CN104115586B (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2015-12-09 | 宁波高新区围海工程技术开发有限公司 | Heavy salinized ground administering method in one |
| CN104094693A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-10-15 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | Greening method for controlling and discharging salt stepwise in coastal saline area |
| CN104094693B (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2016-02-24 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | A kind of greening method of beach saline land staged control salt discharge |
| CN105037886A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Good-pressure-resistance salt elimination concealed pipe for saline and alkali soil and application of the same |
| CN105453749B (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2017-06-30 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Greenhouse indoor growing soil goes salination system |
| CN105453749A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-04-06 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Salinization removing system for in-greenhouse cultivation soil |
| CN106385836A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Treatment method for secondary saline-alkali land in Yellow-river irrigation area |
| CN107371439A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-11-24 | 潍坊职业学院 | Introduction Flowers carry out heavy saline-alkali area at seashore original soil greening method |
| CN108496625A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-09-07 | 北京东方园林环境股份有限公司 | A kind of arid region saline-alkali soil arbor plant structure and its construction method |
| CN108496625B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2024-03-19 | 北京东方园林环境股份有限公司 | Arbor planting structure for saline-alkali soil in arid region and construction method thereof |
| CN108934262A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2018-12-07 | 爱土工程环境科技有限公司 | A kind of method of alkaline land soil desalination |
| CN110121965A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-16 | 上海科苑景观工程设计有限公司 | A kind of planting site and its modification method based on beach saline-alkali improved |
| CN111149457A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-15 | 天津大学 | Coastal saline-alkali soil engineering improvement system and method |
| CN111264114A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-12 | 中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司 | Method for promoting infiltration and reducing emission of saline-alkali soil greening soil |
| CN114568178A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-06-03 | 新疆农业大学 | Desalting and alkali removing greenhouse for desert and manufacturing method thereof |
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