CN101699946B - Pregermination method of Sabina Przewalskii kom seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a pregermination method of Sabina Przewalskii kom seeds, which comprises the following steps of: selecting fine full Sabina Przewalskii kom seeds without being damaged by diseases and insects; in the first ten-day period of November, digging a pit in a shady ventilative flat area; spreading the Sabina Przewalskii kom seeds on the ground of the pit, covering with sand and watering; spreading another layer of seeds after water is frozen; and then watering for freezing again; seeding after thawing during the period from the last ten days of April to the first ten days ofMay; preparing a seeding ground substance by using mycorrhiza soil, silver sand and original bed soil as a ground substance and using mixed manure, chemical fertilizer and sheep dung as a base fertilizer; sterilizing; and seeding the seeds treated last year on a prepared seed bed. The invention reduces seeding quantity and greatly improves reproduction coefficient, increases seed germination percentage and emergence rate in field gardens, shortens seedling culture cycle and has the advantages of simple frozen pregermination method, easy material obtaining, low cost and easy learning.

Description

Pregermination method of Sabina Przewalskii kom seeds

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of seedling growing process, relate in particular to the seeding growing seedlings method of the coniferous species that a kind of seed dormancy phase is long, the self seed emergence rate is low, is a kind of Pregermination method of Sabina Przewalskii kom seeds specifically.

Background technology

Qilian Chinese juniper (Sabina Przewalsbii Kom) is China's eastern Tibetan north edge endemic tree, is distributed in the domestic Gansu of China, Qinghai, Sichuan etc. and economizes (district).Main area in Gansu, be positioned at 98 °～104 ° in footpath, east, 33 ° 50 '～40 ° 30 of north latitude ' between, comprise counties such as respectful south, Zhangye, folk music, morningstar lily, Yong Xian, Wuwei, Gu Lang, God blessings, the tailo of Qilian mountains north slope height above sea level 2500～3500m, half light slope, half Schattenseite and Schattenseite area now save as sparse woods or pure forest more.Be one of constructive species of Qilian mountains water conservation forest arbor group, material is good, and is tree-like tall and big, and tree performance is grand graceful.Qilian Sabina aiphyllium, the branch ability is strong, the synchronous growth of master branch, tree crown is narrow turriform or narrow taper shape, and tree crown and tree-like ornamental value are higher; Bark grey or brown are cleaved into silver.Give birth to the sprig diameter 1～2mm of scale leaf, square circular or four prismatics.Scale leaf is arranged closeer or thinner, how much by the wax powder, and tip point or little point, the base portion at the back side or nearly base portion have circle, oval or oval body of gland; Long 4～the 7mm of Ci Ye, above recessed, the white powder band is arranged, middle arteries and veins protuberance, the arch circle or the blunt back of the body of tool below; Qilian Sabina monoecism, generally bloom the first tenday period of a month in the last ten-days period to June in may, forms green cone after female flower is pollinated then, the cone meat is spherical in shape, diameter 8～12mm, last ten-days period September in next year, cone became crineous or black-and-blue, black by green to fruit maturation in the first tenday period of a month in October.Cone contains 1 seed, and the surface of the seed is little glossy.Long 7～the 10mm of seed, two ends are blunt, the resin storage tank that tool is dark or shallow, there is the rib ridge of obvious projection both sides.Seed maturation in common next year.Exosper thickness is 1.22～2.50mm after measured, and hard and compact, and gas permeability is poor, and undressed seed after planting often takes 2～3 years and just can emerge, emergence rate low (being generally about 28%), and the ginseng of emerging is inferior uneven.Strong, drought-resistant, the cold resistant, barren-resistant of Qilian Chinese juniper adaptability, diseases and insect pests resistance is strong, fast growth, its well developed root system adapts to drought environment, is the fine tree species of a kind of comparatively ideal afforestation seeds and water and soil conservation.The Qilian Chinese juniper is in urban afforestation and dry-land afforestation, and application prospect is very wide.

In the existing seed seedling-raising technology, the germination accelerating method that the Qilian Chinese juniper is mainly adopted has chemical agent processing, outdoor mixed husky processing, clear water immersion treatment and Co ⁶⁰-r irradiation treatment etc.During this technology is used, at least exist: Qilian Chinese juniper kind skin is thicker, hard and compact, gas permeability is poor, is difficult to break seed dormancy, the seed seedling-raising cycle is long, emergence rate low (being generally about 28%), the ginseng of emerging is inferior uneven, and seedling cost is big, reproduction coefficient is smaller, is difficult to satisfy the technical problem of modern afforestation and urban landscaping needs.

Summary of the invention

It is big that the object of the invention provides the seminal propagation coefficient, and can shorten growing-seedling period, can also improve emergence rate, reduces the Qilian Chinese juniper seed growing vernalization technical method of seedling cost.

The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of Pregermination method of Sabina Przewalskii kom seeds is characterized in that comprising following method and step:

A, choose that kind of reality is full, the good Qilian Chinese juniper seed of no damage by disease and insect, standbyly carry out presprouting of seeds and handle;

B, in early November, select the smooth place of in the shade ventilation physical features, it is dark to dig 60～80cm, the hole that 90cm is wide, length is decided according to seed amount, spreads earlier the Chinese juniper seed that a layer thickness is 6～9cm on the ground, cover husky watering, put one deck seed again after waiting to freeze and cover sand, water water freezing again, seed is 40～50cm together with covering the husky thickness that freezes; Having spread two-layer Qilian Chinese juniper seed together with after covering husky freezing, cover the flax straw at last in the above, sow behind the thaw to the first tenday period of a month in late April, second to May;

C, utilize mycorhiza soil+fine sand+former bed soil in mycorhiza soil: fine sand: former bed soil is that 1: 3: 6 ratio is made matrix, miscellaneous fertilizers, chemical fertilizer, sheep excrement are made into sowing media as base fertilizer, and carry out disinfection with 0.05～0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, the seed that to handle well the previous year adopts the mode of drilling at whole good seedbed upper seeding wheel, the sown scope width is 5～10cm, evenly be covered with thick mycorhiza soil of 3cm or former bed soil, fine sand after broadcasting, roll suppression on one side with wood then, seed and soil are combined closely.

Seed and husky ratio are 1: 1～4 when planting husky layering lay in the described B step.

By technical scheme provided by the invention as can be seen, the method for Chinese juniper seed seedling-raising vernalization treatment technology in Qilian of the present invention at first is to choose that kind of reality is full, the elite seed of no damage by disease and insect; Next is with seed and water, the husky mixing, has carried out freezing lamination and has handled, and has broken the seed dormancy phase effectively, has improved seed sprouting and ground threshing emergence rate, has reduced seeding quantity, has improved reproduction coefficient greatly.By the seed that freezing lamination germination accelerating method is handled, behind the seeding and seedling raising, not only emergence rate is hidden seed raising 118.6% than doing, seed sprouting and ground threshing emergence rate have been improved greatly, and can shorten growing-seedling period, carry and emerging the previous year, reduced seeding quantity, the expense of growing seedlings is untreated every mu than seed and reduces by 360～400 yuan.Freezing germination accelerating method is simple, draws materials easily, and cost is low, is easy to grasp.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

1, chooses that kind of reality is full, the elite seed of no damage by disease and insect is standby.

2, in early November, select the smooth place of in the shade ventilation physical features, dig the hole that 60cm is dark, 90cm is wide, length according to seed what and decide, earlier spread the Chinese juniper seed that a layer thickness is 6cm on the ground, cover husky the watering, put one deck seed again after waiting to freeze and cover sand, water water freezing again, seed is advisable with 40cm together with covering the husky thickness that freezes, and planting husky mixed proportion is 1: 1.Having spread two-layer Qilian Chinese juniper seed together with after covering husky freezing, cover the flax straw at last in the above, sow behind the thaw to the first tenday period of a month in late April, second to May.

3, utilize mycorhiza soil+fine sand+former bed soil to make matrix, miscellaneous fertilizers (farmyard manure), chemical fertilizer, sheep excrement are made into sowing media as base fertilizer, and carry out disinfection with 0.05% liquor potassic permanganate, the seed that will handle well the previous year adopts the mode of drilling at whole good seedbed upper seeding wheel.The sown scope width is 5cm, evenly is covered with the thick mycorhiza soil of 3cm after broadcasting, and rolls suppression on one side with wood then, and seed and soil are combined closely.

Embodiment 2

1, chooses that kind of reality is full, the elite seed of no damage by disease and insect is standby.

2, in early November, select the smooth place of in the shade ventilation physical features, dig the hole that 80cm is dark, 90cm is wide, length according to seed what and decide, earlier spread the Chinese juniper seed that a layer thickness is 9cm on the ground, cover husky the watering, put one deck seed again after waiting to freeze and cover sand, water water freezing again, seed is advisable with 40～50cm together with covering the husky thickness that freezes, and planting husky mixed proportion is 1: 2.Having spread two-layer Qilian Chinese juniper seed together with after covering husky freezing, cover the flax straw at last in the above, sow behind the thaw to the first tenday period of a month in late April, second to May.

3, utilize mycorhiza soil+fine sand+former bed soil to make matrix, miscellaneous fertilizers (farmyard manure), chemical fertilizer, sheep excrement are made into sowing media as base fertilizer, and carry out disinfection with the solution of potassium permanganate 0.1%, the seed that will handle well the previous year adopts the mode of drilling at whole good seedbed upper seeding wheel.The sown scope width is 10cm, evenly is covered with the thick former bed soil of 3cm after broadcasting, and rolls suppression on one side with wood then, and seed and soil are combined closely.

Embodiment 3

1, chooses that kind of reality is full, the elite seed of no damage by disease and insect is standby.

2, in early November, select the smooth place of in the shade ventilation physical features, dig the hole that 60cm is dark, 90cm is wide, length according to seed what and decide, earlier spread the Chinese juniper seed that a layer thickness is 6cm on the ground, cover husky the watering, put one deck seed again after waiting to freeze and cover sand, water water freezing again, seed is advisable with 40cm together with covering the husky thickness that freezes, and planting husky mixed proportion is 1: 3.Having spread two-layer Qilian Chinese juniper seed together with after covering husky freezing, cover the flax straw at last in the above, sow behind the thaw to the first tenday period of a month in late April, second to May.

3, utilize mycorhiza soil+fine sand+former bed soil to make matrix, miscellaneous fertilizers (farmyard manure), chemical fertilizer, sheep excrement are made into sowing media as base fertilizer, and carry out disinfection with 0.05% liquor potassic permanganate, the seed that will handle well the previous year adopts the mode of drilling at whole good seedbed upper seeding wheel.The sown scope width is 5cm, evenly is covered with the thick fine sand of 3cm after broadcasting, and rolls suppression on one side with wood then, and seed and soil are combined closely.

Embodiment 4

1, chooses that kind of reality is full, the elite seed of no damage by disease and insect is standby.

2, in early November, select the smooth place of in the shade ventilation physical features, dig the hole that 80cm is dark, 90cm is wide, length according to seed what and decide, earlier spread the Chinese juniper seed that a layer thickness is 9cm on the ground, cover husky the watering, put one deck seed again after waiting to freeze and cover sand, water water freezing again, seed is advisable with 40～50cm together with covering the husky thickness that freezes, and planting husky mixed proportion is 1: 4.Having spread two-layer Qilian Chinese juniper seed together with after covering husky freezing, cover the flax straw at last in the above, sow behind the thaw to the first tenday period of a month in late April, second to May.

3, utilize mycorhiza soil+fine sand+former bed soil to make matrix, miscellaneous fertilizers (farmyard manure), chemical fertilizer, sheep excrement are made into sowing media as base fertilizer, and carry out disinfection with the solution of potassium permanganate 0.1%, the seed that will handle well the previous year adopts the mode of drilling at whole good seedbed upper seeding wheel.The sown scope width is 10cm, evenly is covered with the thick former bed soil of 3cm after broadcasting, and rolls suppression on one side with wood then, and seed and soil are combined closely.

Claims (2)

1. Pregermination method of Sabina Przewalskii kom seeds is characterized in that comprising following method and step:

A, choose that kind of reality is full, the good Qilian Chinese juniper seed of no damage by disease and insect is standby;

B, in early November, select the smooth place of in the shade ventilation physical features, it is dark to dig 60～80cm, the hole that 90cm is wide, length is decided according to seed amount, spreads earlier the Chinese juniper seed that a layer thickness is 6～9cm on the ground, cover husky watering, put one deck seed again after waiting to freeze and cover sand, water water freezing again, seed is 40～50cm together with covering the husky thickness that freezes; Having spread two-layer Qilian Chinese juniper seed together with after covering husky freezing, cover the flax straw at last in the above, sow behind the thaw to the first tenday period of a month in late April, second to May;

C, utilize mycorhiza soil+fine sand+former bed soil in mycorhiza soil: fine sand: former bed soil is that 1: 3: 6 ratio is made matrix, miscellaneous fertilizers, chemical fertilizer, sheep excrement are made into sowing media as base fertilizer, and carry out disinfection with 0.05～0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, the seed that to handle well the previous year adopts the mode of drilling at whole good seedbed upper seeding wheel, the sown scope width is 5～10cm, evenly be covered with thick mycorhiza soil of 3cm or former bed soil, fine sand after broadcasting, roll suppression on one side with wood then, seed and soil are combined closely.

2. Pregermination method of Sabina Przewalskii kom seeds according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that in the described B step planting husky layering lay, seed and husky ratio are 1: 1～4.