CN102531781B - Substrate for raising or cultivating vegetable seedling and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Substrate for raising or cultivating vegetable seedling and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102531781B CN102531781B CN2011104563878A CN201110456387A CN102531781B CN 102531781 B CN102531781 B CN 102531781B CN 2011104563878 A CN2011104563878 A CN 2011104563878A CN 201110456387 A CN201110456387 A CN 201110456387A CN 102531781 B CN102531781 B CN 102531781B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a substrate for raising or cultivating vegetable seedlings and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: adding waste sawdust and alcohol residues into plant leftover lime sludge and livestock excrement; performing pretreatment including stack retting, fermenting, air drying and sieving, wherein the substrate comprises the following raw materials in parts by volume: 40-60 parts of sawdust and alcohol residue yeast, 30-50 parts of grass carbon, 0.1-0.6 part of a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer or a urea ordinary superphosphate-diammonium phosphate chemical fertilizer, 9.75-24.45 parts of pearl stone or pelhamite, 5-10 parts of lime sludge and 0.1-0.25 part of an organic matter decomposition agent; and uniformly and fully mixing to obtain a compound substrate special for raising seedlings or cultivating. Compared with the conventional seedling raising substrate, the substrate disclosed by the invention has the advantages of saving in the grass peat resource, reduction in cost, safety, environmental friendliness, no pollution, convenience for taking raw materials, wide source and capabilities of effectively using waste, improving the seedling raising quality and increasing efficiency, and is easy to popularize and apply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural cultivation or cultivation technique field, specifically matrix of a kind of grow seedlings of vegetable or cultivation and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, vegetable seedling substrate commonly used, with raw materials such as the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlites, is aided with different compositions, by different proportionings, forms.The exploitation processing of raw material has caused very large destruction to environment, and the resources such as the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite are non-renewable simultaneously; Vermiculite, perlite are difficult for decomposing in addition, and environment is had to certain pollution, use peat composed of rotten mosses cost higher.The waste materials such as the ight soil of the cassava alcohol slag of the cutting wood chaff after southern wood working, alcohol industry, livestock industry, factory's tankage filter mud also can produce environmental problem simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the peat composed of rotten mosses consumption in substrate formula commonly used and the problem of utilizing that solves the waste materials such as wooden chaff, alcohol slag, ight soil, filter mud, the invention provides matrix of a kind of grow seedlings of vegetable or cultivation and preparation method thereof, the problem of utilizing of the waste materials such as wooden chaff, alcohol slag, ight soil, filter mud can not only be solved, and the raw materials such as peat composed of rotten mosses resource and vermiculite can be saved.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose: the matrix of a kind of grow seedlings of vegetable or cultivation, described matrix is pressed the raw material of following volume proportion: wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product 40-60, peat composed of rotten mosses 30-50, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer or urea calcium superphosphate, diammonium phosphate chemical fertilizer 0.1-0.6, perlite or vermiculite 9.75-24.45, filter mud 5-10, organic matter decomposing inoculant 0.1-0.25.
Described matrix is pressed the raw material of following volume proportion: wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product 40-60, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer or urea calcium superphosphate, the fertile 0.25-0.55 of di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate ammonification, perlite or vermiculite 9.75, filter mud 5-10.
Described matrix is pressed the raw material of following volume proportion: wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product 40-60, the peat composed of rotten mosses 30, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer or urea calcium superphosphate, the fertile 0.2-0.5 of di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate ammonification, perlite or vermiculite 10.5.
The preparation method of described grow seedlings of vegetable or cultivation matrix, comprise the steps:
1) wooden chaff, the fermentation of alcohol slag:
A. by the raw material of following volume proportion: the wooden chaff of 0.75-1.5:1, alcohol slag are mixed, and adding water, to make its water content be 40-60%;
B. add 15-35kg/m to said mixture
3The filter mud of excrement of animals and 5-10, add is the organic matter decomposing inoculant of 0.1-0.25% by volume again, heap fermentation, when the stores core temperature rises to 50-70 ℃, keep 20-30 days, every 4-5 days turning during this time once, water content is down to below 30%, and material limbers up, the color browning, ferment complete, made wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product;
2) by above-mentioned wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product, the peat composed of rotten mosses, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer or urea calcium superphosphate, phosphoric acid diamino and perlite, vermiculite are pressed the certain volume proportioning more than at least one, it is 5.5-7.0 that seedling medium is adjusted the pH value, and it is 5.5-7.5 that cultivation matrix is adjusted the pH value.
Described organic matter decomposing inoculant refers to the thing that becomes thoroughly decomposed after fermenting through the VT bacterium with wooden chaff, alcohol slag, does not re-use the VT microbial inoculum in fermentation afterwards, but wooden chaff, the alcohol slag of usining after fermenting become thoroughly decomposed, thing is originated as the fermentation starting microbial inoculum.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. adding a small amount of excrement of animals with wooden chaff, alcohol slag is fermented with organic matter decomposing inoculant again, become thoroughly decomposed after and the peat composed of rotten mosses, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer or urea calcium superphosphate, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate ammonification fertilizer is mixed into seedling medium according to a certain percentage, seedling grows up good, not only solve life waste material, also reduce the consumption of the Nonrenewable resources peats composed of rotten mosses, reduced cost;
2. utilize wooden chaff, the alcohol slag fermented product main raw material as seedling medium, raw material sources are extensive.
3. matrix composition technique is simple, easy to operate, suitable applies.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The matrix of a kind of grow seedlings of vegetable or cultivation, by the raw material of following volume proportion: wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product 55, the peat composed of rotten mosses 35, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer 0.5, perlite 9.5.
The preparation method of the matrix of this grow seedlings of vegetable or cultivation:
1) wooden chaff, the fermentation of alcohol slag:
A. the ratio that is by volume 0.75-1.5:1 is mixed wooden chaff, alcohol slag, and adding water, to make its water content be 40-60;
B. add 15-35kg/m to said mixture
3Chicken manure and the filter mud of 5-10, the organic matter decomposing inoculant that adds again 0.1-0.25, heap fermentation ，Dang center temperature rises to 50-70 ℃, keeps 20-30 days, every 4-5 days turning during this time once, water content is down to below 30%, and material limbers up, the color browning, ferment complete, made wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product;
2) by above-mentioned wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product, the peat composed of rotten mosses, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer or urea calcium superphosphate, more than one press the certain volume proportioning the fertile and perlite of di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate ammonification, vermiculite, it is 5.5-7.0 that seedling medium is adjusted the pH value, and it is 5.5-7.5 that cultivation matrix is adjusted the pH value.
Embodiment 2
The matrix of a kind of grow seedlings of vegetable or cultivation, by the raw material of following volume proportion: wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product 90, perlite 9.5, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer or urea calcium superphosphate, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate ammonification fertilizer 0.5.Its preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
The matrix of a kind of grow seedlings of vegetable or cultivation, by the raw material of following volume proportion: wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product 60, the peat composed of rotten mosses 29.5, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer or urea calcium superphosphate, the fertile 0.2-0.5 of di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate ammonification, perlite 10.Its preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
The matrix of a kind of grow seedlings of vegetable or cultivation, by the raw material of following volume proportion: wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product 70, the peat composed of rotten mosses 20, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer 0.5, perlite 9.5.Its preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
The matrix of a kind of grow seedlings of vegetable or cultivation, by the raw material of following volume proportion: wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product 90, the peat composed of rotten mosses 5, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer 4, vermiculite 1.Its preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6
The matrix of a kind of grow seedlings of vegetable or cultivation, by the raw material of following volume proportion: wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product 80, the peat composed of rotten mosses 6, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer 4, vermiculite 10.Its preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 7
The matrix of a kind of grow seedlings of vegetable or cultivation, by the raw material of following volume proportion: wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product 70, the peat composed of rotten mosses 3, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer 7, perlite 13 and vermiculite 7, its preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 8
The matrix of a kind of grow seedlings of vegetable or cultivation, by the raw material of following volume proportion: wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product 80, the peat composed of rotten mosses 8, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer 2, perlite 5 and vermiculite 5, its preparation method is with embodiment 1.
The effect comparison of table 1 seedling medium of the present invention and peat composed of rotten mosses seedling medium
| ? | Peat composed of rotten mosses seedling medium | Seedling medium of the present invention | With the good and bad comparative analysis of peat composed of rotten mosses seedling medium |
| Main raw material proportioning (volume ratio) | The peat composed of rotten mosses: perlite: vermiculite=3:1:1 | Fermented product: the peat composed of rotten mosses: vermiculite=5:2:2 | Save mineral wealth 40% |
| The pH value | 5.5 | 6.5 | Approach neutrality, be more suitable for growing seedlings |
| Total porosity | 80% | 91% | Permeability significantly improves |
| Unit weight (g/cm 3） | 0.27 | 0.30 | Retentiveness improves |
| Seedling-growing time (my god) | 6 | 8.5 | Emerge 1～2 day evening relatively |
| Shoot survival percent | 93.1% | 96.3% | Surviving rate improves |
Claims (1)
1. the matrix of a grow seedlings of vegetable or cultivation, it is characterized in that: described matrix is pressed the raw material of following volume proportion: wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product 40-60, the peat composed of rotten mosses 30, the mixture 0.2-0.5 of n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer or urea, calcium superphosphate and diammonium phosphate, perlite or vermiculite 10.5
The preparation method of described grow seedlings of vegetable or cultivation matrix, comprise the steps:
1) wooden chaff, the fermentation of alcohol slag:
A. by the raw material of following volume proportion: the wooden chaff of 0.75-1.5:1, alcohol slag are mixed, and adding water, to make its water content be 40-60%;
B. add 15-35kg/m to said mixture
3The filter mud of excrement of animals and 5-10, add is the organic matter decomposing inoculant of 0.1-0.25% by volume again, heap fermentation, when the stores core temperature rises to 50-70 ℃, keep 20-30 days, every 4-5 days turning during this time once, water content is down to below 30%, and material limbers up, the color browning, ferment complete, made wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product;
2) by above-mentioned wooden chaff, alcohol slag fermented product, the peat composed of rotten mosses, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer or urea, calcium superphosphate, the mixture of diammonium phosphate and perlite and/or vermiculite are pressed the certain volume proportioning, it is 5.5-7.0 that seedling medium is adjusted the pH value, and it is 5.5-7.5 that cultivation matrix is adjusted the pH value
Described organic matter decomposing inoculant is through the thing that becomes thoroughly decomposed after the fermentation of VT bacterium with wooden chaff, alcohol slag.
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| CN102531781B true CN102531781B (en) | 2013-12-04 |
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| CN104926428A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-09-23 | 张建基 | Special organic cultivation substrate for epipremnum aureum and preparation method therefor |
| CN106242684A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-12-21 | 河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所 | Vegetable seedling substrate and preparation thereof and application |
| CN106977244A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-07-25 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of vegetable seedling substrate |
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| CN102838415B (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2013-10-09 | 山东商道生物科技有限公司 | Medium for seedling raising and cultivation and preparation method of medium |
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| CN104926428A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-09-23 | 张建基 | Special organic cultivation substrate for epipremnum aureum and preparation method therefor |
| CN104926428B (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2018-02-16 | 张建基 | A kind of special organic culture substrate of epipremnum aureum and preparation method thereof |
| CN106242684A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-12-21 | 河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所 | Vegetable seedling substrate and preparation thereof and application |
| CN106242684B (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2019-11-08 | 河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所 | Vegetable seedling substrate and its preparation and application |
| CN106977244A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-07-25 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of vegetable seedling substrate |
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