CN102392105A - Metal workpiece surface laser bionic strengthening method and device - Google Patents
Metal workpiece surface laser bionic strengthening method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102392105A CN102392105A CN2011103695598A CN201110369559A CN102392105A CN 102392105 A CN102392105 A CN 102392105A CN 2011103695598 A CN2011103695598 A CN 2011103695598A CN 201110369559 A CN201110369559 A CN 201110369559A CN 102392105 A CN102392105 A CN 102392105A
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Abstract
The invention provides a metal workpiece surface laser bionic strengthening method and a device, and the method comprises the following steps: step 1, designing a plane or a space curve skeleton aiming at parts on a metal workpiece surface which are easy to be destroyed; step 2, melting the metal workpiece surface by a laser heating method according to the designed curve skeleton so as to form a bionic unit body. Not only the invention can enhance the wear resistance and the thermal fatigue resistance of the metal workpiece surface, and greatly improve the service life, but also the strengthening process is simple and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal works surface reinforcing method and device, relate in particular to bionic reinforced method of a kind of metal works surface laser and device, belong to the metal material processing technical field.
Background technology
Bionics begins one's study and uses in field of materials in recent years, has very much prospect in the field that manufactures and designs of metallic substance.Many metal partss are arranged because of the function needs, not only need high toughness but also need higher hardness and intensity, adopt mimic biology surface soft or hard bonded tissue can realize desired performance.
Usually exist restricting relation between the strength and toughness, the strength of materials increases, and always is accompanied by the reduction of toughness of material.Requiring the high-intensity while, require material that high toughness is arranged again, is very difficult.It is varied that highly malleablized is handled, but after summing up, basically all obtain the highly malleablized effect through approach such as quench hot and high tempering, low temperature quenchings: make full use of lath martensite and following shellfish body tissue form, reduce plate martensite as far as possible; The austenite crystal of refinement steel and superfluous carbide obtain martensite and second mutually the complex tissue with good plasticity.Metal works surface Hardening Treatment technology mainly contains gas nitriding method, ionitriding, electric spark surface peening method, boronising, TD method, CVD method, PVD method, BRN method, laser surface intensified method, plasma spraying method etc.But these traditional treatment method regular meetings form tensile residual stresses at workpiece surface, reduce the work-ing life of workpiece, owing to be that efficient is low to surperficial bulk treatment, cost is higher simultaneously.
With typical metal parts---mold cores, die cavity are example, and research shows, utilizes the tissue of the bionic reinforced technology of laser in die surface formation " soft or hard combination ", can improve die life more than at least 50%, brings great economic benefit to enterprise.For example one Chinese patent application 200610016699.6 has proposed a kind of metallizing powder that passes through in the metallic surface, adds chemical element, utilizes LASER HEATING to realize bionic reinforced process method and preparation facilities.But, because it needs to have complex process, the high problem of higher of cost at metal works surface metallization powder.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide bionic reinforced method of a kind of metal works surface laser and device; Directly utilize laser that consolidation is carried out on the metal works surface, form space enhancing unit body skeleton, change the tissue in consolidation zone at workpiece surface; Reach the purpose of reinforcement; Digital control processing is carried out on metal works surface to having the spatial complex profile, realizes having metal works surface bionic reinforced of space free curved surface, to solve the high problem of complex process, cost that prior art exists.
To achieve these goals, the bionic reinforced method of metal works surface laser provided by the invention may further comprise the steps: destructive position, design plane or space curve skeleton, take place to the metal works surface in step 1 easily; Step 2, the curve skeleton according to design utilizes the method for LASER HEATING that consolidation is carried out on the metal works surface, to form bionical cell cube.
To achieve these goals, the bionic reinforced device of metal works surface laser provided by the invention comprises laser apparatus, is used to launch laser so that the metal works surface is heated; The five degree of freedom interlocking equipment; Comprise worktable and column; Said worktable in horizontal plane, have mutually perpendicular X to, Y to translation freedoms, said column top is provided with the double pendulum headstock, said double pendulum headstock has vertical Z to one-movement-freedom-degree; Said double pendulum headstock is provided with the first vertical turning axle of axis; The said first turning axle lower end is provided with second turning axle of axis horizontal, the axis normal of the axis of said first turning axle and said second turning axle, and the laser head of said laser apparatus is located on second turning axle and is made laser beam consistent with the metal works normal to a surface all the time; System; Be connected with control with the five degree of freedom interlocking equipment, coordinate the action of said laser apparatus and five degree of freedom interlocking equipment with said laser apparatus, and metal works is carried out laser reinforcing according to the geometrical shape of the profile of the space lattice of preset laser processing technology parameter and metal works, workpiece and size, cell cube.
Can know that to above-mentioned analysis the present invention can form soft or hard bonded structure on the metal works surface, laser reinforcing position hardness is high (higher by 50 ~ 300HV) than matrix; Wear resistance is good; Matrix hardness is lower, keeps good toughness, and workpiece is wear-resistant to improving, anti-fatigue performance is very favourable; Experiment shows that the life-span of the metal works after the reinforcement can be improved 1 ~ 3 times.The present invention can also be directed against different metallic material and different free profiles, through selecting the different laser parameter, obtains the enhancing unit body of the different in width and the degree of depth, constitutes spatial enhancement curve skeleton, satisfies the performance requriements of processed workpiece.Device provided by the invention comprises the five degree of freedom interlocking equipment, and level of automation is high, and production efficiency is high.。
Description of drawings
Structure diagram when Fig. 1 moves for apparatus of the present invention preferred embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the five degree of freedom interlocking equipment structural representation of apparatus of the present invention preferred embodiment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is explained further details.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show the schematic structure of apparatus of the present invention preferred embodiment basically, and Fig. 1-bionic reinforced device preferred embodiment of metal works surface laser of the present invention shown in Figure 2 comprises laser head J, five degree of freedom interlocking equipment and the not shown system of the laser apparatus shown in the figure.The laser head J of laser apparatus is used to launch laser so that the metal works surface is heated.Because the structure and the method for use of laser apparatus are known technology, repeat no more at this.
As shown in Figure 2, the five degree of freedom interlocking equipment comprise worktable XY, lathe bed 1, double pendulum headstock 2, counterweight hoist cable 3, column 4 and X to feed mechanism X1, Y to feed mechanism Y1, Z to feed mechanism Z1, the B axial feed B1 of mechanism, the C axial feed C1 of mechanism.Y is installed on the lathe bed 1 to feed mechanism Y1, and X is installed in Y on feed mechanism Y1 to feed mechanism X1, and worktable XY goes up and places metal works G.Whereby, worktable XY in horizontal plane, have mutually perpendicular X to, Y to translation freedoms, the double pendulum headstock 2 that column 4 tops are provided with has vertical Z to one-movement-freedom-degree.In order to increase the balance of double pendulum headstock 2, column 4 tops are equipped with counterweight hoist cable 3, and Z1 links to each other with Z axle feed mechanism.Double pendulum headstock 2 is provided with the vertical turning axle C2 by feed mechanism C1 driving of axis; Turning axle C2 lower end is provided with the turning axle B3 by feed mechanism B1 driving of axis horizontal; The axis normal of the axis of turning axle C2 and turning axle B3, the support B2 that the laser head J of laser apparatus is located at turning axle B3 goes up and makes laser beam consistent with metal works G normal to a surface all the time.
System and laser apparatus are connected with control, coordinate the action of laser apparatus and five degree of freedom interlocking equipment with the five degree of freedom interlocking equipment, and according to the geometrical shape of the profile of the space lattice of preset laser processing technology parameter and metal works, workpiece and size, cell cube metal works are carried out laser reinforcing.
Below in conjunction with the use of apparatus of the present invention preferred embodiment, the inventive method preferred embodiment is further specified.
It is mimic biology " soft or hard " bonded structure that the present invention carries out bionic reinforced to metal works G surface; Be processed to form the cell cube that a series of rules distribute on metal works G surface through laser melting; These cell cubes are at metal works G space forming surface curve skeleton Q; And have and the distinct tissue of matrix, they can play the effect that improves workpiece heat-resistant anti-fatigue and rub resistance polishing machine at workpiece surface.
When apparatus of the present invention preferred embodiment moves, pending metal works G is installed on the two-freedom worktable XY.
At first, to metal works G surface the destructive position takes place easily, design space curve skeleton Q, and be preset in the system.
Then, on metal works G surface, according to the space curve skeleton Q of design; Utilize laser head J heating; Carry out the processing of bionical cell cube, according to the different workpiece material, the laser parameter that needs to be provided with comprises defocusing amount, electric current, PW, frequency, speed and path direction.The width of space curve skeleton Q is preferably 0.01 ~ 12mm, and the degree of depth is 0.01 ~ 10mm, and hardness (HV) can be up to 50 ~ 400 than metal matrix material.When laser head J heated the metal works surface according to space curve skeleton Q, through the control of system, worktable XY was driven to feed mechanism to feed mechanism, Y by X and carries out the motion of both direction; Laser head J drives via B axial feed B1 of mechanism and the C axial feed C1 of mechanism; It has two rotary freedoms; Moreover double pendulum headstock 2 has Z to degree of freedom, and laser head J emitted laser bundle can be at the surperficial any point of the metal works G of complicacy with the direction heating consistent with this normal like this.
The system of apparatus of the present invention embodiment comprises computingmachine and other conversion of signals, interconnecting piece, and this computingmachine can embed " the bionic reinforced technological data bank of laser ".The important component part of " the bionic reinforced technological data bank of laser " is the working process parameter DB, and this DB is that a large amount of experimental datas are summed up and optimization.In the DB, each bar data logging comprises parameter three parts of material, laser and cell cube, and material parameter comprises the trade mark of metal works material, original microstructure, hardness; Laser parameter comprises frequency, strength of current, pulsewidth, the sweep velocity of laser apparatus, and the cell cube parameter comprises the microstructure after the regularity of distribution, width, the degree of depth, hardness, processing of cell cube.Therefore, the system of apparatus of the present invention embodiment can be provided with the laser processing technology parameter according to the cell cube size of customer requirements on the one hand; Can comprise the profile of workpiece and the geometrical shape of size, cell cube according to the information of user input on the other hand, the space lattice that designs forms numerical control reinforcement work program automatically.
When apparatus of the present invention embodiment has the vehicle cover plate die casting of sealing shaped as frame enhancing unit distributional pattern on the manufacturing surface; According to mould base material and surperficial working stress distribution situation; It is bionic reinforced that surface laser is carried out at the position that mould is easy to be damaged, and moulding stock is SKD61, according to die cavity geometric jacquard patterning unit surface curvature information; With electric current 180A, pulsewidth 8ms, frequency 5HZ, defocusing amount 6.5mm, speed 0.5mm/s, single-point energy density are the laser beam vertical sweep mold cavity surface of 418J; Forming enhancing unit body width is that 0.8mm, the reinforcement degree of depth are that 0.9mm is the space curve skeleton.Processing test back cell cube hardness is 600HV, and than the high 90 ~ 120V of body material, wear resistance, thermal fatigue significantly improve, and the die life with laser bionic surface has improved 2 times before strengthening.
Apparatus of the present invention embodiment is when making vehicle that the surface has rectangle enhancing unit distributional pattern with the base plate die casting; According to mould base material and surperficial working stress distribution situation; It is bionic reinforced that surface laser is carried out at the position that mould is easy to be damaged, and moulding stock is H13, according to die cavity geometric jacquard patterning unit surface curvature information; With electric current 150A, pulsewidth 8ms, frequency 5HZ, defocusing amount 5.0mm, speed 0.6mm/s, single-point energy density are the laser beam vertical sweep mold cavity surface of 333J; Forming enhancing unit body width is that 0.7mm, the reinforcement degree of depth are that 0.8mm is the space curve skeleton.Processing test back cell cube hardness is 590HV, and than the high 80 ~ 100V of body material, wear resistance, thermal fatigue significantly improve, and the die life with laser bionic surface has improved 1.8 times before strengthening.
To sum up; The present invention can be directed against the different metallic body material through a kind of process method and device that can effectively improve metal works surface thermal fatigue resistance and wear resistance is provided, and adopts suitable processing parameter; Utilize LASER HEATING; Making metal works surface form the enhancing unit volume morphing is the process method of space curve skeleton, and enhancing unit distributes and meets bionics principle, has not only guaranteed the toughness of base material but also has improved the intensity of mold cavity surface.Whereby, the present invention can effectively improve metallic surface thermal fatigue resistance and metallic surface wear resistance, and the ratio of performance to price is good, and production efficiency is high.The method and apparatus provided by the invention self-adaptation that can conveniently realize the controlled and laser parameter of metal works surface strengthening track that combines is regulated; Thereby form the bionic reinforced unit different with the metallic matrix weave construction; Make workpiece prolong 1-3 doubly work-ing life, greatly reduce production cost.
Can know that by technological general knowledge the present invention can realize through other the embodiment that does not break away from its spirit or essential feature.Therefore, above-mentioned disclosed embodiment with regard to each side, all just illustrates, and is not only.All within the scope of the present invention or the change in being equal to scope of the present invention all comprised by the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the bionic reinforced method of metal works surface laser is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: destructive position, design plane or space curve skeleton take place easily to the metal works surface;
Step 2: the curve skeleton according to design, utilize the method for LASER HEATING that consolidation is carried out on the metal works surface, to form bionical cell cube.
2. the bionic reinforced method of metal works surface laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that the width of said curve skeleton is 0.01 ~ 12mm, and the degree of depth is 0.01 ~ 10mm.
3. the bionic reinforced device of metal works surface laser is characterized in that, comprising:
Laser apparatus is used to launch laser the metal works surface is heated;
The five degree of freedom interlocking equipment; Comprise worktable and column; Said worktable in horizontal plane, have mutually perpendicular X to, Y to translation freedoms, said column top is provided with the double pendulum headstock, said double pendulum headstock has vertical Z to one-movement-freedom-degree; Said double pendulum headstock is provided with the first vertical turning axle of axis; The said first turning axle lower end is provided with second turning axle of axis horizontal, the axis normal of the axis of said first turning axle and said second turning axle, and the laser head of said laser apparatus is located on second turning axle and is made laser beam consistent with the metal works normal to a surface all the time;
System; Be connected with control with the five degree of freedom interlocking equipment, coordinate the action of said laser apparatus and five degree of freedom interlocking equipment with said laser apparatus, and metal works is carried out laser reinforcing according to the geometrical shape of the profile of the space lattice of preset laser processing technology parameter and metal works, workpiece and size, cell cube.
4. the bionic reinforced device of metal works surface laser according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said column top is equipped with the counterweight hoist cable, is connected with the feed mechanism of said double pendulum headstock.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102618699A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-08-01 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Multipoint parallel laser bionic intensification method and device for surface of machine tool guide rail |
| CN102962753A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-03-13 | 飞迅科技(苏州)有限公司 | Universal polishing mechanism |
| CN103252582A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-08-21 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Laser wire-filling local bionic-texture manufacturing method and equipment for metal functional surfaces |
| CN103920999A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-07-16 | 江苏大学 | Magnetron laser bionic compound reinforcing method |
| CN104668778A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-06-03 | 吉林大学 | Hot-working die surface multipoint combination type bionic machining device and strengthening repair method |
| CN106181061A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-07 | 昆山传适达汽车传动***有限公司 | For realizing laser processing device and the method for circular hole cutting |
| CN106521101A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-03-22 | 深圳领威科技有限公司 | Method for promoting depression resistance of template surface and template surface strengthening equipment |
| CN107186356A (en) * | 2017-05-21 | 2017-09-22 | 苏州亮磊知识产权运营有限公司 | A kind of intelligent laser cutting machine tool |
| CN109252018A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-22 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | A kind of metallic matrix and surface treatment method of surface peening |
| CN109411384A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-01 | 北京半导体专用设备研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第四十五研究所） | Laser emitter, laser pickoff, wafer planometer and wafer survey quadratic method |
| CN114473215A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-05-13 | 江苏拜欧尼克智能科技有限公司 | Bionic strengthening method of titanium alloy die forging die |
| CN114525381A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-05-24 | 国网新疆电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Laser patterning local heat treatment method and hardware treated by same |
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Cited By (15)
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| CN102618699A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-08-01 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Multipoint parallel laser bionic intensification method and device for surface of machine tool guide rail |
| CN102962753A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-03-13 | 飞迅科技(苏州)有限公司 | Universal polishing mechanism |
| CN103252582A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-08-21 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Laser wire-filling local bionic-texture manufacturing method and equipment for metal functional surfaces |
| CN103920999A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-07-16 | 江苏大学 | Magnetron laser bionic compound reinforcing method |
| CN103920999B (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-11-18 | 江苏大学 | The bionical composite strengthening method of a kind of magnetic control laser |
| CN104668778A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-06-03 | 吉林大学 | Hot-working die surface multipoint combination type bionic machining device and strengthening repair method |
| CN106181061A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-07 | 昆山传适达汽车传动***有限公司 | For realizing laser processing device and the method for circular hole cutting |
| CN106181061B (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-06-01 | 苏州普热斯勒先进成型技术有限公司 | It is used to implement the laser processing device and method of circular hole cutting |
| CN106521101A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-03-22 | 深圳领威科技有限公司 | Method for promoting depression resistance of template surface and template surface strengthening equipment |
| CN107186356A (en) * | 2017-05-21 | 2017-09-22 | 苏州亮磊知识产权运营有限公司 | A kind of intelligent laser cutting machine tool |
| CN109252018A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-22 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | A kind of metallic matrix and surface treatment method of surface peening |
| CN109411384A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-01 | 北京半导体专用设备研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第四十五研究所） | Laser emitter, laser pickoff, wafer planometer and wafer survey quadratic method |
| CN109411384B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-10-02 | 北京半导体专用设备研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第四十五研究所） | Laser transmitter, laser receiver, wafer leveling device and wafer leveling method |
| CN114525381A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-05-24 | 国网新疆电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Laser patterning local heat treatment method and hardware treated by same |
| CN114473215A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-05-13 | 江苏拜欧尼克智能科技有限公司 | Bionic strengthening method of titanium alloy die forging die |
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Application publication date: 20120328 |