CN103274874A - Method for preparing microbial fertilizer special for spinach - Google Patents
Method for preparing microbial fertilizer special for spinach Download PDFInfo
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- CN103274874A CN103274874A CN2013102291045A CN201310229104A CN103274874A CN 103274874 A CN103274874 A CN 103274874A CN 2013102291045 A CN2013102291045 A CN 2013102291045A CN 201310229104 A CN201310229104 A CN 201310229104A CN 103274874 A CN103274874 A CN 103274874A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a microbial fertilizer special for spinach. The method specifically comprises the steps as follows: fermented cultivation of microorganism, processing of crop straws, addition of poultry excrement and wastes of a slaughter house, fermentation treatment, dissolution of an additive, mixing, drying, smashing, canning for obtaining a finished product and the like. The microbial fertilizer prepared by the invention enables yield of spinach, content of vitamin C and iron element to be increased and enables content of nitrate to be decreased, so that the spinach quality is improved greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of microorganism fertilizer, particularly a kind of preparation method of spinach special microorganism fertilizer belongs to fertilizer field.
Background technology
Spinach belongs to one of normal edible vegetables of people, has the iron of benefit effect, and is very popular.At present along with the raising of spinach cultivation technique and the increase of farmingization product consumption, the output of spinach also is greatly improved, but also produced secondary face effect simultaneously, as quality decline, taste variation, pollution aggravation etc., people are also more and more higher to the favor of organic spinach.But the output of organic vegetable is not high, does not satisfy people's demand.Its concrete reason one is fertilizer nutrient content instability, and the ratio of main nutrient elements is unreasonable, causes organic vegetable output to reduce significantly.The 2nd, some fertilizer contains objectionable impurities, such as, the fertilizer that with animal excrement is main material production contains the fodder additives residue, be that the fertilizer of main material production contains heavy metal etc. with sewage work's biochemical sludge, even if use these fertilizer spinach fully according to the operation of organic farm products production standard, its security of products also is difficult to guarantee.This just needs to change existing organic fertilizer production pattern, thereby makes the nutrient release in the fertilizer meet the requirement of spinach nutrition absorption, and is at present also rarely found to the research of spinach special microorganism fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves provides a kind of preparation method of spinach special microorganism fertilizer, can reduce the pollution of mineral manure, can also improve the yield and quality.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
A kind of preparation method of spinach special microorganism fertilizer may further comprise the steps:
(1) fermentation culture of microorganism:
1. bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering are inoculated on the inclined-plane of PDA substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is at 6-8; Culture temperature control is at 20-40 ℃; Cultivate and make bacteria suspension after 12-20 hour, more in proportion 2% inoculum size with the bacterial suspension inoculation for preparing in the PDA liquid nutrient medium, (the shaking table revolution is 160 rev/mins) cultivated in concussion, temperature is controlled at 25-30 ℃, cultivates 48-72 hour;
2. frankia, fish spore bacterium, Geodermatophilus are being improved on the Camp-BAP substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is about 7, temperature is 20-25 ℃, cultivated 12-16 days, the rising temperature continues to cultivate 10-14 days to 28-30 ℃, 1% inoculum size is inoculated in the improvement Camp-BAP liquid nutrient medium and ferments in proportion again, cultivates 72-96 hour under 25-30 ℃ of temperature;
(2) processing of crop material:
With maize straw, cotton stalk, soybean stalk spread out airing to moisture content below 10%; Then above-mentioned stalk is cut in cutting machine and smash, the length after the cutting is 1.5-2cm;
(3) add feces of livestock and poultry and slaughterhouse waste:
Adding weight ratio in the crop material after pulverizing is pig manure, chicken manure, pork slaughterhouse waste, the chicken slaughterhouse waste of 2:3:1:1; The weight ratio of adding above-mentioned substance and stalk is 50: 30-50 after the interpolation mixes both;
(4) fermentation: above-mentioned each material that will get ready is put into fermenter, evenly add cultured microorganism species simultaneously, and add brown sugar and water, mixture (maize straw, cotton stalk, soybean stalk, pig manure, chicken manure, pork slaughterhouse waste, chicken slaughterhouse waste): water: microorganism species: the weight ratio of brown sugar is 1000-1200:200-400:1:2; Throwing is turned in mechanize, with opening material, increase amount of oxygen, cultivate after 1-2 days, mixture is covered with plastics film, became thoroughly decomposed time 2-3 days, when finding that temperature surpasses 65 ℃, open film mixture carried out overturning, the timed interval be 1-2 days once, overturning 3-4 time, and then with the processing of plastics film jack, every square metre of slotting 10-20 1-2cm
2Sky, suitably strengthen amount of oxygen, temperature is controlled at 45-50 ℃, when finding that material is loose, does not have the original stink of material, and the ammonia flavor is arranged slightly, fermentation finishes when producing white hypha in the heap, obtains the fermented product that moisture content is 30-40%;
(5) dissolving of additive: be that the ratio of 2:1:3:4 is mixed with calcium superphosphate, boron mud, potassium fulvate, water according to weight ratio, stir, be stirred to dissolving fully always;
(6) material in the step (6) is joined in the fermented product of step (5) generation, mix, the weight ratio of fermented product and additive is 80-100:1;
(7) oven dry, pulverize: above-mentioned material is dried through fluidized-bed, and temperature control is at 80 ℃ below the degree, and water content is controlled in the 10-15% scope, crushing screening, and fineness reaches 60 orders; Send into the cylinder tablets press after crushed with travelling belt then, uperize makes material be heated to 50-60 ℃ in cylinder, moves by not stall of cylinder and makes the material balling-up; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, the input hot-air seasoning cools off, screening, canned one-tenth finished product again.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) raw material of special microorganism fertilizer of the present invention does not contain hazardous substance, and soil is not polluted, to product safety;
(2) bacterial classification that adopts of the present invention not only has effects such as fermented stalk and ight soil, and these microorganism species can continue the bacterial classification coexistence in breeding and the soil in being manured into soil, and has the protection plant, the effect of kill pests;
(3) utilize materials such as stalk that the microorganism species fermentative processing crosses and ight soil to pass through the stage of becoming thoroughly decomposed fully, have become thoroughly decomposed thoroughly, the sufficient characteristics of fermenting, more be conducive to the absorption of spinach;
(4) added materials such as calcium superphosphate, boron mud, potassium fulvate in microbial fertilizer, effectively solved spinach to the demand of phosphorus, calcium, potassium and other nutritive substance, made the Ye Gengda of spinach, output is higher.
Embodiment
Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, thereby so that advantages and features of the invention can be easier to be it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that protection scope of the present invention is made more explicit defining.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of spinach special microorganism fertilizer may further comprise the steps:
(1) fermentation culture of microorganism:
1. bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering are inoculated on the inclined-plane of PDA substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is 6; Culture temperature control is at 20 ℃; Cultivate and make bacteria suspension after 20 hours, more in proportion 2% inoculum size with the bacterial suspension inoculation for preparing in the PDA liquid nutrient medium, (the shaking table revolution is 160 rev/mins) cultivated in concussion, temperature is controlled at 30 ℃, cultivates 48 hours;
2. frankia, fish spore bacterium, Geodermatophilus are being improved on the Camp-BAP substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is about 7, temperature is 20 ℃, cultivated 16 days, ℃ continuation of rising temperature to 30 was cultivated 10 days, 1% inoculum size is inoculated in the improvement Camp-BAP liquid nutrient medium and ferments in proportion again, cultivates 72 hours under 25-30 ℃ of temperature;
(2) processing of crop material:
With maize straw, cotton stalk, soybean stalk spread out airing to moisture content below 10%; Then above-mentioned stalk is cut in cutting machine and smash, the length after the cutting is 1.5cm;
(3) add feces of livestock and poultry and slaughterhouse waste:
Adding weight ratio in the crop material after pulverizing is pig manure, chicken manure, pork slaughterhouse waste, the chicken slaughterhouse waste of 2:3:1:1; The weight ratio of adding above-mentioned substance and stalk is 50: 30, after the interpolation both is mixed;
(4) fermentation: above-mentioned each material that will get ready is put into fermenter, evenly add cultured microorganism species simultaneously, and add brown sugar and water, mixture (maize straw, cotton stalk, soybean stalk, pig manure, chicken manure, pork slaughterhouse waste, chicken slaughterhouse waste): water: microorganism species: the weight ratio of brown sugar is 1000:200:1:2; Throwing is turned in mechanize, with opening material, increase amount of oxygen, cultivate after 1 day, mixture is covered with plastics film, become thoroughly decomposed 3 days time, when finding that temperature surpasses 65 ℃, open film mixture carried out overturning, the timed interval be 1 day once, overturning 3-4 time, and then with the processing of plastics film jack, insert 10 2cm for every square metre
2Sky, suitably strengthen amount of oxygen, temperature is controlled at 45 ℃, when finding that material is loose, does not have the original stink of material, and the ammonia flavor is arranged slightly, fermentation finishes when producing white hypha in the heap, obtains moisture content and be 30% fermented product;
(5) dissolving of additive: be that the ratio of 2:1:3:4 is mixed with calcium superphosphate, boron mud, potassium fulvate, water according to weight ratio, stir, be stirred to dissolving fully always;
(6) material in the step (6) is joined in the fermented product of step (5) generation, mix, the weight ratio of fermented product and additive is 80:1;
(7) oven dry, pulverize: above-mentioned material is dried through fluidized-bed, and temperature control is at 80 ℃ below the degree, and water content is controlled in the 10-15% scope, crushing screening, and fineness reaches 60 orders; Send into the cylinder tablets press after crushed with travelling belt then, uperize makes material be heated to 50 ℃ in cylinder, moves by not stall of cylinder and makes the material balling-up; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, the input hot-air seasoning cools off, screening, canned one-tenth finished product again.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of spinach special microorganism fertilizer may further comprise the steps:
(1) fermentation culture of microorganism:
1. bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering are inoculated on the inclined-plane of PDA substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is 7; Culture temperature control is at 30 ℃; Cultivate and make bacteria suspension after 16 hours, more in proportion 2% inoculum size with the bacterial suspension inoculation for preparing in the PDA liquid nutrient medium, (the shaking table revolution is 160 rev/mins) cultivated in concussion, temperature is controlled at 28 ℃, cultivates 56 hours;
2. frankia, fish spore bacterium, Geodermatophilus are being improved on the Camp-BAP substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is about 7, temperature is 22 ℃, cultivated 14 days, ℃ continuation of rising temperature to 29 was cultivated 12 days, 1% inoculum size is inoculated in the improvement Camp-BAP liquid nutrient medium and ferments in proportion again, cultivates 84 hours under 28 ℃ of temperature;
(2) processing of crop material:
With maize straw, cotton stalk, soybean stalk spread out airing to moisture content below 10%; Then above-mentioned stalk is cut in cutting machine and smash, the length after the cutting is 1.5cm;
(3) add feces of livestock and poultry and slaughterhouse waste:
Adding weight ratio in the crop material after pulverizing is pig manure, chicken manure, pork slaughterhouse waste, the chicken slaughterhouse waste of 2:3:1:1; The weight ratio of adding above-mentioned substance and stalk is 50: 40, after the interpolation both is mixed;
(4) fermentation: above-mentioned each material that will get ready is put into fermenter, evenly add cultured microorganism species simultaneously, and add brown sugar and water, mixture (maize straw, cotton stalk, soybean stalk, pig manure, chicken manure, pork slaughterhouse waste, chicken slaughterhouse waste): water: microorganism species: the weight ratio of brown sugar is 1100:300:1:2; Throwing is turned in mechanize, with opening material, increase amount of oxygen, cultivate after 2 days, mixture is covered with plastics film, become thoroughly decomposed 2 days time, when finding that temperature surpasses 65 ℃, open film mixture carried out overturning, the timed interval be 1 day once, overturning 4 times, and then with the processing of plastics film jack, insert 15 1.5cm for every square metre
2Sky, suitably strengthen amount of oxygen, temperature is controlled at 48 ℃, when finding that material is loose, does not have the original stink of material, and the ammonia flavor is arranged slightly, fermentation finishes when producing white hypha in the heap, obtains moisture content and be 35% fermented product;
(5) dissolving of additive: be that the ratio of 2:1:3:4 is mixed with calcium superphosphate, boron mud, potassium fulvate, water according to weight ratio, stir, be stirred to dissolving fully always;
(6) material in the step (6) is joined in the fermented product of step (5) generation, mix, the weight ratio of fermented product and additive is 90:1;
(7) oven dry, pulverize: above-mentioned material is dried through fluidized-bed, and temperature control is at 80 ℃ below the degree, and water content is controlled in the 10-15% scope, crushing screening, and fineness reaches 60 orders; Send into the cylinder tablets press after crushed with travelling belt then, uperize makes material be heated to 55 ℃ in cylinder, moves by not stall of cylinder and makes the material balling-up; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, the input hot-air seasoning cools off, screening, canned one-tenth finished product again.
Embodiment 3
1, a kind of preparation method of spinach special microorganism fertilizer is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) fermentation culture of microorganism:
1. bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering are inoculated on the inclined-plane of PDA substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is 8; Culture temperature control is at 40 ℃; Cultivate and make bacteria suspension after 12 hours, more in proportion 2% inoculum size with the bacterial suspension inoculation for preparing in the PDA liquid nutrient medium, (the shaking table revolution is 160 rev/mins) cultivated in concussion, temperature is controlled at 30 ℃, cultivates 48 hours;
2. frankia, fish spore bacterium, Geodermatophilus are being improved on the Camp-BAP substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is about 7, temperature is 25 ℃, cultivated 12 days, ℃ continuation of rising temperature to 28 was cultivated 14 days, 1% inoculum size is inoculated in the improvement Camp-BAP liquid nutrient medium and ferments in proportion again, cultivates 72 hours under 30 ℃ of temperature;
(2) processing of crop material:
With maize straw, cotton stalk, soybean stalk spread out airing to moisture content below 10%; Then above-mentioned stalk is cut in cutting machine and smash, the length after the cutting is 2cm;
(3) add feces of livestock and poultry and slaughterhouse waste:
Adding weight ratio in the crop material after pulverizing is pig manure, chicken manure, pork slaughterhouse waste, the chicken slaughterhouse waste of 2:3:1:1; The weight ratio of adding above-mentioned substance and stalk is 50: 50, after the interpolation both is mixed;
(4) fermentation: above-mentioned each material that will get ready is put into fermenter, evenly add cultured microorganism species simultaneously, and add brown sugar and water, mixture (maize straw, cotton stalk, soybean stalk, pig manure, chicken manure, pork slaughterhouse waste, chicken slaughterhouse waste): water: microorganism species: the weight ratio of brown sugar is 1200:400:1:2; Throwing is turned in mechanize, with opening material, increase amount of oxygen, cultivate after 2 days, mixture is covered with plastics film, become thoroughly decomposed 3 days time, when finding that temperature surpasses 65 ℃, open film mixture carried out overturning, the timed interval be 2 days once, overturning 3 times, and then with the processing of plastics film jack, insert 20 1cm for every square metre
2Sky, suitably strengthen amount of oxygen, temperature is controlled at 50 ℃, when finding that material is loose, does not have the original stink of material, and the ammonia flavor is arranged slightly, fermentation finishes when producing white hypha in the heap, obtains moisture content and be 40% fermented product;
(5) dissolving of additive: be that the ratio of 2:1:3:4 is mixed with calcium superphosphate, boron mud, potassium fulvate, water according to weight ratio, stir, be stirred to dissolving fully always;
(6) material in the step (6) is joined in the fermented product of step (5) generation, mix, the weight ratio of fermented product and additive is 100:1;
(7) oven dry, pulverize: above-mentioned material is dried through fluidized-bed, and temperature control is at 80 ℃ below the degree, and water content is controlled in the 10-15% scope, crushing screening, and fineness reaches 60 orders; Send into the cylinder tablets press after crushed with travelling belt then, uperize makes material be heated to 60 ℃ in cylinder, moves by not stall of cylinder and makes the material balling-up; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, the input hot-air seasoning cools off, screening, canned one-tenth finished product again.
The bio-organic fertilizer (contrast) that the microbial fertilizer that embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 are obtained and Guangzhou Nongguan Biotech Co., Ltd. produce is applied to spinach respectively, and spinach is unifiedly to plant outdoor cropping, unified management; The fertilizer amount of embodiment and contrast is identical.Respectively its output, vitamins C, ferro element, nitrate content and contrast are compared, obtain its comparing result.Specifically as table 1:
The microbial fertilizer of table 1 the present invention preparation and contrast fertilizer are relatively
 |
Output increment (%) | Vitamins C increment (%) | Ferro element increment (%) | Nitrate reduction (%) |
| Embodiment 1 | 12 | 10 | 15 | 30 |
| Embodiment 2 | 15 | 12 | 18 | 35 |
| Embodiment 3 | 13 | 9 | 13 | 26 |
The process contrast is found, the microbial fertilizer of the present invention's preparation can make the output of spinach, ascorbic content and ferro element all obtain increasing, and the reduction of the content of nitrate, and the quality of spinach is greatly enhanced.
The above only is embodiments of the invention; be not so limit claim of the present invention; every equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion that utilizes description of the present invention to do; or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner be included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of a spinach special microorganism fertilizer is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) fermentation culture of microorganism:
1. bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering are inoculated on the inclined-plane of PDA substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is at 6-8; Culture temperature control is at 20-40 ℃; Cultivate and make bacteria suspension after 12-20 hour, more in proportion 2% inoculum size with the bacterial suspension inoculation for preparing in the PDA liquid nutrient medium, concussion is cultivated, temperature is controlled at 25-30 ℃, cultivates 48-72 hour;
2. frankia, fish spore bacterium, Geodermatophilus are being improved on the Camp-BAP substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is about 7, temperature is 20-25 ℃, cultivated 12-16 days, the rising temperature continues to cultivate 10-14 days to 28-30 ℃, 1% inoculum size is inoculated in the improvement Camp-BAP liquid nutrient medium and ferments in proportion again, cultivates 72-96 hour under 25-30 ℃ of temperature;
(2) processing of crop material:
With maize straw, cotton stalk, soybean stalk spread out airing to moisture content below 10%; Then above-mentioned stalk is cut in cutting machine and smash, the length after the cutting is 1.5-2cm;
(3) add feces of livestock and poultry and slaughterhouse waste:
Adding weight ratio in the crop material after pulverizing is pig manure, chicken manure, pork slaughterhouse waste, the chicken slaughterhouse waste of 2:3:1:1; The weight ratio of adding above-mentioned substance and stalk is 50: 30-50 after the interpolation mixes both;
(4) fermentation: above-mentioned each material that will get ready is put into fermenter, evenly add cultured microorganism species simultaneously, and add brown sugar and water, mixture (maize straw, cotton stalk, soybean stalk, pig manure, chicken manure, pork slaughterhouse waste, chicken slaughterhouse waste): water: microorganism species: the weight ratio of brown sugar is 1000-1200:200-400:1:2; Throwing is turned in mechanize, with opening material, increase amount of oxygen, cultivate after 1-2 days, mixture is covered with plastics film, became thoroughly decomposed time 2-3 days, when finding that temperature surpasses 65 ℃, open film mixture carried out overturning, the timed interval be 1-2 days once, overturning 3-4 time, and then with the processing of plastics film jack, every square metre of slotting 10-20 1-2cm
2Sky, suitably strengthen amount of oxygen, temperature is controlled at 45-50 ℃, when finding that material is loose, does not have the original stink of material, and the ammonia flavor is arranged slightly, fermentation finishes when producing white hypha in the heap, obtains the fermented product that moisture content is 30-40%;
(5) dissolving of additive: be that the ratio of 2:1:3:4 is mixed with calcium superphosphate, boron mud, potassium fulvate, water according to weight ratio, stir, be stirred to dissolving fully always;
(6) material in the step (6) is joined in the fermented product of step (5) generation, mix, the weight ratio of fermented product and additive is 80-100:1;
(7) oven dry, pulverize: above-mentioned material is dried through fluidized-bed, and temperature control is at 80 ℃ below the degree, and water content is controlled in the 10-15% scope, crushing screening, and fineness reaches 60 orders; Send into the cylinder tablets press after crushed with travelling belt then, uperize makes material be heated to 50-60 ℃ in cylinder, moves by not stall of cylinder and makes the material balling-up; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, the input hot-air seasoning cools off, screening, canned one-tenth finished product again.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105439669A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-03-30 | 安徽省康之源农业科技有限公司 | Fertilizer special for spinach and preparation method thereof |
| CN105439734A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-30 | 李春燕 | Fertilizer special for spinach and preparation method thereof |
| CN111205144A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-05-29 | 杭州迹童精密机械有限公司 | Microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105439706A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-30 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | Efficient fertilizer helpful for raising nitrogen utilization rate of spinach and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105439669A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-03-30 | 安徽省康之源农业科技有限公司 | Fertilizer special for spinach and preparation method thereof |
| CN105439734A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-30 | 李春燕 | Fertilizer special for spinach and preparation method thereof |
| CN111205144A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-05-29 | 杭州迹童精密机械有限公司 | Microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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