CN103290406A - Laser cladding in-situ synthesis ceramic phase reinforced Fe-base cladding layer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Laser cladding in-situ synthesis ceramic phase reinforced Fe-base cladding layer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a laser cladding in-situ synthesis ceramic phase reinforced Fe-base cladding layer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of laser cladding. In-situ synthesis ceramic hard phases mainly comprise TiC, TiB2 and B4C. The coating is prepared according to the following steps of: firstly pretreating a base body; then proportioning alloy power in proportion by adopting a synchronous powder delivery laser cladding mode, and then sufficiently mixing and drying to use as a cladding material; regulating the process parameters of laser cladding in the presence of argon, wherein the cladding material carries out in-situ reaction under the irradiation of laser energy to generate a ceramic hard phase and shows good metallurgical bonding with the base body. The coating disclosed by the invention is compact in tissue without pores or cracks, achieves the large microhardness value more than 1000 HV and has very good application prospect in the field of laser surface modification.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser melting and coating technique, be specifically related to the Laser Cladding in-situ synthesize ceramic and strengthen Fe base cladding layer and preparation method thereof mutually.
Background technology
Because the distinctive excellent properties of laser has been widely used in scientific and technical research and industrial production since mid-term in 20th century, laser apparatus was succeeded in developing.Laser surface modification is laser new application in the sufacing field.According to adopting different laser energy density and different processing modes, in the laser surface technology relatively typical method laser melting coating, laser transformation hardening, laser impact intensified, laser surface alloying etc. are arranged.The purpose of these methods all is in order to make working face obtain the performances such as high rigidity, high-wearing feature and highly corrosion resistant that base material can't reach or cost is too big.Thereby reach the requirement of not only having saved cost but also having satisfied the work purpose.
Laser melting coating is a kind of emerging process for modifying surface, and it improves the surface property of material by the rapidly solidification process that occurs in matrix surface.Laser melting coating possesses many advantages, as: matrix and cladding layer bonding strength height; The heat affecting that matrix is subjected to is less, and is not yielding etc.By the laser melting coating differing materials, can improve the performance such as wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, fire-resistant oxidation resistant of material surface, reduce the consumption of noble metal simultaneously.Therefore aspect material surface modifying, has broad prospect of application.
Pottery has characteristics such as high-melting-point, high rigidity, Heat stability is good, and the Chang Zuowei wild phase is for the preparation of the laser melting coating iron base composite material.Yet still there are defectives such as crackle, pore in present coating always by some conventional powdered alloys or add ceramic phase and form when cladding, or problems such as existence and matrix wettability difference, occur during application mechanical property inhomogeneous, easily phenomenon such as peel off.Therefore, find suitable laser melting coating powder and technology to have great importance.The method of introducing ceramic enhancement phase has two kinds usually, i.e. outer addition and in-situ authigenic method.The ceramic enhancement phase particle of in-situ authigenic is comparatively tiny, is combined with basal body interface better, and the crackle tendency reduces, and is development in recent years metal-base composites preparation method faster.
In recent years, for grow up on the rich chromium cast iron basis with M
2B eutectic boride is that the research of the novel Fe-Cr-B wear resistant alloy of wear-resisting skeleton gets more and more.This system alloy is having higher performance aspect wear-resisting and the resistance to sudden heating.Cr12MoV is a kind of widely used vehicle mould steel, carry out laser melting coating by add new powdered material on Fe-Cr-B powdered alloy basis at matrix surface, reaction in generates the ceramic hard phase, is expected to reach raising die steel surface hardness, and the purpose that prolongs die life.Therefore, suitable laser melting coating powder and the technology of exploitation has great importance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: at the shortcoming that existing laser melting coating surface strengthening exists, propose a kind of Laser Cladding in-situ synthesize ceramic and strengthen Fe base cladding layer and preparation method thereof mutually, solve vehicle mould steel surface reinforcement problem.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of Laser Cladding in-situ synthesize ceramic strengthens the preparation method of Fe base cladding layer mutually, and this method is carried out according to following steps:
(1) substrate pretreated
To the oil removing of die steel matrix working-surface, the rust cleaning that processes, use sand papering, obtain smooth bright and clean surface;
(2) laser melting coating
Adopt the mode of synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating; alloy powder proportionally fully mixed after the proportioning and dry back as cladding material; under argon shield, regulate laser cladding technological parameter, cladding material reaction under the laser energy irradiation generates the ceramic hard phase.
As limitation of the invention, the alloy powder material composition of step of the present invention (2) is ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder, iron powder, contain Ti29 ?titanium-iron powder and the B of 31wt%
4The C powder, the per-cent that element in the total material of wherein said ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B1.2 ?1.5%, Si1.1 ?1.2%, Cr10.7 ?11.3%, C0.08 ?0.15%, surplus Fe, and contain Ti29 ?titanium-iron powder and the B of 31wt%
4The per-cent that the C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: titanium-iron powder 22.5 ?26.1%, B
4C powder 2.2 ?2.5%.
The powdered alloy granularity be 80 ?120 orders; The ceramic phase that original position forms is evenly distributed, cladding layer dense structure, and the pore-free crackle, cladding coating and matrix present good metallurgical binding.
In addition, for obtain to have specific mechanical property, the cladding coating of heterogeneous microstructure and the densification of matrix bond good homogeneous, must be according to powder kind and proportioning different, select suitable laser cladding technological parameter.Laser cladding technological parameter mainly comprises laser power, sweep velocity, powder feeding rate, spot size, argon flow amount etc.Reducing of the increase of laser power, sweep velocity can make more powder smeltings, improve bonding strength and reduce tearing tendency, but laser power is excessive, sweep velocity is crossed and can be caused a part of hard phase melting loss of elements slowly, also can make thinning ratio increase.The cladding material chemical ingredients is to cladding layer quality influence maximum, and is the most complicated, B, B
4C content height, cladding layer hardness height, but tearing tendency is big.B
4C, Ti can be by reaction B
4C+3Ti=2TiB
2+ TiC carries out proportioning, but will consider that the Ti element has the part scaling loss.Therefore, have only the good collocation of realization between each processing parameter, could obtain the good cladding coating of realistic requirement.Given this, laser cladding technological parameter of the present invention is: laser power 900-1500W, sweep velocity 3-8mm/s, spot diameter:
Powder feeding rate: 10-15g/min, argon flow amount: 12-18L/min.
By the LASER HEATING reaction, original position synthesize ceramic hard mainly contains TiC, TiB mutually in the coating
2, B
4C(sees accompanying drawing).
After adopting such scheme, the beneficial effect that the present invention obtains is: cladding powder reaction under the laser energy irradiation generates the ceramic hard phase, and presents excellent metallurgical with matrix and be combined this coating structure densification, pore-free and crackle.Laser Cladding in-situ synthesize ceramic of the present invention strengthens the preparation technology of Fe base cladding layer mutually, production unit and technology is simple, easy to operate, easily be automated, advantage such as pollution-free, and cladding need not carried out under vacuum condition, workpiece size is unrestricted, therefore can be used for processed complex surface or surface and repairs.This coating microhardness value is 1.6-2.0 times of matrix hardness up to more than the 1000HV.Do not use simultaneously noble metal, be used for material surface modifying and have remarkable economical and social benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is embodiment 1 cladding coating micro-organization chart.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described further with regard to following examples.Described alloy powder material composition is ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder, iron powder, contain Ti29 ?titanium-iron powder and the B of 31wt%
4The C powder, the per-cent that element in the total material of described ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B1.2 ?1.5%, Si1.1 ?1.2%, Cr10.7 ?11.3%, C0.08 ?0.15%, surplus Fe, and contain Ti29 ?titanium-iron powder and the B of 31wt%
4The per-cent that the C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: titanium-iron powder 22.5 ?26.1%, B
4C powder 2.2 ?2.5%.Specifically see embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Laser power 900W, Ti-Fe powder and B
4C is by reaction B
4C+3Ti=2TiB
2+ TiC proportioning
(1) substrate pretreated
To the oil removing of vehicle mould steel Cr12MoV matrix working-surface, the rust cleaning that processes, use sand papering, obtain smooth bright and clean surface;
(2) laser melting coating
In the preset coating material composition proportioning, the per-cent that the element in the total material of described ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B1.3%, Si1.2%, Cr11.3%, C0.1%, surplus Fe; And contain titanium-iron powder and the B of Ti30wt%
4The per-cent that the C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: the Ti-Fe powder 22.5%, the B that contain Ti30%
4C powder 2.5%; Powder size is the 80-120 order.Mix and drying after joining powder, under argon shield, regulate laser cladding technological parameter, laser power 900W, sweep velocity 4mm/s, spot diameter:
Powder feeding rate: 15g/min, argon flow amount: 12L/min.Make cladding material and vehicle mould steel matrix reaction in form ceramic phase under this processing parameter and strengthen Fe base coating, cladding coating hardness reaches 1040Hv, and by the LASER HEATING reaction, original position synthesize ceramic hard mainly contains TiC, TiB mutually in the coating
2, B
4C sees accompanying drawing 1.
Embodiment 2:
Laser power: 1200W, Ti-Fe powder and B
4C is by reaction B
4C+3Ti=2TiB
2+ TiC proportioning
(1) substrate pretreated
To the oil removing of vehicle mould steel Cr12MoV matrix working-surface, the rust cleaning that processes, use sand papering, obtain smooth bright and clean surface;
(2) laser melting coating
In the preset coating material composition proportioning, the per-cent that the element in the total material of described ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B1.3%, Si1.2%, Cr11.3%, C0.09%, surplus Fe.And contain titanium-iron powder and the B of Ti29.1wt%
4The per-cent that the C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: the Ti-Fe powder 22.5%, the B that contain Ti29.1%
4C powder 2.5%; Powder size is the 80-120 order.Mix and drying after joining powder, under argon shield, regulate laser cladding technological parameter, laser power 1200W, sweep velocity 4mm/s, spot diameter:
Powder feeding rate: 15g/min, argon flow amount: 18L/min.Make cladding material and vehicle mould steel matrix reaction in form ceramic phase under this processing parameter and strengthen Fe base coating, cladding coating hardness reaches 1055Hv.
Embodiment 3:
Laser power: 1500W, Ti-Fe powder and B
4C is by reaction B
4C+3Ti=2TiB
2+ TiC proportioning
(1) substrate pretreated
To the oil removing of vehicle mould steel Cr12MoV matrix working-surface, the rust cleaning that processes, use sand papering, obtain smooth bright and clean surface;
(2) laser melting coating
In the preset coating material composition proportioning, the per-cent that the element in the total material of described ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B1.3%, Si1.1%, Cr10.7%, C0.12%, surplus Fe; And contain titanium-iron powder and the B of Ti30.7wt%
4The per-cent that the C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: the Ti-Fe powder 26.1%, the B that contain Ti30.7%
4C powder 2.2%; Powder size is the 80-120 order.Mix and drying after joining powder, under argon shield, regulate laser cladding technological parameter, laser power 1500W, sweep velocity 8mm/s, spot diameter:
Powder feeding rate: 10g/min, argon flow amount: 16L/min.Make cladding material and vehicle mould steel matrix reaction in form ceramic phase under this processing parameter and strengthen Fe base coating, cladding coating hardness reaches 1035Hv.
Embodiment 4:
Laser power: 900W, Ti-Fe powder and B
4C is by reaction B
4C+3Ti=2TiB
2+ TiC proportioning.
(1) substrate pretreated
To the oil removing of vehicle mould steel Cr12MoV matrix working-surface, the rust cleaning that processes, use sand papering, obtain smooth bright and clean surface;
(2) laser melting coating
In the preset coating material composition proportioning, the per-cent that the element in the total material of described ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B1.5%, Si1.18%, Cr10.76%, C0.11%,, surplus Fe; And contain titanium-iron powder and the B of Ti30.6wt%
4The per-cent that the C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: the Ti-Fe26.1%, the B that contain Ti30.6%
4C2.2%.Powder size is the 80-120 order.Mix and drying after joining powder, under argon shield, regulate laser cladding technological parameter, laser power 900W, sweep velocity 4mm/s, spot diameter:
Powder feeding rate: 12g/min, argon flow amount: 15L/min.Make cladding material and vehicle mould steel matrix reaction in form ceramic phase under this processing parameter and strengthen Fe base coating, cladding coating hardness reaches 1070Hv.
Embodiment 5:
Laser power: 1200W, Ti-Fe powder and B
4C is by reaction B
4C+3Ti=2TiB
2+ TiC proportioning.
(1) substrate pretreated
To the oil removing of vehicle mould steel Cr12MoV matrix working-surface, the rust cleaning that processes, use sand papering, obtain smooth bright and clean surface;
(2) laser melting coating
In the preset coating material composition proportioning, the per-cent that the element in the total material of described ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B1.38%, Si1.15%, Cr10.76%, C0.10%, surplus Fe; And contain titanium-iron powder and the B of Ti30.2wt%
4The per-cent that the C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: the Ti-Fe powder 24.1%, the B that contain Ti30.2%
4C powder 2.4%; Powder size is the 80-120 order.Mix and drying after joining powder, under argon shield, regulate laser cladding technological parameter, laser power 1200W, sweep velocity 6mm/s, spot diameter:
Powder feeding rate: 12g/min, argon flow amount: 13L/min.Make cladding material and vehicle mould steel matrix reaction in form ceramic phase under this processing parameter and strengthen Fe base coating, cladding coating hardness reaches 1062Hv.
Embodiment 6:
Laser power: 1500W, Ti-Fe powder and B
4C is by reaction B
4C+3Ti=2TiB
2+ TiC proportioning.
(1) substrate pretreated
To the oil removing of vehicle mould steel Cr12MoV matrix working-surface, the rust cleaning that processes, use sand papering, obtain smooth bright and clean surface;
(2) laser melting coating
In the preset coating material composition composition proportion, the per-cent that the element in the total material of described ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B1.2%, Si1.1%, Cr10.94%, C0.15%, surplus Fe; And contain titanium-iron powder and the B of Ti29.5wt%
4The per-cent that the C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: the Ti-Fe powder 26.1%, the B that contain Ti29.5%
4C powder 2.4%; Powder size is the 80-120 order.Mix and drying after joining powder, under argon shield, regulate laser cladding technological parameter, laser power 1500W, sweep velocity 7mm/s, spot diameter:
Powder feeding rate: 15g/min, argon flow amount: 17L/min.Make cladding material and vehicle mould steel matrix reaction in form ceramic phase under this processing parameter and strengthen Fe base coating, cladding coating hardness reaches 1068Hv.
Be enlightenment with embodiments of the invention, and the description by this paper, the laser processing technology personnel can change and revise in the scope of this invention technological thought.The technology of the present invention scope is not limited to the content on the specification sheets, determine technical scope according to the claim scope.
Claims (4)
1. the Laser Cladding in-situ synthesize ceramic strengthens Fe base cladding layer mutually, it is characterized in that original position synthesize ceramic hard mainly contains TiC, TiB mutually
2And B
4C.
2. prepare the method that the described Laser Cladding in-situ synthesize ceramic of claim 1 strengthens Fe base cladding layer mutually, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) substrate pretreated
To the oil removing of die steel matrix working-surface, the rust cleaning that processes, use sand papering, obtain smooth bright and clean surface;
(2) laser melting coating
Adopt the mode of synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating, alloy powder proportionally fully mixed after the proportioning and dry back as cladding material, under argon shield, regulate laser cladding technological parameter, cladding material reaction under the laser energy irradiation generates the ceramic hard phase;
The alloy powder of step (2) consists of ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder, iron powder, the titanium-iron powder that contains Ti29-31wt% and B
4The C powder, the per-cent that element in the total material of wherein said ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B1.2-1.5%, Si1.1-1.2%, Cr10.7-11.3%, C0.08-0.15%, surplus Fe, and contain titanium-iron powder and the B of Ti29-31wt%
4The per-cent that the C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: titanium-iron powder 22.5-26.1%, B
4C powder 2.2-2.5%.
3. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that laser cladding technological parameter is: laser power 900-1500W, sweep velocity 3-8mm/s, spot diameter:
Powder feeding rate: 10-15g/min, argon flow amount: 12-18L/min.
4. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that the alloy powder granularity is the 80-120 order.
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| CN104195362A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2014-12-10 | 北京工业大学 | Preparation method of high-boron and wear-resistant alloy |
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| CN113529068B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2022-06-17 | 济南大学 | Preparation method of brake disc surface laser cladding ceramic composite coating |
| CN114934271A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-23 | 无锡宏锦智能液压有限公司 | Laser cladding process for hydraulic cylinder |
| CN114934271B (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2023-09-15 | 无锡宏锦智能液压有限公司 | Laser cladding process for hydraulic cylinder |
| CN115029603A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-09 | 山东宇明月石油工程有限公司 | Laser cladding alloy material and process method thereof |
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