CN103695628B - The nano combined surface treatment method of a kind of metallic substance laser peening - Google Patents
The nano combined surface treatment method of a kind of metallic substance laser peening Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the nano combined surface treatment method of a kind of metallic substance laser peening, relate to material surface modifying technology.Its key step is: 1) metallic substance work surface is carried out pre-treatment; 2) on pretreated work surface, carry out micro forming, process very low power; 3) by nano ceramic powder pre-implant very low power, and on work surface, skim metal is covered; 4) absorption layer and restraint layer are arranged on sheet metal surface; 5) metallic substance work surface is carried out laser peening process, obtain the compound surface of nano-particle reinforcement.The present invention can prepare the nano-particle reinforcement compound surface that nano particle is uniformly distributed, upper layer crystal grain is tiny, effectively improves metal material surface characteristics.Present invention process process is simple, easy to operate, is suitable for large-scale batch production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the process for modifying surface field of metallic substance, refer in particular to the nano combined surface treatment method of a kind of metallic substance laser peening.
Background technology
Metallic element can be subject to the effect of various load in actual application, and this long-term load effect will cause it to lose efficacy.Component lost efficacy and usually betided its surface, and therefore, surface strengthening is the important means extending its work-ing life.Laser peening is a kind of novel metal surface properties modification technology, has been widely used in the surface strengthening of various metallic element, has obtained good effect.Laser peening is that the high-pressure shocking wave produced by the induction of high energy ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser makes material surface generation intense plastic strain, and change material surface microtexture and stressed condition improve the method for material surface performance.Research shows, laser peening can effective fining metal material surface microtexture, produces the residual compressive stress of Gao Ershen, significantly improves material surface performance, as hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance nature, anti-fatigue performance etc.
Nano material has excellent mechanical property, therefore, it can be used as wild phase to add in metallic substance and can play significant strengthening effect.And along with the reduction of nanometer reinforcing phase yardstick and the increase of volume fraction, strengthening effect increases gradually.Based on this, develop nano-particle reinforcement compound surface to improve the surface property of metallic substance.The patent No. is that the patent application of JP2006-017502 proposes the method being prepared nano-particle reinforcement compound surface by bullet mechanical impact, to improve the surface property of material.But the method surging force is less, and strain rate is lower, should not prepare thicker particle reinforce compound surface, efficiency is also lower, and is difficult to process complex-shaped component.Along with the development of Laser Peening Technology, the range of application of its surface modification is also expanded, and has developed the nano coating technology of preparing based on laser peening gradually.The patent No. is that the patent application of CN101787528B and CN101736214B describes the method and apparatus by laser peening, nano particle implantation material surface being improved its surface property.This is immediate patent application with the present invention, but has much essence different from the present invention.First, the present invention adopts the pre-injection type laser peening method combining surface micro-moulding and laser peening to prepare nano combined upper layer, namely first at metal material surface processing very low power, by nano particle pre-implant wherein, then cover skim metal, then carry out laser peening process; And the patent application that the patent No. is CN101787528B and CN101736214B is all that directly nano particle is laid on material surface carries out laser peening.Secondly, the present invention can obtain the nano-particle reinforcement compound surface that nano particle is more evenly distributed, and its thickness is thicker, much larger than the thickness of several microns that existing method obtains, and better strongthener surface property.Finally, when existing method carries out laser peening, easily cause coming off and splashing of precoating nano-particle layer, cause the discontinuous and nano particle skewness of nano-particle reinforcement layer; The present invention adopts pre-injection type laser peening method under the mutual interlock of the sheet metal of very low power and surface coverage, effectively can to retrain nano-ceramic particle, avoid the generation of this phenomenon.
For existing method Problems existing, the present invention starts with from preparation technology, the nano combined surface treatment method of a kind of metallic substance laser peening is proposed, the pre-injection type laser peening method adopting surface micro-moulding to combine with laser peening prepares nano-particle reinforcement compound surface, mainly by the ultra-high voltage surging force of induced with laser, the nano-ceramic particle of pre-implant very low power is embedded bottom very low power with in the matrix metal of two side and the sheet metal of covering under very low power and the interlock covering sheet metal retrain, the sheet metal simultaneously making upper surface cover is cold-welded to metal material surface under forced plasticity deforming drives, final acquisition surface microstructure is tiny, nano-ceramic particle is evenly distributed, residual compressive stress Gao Ershen, the compound surface that thickness is large, produce refined crystalline strengthening, the cooperative reinforcing effect of nano reinforcement and working hardening, significantly improve metal material surface characteristics.This technological process is simple, pollution-free, easy to operate, is suitable for large-scale batch production.Therefore, the high performance uniform nanoparticles of high thickness can be prepared at metal material surface by the present invention and strengthen compound surface, meet the demand of practical application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of metallic substance laser peening nano combined surface treatment method, it is in conjunction with the advantage of laser peening and nano material, adopt the pre-injection type laser peening method process metal material surface that surface micro-moulding combines with laser peening, sheet metal upper surface being covered by ultra-high voltage surging force is cold-welded to metal material surface under forced plasticity deforming drives, make the nano-ceramic particle of pre-implant very low power embed in the sheet metal on surface and in the matrix metal of bottom very low power and two side simultaneously, acquisition surface microstructure is tiny, nano-ceramic particle is evenly distributed, the compound surface that residual compressive stress is high, produce refined crystalline strengthening, the cooperative reinforcing effect of nano reinforcement and working hardening, significantly improve metal material surface characteristics.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problem is: adopt the pre-injection type laser peening method process metal material surface that surface micro-moulding combines with laser peening, nano-ceramic particle is made to be uniformly distributed in material surface, its surface microstructure of effective refinement, form the thin brilliant compound surface that thick nano particle evenly strengthens, significantly improve metal material surface characteristics.Its concrete steps are:
1) metallic substance work surface is carried out polish, polishing, cleaning and dry pre-treatment;
2) on pretreated work surface, carry out micro forming, process very low power;
3) by nano ceramic powder pre-implant very low power, and on work surface, skim metal is covered;
4) absorption layer and restraint layer are arranged on sheet metal surface;
5) metallic substance work surface is carried out laser peening process, obtain the compound surface of nano-particle reinforcement.
Described metallic substance is metallic aluminium, aluminium alloy, MAGNESIUM METAL, magnesium alloy, metallic copper, copper alloy, metal titanium, titanium alloy, metallic nickel, nickelalloy, cast iron or steel.
The shape of described very low power is square, V-arrangement, U-shaped, semicircle or inverted trapezoidal, and the upper edge hole width of described very low power is 100-200 μm, and the degree of depth of very low power is 20-50 μm.
Described nano ceramic powder is SiC, TiC, WC, ZrC, Si
3n
4, AlN, TiN, BN, ZrN, VN, SiO
2, Al
2o
3, ZrO
2, TiB
2, ZrB
2in the mixed powder of one or more.
The mean diameter of described nano ceramic powder is 10-100nm.
Described sheet metal is metallic aluminium, aluminium alloy, MAGNESIUM METAL, magnesium alloy, metallic copper, copper alloy, metal titanium, titanium alloy, metallic nickel, nickelalloy, metallic iron or steel, and thickness is 10-40 μm.
Described absorption layer is pitch-dark, and restraint layer is glass or flowing water.
Described laser peening processing parameter is: laser power density is 1-10GW/cm
2, laser pulse width is 5-40ns, and spot diameter is 1-10mm, and overlapping rate is 20%-80%.
The invention has the advantages that: the advantage that present invention incorporates laser peening and nano material, the pre-injection type laser peening method adopting surface micro-moulding to combine with laser peening prepares the metallic substance compound surface of nano-particle reinforcement, simultaneously refinement metal material surface crystal grain, define the surface compress residual stresses of Gao Ershen, thus significantly improve its surface property.The very low power that surface micro-moulding is formed not only plays the effect of carrying nano-ceramic particle, and the sheet metal of itself and surface coverage links mutually, play the effect of constraint nano-ceramic particle, produce under laser peening condition to avoid nano-ceramic particle and come off and splash phenomena, be beneficial to nano-ceramic particle to embed better in the sheet metal on surface and in the matrix metal of bottom very low power and two side, make nano-ceramic particle evenly distribution, obtain thicker nano-particle reinforcement compound surface; Laser peening belongs to cold conditions high strain-rate viscous deformation treatment process, it not only makes the nano-ceramic particle of pre-implant very low power embed in the sheet metal on surface and in the matrix metal of bottom very low power and two side by ultra-high voltage surging force, the sheet metal simultaneously making upper surface cover is cold-welded to metal material surface under forced plasticity deforming drives, and effective refinement surface microstructure tissue, define the surface compress residual stresses of Gao Ershen, create the cooperative reinforcing effect of refined crystalline strengthening, nano reinforcement and working hardening, significantly improve metal material surface characteristics.Therefore, the present invention can obtain that surface microstructure is tiny, nano-ceramic particle is evenly distributed, the high thickness compound surface of residual compressive stress Gao Ershen, significantly improves metal material surface characteristics, extends its work-ing life.Present invention process process is simple, easy to operate, is suitable for large-scale batch production.
Embodiment
In the present invention, the nano combined surface treatment of metallic substance laser peening is that the complex method combined with laser peening by surface micro-moulding is realized.First metallic substance work surface is carried out pre-treatment, and micro forming is carried out on the work surface handled well, process very low power, then by nano ceramic powder pre-implant very low power, and on work surface, cover skim metal, absorption layer and restraint layer are set again, finally carry out laser peening process, obtain the compound surface that nano-ceramic particle strengthens.The nano-ceramic particle enhancing compound surface thickness adopting the present invention to obtain is large, crystal grain is tiny, nano particle is evenly distributed, residual compressive stress Gao Ershen, significantly improves its surface property, extends its work-ing life.
Embodiment 1:
1) metallic substance aluminium alloy work surface is carried out polish, polishing, cleaning and dry pre-treatment;
2) on pretreated work surface, carry out micro forming, processing upper edge hole width is 100 μm, and the degree of depth is the square very low power of 20 μm;
3) by the SiC nano ceramic powder pre-implant very low power of 10nm, and on work surface, the sheet metal of 10 μm is covered;
4) pitch-dark as absorption layer at sheet metal surface application, and glass is set as restraint layer;
5) metallic substance work surface is carried out laser peening process, laser power density is 10GW/cm
2, laser pulse width is 40ns, and spot diameter is 10mm, and overlapping rate is 40%, obtains the compound surface of nano-particle reinforcement.
The hardness adopting microhardness instrument to test laser peening nano-particle reinforcement compound surface is 221HV, improves about 47% compared with the hardness of conventional laser bead blasted surfaces.
Embodiment 2:
1) metallic substance soft steel work surface is carried out polish, polishing, cleaning and dry pre-treatment;
2) on pretreated work surface, carry out micro forming, processing upper edge hole width is 200 μm, and the degree of depth is the V-arrangement very low power of 50 μm;
3) by the TiN nano ceramic powder pre-implant very low power of 100nm, and on work surface, the sheet metal of 40 μm is covered;
4) pitch-dark as absorption layer at sheet metal surface application, and flowing water is set as restraint layer;
5) metallic substance work surface is carried out laser peening process, laser power density is 1GW/cm
2, laser pulse width is 5ns, and spot diameter is 1mm, and overlapping rate is 20%, obtains the compound surface of nano-particle reinforcement.
The hardness adopting microhardness instrument to test laser peening nano-particle reinforcement compound surface is 289HV, improves about 30% compared with the hardness of conventional laser bead blasted surfaces.
Embodiment 3:
1) pure for metallic substance titanium work surface is carried out polish, polishing, cleaning and dry pre-treatment;
2) on pretreated work surface, carry out micro forming, processing upper edge hole width is 160 μm, and the degree of depth is the trapezoidal very low power of 40 μm;
3) by the TiB of 40nm
2in nano ceramic powder pre-implant very low power, and on work surface, cover the sheet metal of 30 μm;
4) pitch-dark as absorption layer at sheet metal surface application, and glass is set as restraint layer;
5) metallic substance work surface is carried out laser peening process, laser power density is 8GW/cm
2, laser pulse width is 30ns, and spot diameter is 5mm, and overlapping rate is 80%, obtains the compound surface of nano-particle reinforcement.
The hardness adopting microhardness instrument to test laser peening nano-particle reinforcement compound surface is 196HV, improves about 51% compared with the hardness of conventional laser bead blasted surfaces.
Embodiment 4:
1) metallic substance magnesium alloy work surface is carried out polish, polishing, cleaning and dry pre-treatment;
2) on pretreated work surface, carry out micro forming, processing upper edge hole width is 130 μm, and the degree of depth is the semicircle very low power of 30 μm;
3) by the Al of 60nm
2o
3in nano ceramic powder pre-implant very low power, and on work surface, cover the sheet metal of 20 μm;
4) pitch-dark as absorption layer at sheet metal surface application, and flowing water is set as restraint layer;
5) metallic substance work surface is carried out laser peening process, laser power density is 5GW/cm
2, laser pulse width is 20ns, and spot diameter is 3mm, and overlapping rate is 60%, obtains the compound surface of nano-particle reinforcement.
The hardness adopting microhardness instrument to test laser peening nano-particle reinforcement compound surface is 167HV, improves about 39% compared with the hardness of conventional laser bead blasted surfaces.
Claims (8)
1. the nano combined surface treatment method of metallic substance laser peening, it is characterized in that, in conjunction with the advantage of laser peening and nano material, adopt the pre-injection type laser peening method process metal material surface that surface micro-moulding combines with laser peening, by the ultra-high voltage surging force of induced with laser, the nano-ceramic particle of pre-implant very low power is embedded bottom very low power with in the matrix metal of two side and the sheet metal of covering under very low power and the interlock covering sheet metal retrain, the sheet metal simultaneously making upper surface cover is cold-welded to metal material surface under forced plasticity deforming drives, final acquisition surface microstructure is tiny, nano-ceramic particle is evenly distributed, residual compressive stress Gao Ershen, the compound surface that thickness is large, concrete steps are:
A) metallic substance work surface is carried out polish, polishing, cleaning and dry pre-treatment;
B) on pretreated work surface, carry out micro forming, process very low power;
C) by nano ceramic powder pre-implant very low power, and on work surface, skim metal is covered;
D) absorption layer and restraint layer are arranged on sheet metal surface;
E) metallic substance work surface is carried out laser peening process, obtain the compound surface of nano-particle reinforcement.
2. the nano combined surface treatment method of a kind of metallic substance laser peening according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described steps A) metallic substance be metallic aluminium, aluminium alloy, MAGNESIUM METAL, magnesium alloy, metallic copper, copper alloy, metal titanium, titanium alloy, metallic nickel, nickelalloy, cast iron or steel.
3. the nano combined surface treatment method of a kind of metallic substance laser peening according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step B) the shape of very low power be square, V-arrangement, U-shaped, semicircle or inverted trapezoidal, the upper edge hole width of described very low power is 100-200 μm, and the degree of depth of very low power is 20-50 μm.
4. the nano combined surface treatment method of a kind of metallic substance laser peening according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step C) nano ceramic powder be SiC, TiC, WC, ZrC, Si
3n
4, AlN, TiN, BN, ZrN, VN, SiO
2, Al
2o
3, ZrO
2, TiB
2, ZrB
2in the mixed powder of one or more.
5. the nano combined surface treatment method of a kind of metallic substance laser peening according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step C) the mean diameter of nano ceramic powder be 10-100nm.
6. the nano combined surface treatment method of a kind of metallic substance laser peening according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step C) sheet metal be metallic aluminium, aluminium alloy, MAGNESIUM METAL, magnesium alloy, metallic copper, copper alloy, metal titanium, titanium alloy, metallic nickel, nickelalloy, metallic iron or steel, thickness is 10-40 μm.
7. the nano combined surface treatment method of a kind of metallic substance laser peening according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step D) absorption layer be pitch-dark, restraint layer is glass or flowing water.
8. the nano combined surface treatment method of a kind of metallic substance laser peening according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step e) laser peening processing parameter be: laser power density is 1-10GW/cm
2, laser pulse width is 5-40ns, and spot diameter is 1-10mm, and overlapping rate is 20%-80%.
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| CN101318262A (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2008-12-10 | 江苏大学 | Laser micro-modelling method for cam surface profile |
| CN101392382B (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2010-08-11 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for strengthening surface modification by combination of laser cladding and laser peening |
| CN101787528B (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2012-11-07 | 江苏大学 | Nano coating preparation device based on ultrafast ultrahigh pressure photodynamics effect |
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