CN103650978A - Saline-alkali soil greening module and method - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil greening module and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103650978A CN103650978A CN201310677715.6A CN201310677715A CN103650978A CN 103650978 A CN103650978 A CN 103650978A CN 201310677715 A CN201310677715 A CN 201310677715A CN 103650978 A CN103650978 A CN 103650978A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil greening module and method, and belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil greening. The saline-alkali soil greening module is characterized in that the saline-alkali soil greening module comprises an upper module body and a lower module body, the upper module body is formed by connecting an outer wall A, a top plate and an upper weight bearing column fixed onto the top plate, the lower module body is formed by connecting an outer wall B, a base plate and a lower weight bearing column fixed onto the base plate, and the upper module body is connected with the lower module body in a matched mode. The saline-alkali soil greening method comprises the following steps that saline-alkali soil is leveled and drainage channels are excavated, wherein the drainage channels which are staggered longitudinally and transversely are arranged at the interval of 1-50m; modules used for planting plants are laid, the adjacent modules are connected in a clamping and matching mode through concave connecting buckles and convex connecting buckles, and the row of modules near the drainage channels enable drainage pipes to be directly connected into the drainage channels; ground cloth is laid on the modules, matrixes are laid on the ground cloth and the plants are planted on the matrixes. The saline-alkali soil greening module and method have the advantages of being low in cost, fast in construction, long in service time, good in modification effect and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to saline-alkali soil greening technology field, be specially a kind of module of saline land greening and the method for saline land greening.
Background technology
Saline land refers to the difference due to geologic structure formation condition, causes soil salt accumulated amount large, the plot that planting plants is had a direct impact.According to UNESCO and food and agricultural organization's incomplete statistics, the area in saline land, the whole world is 9.5438 hundred million hectares, and wherein China is 9,913 ten thousand hectares, and has the trend that continues expansion.Vinocour etc. (2005) expect the year two thousand fifty, will have surpass 50% tilth salinization, the improvement in saline land and administer very urgent.In afforestation, generally according to salt content, saline land is divided into slight alkaline land (salt content <0.3%), moderate saline land (0.3%≤salt content≤0.6%) and heavy saline (salt content >0.6%).In, slight alkaline land type occupies important proportion in the composition of the precious land resources of China, having a high potential of exploitation, can produce huge economy, ecology and social benefit by transformation.For a long time, both at home and abroad its improvement utilization and afforestation are conducted extensive research, and obtained certain effect.Because traditional laying salt discharge alkali separation layer quantities is large, late maintaining is more difficult, need with fresh water, to irrigate the fields for a long time, significant wastage water resource, in work progress, usually by means of homemade devices such as reed cage (CN102487619A), electrolysis system (CN 102668760A), sand material (CN 102972115A), press down salt afterwards, prevented accumulation of salt in the surface soil phenomenon.But said method is all that the saline land afforestation that is only used in small size is used, and can not meet the demand of large area scope transformation, and the long-time problem of using rear bottom sludge and impurity to gather of ubiquity; And existing method is object mainly with salt discharge greatly, can not fundamentally solve the problem that saline land salt content is high.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the object of the invention is to design provides the technical scheme of a kind of module of saline land greening and the method for saline land greening, by using a kind of module for planting plant, the resistance salt of take is object, solve in prior art that saline land device is not suitable for large area greening and water storage part is easily gathered the problems such as mud, there is the advantages such as cost is low, construction is fast, service time is long, correctional effect is good.
The module of described a kind of saline land greening, it is characterized in that comprising upper module, lower module, described upper module is connected and composed by outer wall A, top board and the upper load-bearing pillar that is fixed on top board, described lower module is connected and composed by outer wall B, base plate and the lower load-bearing pillar that is fixed on base plate, upper module, lower module superpose up and down and are connected and are formed an overall structure by upper load-bearing pillar, lower load-bearing pillar, and the position of upper load-bearing pillar, lower load-bearing pillar is consistent with quantity.
The module of described a kind of saline land greening, is characterized in that load-bearing pillar is the cylinder of hollow structure, the annular uniform one group of projection that arranges on cylindrical body outer wall on it; The cylinder that lower load-bearing pillar is hollow structure, the annular uniform one group of groove that arranges on its lower cylindrical body outer wall; Upper load-bearing pillar, lower load-bearing pillar connect end and connect by projection, groove grafting close-fitting, and there is 1 above breach on the cylinder top of lower load-bearing pillar.
The module of described a kind of saline land greening, is characterized in that, on described top board, hollow out is set, and this hollow out is crisscross grid, circle lattice, triangle or diamond structure.
The module of described a kind of saline land greening, is characterized in that described base plate is for the panel of sealing.
The module of described a kind of saline land greening, it is characterized in that being provided with on the top board of described upper module two above water inlets, each water inlet water inlet pipe that is connected, water inlet pipe extends on the base plate of lower module by water inlet, the exit position of each water inlet pipe arranges two delivery ports, forms the angle of 45-90 ° of degree between two delivery ports of water inlet pipe; Setting liquidates between the delivery port of different water inlet pipes.
The module of described a kind of saline land greening, is characterized in that described upper load-bearing pillar, lower load-bearing pillar quantity are more than one.
The module of described a kind of saline land greening, is characterized in that one side or the one side of the outer wall A of described upper module arranges recessed junction button A, protruding junction button A above; Above recessed junction button B, the protruding junction button B of arranging of the one side of the outer wall B of lower module or one side; The corresponding recessed junction button B of recessed junction button A forms recessed junction button, and the corresponding protruding junction button B of protruding junction button A forms protruding junction button; Upper module, lower module form a module, between adjacent block, by recessed junction button, protruding junction button clamping close-fitting, connect.
The module of described a kind of saline land greening, is characterized in that the one side of outer wall A of described upper module or one side are above an above discharge outlet is set, and discharge outlet position is at the 1/3-2/3 place of outer wall A height, discharge outlet connection drainpipe.
The module of described a kind of saline land greening, is characterized in that the outer wall A of upper module is identical with the outer wall B shape of lower module, and its outer wall length is 200-3000mm, and the module height that upper module, lower module form is 50-1000mm.
The method of described a kind of saline land greening, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) smooth saline land, excavation drainage ditch, arranges the drainage ditch from traversed by mistake every 1-50m;
2) lay module for planting, described module comprises upper module, lower module, described upper module is connected and composed by outer wall A, top board and the upper load-bearing pillar that is fixed on top board, described lower module is connected and composed by outer wall B, base plate and the lower load-bearing pillar that is fixed on base plate, upper module, lower module superpose up and down and are connected and are formed an overall structure by upper load-bearing pillar, lower load-bearing pillar, and the position of upper load-bearing pillar, lower load-bearing pillar is consistent with quantity; On described top board, hollow out is set, this hollow out is crisscross grid, circle lattice, triangle or diamond structure; Described base plate is the panel of sealing; On the top board of described upper module, be provided with two above water inlets, each water inlet water inlet pipe that is connected, water inlet pipe extends by water inlet on the base plate of lower module, and the exit position of each water inlet pipe arranges two delivery ports, forms the angle of 45-90 ° of degree between two delivery ports of water inlet pipe; Setting liquidates between the delivery port of different water inlet pipes; Above recessed junction button A, the protruding junction button A of arranging of the one side of the outer wall A of described upper module or one side; Above recessed junction button B, the protruding junction button B of arranging of the one side of the outer wall B of lower module or one side; The corresponding recessed junction button B of recessed junction button A forms recessed junction button, and the corresponding protruding junction button B of protruding junction button A forms protruding junction button; The one side of the outer wall A of described upper module or one side be above arranges an above discharge outlet, and discharge outlet position is at the 1/3-2/3 place of outer wall A height, discharge outlet connection drainpipe;
3) upper module, lower module form a module, between adjacent block, by recessed junction button, protruding junction button clamping close-fitting, connect, and arrange module drainpipe is directly accessed in drainage ditch near one of drainage ditch;
3) in module, lay ground cloth, on ground cloth, lay matrix, planting plants in matrix.
The method of described a kind of saline land greening, is characterized in that: during the large tree of plantation, first dig pit, then module is laid on to the end, hole and hole plot around, hole surrounding vertical direction arranges baffle plate; To set greatly native ball and put into, soil backfill, re-lays matrix on native ball, and at the bottom of the hole of large tree, both sides need arrange drainage ditch, and the drainpipe of module enters unnecessary water in drainage ditch.
The module of above-mentioned a kind of saline land greening and the method for saline land greening, have following beneficial effect:
1) the module bottom sealing of using in the method, forms aquifer, and the part in module more than drainpipe forms air layer; The brackish water lease making pervaporation effect storing in aquifer, forms salt-free aqueous vapor, through the required ground vapour of air layer supply plant; Air layer has the effect of being completely cured, and can prevent the injury of root system of plant to module.
2) the method take resistance salt be object, by module, cut off soil capillary, stop salinity to be carried to plant root with moisture, stop plant to absorb salinity, fundamentally solve the infringement of saline land to plant, build the ecotope in a non-saline land, do not need a large amount of fresh water repeatedly to water, reduce improvement cost, construction is simple, and correctional effect is good.
3) the method is applicable to various types of alkaline land improvements, applied widely, and resistance salt is effective, the also large area in applicable saline land greening simultaneously and local greening, and for collecting, rainwater is significant, fresh-water-saving resource; And the method can store a large amount of standby water, can meet the time that plant is used 3 months-1 year.
4) module of using in the method comprises the two-way water inlet pipe that liquidates and arrange, and forms impulse force, and the impurity being deposited in aquifer is stirred evenly, and module surrounding is provided with drainage ditch, facilitates unnecessary moisture and impurity to discharge, and prevents from blocking.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is upper module stereogram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of upper module;
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view along AA line in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view along BB line in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is lower module stereogram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the vertical view of lower module;
Fig. 7 is the cutaway view along AA line in Fig. 5;
Fig. 8 is the cutaway view along BB line in Fig. 5;
Fig. 9 is the stereogram of module for planting plant of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the method for the invention;
Figure 11 is the breach schematic diagram on load-bearing pillar under the present invention.
In figure: load-bearing pillar, 202a-groove, the protruding junction button B of 203-, the recessed junction button B of 204-, 205-base plate, 206-breach, 3-water inlet pipe, 4-drainpipe, 5-matrix, 6-ground cloth, 7-soil ball, 8-soil, 9-drainage ditch, 10-baffle plate under 1-upper module, 101-top board, the recessed junction button A of 102-outer wall A, 103-, the upper load-bearing pillar of 104-, 104a-projection, 105-discharge outlet, the protruding junction button A of 106-, 107-water inlet, 2-lower module, 201-outer wall B, 202-.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the invention will be further described.
As shown in the figure, the module of this saline land greening comprises upper module 1, lower module 2, described upper module 1 is connected and composed by outer wall A102, top board 101 and the upper load-bearing pillar 104 that is fixed on top board 101, described lower module 2 is connected and composed by outer wall B201, base plate 205 and the lower load-bearing pillar 202 that is fixed on base plate 205, upper module 1, lower module 2 superpose up and down and are connected and are formed an overall structure by upper load-bearing pillar 104, lower load-bearing pillar 202, and the position of upper load-bearing pillar 104, lower load-bearing pillar 202 is consistent with quantity.The cylinder that upper load-bearing pillar 104 is hollow structure, the annular uniform one group of projection 104a that arranges on cylindrical body outer wall on it; The cylinder that lower load-bearing pillar 202 is hollow structure, the annular uniform one group of groove 202a that arranges on its lower cylindrical body outer wall; Upper load-bearing pillar 104, lower load-bearing pillar 202 connect end and connect by projection 104a, groove 202a grafting close-fitting, and there is 1 above breach 206 on the cylinder top of lower load-bearing pillar 202.On described top board 101, hollow out is set, this hollow out is crisscross grid, circle lattice, triangle or diamond structure.The panel that described base plate 205 is sealing.On the top board 101 of described upper module 1, be provided with two above water inlets 107, each water inlet 107 water inlet pipe 3 that is connected, water inlet pipe 3 extends on the base plate 205 of lower module 2 by water inlet 107, the exit position of each water inlet pipe 3 arranges two delivery ports, forms the angle of 45-90 ° of degree between two delivery ports of water inlet pipe 3; Setting liquidates between the delivery port of different water inlet pipes 3.Described upper load-bearing pillar 104, lower load-bearing pillar 202 quantity are more than one.Above recessed junction button A103, the protruding junction button A106 of arranging of the one side of the outer wall A102 of described upper module 1 or one side; Above recessed junction button B204, the protruding junction button B203 of arranging of the one side of the outer wall B201 of lower module 2 or one side; The corresponding recessed junction button B204 of recessed junction button A103 forms recessed junction button, and the corresponding protruding junction button B203 of protruding junction button A106 forms protruding junction button; Upper module 1, lower module 2 form a module, between adjacent block, by recessed junction button, protruding junction button clamping close-fitting, connect.The one side of the outer wall A102 of described upper module 1 or one side be above arranges an above discharge outlet 105, and discharge outlet 105 positions are at the 1/3-2/3 place of outer wall A102 height, discharge outlet 105 connection drainpipes 4.The outer wall B201 shape of the outer wall A102 of upper module 1 and lower module 2 is identical, and its outer wall length is 200-3000mm, and the module height that upper module 1, lower module 2 form is 50-1000mm.
A method for saline land greening, comprises the following steps:
1) smooth saline land, excavation drainage ditch 9, arranges the drainage ditch 9 from traversed by mistake every 1-50m;
2) lay module for planting, described module comprises upper module 1, lower module 2, described upper module 1 is connected and composed by outer wall A102, top board 101 and the upper load-bearing pillar 104 that is fixed on top board 101, described lower module 2 is connected and composed by outer wall B201, base plate 205 and the lower load-bearing pillar 202 that is fixed on base plate 205, upper module 1, lower module 2 superpose up and down and are connected and are formed an overall structure by upper load-bearing pillar 104, lower load-bearing pillar 202, and the position of upper load-bearing pillar 104, lower load-bearing pillar 202 is consistent with quantity; On described top board 101, hollow out is set, this hollow out is crisscross grid, circle lattice, triangle or diamond structure; The panel that described base plate 205 is sealing; On the top board 101 of described upper module 1, be provided with two above water inlets 107, each water inlet 107 water inlet pipe 3 that is connected, water inlet pipe 3 extends on the base plate 205 of lower module 2 by water inlet 107, the exit position of each water inlet pipe 3 arranges two delivery ports, forms the angle of 45-90 ° of degree between two delivery ports of water inlet pipe 3; Setting liquidates between the delivery port of different water inlet pipes 3; Above recessed junction button A103, the protruding junction button A106 of arranging of the one side of the outer wall A102 of described upper module 1 or one side; Above recessed junction button B204, the protruding junction button B203 of arranging of the one side of the outer wall B201 of lower module 2 or one side; The corresponding recessed junction button B204 of recessed junction button A103 forms recessed junction button, and the corresponding protruding junction button B203 of protruding junction button A106 forms protruding junction button; The one side of the outer wall A102 of described upper module 1 or one side be above arranges an above discharge outlet 105, and discharge outlet 105 positions are at the 1/3-2/3 place of outer wall A102 height, discharge outlet 105 connection drainpipes 4;
3) upper module 1, lower module 2 form a module, between adjacent block, by recessed junction button, protruding junction button clamping close-fitting, connect, and arrange module drainpipe 4 is directly accessed in drainage ditch 9 near one of drainage ditch 9;
3) in module, lay ground cloth 6, on ground cloth 6, lay matrix 5, planting plants in matrix 5;
During the large tree of plantation, first dig pit, then module is laid on to the end, hole and hole plot around, hole surrounding vertical direction arranges baffle plate 10; To set greatly native ball 7 and put into, soil 8 backfills, re-lay matrix 5 on native ball 7, and at the bottom of the hole of large tree, both sides need arrange drainage ditch 9, and the drainpipe 4 of module enters unnecessary water in drainage ditch 9.
In above-mentioned embodiment, the outer wall length of described module is 500mm, 1000mm, 2000mm or 3000mm, upper module and lower module height are 100mm, 200mm, 500mm, 800mm or 1000mm, when other conditions are identical, also can reach beneficial effect of the present invention.According to the method for the invention, this module is used for to other afforestation projects such as roadside greening, mine greening, greening side slope, also can obtains beneficial effect of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the module of a saline land greening, it is characterized in that comprising upper module (1), lower module (2), described upper module (1) is by outer wall A(102), top board (101) and the upper load-bearing pillar (104) being fixed on top board (101) connect and compose, described lower module (2) is by outer wall B(201), base plate (205) and the lower load-bearing pillar (202) being fixed on base plate (205) connect and compose, upper module (1), lower module (2) superposes up and down and passes through upper load-bearing pillar (104), lower load-bearing pillar (202) is connected and forms an overall structure, upper load-bearing pillar (104), the position of lower load-bearing pillar (202) is consistent with quantity.
2. the module of a kind of saline land greening as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that load-bearing pillar (104) is for the cylinder of hollow structure, the uniform one group of projection (104a) that arranges of annular on cylindrical body outer wall on it; The cylinder that lower load-bearing pillar (202) is hollow structure, the uniform one group of groove (202a) that arranges of annular on its lower cylindrical body outer wall; Upper load-bearing pillar (104), lower load-bearing pillar (202) connect end and connect by projection (104a), groove (202a) grafting close-fitting, and there is 1 above breach (206) on the cylinder top of lower load-bearing pillar (202).
3. the module of a kind of saline land greening as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, on described top board (101), hollow out is set, and this hollow out is crisscross grid, circle lattice, triangle or diamond structure.
4. the module of a kind of saline land greening as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described base plate (205) is for the panel of sealing.
5. the module of a kind of saline land greening as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that being provided with on the top board (101) of described upper module (1) two above water inlets (107), each water inlet (107) water inlet pipe (3) that is connected, water inlet pipe (3) extends on the base plate (205) of lower module (2) by water inlet (107), the exit position of each water inlet pipe (3) arranges two delivery ports, forms the angle of 45-90 ° of degree between two delivery ports of water inlet pipe (3); Setting liquidates between the delivery port of different water inlet pipes (3).
6. the module of a kind of saline land greening as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described upper load-bearing pillar (104), lower load-bearing pillar (202) quantity are more than one; The outer wall A(102 of described upper module (1)) one side or one side be above arranges an above discharge outlet (105), and discharge outlet (105) position is at outer wall A(102) the 1/3-2/3 place of height, discharge outlet (105) connection drainpipe (4).
7. the module of a kind of saline land greening as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the outer wall A(102 of described upper module (1)) one side or one side is above that recessed junction button A(103 is set), protruding junction button A(106); The outer wall B(201 of lower module (2)) one side or one side be above arranges recessed junction button B(204), protruding junction button B(203); Recessed junction button A(103) corresponding recessed junction button B(204) form recessed junction button, protruding junction button A(106) corresponding protruding junction button B(203) form protruding junction button; Upper module (1), lower module (2) form a module, between adjacent block, by recessed junction button, protruding junction button clamping close-fitting, connect.
8. the module of a kind of saline land greening as claimed in claim 1, the outer wall A(102 that it is characterized in that upper module (1)) with the outer wall B(201 of lower module (2)) shape is identical, its outer wall length is 200-3000mm, and the module height that upper module (1), lower module (2) form is 50-1000mm.
9. a method for saline land greening, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) smooth saline land, excavation drainage ditch (9), arranges the drainage ditch (9) from traversed by mistake every 1-50m;
2) lay module for planting, described module comprises upper module (1), lower module (2), described upper module (1) is by outer wall A(102), top board (101) and the upper load-bearing pillar (104) being fixed on top board (101) connect and compose, described lower module (2) is by outer wall B(201), base plate (205) and the lower load-bearing pillar (202) being fixed on base plate (205) connect and compose, upper module (1), lower module (2) superposes up and down and passes through upper load-bearing pillar (104), lower load-bearing pillar (202) is connected and forms an overall structure, upper load-bearing pillar (104), the position of lower load-bearing pillar (202) is consistent with quantity, described top board arranges hollow out on (101), and this hollow out is crisscross grid, circle lattice, triangle or diamond structure, described base plate (205) is the panel of sealing, on the top board (101) of described upper module (1), be provided with two above water inlets (107), each water inlet (107) water inlet pipe (3) that is connected, water inlet pipe (3) extends on the base plate (205) of lower module (2) by water inlet (107), the exit position of each water inlet pipe (3) arranges two delivery ports, forms the angle of 45-90 ° of degree between two delivery ports of water inlet pipe (3), setting liquidates between the delivery port of different water inlet pipes (3), the outer wall A(102 of described upper module (1)) one side or one side be above arranges recessed junction button A(103), protruding junction button A(106), the outer wall B(201 of lower module (2)) one side or one side be above arranges recessed junction button B(204), protruding junction button B(203), recessed junction button A(103) corresponding recessed junction button B(204) form recessed junction button, protruding junction button A(106) corresponding protruding junction button B(203) form protruding junction button, the outer wall A(102 of described upper module (1)) one side or one side be above arranges an above discharge outlet (105), and discharge outlet (105) position is at outer wall A(102) the 1/3-2/3 place of height, discharge outlet (105) connection drainpipe (4),
3) upper module (1), lower module (2) form a module, between adjacent block, by recessed junction button, protruding junction button clamping close-fitting, connect, and arrange module drainpipe (4) is directly accessed in drainage ditch (9) near one of drainage ditch (9);
4) in module, lay ground cloth (6), the upper matrix (5) of laying of ground cloth (6), the upper planting plants of matrix (5).
10. the method for a kind of saline land greening as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: during the large tree of plantation, first dig pit, then module is laid on to the end, hole and hole plot around, hole surrounding vertical direction arranges baffle plate (10); To set greatly native ball (7) and put into, soil (8) backfill, re-lays matrix (5) on native ball (7), and at the bottom of the hole of large tree, both sides need arrange drainage ditch (9), and the drainpipe of module (4) enters unnecessary water in drainage ditch (9).
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| CN110382796A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2019-10-25 | 亚科赛福林阿尔曼有限公司 | Drainage body and intermediate plate |
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