CN107581022A - Southern area ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation matrix and its application process - Google Patents
Southern area ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation matrix and its application process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the technical field of ancient and well-known trees Soil ecology restoration, more specifically, it relates to southern area ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation matrix and its application process.Its drip irrigation device is：Including following component and volume proportion：20 50 parts of yellow soil, 20 50 parts of peat, 15 parts of wormcast.It is nontoxic using natural ecotypes rejuvenation matrix rejuvenation ancient and well-known trees, the good improvement to soil can be realized, increase gas permeability, the ability of retain water and nutrients, promotes ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation, will not be grown again to ancient and well-known trees and bring side effect, do not polluted the environment.Yellow soil, compost, river sand, the price of peat advantageously reduce cost, and wide material sources, are readily available, it is not easy to grow pest and disease damage all than less expensive.Wormcast be advantageous to ancient and well-known trees provide mineral matter and other must nutrient, effect of rejuvenation is preferable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of ancient and well-known trees Soil ecology restoration, more specifically, it relates to which southern area is ancient
Set name wood rejuvenation matrix and its application process.
Background technology
Ancient and well-known trees are the treasure and cultural heritage that the Nature and forefathers leave the mankind for, are described as by people " green
Living fossil ", it is the crystallization of harmony between man and nature coexistence.With the raising that the whole society is realized to ecological environmental protection, ancient and well-known trees
Increasingly paid attention to its unique scientific research, science popularization, history, humanity and travel value by people, and it is local green as one
Color name piece.Ancient tree passes through the growth of hundreds and thousands of years, under the frequent interference of mankind's activity, its on the spot environment depended on for existence hair
Raw great variety, edaphic condition drastically deteriorate, and growing way is gradually weak or even dead.
China's ancient and well-known trees protection work startup is more early, and it is whole that the main rejuvenation technique measure currently formed mainly includes pruning
Shape, treehole repairing, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, ground environmental renovation, soil improvement, tree body reinforcing, nutritional supplementation etc..Wherein, ancient tree name
The soil improvement of wood is an important ring.
The weak basic reason of most of ancient trees is that the change of on the spot environment causes root soil to be acidified or alkalize, salinity
It is too high, hardened, permeable breathable is poor, mineral nutrient concentration is insufficient etc., root system can not normal growth, enough battalion can not be absorbed
Support supply ancient tree growth.Zhang Baoxin et al. 2011《Landscape Architecture in Beijing》Delivered on periodical《It is adapted to the matrix of rejuvenation of ancient tree
Screening study》In write exactly, ancient tree it is weak relevant with internal mineral nutrient element.And soil grown as ancient tree it is basic,
Enough attention should be caused.But many places are simply simple when carrying out ancient tree soil improvement to backfill general soil, seldom
Or soil physico-chemical property is not detected, do not account for the various nutriment bars needed for the fragile root growth of ancient tree
Part, the assay of system is also lacked to the effect of rejuvenation.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, also there are some documents and patent to be improved the soil of ancient and well-known trees：
Zhang Baoxin et al. 2011《Landscape Architecture in Beijing》Delivered on periodical《It is adapted to the Screening matrix research of rejuvenation of ancient tree》In
Rejuvenation situation analysis of 14 kinds of substrate compositions combination to Beijing ancient and well-known trees is found, original soil backfill or original soil add other into
The effect divided is less desirable, turf+organic fertilizer, and turf+first two kinds of matrix of standing grain god can promote the growth of radicula well；Addition
The number root system volume of cypress soil+organic fertilizer and cypress soil+two kinds of amino acid matrix is larger；Rejuvenation of these four matrix to ancient tree
Effect is preferable.
Chinese invention patent CN104737851B discloses a kind of black pine rejuvenation matrix, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
500 parts of fermentation material, 50 parts of pine tag soil and 1 part of additive, fermentation material, pine tag soil and the well mixed as rejuvenation base of additive
Matter；Described fermentation material adds including 1000 parts of animal wastes, 72 parts of fallen leaves, 0.1 part of zymophyte, 0.15 part of function bacterium, 2.25 parts
Add agent.Zymophyte is EM bacteria agent, and function bacterium includes geotrichum candidum, Xiamen pseudomonad, the different Shewanella of soil, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and withered grass
The bacterium powder of bacillus, its weight ratio are 1:1:2:1:1.Above matrix can improve soil texture, manganese, zinc, magnesium, potassium in soil
Dramatically increased Deng nutrient, and then promote the healthy growth of root system, black pine absorbs nutrient and the ability of moisture greatly increases；It is black
The quantity of mould is significantly improved on root in pine stump system Soil Surrounding, and the dead-arm incidence of disease of black pine is reduced to by original 100%
37.8%, disease resistance significantly increases.
Chinese invention patent CN105906436A discloses a kind of culture medium of black pine seedlings, by following raw material system
Into：Pitchstone, perlite, pine tag soil, polyurethane, peanut shell, rice husk, vinasse, leaf, bark, EM bacterium, pericarp, wheat bran, bamboo
Leaf, calcium bicarbonate, complex enzyme, cortex albiziae, cut summer sieve, capsicum, azedarach, Radix changii, ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sulfuric acid
Calcium, zinc sulfate, sodium selenite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, potassium chloride, borax, leavening, zeatin；This matrix can promote seedling
Growth, improve the survival rate of seedling, strengthen the disease-resistant of seedling, drought-resistant ability, utilization rate is high, and preparation method is simple, easy to operate,
Small investment, it can be mass produced and be promoted.
Chinese invention patent CN105859458A discloses a kind of environmental rejuvenation of ancient tree matrix, by the group of following parts by weight
It is grouped into：40 ~ 60 parts of rice husk, 20 ~ 40 parts of maize straw, 5 ~ 7 parts of soya-bean cake, 3 ~ 7 parts of bone meal, 7 ~ 12 parts of plant ash, water-loss reducer 0.5
Part, 0.2 ~ 0.3 part of fermenting agent, 0.4 ~ 0.8 part of trace element in iron content, boron, manganese, zinc etc..This matrix formulations by it is different into
The coordinated divided, have the advantages that ecology is degradable, nutrient is balanced, fertilizer efficiency is lasting, is more easy to by ancient tree Root Absorption.This invention
A kind of preparation method of rejuvenation of ancient tree matrix is also disclosed, substep mixing is carried out to different component, operating procedure is relatively easy, obtains
Small investment needed for the equipment prepared to rejuvenation of ancient tree matrix, is not limited by production site, workable, is adapted to industrial metaplasia
Production.
The matrix of some rejuvenation ancient and well-known trees is proposed in such scheme, mainly for the ancient and well-known trees in the north, but China
Southern and northern environmental difference is larger, and the species differences of ancient and well-known trees are also bigger, are directly used according to above-mentioned rejuvenation matrix formulations
The southern ancient and well-known trees of rejuvenation, effect are less desirable.
Therefore need to propose a kind of rejuvenation matrix of the new ancient and well-known trees for southern region of China.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention one is to provide a kind of southern area ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation
Matrix, it is more suitable for the rejuvenation of southern ancient and well-known trees.
The present invention above-mentioned technical purpose technical scheme is that：A kind of southern area ancient and well-known trees
Rejuvenation matrix, including following component and volume proportion：
Yellow soil 20-50 parts
Peat 20-50 parts
Wormcast 1-5 parts.
Yellow soil refers to the soil apart from the certain depths in ground, typically takes away from the deep soil of earth's surface 0.3-2.0 rice.Yellow soil
Do not influenceed by earth's surface arable layer and growing plant substantially, crop root, germ and worm's ovum are all fewer.The present invention is from yellow
Cubsoil makees rejuvenation host material, can substantially reduce the incidence of pest and disease damage, avoids triggering disease pest in improved soil as far as possible
Evil.
Peat is loose, and air-and water-permeable performance is good, and retain water and nutrients ability is strong, can effectively solve the hardened of ancient and well-known trees soil and ask
Topic, and the loss of water and fertilizer is reduced, also using the rejuvenation of ancient and well-known trees, and economize on resources；Peat quality gently facilitates fortune
Defeated, the disease-free spore of peat and worm's ovum are nontoxic, reduce the probability that pest and disease damage occurs, more conducively protect ancient and well-known trees；Peat is distributed
With generality, the every place for having water and plant growth of earth surface, as long as there is the accumulation bar suitable for preserving plant remains
Part, peat can be formed, it is not easy to by the differentia influence of region, it is easier to obtain.
Wormcast is a kind of black, class material in small, broken bits that is homogeneous, having nature Earthy Taste, have good permeability, aeration,
Drainage and high water-holding capacity.Small graininess can also help to promote soil to be contacted as much as possible with air, because they are the same as soil
Make soil no longer hardened and hard after earth mixing, the more conducively good growth of ancient and well-known trees.
Many organic wastes, especially feces of livestock and poultry, typically in alkalescence, and the most of ancient and well-known trees of southern region of China
The somatomedin slant acidity of hobby（pH=5.5-6.5）.Using dealing with earthworm feces of livestock and poultry, in earthworm digestion process, make to discard
The pH of thing is reduced, and tends to be neutral, therefore wormcast can provide more suitable pH value for ancient and well-known trees.
Wormcast is because there is very big surface area so that many beneficial microbe existences, especially rich in beneficial thin
Bacterium, actinomyces and fungi, these microorganisms not only make the active principle that complex material mineralising is easy to absorb for plant, but also close
Into a series of materials for having bioactivity, such as sugar, amino acid, vitamin, therefore wormcast is not only each containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium etc.
Dvielement, and contain containing the various trace elements such as iron, manganese, zinc, copper, magnesium and 18 kinds of amino acid, the content of organic matter and humus
Amount can further promote the good growth of ancient and well-known trees up to 30% or so.Because wormcast cost is of a relatively high, the present invention
A small amount of wormcast is only with the addition of, good improved soil can be played a part of, will not make cost too high again.And surveyed through experiment
Examination, the content of wormcast is not easy too high in rejuvenation matrix, otherwise can influence the conductivity value of soil, is planted during 25 DEG C of national regulation
The conductivity value area requirement of soil is in 0.1-1.2mS/cm, and the standard in some southern cities can be some higher, therefore wormcast
Addition it is unsuitable too high.
The present invention carrys out improved soil using southern area ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation matrix, that is, realizes the rejuvenation of ancient and well-known trees,
Side effect will not be brought again, is not also polluted the environment, and achieved many things at one stroke.
Preferably：Rejuvenation matrix also includes compost, and the volume proportion of compost is 0-25 parts.
The compost that the present invention uses is gardens green waste compost.Compost is natural nutriment, and nontoxic, is had
Beneficial to improved soil.The processing mode of gardens green waste has landfill or burned at present, not only wastes resource, Er Qielang
Manpower and materials are taken, burning also pollutes the environment, therefore uses compost, can turn waste into wealth, and is advantageous to save the energy, reduces multiple
The cost of strong matrix.
Preferably：Rejuvenation matrix also includes river sand, and the volume proportion of river sand is 0-24 parts.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, river sand is added in rejuvenation matrix, is advantageous to improve the porosity of yellow soil, increases
Add ventilative water permeability；And river sand is cheap, it is readily available, advantageously reduces the cost of rejuvenation matrix.
Preferably：The volume proportion of the yellow soil is 30-50 parts.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, when yellow soil volume proportion is 30-50 parts, be advantageous to improve the anti-of rejuvenation matrix
Pest and disease damage ability, while also there is certain suppression weed growth, also easily removed even if grown weeds；Yellow soil
Also there is certain viscosity, it is not easy to excessively reduce the anchoring capability of root system.
Preferably：The volume proportion of the peat is 20-30 parts.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, peat have the characteristics that it is loose it is ventilative, retain water and nutrients ability is strong, can effectively solve
The hardened problem of ancient and well-known trees soil, it is possible to reduce the loss of water and fertilizer, utilize the rejuvenation of ancient and well-known trees；The disease-free spore of peat
Son and worm's ovum, it is nontoxic, the probability of pest and disease damage generation can be reduced, is advantageous to protect ancient and well-known trees；Peat distribution has generality, no
Easily by the differentia influence of region, it is readily available.It our experiments show that above-mentioned volume proportion is more suitable.
Preferably：The volume proportion of the wormcast is 2-3 parts.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the fertilizer efficiency of wormcast is preferable, but if very few do not reach due effect, mistake
More effect promotings are not obvious enough, but cost increase is relatively more, therefore select above volume proportion.
Preferably：The volume proportion of the compost is 15-25 parts.
Compost is twice laid, and cost is low, can add more, fine to the improved effect of soil, but excessively, hold
Easily influence the anchoring capability of ancient and well-known trees root system.
The purpose of the present invention two is that providing a kind of southern area ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation matrix is applied to southern region of China
The method of ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation.
The present invention above-mentioned technical purpose technical scheme is that：South described in such scheme
Regional ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation matrix is applied to the method for ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation,
Step 1 chooses the seedling strain of the common ancient and well-known trees seeds of southern region of China, chooses more than three groups with kind and grows consistent
Seedling strain；
Step 2 is cultivated, and uses what is chosen in the southern area ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation substrate culture step 1 described in such scheme
Miao Zhu；
Step 3 selects optimum formula, the seedling strain tested after rejuvenation substrate culture, selects optimum formula；
Step 4 soil improvement, soil improvement is carried out to weak ancient and well-known trees using the optimum formula filtered out；
Step 5 is tested, the growing state of the weak ancient and well-known trees after testing soil improvement.
The ancient and well-known trees species of southern area is various, and the habit of every kind of tree is each variant, but ancient tree soil for growth is on the whole
Slant acidity is presented to neutrality.The present invention chooses southern area ancient tree representativeness seeds, carries out cultivation test to seedling strain, filters out most
Good formula, soil improvement more effectively can be carried out to ancient and well-known trees, ancient and well-known trees effect of rejuvenation can also become apparent from, and can be with
The seeds of test are carried out inquiring about use after record is provided with, the seeds similar to habit also have good reference value.Test
The rejuvenation situation of ancient and well-known trees facilitates the statistical induction of data after soil improvement, so as to the use in later stage.
In summary, the invention has the advantages that：
First, using natural ecotypes rejuvenation matrix rejuvenation ancient and well-known trees, it is nontoxic, it can realize and the good of soil is changed
It is good, increase gas permeability, the ability of retain water and nutrients, promote ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation, side effect will not be brought to ancient and well-known trees, will not be dirty
Contaminate environment.
Second, the price of yellow soil, compost, river sand, peat advantageously reduces cost, and source is wide all than less expensive
It is general, it is readily available, and be not easy to grow pest and disease damage.
Third, wormcast be advantageous to ancient and well-known trees provide mineral matter and other must nutrient, and chesson can be played
Effect, effect of rejuvenation are good.
Embodiment
With reference to form and embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
Southern area ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation matrix and its application process, according to orthogonal experiment, according to embodiment in following table
Component and the volume parts mixing of 1- embodiments 16 are equipped with 16 kinds of matrix, are total to respectively with the Chinese people after 16 kinds of matrix are configured
With state professional standard-forest soil analysis method measure matrix nutrient content, total porosity, unit weight, pH value, EC values（It is soluble
Salinity, i.e. electrical conductivity）, venting quality, kept after test standby.
Step 1 selects ancient and well-known trees seedling strain, chooses 16 groups with kind and grows consistent ancient and well-known trees seedling strain, seedling, which is selected good strains in the field for seed, to be taken
The more ancient tree kind banyan in south, every group of 20 plants of experiment.
Step 2 is cultivated, 16 chosen in the 16 kinds of rejuvenation substrate culture steps 1 configured using embodiment 1- embodiments 16
Group banyan seedling；Poured with drip irrigation, be managed after plantation by daily method, applied fertilizer with composite fertilizer of Norway（15：15：15）For
It is main, dose 1kg/m3, apply once within 30 days.
Step 3 selects optimum formula, sample of each plant as data acquisition, determines plant height, hat with tape measure within every 30 days
Width, the data such as relative chlorophyll content are determined with SPAD-502.60 days after experiment, 10 plants of random inspection, wash after root with ten thousand deep LA-
S root systems of plant analyzer system scans root system, measure root long, root surface area, volume, average diameter.More various formulation medias
Effect, experiment in cultivation filters out optimum formula after terminating.
Step 4 soil improvement, using the optimum formula filtered out to soil improvement, rejuvenation is carried out to weak ancient tree.
Step 5 is tested, and randomly selects 100 mature leafs before rejuvenation and after rejuvenation after 60 days, and phase is determined with SPAD-502
To chlorophyll content, distinguish leaf length, leaf width with steel ruler, then weigh 100 leaf fresh weights, claim dry weight after being dried to constant weight.
The each component of 1 embodiment 1- embodiments of table 16 and volume proportion
Remarks：Wherein compost be gardens green waste through crushing, pile up, it is decomposed after obtain.
The preparation method of wormcast：
It is 20 according to cow dung and earthworm 1. being inoculated with earthworm in cow dung:1 mass ratio is cultivated；
2. earthworm and wormcast are collected after earthworm is cleared up completely after cow dung；
3. the earthworm in step 2 is taken out and carries out new culture, it is to be used to collect wormcast；Earthworm ovum in wormcast throws away reservation
In wormcast.
4. the wormcast in step 3 is packed, and refrigerate in refrigerating chamber, the temperature setting of refrigerating chamber is at 0-5 DEG C.And protect
Wormcast is still in 0-5 DEG C of environment in card transportation.
Earthworm ovum is kept in wormcast, and the later stage is in use, can form the further improved soil of earthworm in soil.
But if with regard to earthworm egg hatching being earthworm during preservation or transport, later stage earthworm when using can be influenceed
The accuracy that excrement is weighed, the repeatability decline of formula, and also it is relatively fewer for the nutriment of earthworm absorption in wormcast,
Growing for earthworm can be influenceed.The suitable incubation temperature of earthworm ovum is 10-30 DEG C, through testing surface in 0-5 DEG C of environment
Earthworm ovum is difficult to be hatched, and earthworm ovum is also not easy to freeze to death.
Before using wormcast, first wormcast is taken out out of refrigerating chamber, preheats 10-30 minutes and room temperature phase at room temperature
Reused with after, can so dilute the moisture in partial air, also the recovery time certain to earthworm ovum, configure answer
Strong matrix effect of rejuvenation is more preferable.
The preparation method of compost：
1. collecting gardens green waste to be crushed, the particle diameter after crushing is less than 2cm；
2. adding urea in green waste after being pulverized, carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to 25:1, by the green waste after regulation
The stacking of heap coning；
3. being turned over heap body with forklift even, and remain stacking in cone；Most start turning at least 2 times weekly in two weeks, connect down
Carry out at least turning 1 time weekly in two weeks；
4. the temperature of detection pile core daily, keeps the skin wet when temperature is less than 50 DEG C, compost is blocked with cloth for keeping out rain during the rainy day, as far as possible
The water content for keeping compost is 40%；
5. summer compost 50-60 days, winter compost 70 days, until when the pile core temperature of green waste is less than 35 DEG C, in compost
Most organic is decomposed to form humus.
6., can be to the temperature of 30-40 DEG C of addition on stacking when requiring supplementation with moisture during winter carries out compost
Water, accelerate the decomposed of green waste.
Green waste is advantageous to accelerate after crushed decomposed；Carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to 25:1, the formula for being more convenient the later stage is adjusted
Match somebody with somebody；The temperature of pile core is high, and the speed of fermentation maturity is fast, and turning can make the organic matter in compost more uniform decomposed；Simultaneously
Moisture is also to complete a decomposed essential condition of Rapid Fermentation, keeps appropriate moisture, can also accelerate decomposed.
The content of cellulose contained in green waste is higher, can be in heap when needing to accelerate the maturity of compost
The center of pile, add inscribeβ- Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dextranase, it is circumscribedβ- 1,4- dextranases andβ- glucuroide；Inscribeβ- 1,4- Portugals
The noncrystalline domain or carboxymethyl cellulose that dextranase is acted on inside cellulosic molecule, random hydrolysisβ- Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-glycosidic bond, by length
Chain fiber molecule blocks, and produces a large amount of small molecule celluloses；It is circumscribedβ- 1,4- dextranases act on cellulose linear molecule end
End, hydrolysisβ- Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-glycosidic bond, next cellobiose molecule is cut from the non-reducing end of cellulose chain every time, crystallite can be hydrolyzed
Cellulose；βThe cell-oligosaccharide of-glucuroide hydrolysis fiber disaccharides and short chain generation glucose sugar, 3 kinds of enzyme synergies, is completed
Degraded to cellulose.Whereinβ- glucuroide preferably 48 family's cellulases, the degrading activity of 48 family's cellulases is more
It is good.The green waste decomposed time can be reduced by one in the 0.3%-0.5% of green compost quality using the total amount of three kinds of enzymes
More than half.
β- glucuroide belongs to cellulose enzyme, is the important composition composition in cellulose decomposition enzyme system, can hydrolyze
It is incorporated into end irreducibilityβ- D-Glucose key, is discharged simultaneouslyβ- D-Glucose and corresponding aglucon, in additionβ- grape
Glycosidase plays very important effect in terms of insect is defendd, and it can decompose DIM BOA-Glc in plant（2,4- dihydroxy-
7- methoxyl group -1,4- benzoxazine -3- glucosides）, poisonous aglucon part DIMBOA is discharged, applied to rejuvenation of the present invention
Phytophage and insect can be defendd in matrix.
As a result with analysis
1. different rejuvenation matrix analysis of physical and chemical property
Matrix is the carrier of plant growth, and its composition and proportioning can directly influence the upgrowth situation of plant, according to different ancient trees
The physical and chemical index testing result of rejuvenation matrix（It is shown in Table 2）As can be seen that the unit weight of embodiment 15 is maximum, it is 1.37 g/cm3；It is real
It is minimum to apply the unit weight of example 1, is 0.74 g/cm3.Mixed-matrix, it is that regulation different substrates composition and proportioning can be varied or adjusted
The unit weight of matrix, matrix is set to reach the needs of suitable plant growth.It is generally believed that plant is 0.1~0.8 g/cm in unit weight3's
In matrix can normal growth it is good, the aeration of matrix can be increased in the course of cultivation.But for ancient tree, as rejuvenation base
Matter, the too low soil weight easily decline root system anchoring capability, run into typhoon weather and easily cause ancient tree to lodge, especially southern
Fang platform wind coastal area typhoon is more, more needs to consider the anchoring capability of root system.
Total porosity has reacted the void condition of matrix, and total porosity is big, and the amount of receiving air and water is also bigger, so as to have
Beneficial to the growth of root system of plant, but it is unfavorable for the anchoring capability of root system；Conversely, matrix accommodates air and the amount of water is smaller, it is unfavorable
In the stretching, extension of root system and the growth of plant.Measurement result shows that the porosity of embodiment 10 is maximum, is 67.86%, remaining processing
Total porosity it is all smaller than embodiment 10.
The maximum water-holding capacity of matrix is studied, is advantageous to make full use of the moisture holding capacity of matrix, using water wisely, reduction maintains into
This.Maximum water-holding capacity is 841.39g/kg with the highest of embodiment 16；Secondly it is embodiment 1, is 836.39g/kg；3rd is
Embodiment 10, is 808.79g/kg, and embodiment 6, the maximum water-holding capacity of embodiment 7 also in more than 800g/kg, illustrate this five kinds of bases
Matter formula both increases the maximum water-holding capacity of cultivation matrix.
The pH value of 16 embodiments is faintly acid, is more suitable for the rejuvenation of ancient tree；
The EC values of 16 embodiments are 0.15-0.41 mS/cm, the conductivity value area requirement of planting soil during 25 DEG C of national regulation
In 0.1-1.2mS/cm, the standard in some southern cities can be higher, as Guangzhou, Guangdong provide 25 DEG C when planting soil
Conductivity value area requirement meets standard in 0.16-0.6mS/cm, the EC values of 16 embodiments.
The physical property of 2 16 kinds of rejuvenation matrix of table
2. different rejuvenation matrix are to plant height, the influence of hat width growth
From the results shown in Table 3, growth of the different rejuvenation matrix to banyan has different effects, the plant height of embodiment 10
Average increasing amount highest, it is 68.96cm, the high 8.84~29.39cm of plant height average increasing amount of embodiments more several than other.It is real
The plant height average increasing amount of example 9 is applied also in 60.12cm, embodiment 1, embodiment 4, embodiment 6, embodiment 7, embodiment 11 and reality
The plant height average increasing amount of example 16 is applied in more than 50cm, the plant height average increasing amount of other embodiment is substantially in more than 40cm.
Thing hat width average increasing amount is 69.98cm with the increment highest of embodiment 10,；The increment of embodiment 15
It is minimum, it is 59.75cm.Other embodiment thing hat width average increasing amount is significantly lower than embodiment 10 all in more than 60cm.
Similarly, hat width average increasing amount in north and south is 76.12cm, the increment of embodiment 15 is most with the increment highest of embodiment 10
It is low, it is 63.35cm；The increment and embodiment 10 of other embodiment have certain difference.
As can be seen that only embodiment 10 is in plant height average increasing amount, thing hat width average increasing amount and south from data
Northern hat width average increasing amount is all higher than other 15 embodiments, illustrates growth effect of the rejuvenation matrix of embodiment 10 to banyan
Fruit is best, although other embodiment effect is more weaker than embodiment 10, also has certain effect of rejuvenation.
The growing state of banyan seedling strain under 3 16 kinds of rejuvenation matrix of table
3. influence of the different rejuvenation matrix to chlorophyll content in leaf blades
Chlorophyll is that green plants carries out photosynthetic primary pigments, and chlorophyll content is very close with photosynthetic relation
Cut, its content height directly affects photosynthesis of plant or even to influence plant normally metabolic, to a certain extent can be with
Reflect the growth potential of trees.Different rejuvenation matrix are influenceed shown in table 4 on plant leaf blade relative chlorophyll content.
The 30th day after plantation, the chlorophyll content highest of blade in embodiment 10, performance is the most notable, embodiment 6 and reality
It is relatively low to apply the chlorophyll content of blade in example 11, more than 40, the chlorophyll content of blade is 50 in other embodiment
More than, and gap is not very big.
The 60th day after plantation, the chlorophyll content of each embodiment blade is significantly improved, and reason is probably each after 30 days
Embodiment has fertilising, causes chlorophyll content of plant to have different degrees of raising, and chlorophyll content highest is still to implement
Example 10.From the point of view of the apparent index of plant, plant growing way is generally consistent with chlorophyll content.Because chlorophyll content is high, light
With by force, the organic nutrient of manufacture is more for cooperation, and then promotes plant growth, and this influences saying for plant growth with chlorophyll content of plant
Method is consistent.
Different disposal blade relative chlorophyll content after 4 16 kinds of rejuvenation matrix treatments of table
Soil fertility is the core and essence of soil.Research shows that plant leaf chlorophyll content and nitrogen content in soil are close
Correlation, because nitrogen can promote the synthesis of crop chlorophyll, protein and esters, and photosynthate is set to be utilized in time, with
Exempt from accumulation excessively to suppress photosynthetic and be smoothed out.There are some researches show, chlorophyll content of plant and amount of nitrogen in significantly it is linear just
Dependency relation, but after nitrogen reaches certain value in soil, plant leaf chlorophyll content continue to apply without being further added by
Add, chlorophyll content of plant and quality will reduce, and unnecessary nitrogen enters soil pollution underground water with irrigation.
4. influence of the different rejuvenation matrix to root growth
Plant root growth is the basis that plant well develops, and flourishing underground, which absorbs root system, could maintain good above-ground organs
Growth.Analyzed with ten thousand deep LA-S root systems of plant analyzers, as can be seen from Table 5, the root length that respectively handles, surface
Difference is not notable between product, volume, average diameter, but the four indices of embodiment 10 are superior to other embodiment.These and plant
Thing plant height and hat width increment positive correlation, illustrate that root system is more flourishing, plant growth amount is higher.During rejuvenation of ancient tree, Ying Te
Not Zhu Chong ancient tree root system induction, order in a short time becomes the key factors of rejuvenation success or failure to ancient tree root growth and development.
Table 5 respectively handles the contrast of root system four indices
Note：L:Length (cm), SA:Surface area (cm2)、V:Volume (cm3)、D：Average diameter (mm)
By analyzing the experimental result with upper table 5, it is that ancient banyan is used as in the several embodiments of the above that can draw embodiment 10
The optimal rejuvenation matrix formulations of tree, soil improvement is carried out to weak ancient banyan using the rejuvenation matrix formulations in embodiment 10.
According to conceptual design, 72m common to ancient tree root system2In the range of soil improved, while gather related data.The data of collection are shown in
Table 6.
Indices contrast before and after rejuvenation formula improved soil rejuvenation Gu banyan in the embodiment 10 of table 6
From table 6 to find out, rejuvenation front vane chlorophyll content（SPAD values）For 50.4, it is significantly increased after rejuvenation to 80.2, increase
29.8 SPAD values, amplification is fairly obvious, from the appearance leaf color is dark green glossy；100 ripe leaf fresh weights are by rejuvenation
The 28.14g that preceding 13.75g increases to after rejuvenation, increase weight as 104.65%；Dry weight increases to 9.75 by 4.41g, weightening
121.09%.Similarly, the average leaf length of 100 ripe leaves increases to 5.5cm by 4.1cm, and mean blade width is increased by 2.4cm
To 2.7cm.These data are reacted on appearance index, and leaf color is turned to be yellow before rejuvenation, branches and leaves are sparse, blade is less than normal, after rejuvenation
Leaf color is dark green, blade it is thickening it is elongated, constantly have young leaves sprouting.
In addition, during the culture matrix cultivating seedling strain with 16 kinds of embodiments, earthworm oviparity grows up to for earthworm, enters
One step chesson, earthworm are laid eggs again after growing into adult earthworm, and the sustainability for realizing soil is improved.Same using is real
Apply in example 10 and earthworm, and growth over time, earthworm are have also discovered in 2 months after rejuvenation formula improved soil rejuvenation Gu banyan
Quantity also increased, and then can more preferable chesson, increase the total porosity of soil, be more beneficial for ancient tree enters one
Walk rejuvenation and growth.
Conclusion：Ancient and well-known trees can continuously absorb various nutrition to form in growth and development process from soil
Various tissues, organ and the needs for supplying life of organism.Growth of the soil to ancient tree has highly important meaning, and it is managed
Changing distribution of the property to ancient tree root system has conclusive effect, and the distribution characteristics of root system reflects the adaptation energy of ancient tree
Power, indirectly reflect in the outward appearance growth indexes of ancient tree.In numerous weak ancient tree at present, due on the spot environment
Deteriorate the problem of triggering and account for very big proportion, therefore by the transformation particularly soil improvement of on the spot environment, build and be adapted to Gu
The ventilation nutrient environment of root growth is set, is particularly important to recovering ancient tree growing way.
For the most representative ancient tree seeds banyan in south, using local characteristic soil yellow soil, peat soil, river sand with
And compost, wormcast are raw material, rejuvenation matrix is prepared according to different proportion, through test in laboratory pH, EC, nutrient content, total
The physical and chemical indexs such as porosity, unit weight, venting quality, the overall target of embodiment 10 are the most reasonable.Cultivation examination is carried out to each rejuvenation matrix
Test, as a result show, in terms of plant height, hat width increment, the highest of embodiment 10, next to that embodiment 9, the comprehensive effect of embodiment 15
Fruit is worst；In terms of leaf chlorophyll relative amount, difference is not notable between each processing, but highest is still embodiment 10；Equally
Ground, difference is not notable between the root length respectively handled, surface area, volume, average diameter, but the four indices of embodiment 10 are equal
Better than other processing.This has absolutely proved importance of the soil physico-chemical property to plant growth, and plant is acid-base value is moderate, ventilation
Property the abundant soil environment of good, nutrient content in, root growth and development is good, and biomass is big.
By the use of the embodiment 10 of screening as southern rejuvenation of ancient tree matrix, soil is carried out to the weak ancient tree banyan in south and changed
It is good.As a result show, chlorophyll content leaf is than adding 29.8 SPAD values, 100 mature leaf fresh weights increasings after 60 days before rejuvenation
Weight is 104.65%, dry weight has increased weight 121.09%, average leaf length increases to 5.5cm by 4.1cm, mean blade width is increased by 2.4cm
It is added to 2.7cm.Absolutely prove that the rejuvenation matrix is adapted to the growth of southern area ancient tree, be worthy of popularization.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation
Example, all technical schemes belonged under thinking of the present invention belong to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
Those of ordinary skill for, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. southern area ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation matrix, it is characterised in that including following component and volume proportion：
Yellow soil 20-50 parts
Peat 20-50 parts
Wormcast 1-5 parts.
2. southern area ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that rejuvenation matrix also includes heap
Fertilizer, and the volume proportion of compost is 0-25 parts.
3. southern area ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that rejuvenation matrix also includes river
Sand, and the volume proportion of river sand is 0-24 parts.
4. southern area ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the volume of the yellow soil
Match as 30-50 parts.
5. southern area ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the volume of the peat is matched somebody with somebody
Than for 20-30 parts.
6. southern area ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the volume of the wormcast
Match as 2-3 parts.
7. southern area ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation matrix according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the volume of the compost is matched somebody with somebody
Than for 15-25 parts.
8. the southern area ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation matrix in claim 1-7 described in any one is applied to ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation
Method, it is characterised in that
Step 1 chooses the seedling strain of the common ancient and well-known trees seeds of southern region of China, chooses more than three groups with kind and grows consistent
Seedling strain；
Step 2 is cultivated, and usage right requires the southern area ancient and well-known trees rejuvenation substrate culture step described in any one in 1-7
The seedling strain chosen in rapid 1；
Step 3 selects optimum formula, the seedling strain tested after rejuvenation substrate culture, selects optimum formula；
Step 4 soil improvement, soil improvement is carried out to weak ancient and well-known trees using the optimum formula filtered out；
Step 5 is tested, the growing state of the weak ancient and well-known trees after testing soil improvement.
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Application publication date: 20180116 |