CN103650704A

CN103650704A - Seed germination acceleration method

Info

Publication number: CN103650704A
Application number: CN201210339099.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 史莉娟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-09-13
Filing date: 2012-09-13
Publication date: 2014-03-26

Abstract

The invention discloses a seed germination acceleration method, relates to a production method of crop seeds, and belongs to the field of seed treatment. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: soaking seeds in a 0.5% copper sulfate aqueous solution for 15-20 minutes; washing the seeds after being taken with clear water, airing and placing in an environment with the ventilation volume of 20L/min, wherein the germination acceleration temperature is 25-28 DEG C, and the illumination of a phytotron in germination acceleration is performed in a light and dark alternation manner at a 4 hour interval; and after the treatment, covering the seeds with sand, and watering and icing, wherein the thickness sum of the seeds and covering sand and ice is 40-50cm. The method disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that the good seeds which are full without pest and disease damages are selected; the seeds are mixed with the water and the sand and subjected to the freezing stacking treatment, the resting stage of the seeds is effectively broken, the germination rate of the seeds and the emergence rate of a nursery are increased, the seeding quantity is reduced, and the reproduction coefficient is greatly increased; by adopting the technology, the nutrition resistance and disease/pest resistance of the seedlings are improved, and the self-epidemic prevention system of the seeds is mobilized.

Description

A kind of seed accelerating germination method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of production method of crop seed, belong to seed treatment field, specifically a kind of seed accelerating germination method.

Background technology

Vernalization is to cause blastogenesis length, Dormant bud development and seed sprouting, or impels the measure occurring before these, is all called vernalization; Be to guarantee that seed, after suctioning moisture, impels the nutrient in seed to decompose rapidly running, supply with the important measures of rataria growth.

A lot of vegetable seeds need vernalization, and the general seed that needs vernalization can be divided into two classes: a class is that fruit vegetables seed sprouting is slow, need to urge kind, as tomato, capsicum, eggplant, cucumber; An other class is that summer temp is high, causes germination rate of vegetable seeds low, thus also need to urge kind, as asparagus lettuce, spinach, celery, garlic.Different vegetables, vernalization mode is separately different, before general vernalization,, first through seed selection, sterilization, seed soaking, finally be only vernalization.

In existing seed seedling-raising technology, the germination accelerating method that seed mainly adopts has Chemical treatment, outdoor mixed husky processing, clear water immersion treatment and Co ⁶⁰-r irradiation treatment etc.But in this technology application, there are some drawbacks, for example: kind skin is thicker, hard and compact, gas permeability is poor, be difficult to break seed dormancy, the seed seedling-raising cycle is long, emergence rate is low, emerge that ginseng is time uneven, seedling cost is large, reproduction coefficient is smaller, is difficult to meet the technical problem of modern afforestation, urban landscaping and crop-planting needs.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to overcome drawback of the prior art, provide seed growing coefficient large, and can shorten growing-seedling period, can also improve emergence rate, reduce the seed growing vernalization technology of seedling cost.

For achieving the above object, a kind of seed accelerating germination method of the present invention, is characterized in that:

1. choose kind of reality full, without the elite seed 4000g of damage by disease and insect, be distributed into several bags, put into 0.5% copper sulfate solution and soak 15～20min, after taking-up, with clear water, rinse well, dry standby;

2. by the seed of having sterilized, be sub-packed in distilled water bottle, and add running water; The distilled water bottle that seed and water are housed is put into phytotron, and with air compressor, in bottle, ventilate immediately, finally delivery port is encased with double-deck clean gauze, prevent that extraneous bacterium from entering, pollute seed; Every bottle of throughput is 20L/min; Germination temperature is 25～28 ℃, and during vernalization, phytotron light application time is light/dark replacing once, and each uses 4h;

3. in early November, select the smooth place of in the shade ventilation physical features, dig 60～80cm dark, the hole that 90cm is wide, length is determined according to seed amount, first spreads on the ground the seed that a layer thickness is 6～9cm, cover husky watering, after freezing, put one deck seed again and cover sand, then water water freezing, seed is 40～50cm together with covering husky icing thickness;

4. spreading two-layer seed together with covering after husky freezing, finally covering flax straw in the above and to the first tenday period of a month in May, after thaw, sow to Second Year late April;

5. utilize mycorhiza soil+fine sand+former bed soil in mycorhiza soil: fine sand: the ratio that former bed soil is 1: 3: 6 is made matrix, and carry out disinfection with 0.05～0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, adopt the mode of drilling at whole good seedbed upper seeding wheel in the seed of handling well the previous year, sown scope width is 5～10cm, broadcast rear mycorhiza soil or former native, the fine sand that 3cm is thick that be evenly covered with, then with wood, roll suppression on one side, seed and soil are combined closely.

While planting husky layering lay in described step 2, seed and husky ratio are 1: 5.

A kind of seed accelerating germination method of the present invention, its beneficial effect is: choose kind of reality full, without the elite seed of damage by disease and insect; Next is by seed and water, husky mixing, has carried out freezing lamination and has processed, and has effectively broken the seed dormancy phase, has improved seed sprouting and ground threshing emergence rate, has reduced seeding quantity, has greatly improved reproduction coefficient; By vernalization technology of the present invention, the nutrition resistance of raising seedling and diseases prevention insect protected ability, transfer seed self anti-epidemic system.

Embodiment

Following examples are that the present invention is further elaborated.

Embodiment 1 (experimental cultivar is cypress seeds)

1. choose kind of reality full, without the good cypress seed 4000g of damage by disease and insect, be distributed into several bags, put into 0.5% copper sulfate solution and soak 15～20min, after taking-up, with clear water, rinse well, dry standby;

2. by the seed of having sterilized, be sub-packed in distilled water bottle, and add running water; The distilled water bottle that seed and water are housed is put into phytotron, and with air compressor, in bottle, ventilate immediately, finally delivery port is encased with double-deck clean gauze, prevent that extraneous bacterium from entering, pollute seed; Every bottle of throughput is 20L/min; Germination temperature is 28 ℃, and during vernalization, phytotron light application time is light/dark replacing once, and each uses 4h;

3. in early November, select the smooth place of in the shade ventilation physical features, dig 80cm dark, the hole that 90cm is wide, length is determined according to seed amount, first spreads on the ground the seed that a layer thickness is 9cm, cover husky watering, after freezing, put one deck seed again and cover sand, then water water freezing, seed is 50cm together with covering husky icing thickness;

5. utilize mycorhiza soil+fine sand+former bed soil in mycorhiza soil: fine sand: the ratio that former bed soil is 1: 3: 6 is made matrix, miscellaneous fertilizers, chemical fertilizer, sheep excrement are made into sowing media as base fertilizer, and carry out disinfection with 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, adopt the mode of drilling at whole good seedbed upper seeding wheel in the seed of handling well the previous year, sown scope width is 10cm, broadcast rear mycorhiza soil or former native, the fine sand that 3cm is thick that be evenly covered with, then with wood, roll suppression on one side, seed and soil are combined closely.

Comparative trial

1. cypress seed, first with 0.5% copper sulphate sterilization 15min, with distilled water flushing for several times, then is light/dark replacing once respectively at phytotron light application time, and each is with 1h, 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h, with contrasting of not vernalization;

2. after seed Hui Gan, water again water freezing, seed is 50cm together with covering husky icing thickness, spreading two-layer seed together with covering after husky freezing, finally covering flax straw in the above thawed to the first tenday period of a month in May to Second Year late April, after melting, selected 100 pelleted seeds are put into the culture dish that is lined with double-deck filter paper, diameter 10cm, with the moistening filter paper of distilled water, with 10 * 10 at checkrow planting crop pelleted seed, insert and in climatic cabinate, do sprouting test, temperature is 28～30 ℃, and 3 repetitions are established in each processing.

Vitality test: add up day by day germination rate, add up respectively germination vigor and germination rate in 7 days, 14 days, and calculate germination index, finally carry out statistical disposition.

In germination vigor (%)=7 day, subnumber * 100% is planted experimentally in normal germinative number/confession

In germination rate (%)=14 day, subnumber * 100% is planted experimentally in normal germinative number/confession

Germination index=∑ Gt/Dt (Gt is the germinative number of t in the time, the germination number of days that Dt is corresponding number of days);

Results and analysis:

The variance analysis of the capsuled seed vigor that 1. different germination times are processed: each germination vigor arithmetic equal value of processing the 7th day is between 84.0～94.0%, and the mean value of germination rate is distributed between 84.0～94.0%, the germination time of usining carries out variance analysis as single-factor and shows, the day germination grain number of the capsuled seed of different disposal was from the 2nd day to the 14th day of test, between contrast (the vernalization processing time is 0 hour) and different time processing, all there is the significant difference in 1% and 5% level, and the significance of difference between different disposal between different germination number of days in some variations, at the 3rd day, except 15h processing and all the other processing are slightly variant, all the other 8 processing in 1% level without significant difference, the 5th day to 6 days between, the significance of difference shows as, each process with contrast between all variant, between 5 processing between 15～35h, there is not difference in 1% level, between 4 processing between 40～48h, there is not difference in 1% level yet, but between the processing that 5 processing between 15～35h and 40～44h are two, there is the significant difference of 1% level, and after the 7th day, between 44h processing and all the other each processing, there were significant differences in performance, result from variance analysis, crop seed is carried out to vernalization and process the germination rate that can obviously improve seed, particularly improved potentiality of seed, between processing, different germination times there is certain difference.

Table 1 germination time of not sharing the same light is processed a day germination rate variance analysis table

Illustrate: within 8th～14 days, result is identical with the 7th day.

Claims

1. a seed accelerating germination method, is characterized in that: seed is put into 0.5% copper sulfate solution and soaked 15～20min, after taking-up, with clear water, rinse well, dry standby; Being placed in throughput is 20L/min; Germination temperature is 25～28 ℃, and during vernalization, phytotron light application time is light/dark replacing once, and each uses 4h; Seed is covered to husky watering again, put one deck seed again and cover sand, then water water freezing after freezing, seed is 40～50cm together with covering husky icing thickness, sowing after thawing.

2. a kind of seed accelerating germination method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: thawing time is that Second Year late April is to the first tenday period of a month in May.

3. a kind of seed accelerating germination method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described in to cover seed and husky ratio in husky step be 1: 5.

4. a kind of seed accelerating germination method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: cultivation matrix is mycorhiza soil+fine sand+former bed soil by mycorhiza soil: fine sand: former bed soil is 1: 3: 6.