CN103396244B - Pleurotuseiorinopieutas cultivation material compatibility and production method of pleurotuseiorinopieutas cultivation material - Google Patents
Pleurotuseiorinopieutas cultivation material compatibility and production method of pleurotuseiorinopieutas cultivation material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103396244B CN103396244B CN201310344247.0A CN201310344247A CN103396244B CN 103396244 B CN103396244 B CN 103396244B CN 201310344247 A CN201310344247 A CN 201310344247A CN 103396244 B CN103396244 B CN 103396244B
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention provides a pleurotuseiorinopieutas cultivation material which is characterized in that tea seed shells and tea fruit shells are used as main raw materials and are supplemented with corn cores, bran, tea seed meal, a gypsum powder and other auxiliary materials, and the water content of the cultivation material is 63%-65%. The invention also provides a production method of the cultivation material. Compared with a wood dust cultivation material, the pleurotuseiorinopieutas cultivation material has the advantages that: one, the cultivation material has good gas permeability and strong water holding capacity, the growth speed of pleurotuseiorinopieutas mycelia is fast, and the sackful time is shortened; two, through natural accumulation of fermentation, lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, a pectic substance and other substances in the tea seed shells and the tea fruit shells are decomposed into simple substances which are beneficial for the pleurotuseiorinopieutas mycelia to absorb, the formation of pleurotuseiorinopieutas fruiting body primordia is promoted, so that the effective mushroom number is increased, and the yield is increased by 30% to 40%; and three, channels for cultivation raw materials are broadened, and the production cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
Content of the present invention comprises YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material compatibility, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
YUHUANG MUSHROOM has another name called Pleurotus Citrinopileatus Sing, goldentop mushroom, Pleurotus citrinopileatus etc., because being common in YUHUANG MUSHROOM of gaining the name on saprophytic elm deadwood.Tame YUHUANG MUSHROOM is that imbricate is grown thickly, and cap base portion is recessed is horn-like, and edge is open and flat, and in wavy, many caps are stacked to cluster together, just like the flower of a branch of gold, and form elegant.The nutritive ingredients such as YUHUANG MUSHROOM rich in proteins, fat, carbohydrate and multivitamin, nutritious, delicate mouthfeel is tender and crisp, delicious flavour, smell delicate fragrance.In addition, YUHUANG MUSHROOM also has the medicinal health value of nourishing and fit keeping function.
YUHUANG MUSHROOM is a kind of wood-decay fungi, has stronger decomposition xylogen, cellulosic ability, so always, mushroom agriculture is all using wood chip and cotton seed hulls as culturing raw material aborning.But nowadays, " bacterium-Lin " contradiction, cotton seed hulls class cost of material continuous rise, therefore each production unit is all attached great importance to and is looked for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Oil tea is China distinctive woody edible oil material seeds, with Fructus oleae europaeae, oil palm, coconut be called the large traditional oil tree in the world four.China is the country that tea-oil tree yield is the highest, distribution is the widest, kind is maximum in the world.The oil tea cultivated area of China and tea seed output account for the whole world about 95%, and all the other 5% are distributed in minority Southeast Asian countries and regions.
Camellia oleifera fruit is spherical in shape, oblate, olive shape, diameter 3cm-4cm, and the thick and lignifying of fruit lobe, include seed (1-4 grain) i.e. tea seed, tea seed is dark brown or black, triangular shape, glossy.After testing, in camellia oleifera fruit, tea Pu (shell) accounts for 60%, and tea seed accounts for 40%; In tea seed, tea seed episperm (kind shell) accounts for 1/3, and tea seed kernel accounts for 2/3.The existing oil tea cultivated area in the whole nation reaches 4,000,000 hm
2produce camellia oleifera fruit per year and reach more than 560 ten thousand t, this will bring oil-tea camellia husks, the tea seed episperm of more than 70 ten thousand t, the 50000 t leached tea oil slags of more than 300 ten thousand t, so huge quantity, also little for the ratio of processing, most tea Pu, tea seed episperm are used as fuel and are burnt, or be dropped, leached tea oil slag bitter all goes out of use substantially, and the shell that these abandon, kind shell, dregs of rice cake are after degradation, can pollute air, water source and ecotope.
Tea seed episperm, its moiety of tea Pu are complicated, containing materials such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen, crude protein and tannin (polyphenol) classes.Tea seed episperm, tea Pu, after heap fermentation process, owing to eliminating the objectionable impurities affecting hypha of edible fungus growth, are therefore suitable for the growth of YUHUANG MUSHROOM very much.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind of YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material compatibility that is main raw material with tea seed episperm, tea Pu
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material compatibility, has following component and quality proportioning: tea seed episperm bits 50%-60%, tea Pu bits 10%-20%, corn cob 12%, wheat bran 10%, leached tea oil slag 5%, terra alba 2%, lime powder 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.
Tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits: tea seed episperm dries, be ground into the particle of particle diameter 2mm-3mm; Tea Pu is dried, be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm; Tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits (are piled high 2m through natural packing fermentation, keep windrow moistening, turning in every two months once, more than 8 months composting time), with the material that the tannin, grease etc. eliminated wherein are harmful to hypha of edible fungus growth, after composting terminates, tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits are dried, for subsequent use.In tea seed episperm, xylogen accounts for 52.10%, and carbohydrate accounts for 30.60%; In tea Pu, xylogen accounts for 43.35%, and carbohydrate accounts for 28.36%.
Corn cob: through drying, is ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm.Add corn cob and both improve planting material sugar and vitamin contents, in turn enhance water retention capacity.
Wheat bran: the wheat cortex that wheat is separated in processing flour process.
Leached tea oil slag: the slag that tea seed is remaining after squeezing tea oil.In leached tea oil slag, robust fibre amount accounts for 9.4%, and crude protein quantity accounts for 25.8%.
Lime powder, terra alba: the potential of hydrogen regulating, cushion culture material.
The making method of planting material, comprises the steps:
1. shine material: be exposed to the sun raw material 1d-2d before spice, utilize ultraviolet to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material;
2. prewet: first tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits are turned evenly in the dry state, carry out prewet (fully drenched) with 1% lime aqueous solution thereafter;
3. to bank up fermentation: wet feed is piled high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of often piling controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then turning is carried out, and turning every day later once, adds the auxiliary materials such as corn cob, wheat bran, leached tea oil slag, terra alba, and keep the skin wet depending on the water content of windrow when third time turning, turning number of times 4-5 time altogether, time remaining 6d-7d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employing specification is 17cm × 35cm × 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g, puts the collar after installing material, insert plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C (after discharge cold air), keep 8h-10h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C.
Plastics stopper, after access bacterial classification, is changed into tampon by planting material, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 22 DEG C-24 DEG C, humid control at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 22d-24d, mycelia covers with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
The present invention for main raw material, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as corn cob, wheat bran, leached tea oil slag, terra alba with tea seed episperm, tea Pu, makes YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material.Compared with wood dust culture material, its advantage is: one is that planting material good permeability, water-retentivity are strong, and YUHUANG MUSHROOM mycelial growth rate is fast, purseful time shorten; Two is fermented by natural packing, the material decomposition such as xylogen, Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin substance in tea seed episperm, tea Pu is the simple material being conducive to the absorption of YUHUANG MUSHROOM mycelia, facilitate the formation of YUHUANG MUSHROOM fruit body primordium, make effective mushroom increasing number, output increased 30%-40%; Three is widened culturing raw material channel, greatly reduces production cost.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea seed episperm bits 50%, tea Pu bits 20%, corn cob 12%, wheat bran 10%, leached tea oil slag 5%, terra alba 2%, lime powder 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. shine material: be exposed to the sun raw material 1d before spice, utilize ultraviolet to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material;
2. prewet: first tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits are turned evenly in the dry state, carry out prewet (fully drenched) with 1% lime aqueous solution thereafter;
3. to bank up fermentation: wet feed is piled high 1.2m, and the trapezoidal heap of wide 3m, after carrying out heap, pats surrounding, then on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 15cm, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then turning is carried out, and turning every day later once, adds the auxiliary materials such as corn cob, wheat bran, leached tea oil slag, terra alba, and keep the skin wet depending on the water content of windrow when third time turning, turning number of times totally 4 times, time remaining 6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employing specification is 17cm × 35cm × 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g, puts the collar after installing material, insert plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C (after discharge cold air), keep 8h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C.
Plastics stopper, after access bacterial classification, is changed into tampon by planting material, and then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 22 DEG C, and humid control is 65%, and through the cultivation of 22d, mycelia covers with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea seed episperm bits 55%, tea Pu bits 15%, corn cob 12%, wheat bran 10%, leached tea oil slag 5%, terra alba 2%, lime powder 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea seed episperm bits 60%, tea Pu bits 10%, corn cob 12%, wheat bran 10%, leached tea oil slag 5%, terra alba 2%, lime powder 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 4 (control group): wood chip 78%, wheat bran 20%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%.
From following table, tea seed episperm bits, the tea Pu bits planting material mycelia purseful number of days of all modes shorten 4d-6d than control group, and its biological efficiency all exceedes control level, output increased 30%-40%.
The planting material of table different modes is on the impact of YUHUANG MUSHROOM output
Claims (8)
1. a YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material, is characterized in that containing, for example lower component and quality proportioning: tea seed episperm bits 50%-60%, tea Pu bits 10%-20%, corn cob 12%, wheat bran 10%, leached tea oil slag 5%, terra alba 2%, lime powder 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.
2. a kind of YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described tea seed episperm bits dry, are ground into the particle of particle diameter 2mm-3mm for tea seed episperm.
3. a kind of YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described tea Pu bits dry, are ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm for tea Pu.
4. a kind of YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits, have to pass through natural packing fermentation, pile high 2m, keep windrow moistening, turning in every two months once, more than 8 months composting time, with the material that elimination tannin wherein, grease are harmful to hypha of edible fungus growth, after composting terminates, tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits are dried.
5. a kind of YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described corn cob size controlling is at 4mm-5mm.
6. a kind of YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described leached tea oil slag is slag remaining after tea seed squeezes tea oil.
7. the making method of a kind of YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
1. shine material: be exposed to the sun raw material 1d-2d before spice, utilize ultraviolet to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material;
2. prewet: first tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits are turned evenly in the dry state, prewet with 1% lime aqueous solution thereafter, make it fully drenched;
3. to bank up fermentation: wet feed is piled high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of often piling controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then turning is carried out, and turning every day later once, adds corn cob, wheat bran, leached tea oil slag, terra alba auxiliary material, and keep the skin wet depending on the water content of windrow when third time turning, turning number of times 4-5 time altogether, time remaining 6d-7d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employing specification is 17cm × 35cm × 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g, puts the collar after installing material, insert plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when after discharge cold air, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C, keep 8h-10h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C.
8. the using method of a kind of YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material according to claim 1, after it is characterized in that access bacterial classification, plastics stopper is changed into tampon, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 22 DEG C-24 DEG C, humid control at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 22d-24d, mycelia covers with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
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| CN104488562A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-08 | 邬金飞 | Culture method for pleurotus eryngii |
| CN104488563A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-08 | 邬金飞 | Culture method of pleurotus geesteranus |
| CN104472227A (en) * | 2015-01-18 | 2015-04-01 | 邬金飞 | Cultivation method for pleurotus citrinipileatus sing |
| CN104591903A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-05-06 | 邬方成 | Manufacturing method of pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation material |
| CN104541992A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-04-29 | 邬方成 | Abalone mushroom culture method |
| CN104584873A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-06 | 邬金梅 | Pleurotus eryngii cultivating method |
| CN104604534A (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2015-05-13 | 邬金梅 | Pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation method |
| CN104829292A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-08-12 | 邬方成 | Pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation material making method |
| CN104860743A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-08-26 | 邬方成 | Pleurotus citrinopileatus sing cultivation material production method |
| CN104770202A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2015-07-15 | 邬方成 | Cultivation method of pleurotus cornucopiae |
| CN104926501A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-23 | 桂林健成生物科技开发有限公司 | Application of momordica grosvenori pomace to cultivating pleurotus citrinopileatus |
| CN106748201A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 芜湖野树林生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of Pleurotus citrinopileatus culture medium |
| CN109122044A (en) * | 2018-10-27 | 2019-01-04 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of mushroom material formula and method preparing cultivation elm mushroom using arhat fruit seed |
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| CN1129254A (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 1996-08-21 | 周道陆 | Composite granulated substratum for edible (medicinal) mushroom series |
| CN1593088A (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2005-03-16 | 四川富贵人生物工程有限公司 | Edible mushroom cultivation material |
| CN1745617B (en) * | 2004-09-06 | 2010-06-16 | 黄永红 | Tea mushroom cultivation with non-broken tea seed shells |
| CN101759454A (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2010-06-30 | 赵伟 | Pleurotus citrinopileutus compound cultivation method |
| CN102047811A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-11 | 周玲 | High-quality and high-yield culturing method of agrocybe aegerita |
| CN102771338A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-11-14 | 湖北华饴木本油脂有限公司 | Oil tea tree seedling culture medium |
| CN103210791B (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2015-04-22 | 河北大学 | Method for cultivating pleurotus citrinopileatus by using persimmon sawdust |
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