CN103704005B - Method at arid area propagation - Google Patents
Method at arid area propagation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103704005B CN103704005B CN201410007306.XA CN201410007306A CN103704005B CN 103704005 B CN103704005 B CN 103704005B CN 201410007306 A CN201410007306 A CN 201410007306A CN 103704005 B CN103704005 B CN 103704005B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method at arid area propagation, mainly through carrying out, nursery and Semen Maydis, Helianthi one class long-stalked crop, the mode that catch cropping is cultivated, process through seed disinfection, hot water treatment of seeds, mixed husky accelerating germination, sowing, soil disinfection, apply fertilizer and topdress, the process such as field management, when Fructus Hippophae nursery stock grows tall to 20～30cm height, again planted crop is struck off, open illumination, vacating space, it is achieved propagation.The present invention carries out the method seeding and seedling raising that solid is sheltered from heat or light in arid-desert areas, and Fructus Hippophae can be avoided to be afraid of that high light is exposed to the sun seedling stage, play shelter from heat or light, keep out the wind, the effect of moisturizing, make seedling emerge well and grow, and can obtain the income of other crops of plantation simultaneously；And when nursery stock grows to after to a certain degree, it has been shown that the characteristic of strong positive seeds when needing the sunlight of abundance, i.e. harvesting crops, Fructus Hippophae nursery stock can be made to grow well, greatly increase nursery stock incubation rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, specifically a kind of method carrying out Seabuckthorn Nursery nursery in arid area.
Background technology
Xinjiang drought, desert, Gobi desert blazon wherein, are one of the most fragile areas of China's ecological environment, and particularly the winter of Northern Part of Xinjiang (be called for short Condition in North Xinjiang, lower with) is especially cold, and many fruit trees can not survive the winter.This area is it is necessary to select the seeds that anti-severe cold is drought-resistant and economic worth is high, and to take effective seedling-raising technique measure, expands excellent nursery stock quantity, extensively plants, and then reaches the purpose of controlling ecological environment.
Fructus Hippophae is a kind of ecological management and the improved seeds of economic dual-purpose, injustice has the adaptability in ecology, and there is the yielding ability in production, high efficiency economically, the advantage that particularly seedling especially has strong stress resistance, it is particularly suitable in the environment of Northern Part of Xinjiang and grows, its establishing in large scale, has positive meaning to administering the severe ecological environment in Northern Part of Xinjiang, can obtain again the benefit of economy simultaneously.
But Fructus Hippophae seedling growth can not be well adapted for for drought environment, survival rate is very low, it is impossible to adapt to implant mass needs.
Xinjiang is positioned at the innerland in the Eurasia, drought, and spring, quick heating, abnormal of short duration；Summer is hot, and evaporation capacity is big, brings many difficulties to propagation.
Therefore, a kind of disclosure satisfy that the propagation method carrying out extensive Planting of Sea-buckthorn needs in arid area is just arisen at the historic moment.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the technology of a kind of nursery of sheltering from heat or light in arid-desert area Fructus Hippophae sowing solid, so that fast breeding plays Seabuckthorn for Multipurpose Use nursery stock, the needs of excellent Seabuckthorn Nursery are planted for the severe especially location of arid-desert area environment, change the Desert ecoenvironment of this area, and promote arid area sustainable economic development, the method changing arid-desert area tradition propagation, particularly carries out, at arid-desert area high temperature early summer windy area propagation, the method that solid is sheltered from heat or light.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Nursery prepares: after the beginning of spring, general 4～May, and selecting husky earth or desert soil is nursery, ploughs deeply and polishes, spreads dropper band；Within 5～20 days, pressing the crops that the line-spacing sowing of line-spacing 2～3 meters is precocious prior to seeding, the crops of described precocity are preferably Semen Maydis, Sorghum vulgare Pers., Helianthi one class long-stalked crop.
Preferably by every mu applying organic fertilizer 1～3 ton before sowing.
Make early stage Fructus Hippophae can play when emerging keep away long-term high light, keep out the wind, the effect of moisturizing；Later stage crop can strike off seven, eight parts of ripe results, grows the demand to intense light irradiation after meeting Fructus Hippophae seedling.
Sowing Fructus Hippophae be Russia, Mongolia's Fructus Hippophae, it is preferable that kind is: palm fibre mound, Ulan sarin, on the sunny side, Altay news, Chu Yi, stingless circle Huang rich, strong, late autumn red.
Seed disinfection processes: sterilizing with potassium permanganate solution, configuration concentration is 1/5000～1/10000, soak time 1 hour, and seed is pulled out after rinsing with clear water and hoted water treatment of seeds.
Hot water treatment of seeds: in 60～70 DEG C of warm water of temperature soak 12～24 hours, the most handy normal-temperature water in centre changes water 3～5 times, then drop to without drip pure seed treats accelerating germination.
Mixed husky accelerating germination: mixing with 1 part of seed with river sand or building fine sand 2～4 parts used, sand humidity is dampness, holds and agglomerating；Mixed wet husky seed is placed on warm place, spreads out, and often stir so that it is be ventilative, upper and lower temperature equalization, through 5～8 days, when the seed of broken nozzle accounts for more than half, can sow together with sand.
Sowing: in sowing the nursery of crops of precocity, by row to starting from the seed furrow for 15～25cm, furrow width is 1～3cm about, ditch depth 0.5～1.0cm, must not more than 1.0cm, mixed husky seed is broadcasted sowing in seed furrow, after sowing, spreading last layer thin sand and soil, thickness is with 0.3～0.6cm, then compacting gently, pours water after having sowed immediately.
Soil disinfection: before after planting pouring water or after pouring water, it is desirable to spray once " carbendazim " pesticide with aerosol apparatus all in time and note, when finding to have disease to occur, medicine will being sprayed in time.
For the preventing and treating Fructus Hippophae damping-off of seedling or damping off, it is desirable to carry out soil disinfection, maybe when finding that ground, garden disease occurs, to spray medicine in time, each every mu with thiophanate methyl or carbendazim 50 grams～100 grams, be watered into 500 times of spray solutions, namely spray medicinal liquid 25～50 kilograms sprinkling diluted.
Applying fertilizer and topdress: except executing farm manure when starting from seedbed, the season of growth imposes chemical fertilizer, nitrogen application during early growth stage is fertile, later stage sealing fertilizer.
Field management, carries out after germination watering, weeding with a hoe and relevant seedling-raising technique measure in time, and pays special attention to irrigation period and be selected in morning and at dusk, it is to avoid waters when sunlight is strong, makes nursery stock withered.
To August Fructus Hippophae nursery stock grow tall to 20～30cm height time, planted crop is struck off, opens illumination, vacating space, Fructus Hippophae then and Second Year just can grow vigorously rapidly
The present invention carries out the method seeding and seedling raising that solid is sheltered from heat or light in arid-desert areas, and Fructus Hippophae can be avoided to be afraid of that high light is exposed to the sun seedling stage, play shelter from heat or light, keep out the wind, the effect of moisturizing, make seedling emerge well and grow, and can obtain the income of other crops of plantation simultaneously；And when nursery stock grows to after to a certain degree, it has been shown that the characteristic of strong positive seeds when needing the sunlight of abundance, i.e. harvesting crops, Fructus Hippophae nursery stock can be made to grow well, greatly increase nursery stock incubation rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1: 4～May after the beginning of spring.
Nursery is positioned at edge zone, western part, In The North of Xinjiang quasi-Ge Er basin, here very arid, annual rainfall average out to about 100mm, annual evaporation capacity is more than 3500mm, for more than 30 times of annual precipitation, spring quick heating, extremely of short duration, annual >=wind day of 5 grades is 119.7 days, and the wind day of >=8 grades is 70.3 days, experimental field soil property is desert sierozem, organic little.
1.5 tons of mu organic fertilizer material before sowing, then has carried out ploughing deeply polishing to soil, lays drip irrigation zone.By line-spacing 2 meters, early ripening maize in spacing in the rows 1 nanodot kind, emergence of corn after 10 days, namely start to sow Fructus Hippophae.Seed used is the spontaneous pollination seed of Russia, Mongolia's Fructus Hippophae, i.e. the seed of palm fibre mound and Ulan sarin, mu application rate 8.0 kilograms.
Broadcast front seed treatment: seed disinfection processes.Sterilizing with potassium permanganate solution, configuration concentration is 1/5000, soak time 1 hour, and seed is pulled out and rinsed 2～3 times with clear water.
With the warm water of temperature 60～65 DEG C, at one day night of soak time, centre tap water at normal temperature changes water 4 times, then anhydrate pure seed treats accelerating germination.
Mixed husky accelerating germination, mixes with 1 part of seed with building fine sand 3 parts used, and sand is with wet sand, and humidity is dampness, holds and agglomerating；Mixed wet husky seed is placed on warm place, general 15～30 DEG C, spreads out, and often stir so that it is be ventilative, and keep upper and lower temperature equalization.So through about 7 days, the broken nozzle of major part seed emits bud, when the seed of broken nozzle accounts for half, can carry out sowing together with sand.
Making in smooth nursery, by row to opening seed furrow, furrow width is about 2cm, ditch depth 0.5～1.0cm, the spacing of ditch is 30cm, broadcasts sowing mixed husky seed in seed furrow.After sowing, spreading last layer thin sand and soil, thickness is about 0.5cm, then compacting gently.Carry out drip irrigation after having sowed immediately to water.After planting 7～10 days, hippophae rhamnoides seed started to germinate, and being likely to that evening germinates is extended to about 20 days.Carry out in time after germination watering, loosen the soil, weeding or take other seedling-raising technique measure, and pay special attention to irrigation period and be preferably selected in morning and at dusk, it is to avoid water when sunlight is strong, hurt seedling.
Fructus Hippophae Seedling is raw damping-off or damping off easily, before after planting pouring water and after pouring water, all in time with aerosol apparatus spray once " carbendazim " or thiophanate methyl pesticide, each every mu with thiophanate methyl or carbendazim 50 grams～100 grams, it is watered into 500 times of spray solutions, namely medicinal liquid 25～50 kgs/acre sprinkling diluted is sprayed, as, when disease occurs with finding garden, also sprayed medicine in time in Fructus Hippophae Seedling growth course.
Becoming thoroughly decomposed except fertilizer except applying farmers' when starting from nursery, the season of growth also to impose chemical fertilizer, and nitrogen application during early growth stage is fertile, later stage sealing fertilizer, the season of growth 15 kgs/acre to fertilize.
When broadcasting hippophae rhamnoides seed, Semen Maydis is emerged, and when Fructus Hippophae seedling grows, it is high that Semen Maydis quickly grows into 30～100cm, play and shelter from heat or light, keep out the wind and moisture-keeping function, it is to avoid seedling is exposed to the sun by high light and capable and experienced hot blast blows, it is possible to well grow.High to the August Fructus Hippophae nursery stock 20～30cm that namely grows tall, now Fructus Hippophae nursery stock needs strong illumination, and Semen Maydis has been mature on the whole, namely can by harvest corn and strike off corn stalk, open illumination, vacating space, Fructus Hippophae then and Second Year can rapid healthy and strong grow, mu nursery amount up to 1～1.2 ten thousand strains.
Comparing nursery of pouring water after common broadcasting, the present invention is sheltered from heat or light by solid, makes early stage emergence rate high, survives situation good；Half of fixed foam benzene plate of comparing is nursed young plants in hothouses, and the method for the present invention can obtain more sufficient illumination in the later stage of seedling growth, thus robust growth.
Embodiment 2: compared with embodiment 1, the crops that the present embodiment difference is planted between being in that are Helianthi.
Embodiment 3: compared with embodiment 1, the crops that the present embodiment difference is planted between being in that are Sorghum vulgare Pers..
Certainly, the method for the present invention can also apply to use in condition conventional farmland preferably, repeats no more.
Claims (4)
1. the method at arid area propagation, it is characterised in that: main process is as follows:
Nursery prepares: after the beginning of spring, and selecting husky earth or desert soil is nursery, ploughs deeply and polishes, spreads dropper band, sows, Fructus Hippophae, the long-stalked crop that the line-spacing sowing pressing 2～3 meters for first 5～20 days is precocious；
Seed disinfection processes: sterilizing with potassium permanganate solution, configuration concentration is 1/5000～1/10000, soak time 30～90 minutes, and seed is pulled out after rinsing with clear water and hoted water treatment of seeds；
Hot water treatment of seeds: in 60～70 DEG C of warm water of temperature soak 12～24 hours then drop to without drip pure seed treats accelerating germination；
Mixed husky accelerating germination: mixing with 1 part of seed with river sand or building fine sand 2～4 parts used, sand humidity is dampness, holds and agglomerating；Mixed wet husky seed is placed on warm place, spreads out, and often stir so that it is be ventilative, upper and lower temperature equalization, through 5～8 days, when the seed of broken nozzle accounts for more than half, can sow together with sand；
Sowing: in sowing the nursery of long-stalked crop of precocity, by row to starting from the seed furrow for 15～25cm, furrow width 1～3cm, ditch depth 0.5～1.0cm, broadcast sowing mixed husky seed in seed furrow, after sowing, spread last layer thin sand and soil, thickness with 0.3～0.6cm, then compacting gently, pouring water immediately after having sowed, Fructus Hippophae can enter normal field management after emerging；
To August Fructus Hippophae nursery stock grow tall to 20～30cm height time, the long-stalked crop being planted precocity is struck off, opens illumination, vacating space, in order to Fructus Hippophae is then and the growth of Second Year；
The long-stalked crop of described precocity is the one in Semen Maydis, Sorghum vulgare Pers., Helianthi；
Before Fructus Hippophae is after planting poured water or after pouring water, all use and spray once " carbendazim " or thiophanate methyl carries out soil disinfection, each mu consumption carbendazim or thiophanate methyl 50 grams～100 grams, be watered into 400～600 times of solution and spray.
2. the method at arid area propagation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: when nursery prepares by every mu applying organic fertilizer 1～3 ton.
3. the method at arid area propagation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described organic fertilizer is farm manure, and except executing farm manure when nursery prepares, the season of growth imposes chemical fertilizer, and nitrogen application during early growth stage is fertile, later stage sealing fertilizer.
4. the method at arid area propagation according to claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that: when hoting water treatment of seeds, centre normal-temperature water changes water 3～5 times.
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| CN201410007306.XA CN103704005B (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-08 | Method at arid area propagation |
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| CN201310528219 | 2013-10-31 | ||
| CN2013105282194 | 2013-10-31 | ||
| CN201310528219.4 | 2013-10-31 | ||
| CN201410007306.XA CN103704005B (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-08 | Method at arid area propagation |
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| CN103704005B true CN103704005B (en) | 2016-07-06 |
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| CN104082003B (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2016-06-01 | 中国科学院成都生物研究所 | A kind of Fruit of Cherokee Rose method for fast asexual propagation |
| CN107926467A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-04-20 | 四川省自然资源科学研究院 | A kind of extremely frigid zones hippophae rhamnoides seed method for culturing seedlings |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6631585B1 (en) * | 2001-01-02 | 2003-10-14 | Marvin J. Williams, Jr. | Intercropping process |
| CN103283437A (en) * | 2013-05-01 | 2013-09-11 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Method for planting sea-buckthorn in gobi of alpine regions |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6631585B1 (en) * | 2001-01-02 | 2003-10-14 | Marvin J. Williams, Jr. | Intercropping process |
| CN103283437A (en) * | 2013-05-01 | 2013-09-11 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Method for planting sea-buckthorn in gobi of alpine regions |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 寒温带半干旱地区沙棘育苗技术;肖增发等;《防护林科技》;20070730(第4期);第137页左栏第1-31行 * |
| 沙棘种子育苗技术;李红美;《榆林科技》;20110730;第46页右栏倒数第7-10行 * |
| 银杏大田育苗模式研究;江永清等;《林业科技通讯》;19990930;全文 * |
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