CN102296562A - Step reservoir joint flood scheduling optimization method coupling flood protection with power generation - Google Patents

Step reservoir joint flood scheduling optimization method coupling flood protection with power generation Download PDF

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CN102296562A
CN102296562A CN2010102118809A CN201010211880A CN102296562A CN 102296562 A CN102296562 A CN 102296562A CN 2010102118809 A CN2010102118809 A CN 2010102118809A CN 201010211880 A CN201010211880 A CN 201010211880A CN 102296562 A CN102296562 A CN 102296562A
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flood
reservoir
scheduling
model
period
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张磊
周坚
王强
陆建宇
程春田
王泽环
真珍
武新宇
李建兵
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Shanghai East China Dianji Energy Technology Co Ltd
Shanghai East China Dianji Industrial Co ltd
Dalian University of Technology
East China Grid Co Ltd
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Shanghai East China Dianji Energy Technology Co Ltd
Shanghai East China Dianji Industrial Co ltd
Dalian University of Technology
East China Grid Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a step reservoir joint flood scheduling optimization method coupling flood protection with power generation, which can coordinate flood protection and power generation targets in flood scheduling, adopt corresponding models for flood in different standards, perform power generation pre-discharge and gate-closing peak-staggering in appropriate time and reduce useless abandoned water in flood seasons so as to realize flood protection and power generation benefits of a step reservoir to the maximum extent. The technical scheme of the method comprises the following steps: judging the flood level according to water regime meteorological information and flood prediction results, and when the average incoming flow rate during the flood period is more than the full flow rate of a power plant, judging the flood to be a big flood, otherwise, judging the flood to be a small flood; performing optimized scheduling of different control targets through the different models according to the different levels; and getting a plurality of different flood scheduling schemes under the conditions of different flow rates, constraint settings and control targets to form a flood scheduling scheme set corresponding to the flood as a basis for making a decision, and repeatedly performing simulation flood scheduling calculation under various incoming conditions if the incoming flow rate needs to be modified in the flood scheduling scheme set.

Description

Flood control is united the flood method for optimizing scheduling with the step reservoir that generating is coupled
Technical field
The present invention relates to the flood method for optimizing scheduling, relate in particular to flood control and unite the flood method for optimizing scheduling with the step reservoir that generating is coupled.
Background technology
The scheduling of step reservoir associating flood more and more is subjected to people and payes attention to.Present optimization method about the scheduling of step reservoir associating flood is many to be research object with the great flood, mainly is at the flood control efficiency problem.Reservoir relates to flood control problem aspect generating two in fact in the scheduling of flood period, should take all factors into consideration flood characteristics, engineering is held and let out control ability and actual flood control requirement, the contradiction of science processing flood control and generating, economic benefit and flood control safety.Lack in the scheduling of current step reservoir associating flood and flood control can be coordinated mutually with the generating target, give full play to the power station ability of regulating and storing, cut down the downstream flood peak, reduce flood loss, issue additional the model and method of water power in flood season.
Summary of the invention
The step reservoir associating flood method for optimizing scheduling that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of flood control and generating to be coupled, can in the flood scheduling, coordinate flood control and generating target, at the various criterion flood, adopt corresponding model, generating is in good time let out in advance with barrier gate and is avoided the peak hour, reduce the unhelpful water of abandoning in flood season, to realize step reservoir flood control, power benefit to greatest extent.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the present invention has disclosed a kind of flood control and the step reservoir associating flood method for optimizing scheduling that generating is coupled, and comprising:
Judge flood size rank according to real-time regimen weather information and flood forecasting result, when flood period average reservoir inflow is completely sent out flow greater than the power station, then be judged as great flood, otherwise then be judged as little flood;
Carry out the optimization scheduling of different control targets by different models according to other difference of level;
Be provided with and control under the target in each different flow, constraint, obtain a plurality of different accent flood schemes, constitute the accent flood scheme collection of a corresponding flood, as decision basis, if concentrate and need make amendment to reservoir inflow in the big vast scheme of accent, the emulation of then carrying out repeatedly under the multiple warehouse-in condition transfers flood to calculate.
Unite an embodiment of flood method for optimizing scheduling according to the step reservoir that flood control of the present invention and generating are coupled, this method also comprises:
Concentrate each man-machine interactively of transferring big vast scheme to revise by exchanging big vast scheme, obtain transferring big vast prediction scheme.
Unite an embodiment of flood method for optimizing scheduling according to the step reservoir that flood control of the present invention and generating are coupled, further comprising by the step that different models carries out the optimization scheduling of different control targets according to other difference of level: when flood size rank is little flood, adopt first model and four-model, to generate electricity as the major control target; When flood size rank is great flood, adopt second model, the 3rd model and four-model, to control flood as the major control target.
Unite an embodiment of flood method for optimizing scheduling according to the step reservoir that flood control of the present invention and generating are coupled, first model is the maximum model of peak regulation electric weight: flood into reservoir process, the initial water level of reservoir and control end of term reservoir level in the given schedule periods, considering under the various constraintss, determine the scheduling process of each reservoir, make the step peak regulation maximum of exerting oneself, its corresponding object function is: C in the formula tSystem's average load of representing the t period, u is the variable of object function, P I, tRepresent exerting oneself of i power station t period.
Unite an embodiment of flood method for optimizing scheduling according to the step reservoir that flood control of the present invention and generating are coupled, second model is maximum peak clipping criterion model: flood into reservoir process, reservoir play the water transfer position in the given schedule periods, considering under the various constraintss, determine the flood scheduling process of each reservoir, make between the letdown flow of reservoir and catchment and maximum value reach minimum, its corresponding object function is:
Figure BSA00000191455500022
Δ Q in the formula I+1, tBe the interval flow between t period reservoir i and reservoir (i+1), l is the quantity of step reservoir, q I, tBe the letdown flow after reservoir i regulates and stores, f is the variable of object function.
Unite an embodiment of flood method for optimizing scheduling according to the step reservoir that flood control of the present invention and generating are coupled, the 3rd model is last water level control model: flood into reservoir process, reservoir play the water transfer position in the given schedule periods, considering under the various constraintss, determine the flood scheduling process of each reservoir, make reservoir under last water level control prerequisite, maximum discharge minimum down, its corresponding object function is min f = Σ t = 1 T Σ i = 1 l ( q i , t + ΔQ i + 1 , t ) 2 Z i , t ≅ Z i C , Z in the formula I, TFor reservoir i transfers flood end of term water level,
Figure BSA00000191455500025
For reservoir i transfers flood end of term control water level, l is the quantity of step reservoir, q I, tBe the letdown flow after reservoir i regulates and stores, f represents the variable of object function.
Unite an embodiment of flood method for optimizing scheduling according to the step reservoir that flood control of the present invention and generating are coupled, four-model is the man-machine interaction scheduling model, be divided into and reservoir earial drainage mode manually be set and simulate step accent flood automatically, and provide two kinds of type of interaction: constant and fixed equipment, wherein constant has four kinds of earial drainage modes: how much let out what, self-defined, full sending out and maximum discharge; Fixed equipment has two kinds of earial drainage modes: unit opens and closes and the flood discharge opening of device, hop count when all can self-defined accent big vast with upper type.
Unite an embodiment of flood method for optimizing scheduling according to the step reservoir that flood control of the present invention and generating are coupled, the constraint condition set of first model, second model, the 3rd model and four-model correspondence is combined into:
(a) water balance constraint:
V i，t＝V i，t-1+(I i，t-q i，t)·Δt
In the formula: I I, tBeing the reservoir inflow of reservoir i in the t period, is that interval flood and upstream outbound are through the flow sum of river course calculation in the t period, q I, tBe the letdown flow after reservoir i regulates and stores, V I, tBe reservoir i in the water retention capacity of t period, V I, t-1Be reservoir i in the water retention capacity of t-1 period, segment length when Δ t is unit;
(b) storage capacity constraint
V i，t≤VM i
In the formula: VM iMaximum during for generation different frequency flood allows water retention capacity or allows reservoir level;
(c) control end of term water level limitation
Z i , T ≤ Z i C
(d) generating set is crossed flow restriction
q i , t min < q i , t power < q i , t max
In the formula:
Figure BSA00000191455500033
Be the minimum discharge requirement of reservoir i in the t period;
Figure BSA00000191455500034
For reservoir i the generating of t period quote flow,
Figure BSA00000191455500035
Be the serious offense machine flow of reservoir i in the t period;
(e) output of power station constraint
N i , t min < N ( Z i , t , q i , t power ) < N i , t max
In the formula: N is power station i the exerting oneself of t period, and is water level Z I, tQuote flow with generating
Figure BSA00000191455500037
Function;
Figure BSA00000191455500038
For exerting oneself in the minimum of t period, limits and the maximum output restriction power station i;
(f) reservoir level constraint
Figure BSA00000191455500039
Wherein
Figure BSA000001914555000310
With
Figure BSA000001914555000311
The water level lower limit and the upper limit of representing the i power station t period respectively;
(g) downstream flood control requirement
q i，t≤q i，k
In the formula: q I, kExpression reservoir i different stage flood control control vent flow, k represents the rank of controlling flood;
(h) flash ability constraint
q i，t≤q i(V i，t，Ω)
In the formula: g i(V I, t, Ω) expression reservoir spillway flow is the function that reservoir water and gate equipment open and close regular Ω;
(i) reservoir spillway stationarity constraint
|q i，t-q i，t-1|≤ε
In the formula: ε is that reservoir i letdown flow changes restriction;
(j) river water evolution constraint meets the Maas capital root equation that confluxes,
q n，t＝C 0(n)q n-1，t+C 1(n)q n-1，t-1+C 2(n)q n，t-1
In the formula: C 0(n), C 1(n), C 2(n) be respectively the Maas capital root flow routing coefficient of n section, q N-1, t, q N-1, t-1Be the t moment, (t-1) moment n section inbound traffics, q N, t, q N, t-1Be the t moment, (t-1) moment n outflow from reach.
Unite an embodiment of flood method for optimizing scheduling according to the step reservoir that flood control of the present invention and generating are coupled, step reservoir is united in the flood optimization scheduling by transferring big vast numerical solution to find the solution.
Unite an embodiment of flood method for optimizing scheduling according to the step reservoir that flood control of the present invention and generating are coupled, step reservoir associating flood optimization scheduling is found the solution by dynamic programming algorithm.
The present invention contrasts prior art following beneficial effect: the present invention has guaranteed following four principles by calling different models:
(1) power benefit maximal criterion: make plant generator income maximum under the situation that flood control requires all to satisfy;
(2) peak clipping criterion: promptly peak flood flow obtains the reduction of big as far as possible degree;
(3) minimum is caused disaster and lasted criterion: it is short more good more that flood control control section flow lasts above safety discharge;
(4) maximum flood control safety guarantees criterion: satisfy under the condition of downstream flood control control discharge and let out under many as far as possible, to reserve storage capacity.
Description of drawings
The flow chart of the embodiment of Fig. 1 step reservoir associating flood method for optimizing scheduling that to be flood control of the present invention be coupled with generating.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 shows the flow process of the embodiment of the step reservoir associating flood method for optimizing scheduling that flood control of the present invention and generating be coupled.Seeing also Fig. 1, is the embodiment to the step reservoir associating flood method for optimizing scheduling of present embodiment below.
At first,, judge flood size rank, wherein when flood period average reservoir inflow is completely sent out flow greater than the power station, then be judged as great flood, otherwise then be judged as little flood according to real-time regimen weather information and flood forecasting result; Carry out the optimizations scheduling of different control targets then with different model (corresponding different constraintss and method for solving) according to other different mining of level: when little flood based on the target of generating electricity, adopt first model and four-model, when great flood,, adopt second model, the 3rd model and four-model based on the flood control target; Be provided with and control under the target in each different flow, constraint then, obtain a plurality of different accent flood schemes, constitute the accent flood scheme collection of a corresponding flood, as decision basis.In forming the process of transferring big vast scheme, judge whether and to make amendment to reservoir inflow that the emulation of then carrying out repeatedly if desired under the multiple warehouse-in condition transfers flood to calculate.What flood calculating was transferred in emulation is the existing technology in this area, but its implication may be different under the varying environment, here main meaning is the problem at reservoir inflow forecast precision deficiency, manually carry out the hypothesis of reservoir inflow process by software systems, modification with the flood control scheduling scheme, to form many cover flood control scheduling prediction schemes, for decision-making provides foundation.At last, concentrate each man-machine interactively of transferring big vast scheme to revise, obtain transferring big vast prediction scheme by exchanging big vast scheme.
Step reservoir associating flood is optimized scheduling model and will be launched explanation in the following description.
The uncertainty of flood is in the change target and the corresponding scheduling mode of flood control by reservoir regulation optimization scheduling.Therefore, need the information such as frequency, flood peak and magnanimity of flood according to weather report, adjust scheduling mode in good time.When the satisfied flood control of the less energy of flood requires, take model based on power benefit; When water is abandoned in the bigger generation flood discharge of flood, be scheduling to the master with flood control, take flow or water level control principle model.
Suppose to have l step reservoir to increase the preface mark from the upstream to the downstream with i, the segment length is Δ t during unit, with peb process be divided into T period (t=1,2 ... T).q I, tBe the letdown flow after regulating and storing through reservoir i; V I, tBe the water retention capacity of reservoir i, set up as drag in the t period.
The maximum model of first model-peak regulation electric weight
The problem description young flood improves step water yield utilization rate, reduces and abandons the water yield, the additional issue electric weight.For this reason, the maximum model of peak regulation electric weight in flood season is proposed: flood into reservoir process, the initial water level of reservoir and control end of term reservoir level in the given schedule periods, considering to determine the scheduling process of each reservoir under the various constraintss, make the step peak regulation maximum of exerting oneself.
Object function Minu = Max t = l T ( C t - &Sigma; i = l l P i , t )
In the formula: C tSystem's average load of representing the t period.
Second model-maximum peak clipping criterion model
The problem description flood peak phase, reservoir level is higher, and pressure of flood is big between the catchment, should bring into play the step ability of regulating and storing, and cuts down the downstream flood peak, satisfies downstream flood control requirement as far as possible.Problem description is: flood into reservoir process, reservoir play the water transfer position in the given schedule periods, are considering to determine the flood scheduling process of each reservoir under the various constraintss, make between the letdown flow of reservoir and catchment and maximum value reach minimum.
Object function min f = &Sigma; t = 1 T &Sigma; i = 1 l ( q i , t + &Delta; Q i + 1 , t ) 2
In the formula: Δ Q I+1, t is the interval flow between t period reservoir i and reservoir (i+1).
The 3rd model-Mo water level control model
The problem description flood is in the stage of rising, and when follow-up rainfall is difficult to determine, guarantees the water level control that reservoir is suitable.Problem description is: flood into reservoir process, reservoir play the water transfer position in the given schedule periods, are considering to determine the flood scheduling process of each reservoir under the various constraintss, make reservoir under last water level control prerequisite, maximum discharge minimum down.This model is applied to the relatively more nervous situation of reservoir self-protection form usually.
Object function min f = &Sigma; t = 1 T &Sigma; i = 1 l ( q i , t + &Delta; Q i + 1 , t ) 2
Z i , T &cong; Z i C
In the formula: Z I, TFor reservoir i transfers flood end of term water level,
Figure BSA00000191455500065
For reservoir i transfers flood end of term control water level.
The four-model-man-machine interaction scheduling model
Reservoir earial drainage mode manually is set, simulates step automatically and transfer flood.Provide two kinds of type of interaction: constant and fixed equipment.Wherein constant has four kinds of earial drainage modes: how much let out what, self-defined, full sending out and maximum discharge; Fixed equipment has two kinds of earial drainage modes: unit opens and closes and flood discharge opening of device (number and aperture).With upper type all can be self-defined hop count during the accent flood.This purpose of model is mainly the dispatcher interactive means flexibly is provided, and conveniently generates electricity and lets out in advance, closes the lock retaining behind the peak in advance, obtains reservoir operating condition by simulating different earial drainage modes.
The constraints set of above-mentioned four model correspondences is:
The constraints set
(a) water balance constraint:
V i，t＝V i，t-1+(I i，t-q i，t)·Δt
In the formula: I I, tBeing the reservoir inflow of reservoir i in the t period, is that interval flood and upstream outbound are through the flow sum of river course calculation in the t period; Flood period, reservoir evaporation, leakage loss can be ignored.
(b) storage capacity constraint
V I, t≤ VM i, in the formula: VM iMaximum during for generation different frequency flood allows water retention capacity (or allowing reservoir level).
(c) control end of term water level limitation
Z i , T &le; Z i C
(d) generating set is crossed flow restriction
q i , t min < q i , t power < q i , t max
In the formula: Be the minimum discharge requirement of reservoir i in the t period;
Figure BSA00000191455500074
For reservoir i the generating of t period quote flow,
Figure BSA00000191455500075
Be the serious offense machine flow of reservoir i in the t period.
(e) output of power station constraint
N i , t min < N ( Z i , t , q i , t power ) < N i , t max
In the formula: N is power station i the exerting oneself of t period, and is water level Z I, tQuote flow with generating Function;
Figure BSA00000191455500078
For exerting oneself in the minimum of t period, limits and the maximum output restriction power station i.
(f) reservoir level constraint
Z i , t min < Z i , t < Z i , t max
(g) downstream flood control requirement
q i，t≤q i，k
In the formula: q I, kExpression reservoir i different stage flood control control vent flow (k=1,2 ...).
(h) flash ability constraint
q i，t≤q i(V i，t，Ω)
In the formula: q i(V I, t, Ω) expression reservoir spillway flow is the function that reservoir water and gate equipment open and close regular Ω.
(i) reservoir spillway stationarity constraint
|q i，t-g i，t-1|≤ε
In the formula: ε is that reservoir i letdown flow changes restriction.
(j) river water evolution constraint (meet Maas capital root conflux equation)
q n，t＝C 0(n)q n-1，t+C 1(n)q n-1，t-1+C 2(n)q n，t-1
In the formula: C 0(n), C 1(n), C 2(n) be respectively the Maas capital root flow routing coefficient of n section, q N-1, t, q N-1, t-1Be the t moment, (t-1) moment n section inbound traffics, q N, t, q N, t-1Be the t moment, (t-1) moment n outflow from reach.
Above-mentioned (d), (e) constraints are to work in the scheduling model of leading in generating only.The reservoir letdown flow comprises that generating quotes flow and abandon discharge, greater than the generating set conveyance capacity for abandoning water.At the various criterion flood, when generating transformed with the flood control target, unit period yardstick also need transform in the model.
And gather at object function, the constraints of above-mentioned model, model correspondence, step reservoir associating flood optimization scheduling method for solving is as follows.
It is nonlinear optimal problem under the complicated constraints that step reservoir is united flood control optimization scheduling, and different with the scheduling of single storehouse, along with the increase of system scale, constraints increases, non-linearization is serious, and it is increasing to make mathematical modeling find the solution difficulty.Though tradition is optimized algorithm its limitation is arranged, stronger theoretical foundation and a large amount of practice tests of process are arranged.Therefore, based on the parts of traditional algorithm, in conjunction with the actual algorithm of seeking to take into account efficient and finding the solution quality.
(1) transfers big vast numerical solution
The quadravalence Runge-Kutta numerical solution of transferring big vast numerical solution to adopt professor Chen Shouyu of Dalian University of Technology to propose, promptly when the letdown flow of reservoir changes along with the variation of reservoir level, average reservoir inflow, the reservoir level at the beginning of the period and outbound flow in the known period are found the solution reservoir period Mo reservoir level and outbound flow.This algorithm need not mapping and tentative calculation, is convenient to computer and finds the solution, and the efficient height is applicable to that the accent flood under the complex situations such as many earial drainages equipment, change earial drainage mode, change calculation interval calculates.
If the supposition reservoir level is a Horizontal Take Off And Landing, the reservoir essence of regulating and storing and calculating then is to the finding the solution of differential equation, that is:
dV(Z)/dt＝Q(t)-S(Z)
In the formula: Q (t)-t is reservoir inflow constantly;
S (Z)-when reservoir level is Z is by the vent flow of outlet structure escape works;
Z=Z (t) is the water level of t during the moment, is the function of time t;
The storage capacity of V (Z)-when reservoir level is Z.
If the warehouse-in of the forecast in known t period average discharge Q t, the water level Z at the beginning of the t period T-1With storage capacity V T-1, the vent flow S (Z at the beginning of the period T-1), the opening of earial drainage equipment is then used Runge-Kutta method and is found the solution the codifferential equation, can try to achieve the t storage capacity V of period end t, that is:
V t = V t - 1 + 1 6 [ k 1 + 2 ( k 2 + k 3 ) + k 4 ]
In the formula: k 1=h t[Q t-S (Z (V T-1))]
k 2＝h t[Q t-S(Z(V t-1+k 1/2))]
k 3＝h t[Q t-S(Z(V t-1+k 2/2))]
k 4＝h t[Q t-S(Z(V t-1+k 3))]
Wherein: Z (V t)-on reservoir level-storage capacity relation curve, try to achieve with two point interpolation methods by storage capacity;
S (Z t)-on water level-vent flow relation curve, try to achieve with two point interpolation methods by reservoir level;
h tThe time segment length of-t period; T=1,2 ... T-T hop count when transferring total that flood calculates.
Try to achieve V tAfter, can on reservoir level-storage capacity relation curve, check in Z tThereby, try to achieve reservoir level, storage capacity and vent flow process over time.
(2) dynamic programming algorithm
Step reservoir is united flood control optimization scheduling problem and can be regarded as with relevant multistage decision process of time, dynamic programming (Dynamic Programming, DP), be the method that is most widely used in the multi-reservoir optimization scheduling as the classic algorithm of this type of problem of solution.
The stage variable: according to the period Δ t of unit, with peb process be divided into T period (t=1,2 ... T), period t is the stage variable;
State variable: with pondage at the beginning of the period (water level) Z T-1Be state variable, be designated as S (t);
Decision variable: with the average discharge q of period reservoir I, tBe decision variable, be designated as D (t).
Object function: at above-mentioned model-2 and model-3, object function is transformed to
Figure BSA00000191455500092
In the formula: Δ Q I+1, tInterval flood discharge for reservoir i+1; q I, kBe reservoir different stage flood control control vent flow; β 1(t), β 2(t) be penalty coefficient, determine by tentative calculation.
Order recursion accounting equation:
F [ S ( t + 1 ) ] * = min { EF * [ S ( t + 1 ) , D ( t ) ] + F [ S ( t ) ] * F [ S ( 1 ) ] * = 0 t＝1，2，...，T
In the formula:
Figure BSA00000191455500094
For from transferring flood to begin to the minimum target value of state S (t+1) subprocess;
Figure BSA00000191455500095
For from transferring flood to begin to the minimum target value of state S (t) subprocess: EF *[S (t+1) expression system makes the phase targets value that D (t) decision-making is produced under state S (t+1).
The foregoing description provides to those of ordinary skills and realizes or use of the present invention; those of ordinary skills can be under the situation that does not break away from invention thought of the present invention; the foregoing description is made various modifications or variation; thereby protection scope of the present invention do not limit by the foregoing description, and should be the maximum magnitude that meets the inventive features that claims mention.

Claims (10)

1. a flood control is united the flood method for optimizing scheduling with the step reservoir that generating is coupled, and comprising:
Judge flood size rank according to real-time regimen weather information and flood forecasting result, when flood period average reservoir inflow is completely sent out flow greater than the power station, then be judged as great flood, otherwise then be judged as little flood;
Carry out the optimization scheduling of different control targets by different models according to other difference of level;
Be provided with and control under the target in each different flow, constraint, obtain a plurality of different accent flood schemes, constitute the accent flood scheme collection of a corresponding flood, as decision basis, if concentrate and need make amendment to reservoir inflow in the big vast scheme of accent, the emulation of then carrying out repeatedly under the multiple warehouse-in condition transfers flood to calculate.
2. flood control according to claim 1 and the step reservoir associating flood method for optimizing scheduling that generating is coupled is characterized in that this method also comprises:
Concentrate each man-machine interactively of transferring big vast scheme to revise by exchanging big vast scheme, obtain transferring big vast prediction scheme.
3. flood control according to claim 1 is united the flood method for optimizing scheduling with the step reservoir that generating is coupled, it is characterized in that, further comprising by the step that different models carries out the optimization scheduling of different control targets according to other difference of level: when flood size rank is little flood, adopt first model and four-model, to generate electricity as the major control target; When flood size rank is great flood, adopt second model, the 3rd model and four-model, to control flood as the major control target.
4. flood control according to claim 3 is united the flood method for optimizing scheduling with the step reservoir that generating is coupled, it is characterized in that, first model is the maximum model of peak regulation electric weight: flood into reservoir process, the initial water level of reservoir and control end of term reservoir level in the given schedule periods, considering under the various constraintss, determine the scheduling process of each reservoir, make the step peak regulation maximum of exerting oneself, its corresponding object function is:
Figure FSA00000191455400011
C in the formula tSystem's average load of representing the t period, u is the variable of object function, P I, tRepresent exerting oneself of i power station t period.
5. flood control according to claim 3 is united the flood method for optimizing scheduling with the step reservoir that generating is coupled, it is characterized in that, second model is maximum peak clipping criterion model: flood into reservoir process, reservoir play the water transfer position in the given schedule periods, considering under the various constraintss, determine the flood scheduling process of each reservoir, make between the letdown flow of reservoir and catchment and maximum value reach minimum, its corresponding object function is:
Figure FSA00000191455400021
Δ Q in the formula I+1, tBe the interval flow between t period reservoir i and reservoir (i+1), l is the quantity of step reservoir, q I, tBe the letdown flow after reservoir i regulates and stores, f is the variable of object function.
6. flood control according to claim 3 is united the flood method for optimizing scheduling with the step reservoir that generating is coupled, it is characterized in that, the 3rd model is last water level control model: flood into reservoir process, reservoir play the water transfer position in the given schedule periods, considering under the various constraintss, determine the flood scheduling process of each reservoir, make reservoir under last water level control prerequisite, maximum discharge minimum down, its corresponding object function is min f = &Sigma; t = 1 T &Sigma; i = 1 l ( q i , t + &Delta;Q i + 1 , t ) 2 Z i , t &cong; Z i C , Z in the formula I, TFor reservoir i transfers flood end of term water level,
Figure FSA00000191455400023
For reservoir i transfers flood end of term control water level, l is the quantity of step reservoir, q I, tBe the letdown flow after reservoir i regulates and stores, f represents the variable of object function.
7. flood control according to claim 3 is united the flood method for optimizing scheduling with the step reservoir that generating is coupled, it is characterized in that, four-model is the man-machine interaction scheduling model, be divided into and reservoir earial drainage mode manually be set and simulate step accent flood automatically, and provide two kinds of type of interaction: constant and fixed equipment, wherein constant has four kinds of earial drainage modes: how much let out what, self-defined, full sending out and maximum discharge; Fixed equipment has two kinds of earial drainage modes: unit opens and closes and the flood discharge opening of device, hop count when all can self-defined accent big vast with upper type.
8. flood control according to claim 3 and the step reservoir associating flood method for optimizing scheduling that generating is coupled is characterized in that the constraint condition set of first model, second model, the 3rd model and four-model correspondence is combined into:
(a) water balance constraint:
V i，t＝V i，t-1+(I i，t-q i，t)·Δt
In the formula: I I, tBeing the reservoir inflow of reservoir i in the t period, is that interval flood and upstream outbound are through the flow sum of river course calculation in the t period, q I, tBe the letdown flow after reservoir i regulates and stores, V I, tBe reservoir i in the water retention capacity of t period, V I, t-1Be reservoir i in the water retention capacity of t-1 period, segment length when Δ t is unit;
(b) storage capacity constraint
V i，t≤VM i
In the formula: VM iMaximum during for generation different frequency flood allows water retention capacity or allows reservoir level;
(c) control end of term water level limitation
Z i , T &le; Z i C
(d) generating set is crossed flow restriction
q i , t min < q i , t power < q i , t max
In the formula:
Figure FSA00000191455400033
Be the minimum discharge requirement of reservoir i in the t period;
Figure FSA00000191455400034
For reservoir i the generating of t period quote flow,
Figure FSA00000191455400035
Be the serious offense machine flow of reservoir i in the t period;
(e) output of power station constraint
N i , t min < N ( Z i , t , q i , t power ) < N i , t max
In the formula: N is power station i the exerting oneself of t period, and is water level Z I, tQuote flow with generating
Figure FSA00000191455400037
Function;
Figure FSA00000191455400038
For exerting oneself in the minimum of t period, limits and the maximum output restriction power station i;
(f) reservoir level constraint
Figure FSA00000191455400039
Wherein
Figure FSA000001914554000310
With The water level lower limit and the upper limit of representing the i power station t period respectively;
(g) downstream flood control requirement
q i，t≤q i，k
In the formula: q I, kExpression reservoir i different stage flood control control vent flow, k represents the rank of controlling flood;
(h) flash ability constraint
q i，t≤q i(V i，t，Ω)
In the formula: q i(V I, t, Ω) expression reservoir spillway flow is the function that reservoir water and gate equipment open and close regular Ω;
(i) reservoir spillway stationarity constraint
|q i，t-q i，t-1|≤ε
In the formula: ε is that reservoir i letdown flow changes restriction;
(i) river water evolution constraint meets the Maas capital root equation that confluxes,
q n，t＝C 0(n)q n-1，t+C 1(n)q n-1，t-1+C 2(n)q n，t-1
In the formula: C 0(n), C 1(n), C 2(n) be respectively the Maas capital root flow routing coefficient of n section, q N-1, t, q N-1, t-1Be the t moment, (t-1) moment n section inbound traffics, q N, t, q N, t-1Be the t moment, (t-1) moment n outflow from reach.
9. flood control according to claim 1 and the step reservoir associating flood method for optimizing scheduling that generating is coupled is characterized in that step reservoir is united in the flood optimization scheduling by transferring big vast numerical solution to find the solution.
10. flood control according to claim 1 and the step reservoir associating flood method for optimizing scheduling that generating is coupled is characterized in that step reservoir associating flood optimization scheduling is found the solution by dynamic programming algorithm.
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