CN102860198A - Organic planting method of Xinjiang yam - Google Patents
Organic planting method of Xinjiang yam Download PDFInfo
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- CN102860198A CN102860198A CN2012102980274A CN201210298027A CN102860198A CN 102860198 A CN102860198 A CN 102860198A CN 2012102980274 A CN2012102980274 A CN 2012102980274A CN 201210298027 A CN201210298027 A CN 201210298027A CN 102860198 A CN102860198 A CN 102860198A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural technology and relates to an organic planting method of Xinjiang Yam. The organic planting method of Xinjiang Yam disclosed by the invention solves the technical problems of yam seed treatment, soil preparation and fertilization, sowing, fertilizer and water management, plant management and disease control and prevention, and harvesting. The invention realizes the organic planting of Xinjiang yam, and the yam products planted through the method disclosed by the invention accord with the China national organic food standards.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field.
Background technology
Chinese yam: plant name: Chinese yam, the Latin language formal name used at school: Dioscorea opposita, the Dioscoreaceae plant, the Chinese yam flavor is sweet, property flat, enters lung, spleen, kidney channel; Not dry oiliness, have and strengthening the spleen and tonifying the lung, beneficial stomach kidney tonifying, the benefit of reinforcing the kidney essence, hearing-improing and eyesight improving, help the five internal organs, strengthening the bones and muscles, grow the effect that will is calmed the nerves, promoted longevity.Cure mainly that weakness of the spleen and the stomach, lassitude, poor appetite, chronic diarrhea and dysentery, Lung Qi deficiency are dry, asthma due to excessive phlegm cough, kidney qi loss, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, lower limb impotence are weak, the red illness such as swollen, fat of the frequent micturition of quenching one's thirst, seminal emission premature ejaculation, the lower gonorrhoea of band, skin.
The natural rhizome that is present in Dioscoreaceae plant rhizoma dioscoreae nipponicae, the rhizome of dioscorea zingiberensis wright is in the plants such as rhizome of Foochow Chinese yam.Dioscin extensively is present in the plants such as Dioscoreaceae, Liliaceae, pulse family, and rich content in the Dioscoreaceae plant wherein is such as dioscorea nipponica, Chinese yam, matter leaf Chinese yam etc.It eliminates the phlegm, desensitization, anti-inflammatory, lipopenicillinase, the effect such as antitumor.
Organic farming (Organic farming) refers to not use the materials such as the agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer, growth regulation, feed addictive of chemosynthesis in the animals and plants production process, and genetically engineered biological and product thereof, but follow the course of nature and ecological principle, take the agrotechnique of a series of sustainable developments, coordinate the balance of plant husbandry and aquaculture, keep the continual and steady a kind of mode of agriculture of agricultural ecosystem.
At present, global market for Organic Foods is with average annual 20% to 30% speed increment, estimates will reach 1,000 hundred million dollars in 2010.Meanwhile, the demand of international market centering state organic products is also increasing year by year, and supply falls short of demand in the international market for the converted products such as the agricultural byproducts such as the organic rice of China, vegetables, tealeaves, coarse cereals and camellia oil, walnut oil, honey.2006,3.50 hundred million dollars of Organic Food in China export amounts only accounted for 0.7% of international organic market share.Wide market adds to exceed two or three times price than conventional products, allows the increasing producer go on the road of organic production.
Along with improving constantly of living standard, organic food has been gone on the dining table of more and more families.Compare with traditional food, organic food is planted in free of contamination environment or is cultivated, and does not only use the chemical substances such as agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer, growth regulator, also will just can enter into market through the quality authentication of professional institution, the market demand increases day by day, and prospect is very wide.
The object of the invention is to grasp productive technology management and comprise by selecting planting environment: seed treatment, site preparation and fertilization, sowing, rich water quality management, plant management disease control, results, produce the Chinese yam product that meets national organic food standards.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of Xinjiang Chinese yam organic grow method.Xinjiang of the present invention Chinese yam organic grow method, press routine step and carry out:
A, base environment
Should select away from the zone that pollution is arranged, plantation plot sanitation and hygiene, soil layer deep fertile, subterranean water level is low, irrigation is convenient, venting and water permeable, good water-retaining property, loam or the sandy loam that the soil is porous;
B, production method management
B.1 kind is selected
Select disease-resistant, high-quality, high yield, commodity is good, local flavor is good, is fit to the kind of the market demand;
B.2 cultivation method
B.2.1 seed treatment: on the Production of Large Fields generally with Chinese yam or plant the piece beans and do propagating materials, when doing propagating materials with kind of a piece, the stem tuber that will before plantation, choose more than the horizontal stem 2CM in 20-25 days, cut into the long segment of 10-15CM, then with each section face under the sun airing to wound healing, or in sterilization pulverized limestone (ash), dip in, can sow after drying;
B.2.2 site preparation and fertilization: in the plot of choosing by furrow width 60cm, north-south ditching, ditch depth 80-100cm; Every mu of farmyard manure 3000-5000 kilogram that the ditch spread high-quality is become thoroughly decomposed; The rear backfill that stirs of fertilizer and soil enters ridging, after the ridge is carried out, pours water first, after soil moisture content is suitable, can sow when ground temperature is stabilized in more than 12 ℃, the Hotan Prefecture generally at late March to mid-April;
B.2.3 sowing: just broadcasting the distance that distance between rows and hills can adopt 60 * 30cm, about general every mu of plantation 3700 strains;
B.2.4 rich water quality management: except using sufficient base fertilizer, also should topdress 2-3 time vegetative period, should note not hindering root system when topdressing, chase after the 1st time fertilizer when having gone up semi-frame stem is climing, cooperate the punching of irrigation mu to execute natural pond liquid 80-100kg, the Chinese yam beans apparition chases after fertilizer the 2nd time, and natural pond liquid 80-100kg is executed in the mu punching, spray again natural pond, 1 blade face liquid according to the plant growing way later on, guarantee that Chinese yam does not take off fertilizer, not early ageing; Pour water in conjunction with topdressing, pour water sooner or later carrying out, pour water to irrigate at every turn and be advisable; High temperature season will be noted watering in good time; After planting, between the seeding stage, not note guaranteeing field soil moistening, can suitably control water after emerging;
B.2.5 plant management:
1., after the final singling seedling all sprouts, in conjunction with the in good time final singling of intertillage, stay 1-2 healthy seedling for well with every strain;
2., the built Chinese yam is liane, answers built vegetative period, gets final product built in the time of height of seedling 20-30 centimetre, material can be gathered materials on the spot, mock, bamboo cane all can, be barricaded as man-like shelf; Built is wanted firmly, and is high approximately about 2 meters; Note avoiding prevailing wind direction in the Hotan Prefecture, avoid support to be fallen by wind;
3., training, side shoot more prosperous when plant strain growth occur will pluck a base portion lateral bine when more, reduces nutrient consumption, the increase printing opacity; When bulbil occurs in a large number, also to remove a part, in order to avoid consume too much nutrient, affect tuber growth;
C. disease control: Chinese yam mainly contains brown spot, fusarium wilt, anthracnose, virus disease etc., and above disease will be carried out integrated control;
(1) the strict crop rotation of cultural control, elimination aphid source of infection, Rational Irrigation, applying organic manure;
(2) the yellow plate of physical control lures aphid;
(3) biological control protection natural enemy, aphid utilizes natural enemy control when occuring on a small quantity; Preferentially select biopesticide;
D. gather in the crops: the Chinese yam stem tuber began results when late October, cauline leaf was withered and yellow, gather stopped to water in front about 20 days; Deep-cut along furrow when excavating, guarantee that stem tuber is intact.
Description of drawings (nothing)
Embodiment
Should select away from the zone that pollution is arranged, plantation plot sanitation and hygiene, soil layer deep fertile, subterranean water level is low, irrigation is convenient, venting and water permeable, good water-retaining property, loam or the sandy loam that the soil is porous.
Select disease-resistant, high-quality, high yield, commodity is good, local flavor is good, is fit to the kind of the market demand.
Seed treatment: generally do propagating materials with Chinese yam or kind piece beans on the Production of Large Fields, when doing propagating materials with kind of a piece, the stem tuber that will before plantation, choose more than the horizontal stem 2CM in 20-25 days, cut into the long segment of 10-15CM, then with each section face under the sun airing to wound healing, or in sterilization pulverized limestone (ash), dip in, can sow after drying.
Site preparation and fertilization: in the plot of choosing by furrow width 60cm, north-south ditching, ditch depth 80-100cm.Every mu of farmyard manure 3000-5000 kilogram that the ditch spread high-quality is become thoroughly decomposed.The rear backfill that stirs of fertilizer and soil enters ridging, after the ridge is carried out, pours water first, after soil moisture content is suitable, can sow when ground temperature is stabilized in more than 12 ℃, the Hotan Prefecture generally at late March to mid-April.
Sowing: just broadcasting the distance that distance between rows and hills can adopt 60 * 30cm, about general every mu of plantation 3700 strains.
Rich water quality management: except using sufficient base fertilizer, also should topdress 2-3 time vegetative period, should note not hindering root system when topdressing, chase after the 1st time fertilizer when having gone up semi-frame stem is climing, cooperate the punching of irrigation mu to execute natural pond liquid 80-100kg, the Chinese yam beans apparition chases after fertilizer the 2nd time, and natural pond liquid 80-100kg is executed in the mu punching, spray again natural pond, 1 blade face liquid according to the plant growing way later on, guarantee that Chinese yam does not take off fertilizer, not early ageing.Pour water in conjunction with topdressing, pour water sooner or later carrying out, pour water to irrigate at every turn and be advisable.High temperature season will be noted watering in good time.After planting, between the seeding stage, not note guaranteeing field soil moistening, can suitably control water after emerging.
Plant management: 1., after the final singling seedling all sprouts, in conjunction with intertilling in good time final singling, stay 1-2 healthy seedling for well with every strain.
2., the built Chinese yam is liane, answers built vegetative period, gets final product built in the time of height of seedling 20-30 centimetre, material can be gathered materials on the spot, mock, bamboo cane all can, be barricaded as man-like shelf.Built is wanted firmly, and is high approximately about 2 meters.Note avoiding prevailing wind direction in the Hotan Prefecture, avoid support to be fallen by wind.3., training, side shoot more prosperous when plant strain growth occur will pluck a base portion lateral bine when more, reduces nutrient consumption, the increase printing opacity.When bulbil occurs in a large number, also to remove a part, in order to avoid consume too much nutrient, affect tuber growth.
Disease control: Chinese yam mainly contains brown spot, fusarium wilt, anthracnose, virus disease etc., and above disease will be carried out integrated control.
1. the strict crop rotation of cultural control, elimination aphid source of infection, Rational Irrigation, applying organic manure.2. the yellow plate of physical control lures aphid.
3. natural enemy is protected in biological control, and aphid utilizes natural enemy control when occuring on a small quantity.Preferentially select biopesticide.
Results: the Chinese yam stem tuber began results when late October, cauline leaf was withered and yellow, gather stopped to water in front about 20 days.Deep-cut along furrow when excavating, guarantee that stem tuber is intact.
Claims (1)
1. organic yam planting method in Xinjiang is characterized in that pressing routine step and carries out:
A, base environment
Should select away from the zone that pollution is arranged, plantation plot sanitation and hygiene, soil layer deep fertile, subterranean water level is low, irrigation is convenient, venting and water permeable, good water-retaining property, loam or the sandy loam that the soil is porous;
B, production method management
B.1 kind is selected
B.2 cultivation method
B.2.1 seed treatment: on the Production of Large Fields generally with Chinese yam or plant the piece beans and do propagating materials, when doing propagating materials with kind of a piece, the stem tuber that will before plantation, choose more than the horizontal stem 2CM in 20-25 days, cut into the long segment of 10-15CM, then with each section face under the sun airing to wound healing, or in sterilization pulverized limestone (ash), dip in, can sow after drying;
B.2.2 site preparation and fertilization: in the plot of choosing by furrow width 60cm, north-south ditching, ditch depth 80-100cm; Every mu of farmyard manure 3000-5000 kilogram that the ditch spread high-quality is become thoroughly decomposed; The rear backfill that stirs of fertilizer and soil enters ridging, after the ridge is carried out, pours water first, after soil moisture content is suitable, can sow when ground temperature is stabilized in more than 12 ℃, the Hotan Prefecture generally at late March to mid-April;
B.2.3 sowing: just broadcasting the distance that distance between rows and hills can adopt 60 * 30cm, about general every mu of plantation 3700 strains;
B.2.4 rich water quality management: except using sufficient base fertilizer, also should topdress 2-3 time vegetative period, should note not hindering root system when topdressing, chase after the 1st time fertilizer when having gone up semi-frame stem is climing, cooperate the punching of irrigation mu to execute natural pond liquid 80-100kg, the Chinese yam beans apparition chases after fertilizer the 2nd time, and natural pond liquid 80-100kg is executed in the mu punching, spray again natural pond, 1 blade face liquid according to the plant growing way later on, guarantee that Chinese yam does not take off fertilizer, not early ageing; Pour water in conjunction with topdressing, pour water sooner or later carrying out, pour water to irrigate at every turn and be advisable; High temperature season will be noted watering in good time; After planting, between the seeding stage, not note guaranteeing field soil moistening, can suitably control water after emerging;
B.2.5 plant management:
1., after the final singling seedling all sprouts, in conjunction with the in good time final singling of intertillage, stay 1-2 healthy seedling for well with every strain;
2., the built Chinese yam is liane, answers built vegetative period, gets final product built in the time of height of seedling 20-30 centimetre, material can be gathered materials on the spot, mock, bamboo cane all can, be barricaded as man-like shelf; Built is wanted firmly, and is high approximately about 2 meters; Note avoiding prevailing wind direction in the Hotan Prefecture, avoid support to be fallen by wind;
3., training, side shoot more prosperous when plant strain growth occur will pluck a base portion lateral bine when more, reduces nutrient consumption, the increase printing opacity; When bulbil occurs in a large number, also to remove a part, in order to avoid consume too much nutrient, affect tuber growth;
C. disease control: Chinese yam mainly contains brown spot, fusarium wilt, anthracnose, virus disease etc., and above disease will be carried out integrated control;
(1) the strict crop rotation of cultural control, elimination aphid source of infection, Rational Irrigation, applying organic manure;
(2) the yellow plate of physical control lures aphid;
(3) biological control protection natural enemy, aphid utilizes natural enemy control when occuring on a small quantity; Preferentially select biopesticide;
D. gather in the crops: the Chinese yam stem tuber began results when late October, cauline leaf was withered and yellow, gather stopped to water in front about 20 days; Deep-cut along furrow when excavating, guarantee that stem tuber is intact.
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| CN2012102980274A CN102860198A (en) | 2012-08-21 | 2012-08-21 | Organic planting method of Xinjiang yam |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103210783A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-07-24 | 攀枝花愚公农业开发有限公司 | Dioscorea opposita planting method |
| CN103262731A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-08-28 | 贵州盛禾特色农产品有限公司 | Planting method for Chinese yams |
| CN103766120A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-05-07 | 江西省鑫隆农业发展有限公司 | Stephania tetrandra planting method |
| CN104221669A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-24 | 葛建 | Purple yam seedling raising and cultivating method |
| CN104396524A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-11 | 秦富英 | Cultivation method of dioscorea opposita |
| CN104488495A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-04-08 | 界首市宏丰家庭农场 | Planting method for Chinese yam in Huaibei plain by furrowing |
| CN105340508A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2016-02-24 | 临江市旗舰农业科技有限公司 | Soil preparation method and planting method for Rhizoma Dioscoreae |
| CN106258143A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 邱文娟 | A kind of Rhizoma Dioscoreae field production fertilizing method |
| CN110036853A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-23 | 菏泽学院 | A method of in arid desert soil area, water-fertilizer integral is begun sowing in good time Chinese yam |
| CN110036854A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-23 | 菏泽学院 | A method of cultivation Chinese yam is broadcast in arid desert soil area water-fertilizer integral evening |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103262731A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-08-28 | 贵州盛禾特色农产品有限公司 | Planting method for Chinese yams |
| CN103210783A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-07-24 | 攀枝花愚公农业开发有限公司 | Dioscorea opposita planting method |
| CN103210783B (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2015-03-11 | 攀枝花愚公农业开发有限公司 | Dioscorea opposita planting method |
| CN103766120A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-05-07 | 江西省鑫隆农业发展有限公司 | Stephania tetrandra planting method |
| CN104221669A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-24 | 葛建 | Purple yam seedling raising and cultivating method |
| CN104221669B (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-03-16 | 葛建 | A kind of purple Chinese yam nursery and cultivation method |
| CN104488495A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-04-08 | 界首市宏丰家庭农场 | Planting method for Chinese yam in Huaibei plain by furrowing |
| CN104396524A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-11 | 秦富英 | Cultivation method of dioscorea opposita |
| CN105340508A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2016-02-24 | 临江市旗舰农业科技有限公司 | Soil preparation method and planting method for Rhizoma Dioscoreae |
| CN105340508B (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2018-04-13 | 临江市旗舰农业科技有限公司 | The method of soil preparation and method for planting of a kind of Chinese yam |
| CN106258143A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 邱文娟 | A kind of Rhizoma Dioscoreae field production fertilizing method |
| CN110036853A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-23 | 菏泽学院 | A method of in arid desert soil area, water-fertilizer integral is begun sowing in good time Chinese yam |
| CN110036854A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-23 | 菏泽学院 | A method of cultivation Chinese yam is broadcast in arid desert soil area water-fertilizer integral evening |
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Application publication date: 20130109 |