CN103360179A - Formula and manufacturing method for pholiota nameko cultivation material - Google Patents
Formula and manufacturing method for pholiota nameko cultivation material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103360179A CN103360179A CN2013103359327A CN201310335932A CN103360179A CN 103360179 A CN103360179 A CN 103360179A CN 2013103359327 A CN2013103359327 A CN 2013103359327A CN 201310335932 A CN201310335932 A CN 201310335932A CN 103360179 A CN103360179 A CN 103360179A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides a formula for a pholiota nameko cultivation material. The cultivation material is characterized in that tea seed hull and tea fruit shuck are used as main raw materials, bagasse, rice bran, corn flour, gypsum powder and the like are used as auxiliary materials, and water content in the cultivation material is 63 to 65%. The invention also provides a manufacturing method for the pholiota nameko cultivation material. Compared with a sawdust cultivation material, the pholiota nameko cultivation material provided by the invention has the following advantages: 1, coarse and fine raw materials of the cultivation material are reasonably collocated, so air permeability and water holding capacity of the cultivation material are improved, the mycelial growth speed of pholiota nameko is accelerated, and time for obtaining a pocketful of pholiota nameko is shortened; 2, through natural piling fermentation, substances like lignin, cellulose, semi-cellulose and pectin in the tea seed hull and the tea fruit shuck are decomposed into simple substances which can be easily absorbed by pholiota nameko, so formation of the sporocarp primordium of pholiota nameko is promoted, the quantity of effective pholiota nameko is increased, and the output of pholiota nameko is increased by 25 to 35%; and 3, the sources of the cultivation raw materials are broadened, production cost is reduced, and the formula and the manufacturing method are suitable for being popularized and applied in an oil tea producing area.
Description
Technical field
Content of the present invention comprises waterloo mushroom cultivation material compatibility, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to the fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Sliding mushroom has another name called HUAZIGU, its matter is tender delicious, nutritious, according to one's analysis, the dried mushroom of every 100g contains crude protein 33.76g, pure protein 15.13g, fatty 4.05g, total reducing sugar 38.89g, Mierocrystalline cellulose 14.23g, ash content 8.99g, the slime layer of its mushroom cap surface is rich in mucopolysaccharide, has the tumour of inhibition, constitutional effect, and sliding mushroom is all good edible mushroomss of a kind of inside and outside quality.
China is the main production and consumption big country of sliding mushroom, and output occupies first place in the world.The culturing raw material of sliding mushroom is take hardwood wood chip and cotton seed hulls as main, but because the shortage of hardwood wood chip and the continuous rise of cotton seed hulls price, cause the limited situation of extensive cultivation generally to occur, so each production unit is all attached great importance to looking for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Oil tea is China distinctive woody edible oil material seeds, with Fructus oleae europaeae, oil palm, coconut and be called the world's four large traditional oil trees.China is the country that oil tea output is the highest in the world, distribution is the widest, kind is maximum.The oil tea cultivated area of China and tea seed output account for the whole world about 95%, and all the other 5% are distributed in minority Southeast Asian countries and regions.
Camellia oleifera fruit is spherical in shape, oblate, olive shape, diameter 3cm-4cm, and the thick and lignifying of fruit lobe, including seed (1-4 grain) is tea seed, and tea seed is dark brown or black, and triangular shape is glossy.After testing, tea Pu (shell) accounts for 60% in the camellia oleifera fruit, and tea seed accounts for 40%; In the tea seed, tea seed shell (kind shell) accounts for 1/3, and tea seed kernel accounts for 2/3.The existing oil tea cultivated area in the whole nation reaches 4,000,000 hm
2Produce camellia oleifera fruit per year and reach more than 560 ten thousand t, this will bring oil-tea camellia husks, the tea seed shell of more than 70 ten thousand t, the 50000 t leached tea oil slags of more than 300 ten thousand t, so huge quantity is used for the ratio of processing also not quite, and most tea Pu, tea seed shell are used as fuel and are burnt, or be dropped, the leached tea oil slag bitter all goes out of use basically, and the shell that these abandon, plants shell, dregs of rice cake after degraded, can pollute atmosphere, water source and ecotope.
Tea seed shell, its moiety complexity of tea Pu contain the materials such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen, crude protein and tannin (polyphenol) class.After tea seed shell, tea Pu are processed through heap fermentation, owing to having removed the objectionable impurities that affects the hypha of edible fungus growth, the therefore growth of very suitable sliding mushroom.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind of waterloo mushroom cultivation material compatibility take tea seed shell, tea Pu as main raw material
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of waterloo mushroom cultivation material compatibility has following component and quality proportioning: tea seed shell bits 35%-45%, tea Pu bits 15%-25%, bagasse 15%-25%, rice bran 10%, Semen Maydis powder 7%, terra alba 2%, lime powder 1% all is the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
Tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits: tea seed shell dries, is ground into the particle of particle diameter 2mm-3mm; The particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm is dried, is ground into to the tea Pu; Tea seed shell bits, the fermentation of tea Pu bits process natural packing (are piled high 2m, keep windrow moistening, turning in per two months once, the composting time is more than 8 months), to eliminate wherein tannin, grease etc. to the harmful material of hypha of edible fungus growth, after composting finishes, tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits are dried, for subsequent use.Xylogen accounts for 52.10% in the tea seed shell, and carbohydrate accounts for 30.60%; Xylogen accounts for 43.35% in the tea Pu, and carbohydrate accounts for 28.36%.
Bagasse: sugarcane is pressed the waste residue that is left after the sugar, is ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm.The main component of bagasse is approximately 50% Mierocrystalline cellulose, 30% hemicellulose, 15% xylogen and a little ash content, crude protein and soluble sugar.
Rice bran: be the by product when essence is ground rice after the rice hulling, contain protein 12%-18% in the rice bran, nitrogen-free extract is 28%-43%, sugared 3%-8%, in addition, also rich in mineral substances nutrient substance, vitamin B group and vitamin-E etc. in the rice bran.
Semen Maydis powder: as available nutrient, promote the mycelia Fast Growth, can be again sliding mushroom growth vitamin H etc. is provided.
Lime powder, terra alba: the potential of hydrogen of regulating, cushion culture material.
The making method of planting material comprises the steps:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in the raw material;
2. prewet: first tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits are turned under drying regime evenly, thereafter with 1% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the culture material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, will pat all around, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm at heap again, at the bottom of the straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, cover at last straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later on turning every day once, adds the auxiliary materials such as bagasse, rice bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba when for the third time turning, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times 4-5 time altogether, time remaining 6d-7d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
6. sterilize, cool off: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, and (behind the discharging cold air) keeps 8h-10h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Planting material is changed into tampon with the plastics stopper behind the access bacterial classification, then cultivating bag is emitted in the dark bacteria room, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃-24 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 23d-25d, mycelia is covered with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
The present invention is aided with the auxiliary materials such as bagasse, rice bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba take tea seed shell, tea Pu as main raw material, makes the waterloo mushroom cultivation material.Compare with the cultivation on sawdust material, its advantage is: the one, and the collocation of planting material thickness has rationally improved ventilation property and the retentiveness of culture material, makes sliding mushroom mycelial growth rate accelerate the purseful time shorten; The 2nd, ferment by natural packing, the material decomposition such as the xylogen in tea seed shell, the tea Pu, Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin substance are to be conducive to the simple material that sliding mushroom mycelia absorbs, promoted the formation of the former base of sliding massee fruiting bodies, made effective mushroom quantity increase output increased 25%-35%; The 3rd, widened the culturing raw material channel, reduced production cost, be adapted at the oil tea producing region and apply.
Embodiment
Mode 1: the waterloo mushroom cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment: tea seed shell bits 37%, and tea Pu bits 18%, bagasse 25%, rice bran 10%, Semen Maydis powder 7%, terra alba 2%, lime powder 1% all is the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. shine material: the 1d that before spice raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in the raw material;
2. prewet: first tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits are turned under drying regime evenly, thereafter with 1% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled high 1.2m, wide 2m, the trapezoidal heap of length 5m, carry out heap after, will around pat, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 15cm at heap again, at the bottom of the straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, cover at last straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later on turning every day once, adds the auxiliary materials such as bagasse, rice bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba when for the third time turning, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times totally 4 times, time remaining 6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
6. sterilize, cool off: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, and (behind the discharging cold air) keeps 8h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Planting material is changed into tampon with the plastics stopper behind the access bacterial classification, then cultivating bag is emitted in the dark bacteria room, and temperature is controlled at 22 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 65%, and through the cultivation of 23d, mycelia is covered with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
Mode 2: the waterloo mushroom cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment: tea seed shell bits 40%, and tea Pu bits 20%, bagasse 20%, rice bran 10%, Semen Maydis powder 7%, terra alba 2%, lime powder 1% all is the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 3: the waterloo mushroom cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment: tea seed shell bits 43%, and tea Pu bits 22%, bagasse 15%, rice bran 10%, Semen Maydis powder 7%, terra alba 2%, lime powder 1% all is the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 4 (control group): wood chip 78%, wheat bran 20%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%.
By following table as can be known, the tea seed shell of used mode, tea Pu planting material mycelia purseful fate shorten 3d-5d than control group, and its biological efficiency is all above control level, output increased 25%-35%.
The planting material of table different modes is on the impact of sliding mushroom output
Claims (7)
1. a waterloo mushroom cultivation material is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: tea seed shell bits 35%-45%, tea Pu bits 15%-25%, bagasse 15%-25%, rice bran 10%, Semen Maydis powder 7%, terra alba 2%, lime powder 1% all is the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
2. a kind of waterloo mushroom cultivation material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described tea seed shell bits dry, are ground into the particle of particle diameter 2mm-3mm for tea seed shell.
3. a kind of waterloo mushroom cultivation material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described tea Pu bits dry, are ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm for the tea Pu.
4. a kind of waterloo mushroom cultivation material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits, must (pile high 2m through the natural packing fermentation, keep windrow moistening, turning in per two months once, the composting time is more than 8 months), to eliminate wherein tannin, grease etc. to the harmful material of hypha of edible fungus growth, after composting finishes, tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits are dried.
5. a kind of waterloo mushroom cultivation material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described bagasse is that sugarcane is pressed the waste residue that is left after the sugar, the particle that is ground into particle diameter 4mm-5mm.
6. the making method of the waterloo mushroom cultivation material described in the claim 1-5 is characterized in that:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in the raw material;
2. prewet: first tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits are turned under drying regime evenly, thereafter with 1% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the culture material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, will pat all around, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm at heap again, at the bottom of the straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, cover at last straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later on turning every day once, adds the auxiliary materials such as bagasse, rice bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba when for the third time turning, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times 4-5 time altogether, time remaining 6d-7d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
6. sterilize, cool off: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, and (behind the discharging cold air) keeps 8h-10h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
7. utilize the making method of the waterloo mushroom cultivation material described in the claim 1-6, after it is characterized in that planting material access bacterial classification, the plastics stopper is changed into tampon, then cultivating bag is emitted in the dark bacteria room, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃-24 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 23d-25d, mycelia is covered with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103497028A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-08 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing pholiota nameko cultivation material through utilization of pecan production and processing waste |
| CN103497027A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-08 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing hericium erinaceus cultivation material through utilization of pecan production and processing waste |
| CN103524191A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-22 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing abalone mushroom cultivating material by utilizing wastes generated by Chinese walnut production and processing |
| CN103524190A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-22 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing russule cultivating material by utilizing wastes generated by Chinese walnut production and processing |
| CN103641556A (en) * | 2013-12-08 | 2014-03-19 | 邬金梅 | Method for manufacturing pholiota nameko culture material from sunflower byproducts |
| CN104557320A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-04-29 | 邬金飞 | Preparation method of pholiota nameko cultivation material |
| CN104604529A (en) * | 2015-02-14 | 2015-05-13 | 邬金梅 | Cultivation method of Pholiota nameko |
| CN104725130A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-06-24 | 邬金梅 | Method for preparing auricularia polytricha cultivation material |
| CN104725123A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2015-06-24 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of pholiota nameko cultivation material |
| CN104725124A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2015-06-24 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of pholiota nameko cultivation material |
| CN104725125A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2015-06-24 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of pholiota nameko cultivation material |
| CN104744135A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of auricularia polytricha cultivation material |
| CN104737793A (en) * | 2015-03-15 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Cultivation method for pholiota nameko |
| CN104774081A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-07-15 | 邬方成 | Manufacturing method of pholiota nameko cultivation material |
| CN104774082A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-07-15 | 邬方成 | Manufacturing method of pholiota nameko cultivation material |
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| CN103497028A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-08 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing pholiota nameko cultivation material through utilization of pecan production and processing waste |
| CN103497027A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-08 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing hericium erinaceus cultivation material through utilization of pecan production and processing waste |
| CN103524191A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-22 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing abalone mushroom cultivating material by utilizing wastes generated by Chinese walnut production and processing |
| CN103524190A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-22 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing russule cultivating material by utilizing wastes generated by Chinese walnut production and processing |
| CN103524190B (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2015-02-11 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing russule cultivating material by utilizing wastes generated by Chinese walnut production and processing |
| CN103641556A (en) * | 2013-12-08 | 2014-03-19 | 邬金梅 | Method for manufacturing pholiota nameko culture material from sunflower byproducts |
| CN103641556B (en) * | 2013-12-08 | 2015-03-25 | 邬金梅 | Method for manufacturing pholiota nameko culture material from sunflower byproducts |
| CN104557320A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-04-29 | 邬金飞 | Preparation method of pholiota nameko cultivation material |
| CN104604529A (en) * | 2015-02-14 | 2015-05-13 | 邬金梅 | Cultivation method of Pholiota nameko |
| CN104725123A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2015-06-24 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of pholiota nameko cultivation material |
| CN104725124A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2015-06-24 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of pholiota nameko cultivation material |
| CN104725125A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2015-06-24 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of pholiota nameko cultivation material |
| CN104725130A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-06-24 | 邬金梅 | Method for preparing auricularia polytricha cultivation material |
| CN104744135A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of auricularia polytricha cultivation material |
| CN104774081A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-07-15 | 邬方成 | Manufacturing method of pholiota nameko cultivation material |
| CN104774082A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-07-15 | 邬方成 | Manufacturing method of pholiota nameko cultivation material |
| CN104737793A (en) * | 2015-03-15 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Cultivation method for pholiota nameko |
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