CN1022846C

CN1022846C - Method and burner for melting copper

Info

Publication number: CN1022846C
Application number: CN89106436A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 约翰·雷池曼德·沪歌斯·Jr
Original assignee: Asarco LLC
Current assignee: Asarco LLC
Priority date: 1988-09-06
Filing date: 1989-08-21
Publication date: 1993-11-24
Anticipated expiration: 2004-08-21
Also published as: GR890100496A; HUT56169A; FI901749A0; HU208573B; WO1990002909A1; ES2016902A6; AU3989989A; EP0411060A1; BR8907069A; ZA895874B; CN1041618A; EP0411060A4; HU894625D0; AU622923B2; DK87390A; DK87390D0; KR900702061A; GR1000507B; JPH03503205A

Abstract

Burners with a flame observation mixer providing substantially complete combustion and a uniform flame composition using a wide variety of fuels including low pressure gaseous and liquid fuels and a method for using these burners to melt copper cathodes in a vertical shaft furnace are disclosed.

Description

Method and burner for melting copper

The present invention relates to such burner, it can adopt various fuel, comprises the gas and the liquid fuel of low pressure, provides to belong to burning completely and uniform flame composition basically; The invention still further relates to a kind of method of using said burner, it can be in vertical blast furnace melting cathode effectively and economically, and the unlikely excess of oxygen of in copper, introducing.

Needing the burner that can effectively heat with melting, is the vital problem of industrial sector, especially today energy expenditure go up, the energy reduces and can support under the situation that the fuel of utilization changing.The melting cathode is exactly the example that needs this class novel burner in the stove of vertical comburant (-rent), this kind burner can adopt the Sweet natural gas, Sweet natural gas, coke-oven gas, petroleum gas, producer gas of liquid fuel and blue water-gas, carburetting water training of qi, improvement and other natural with fuel synthetic coal gas and so on.Above-mentioned gas fuel is often directly taken from the town gas system of low pressure, and owing to do not allow often to use increasing apparatus, thereby the existing burner that is used for high-pressure gas can not reach the purpose of aforementioned applications effectively.

By known in this technology and 3,199, No. 977 United States Patent (USP)s (A.J.Phillips etc., 1965,8,10 announce) are discussed like that, cathode is produced with electrolysis process industrial, above-mentioned patent content has been listed this explanation in as a reference.This kind negative electrode is the industrial production fine copper, and generally about 2.54cm is thick and be planar rectangular about 63.5 to 102cm, certainly also can be by bigger and littler specification production.

Although the copper of cathodic deposition, on actually existing in cathode surface or be mixed in wherein common impurity and the inevitable small amount of electrolyte (Sulfates), it is industrial fine copper, but since their shapes and physical properties, particularly because the grain pattern of deposited copper does not generally use cathode itself.Make it to possess more useful form, just must melt this negative electrode, and this kind molten metal is cast into one or more work in-process shapes, the for example wire bar of piece, ingot, bar and so on, billet and rod, be cast into the shape that is similar to the finished product that produces thus, for example plate, silk, pipe, and be cast into many other commercially available prod of making by industrial pure copper.In addition, if this kind copper is polluted by unacceptable oxygen amount and sulfur content on the industrial production in fusion process, then most importantly need before this molten metal is cast, to use

Blue or green method is reduced to acceptable content with sulphur in this copper water and oxygen.But consider that from the commodity viewpoint copper that melts out like this is damaged basically and can not be used, and forms new negative electrode and must handle by series of steps again.This is a kind of expensive time-consuming way.

Therefore, most crucial is, being used for the burner of melting copper must not have for example deleterious oxygen to pollute copper.Generally, the mixture of fuel-oxygen (air) should be got such ratio, makes wherein contained hypoxgia so that fuel perfect combustion, and the fusing flame that forms is to reduce flame.Yet this fusing has but been proposed the requirement of following strictness with flame:, must avoid owing to existing unburned oxygen to cause undesirable oxidation effect in the flame although generally speaking flame is reductibility.Concerning most industrial application, this predetermined reductive condition should make any oxygen amount of infiltrating copper in fusion process be no more than the 0.05%(weight of copper amount).This predetermined reductive condition is preferably, and the oxygen amount in the copper water of entering is less than the 0.035%(weight of copper amount), and be preferably less than 0.01%.

Above-mentioned

Deng United States Patent (USP) and 4,536, No. 152 United States Patent (USP)s (

Deng) in the burner introduced, all be that specialized designs becomes the sort of burner form shown in Fig. 1, the goods of the industrial pure copper of aforementioned the sort of uniform reduction flame and melting are provided.Disclosed content has been listed this explanation in as a reference in 4,536, No. 152 United States Patent (USP)s.

There is the burner body 3 in the technology to comprise mixing section 50 shown in Fig. 1 earlier, is used for combustion flow being flowed with oxygen containing gas (air) and becoming a resultant current, be used for simultaneously this resultant current is introduced flame stabilization section 51.This burner body also is provided with a burning zone 52, and this body is installed on the flange 53 of the shoulder 54 that abuts against flame stabilization section 51.Priming bar 58 can be arranged in the furnace throat, and the sparking plug 59 that the common the sort of electricity of the mix flow that is used for igniting triggers is the side of the section of being installed in 51 then, and the inner that makes this sparking plug is in abutting connection with excellent 58.This combination of furnace throat and rod 58 is specially in order to keep the burning of mix flow in burning zone 52, especially when speed fuel is high.Section 51 also is provided with opening 69 and 70 and uses for the mix flow sampling.

Section 50 has an annular manifold pipe part 60, cover 61, turn of bilge or ancon 62, orifice plate 63 and the vision slit 64 that is equipped with transparent eyepiece 65.Cover 61 forms a menifold near the left end of shoulder 66 with section 50 in conjunction with ring part 60, is used for making one (normally fuel stream) less in two strands of a fluid streams for the treatment of and closing to enter and close chamber 68 from pipeline 36 through opening 67; By to the size dimension of opening 67 and control the less a fluid stream of this strand around the selection of the distribution mode of above-mentioned cover periphery and enter situation in the above-mentioned chamber 68.Bigger that plume Shu Zecong pipeline 29 is introduced chamber 68 by the hole and the turn of bilge 62 of plate 63.Pipeline 36 imports burner body with less a fluid stream (fuel), and device has valve 39 simultaneously, is used for controlling the quantity combusted of being defeated by burner body with malleation.Pipeline 36 also is equipped with common the sort of diaphragm control valve 38, and pipe fitting 37 causes the space of this diaphragm valve septation top in the pipeline 29, so that the air pressure in the pipeline 29 is led to this barrier film.The standard operation pressure of fuel gas is 0.109MPa～0.114MPa or higher.

During the operating burner body, intrafascicular bigger one of two plumes for the treatment of and close by a hole, entered the turn of bilge of guiding and close the chamber into, the accurate composition of this plume bundle is according to 3,199, and mode is measured described in No. 977 United States Patent (USP)s.

Unfortunately, when using low-pressure gas fuel and/or liquid fuel, the pipeline pressure of this class A fuel A is lower than the pressure that exists in the burner body, this just requires to reequip burner that technology is arranged earlier and special operational condition, then urgently wishes to make the novel burner design that is fit to adopt this class A fuel A in industry member.

The invention provides and a kind ofly be used for smelting metal and can not pollute the effective burner of height of this metal significantly, it can adopt the various fuel that comprise low pressure and pressurized fuel gas and liquid fuel.This burner is to 3,199, No. 977 and 4,536, a kind of improvement of No. 152 described burners of United States Patent (USP), adopt a kind of inhaling type mixing section to replace the pressure mixing section that has earlier in the technology burner simultaneously, this inhaling type mixing section allows to adopt pressure to be lower than the fuel of air pressure in the burner for example.For example, there is the technology burner will under the pressure that is higher than air pressure 30.5～38cm hydraulic pressure, work usually earlier.Utilize this inhaling type burner of the present invention, fuel pressure then can be lower than air pressure.

Another improvement is to be provided with one to plant the axially aligned eyepiece of burner mixing section therewith, and the latter can be contained in and be used for constituting in this burner mixing section in the displacement bar of suction hole.This eyepiece preferably has wide angle viewing object lens, so that the locular wall to this burner carries out wide angle viewing, better a kind of embodiment is to adopt the optical viewer of the mirror of looking in the distance, and the latter is advisable to be contained in the aforementioned displacements bar, divides so that focus on some part even the furnace interior of burner.

Fig. 1 is the longitudinal diagram that the amplification of technology burner system is arranged earlier.

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of inhaling type mixing section of the present invention's burner.

The elder generation that is shown in Fig. 1 and as above discussed is made up of with mass part by many sections the technology burner.This burner that has improved is to be substituted in mixing section of the present invention 71 shown in Figure 2 the mixing section 50 and turn of bilge 62 at Fig. 1 point A place or its contiguous place.Mixing section 71 can be threaded, flange or other mechanical seal mode be installed in an A place.37 of pipe fittings that lead to diaphragm control valve 38 among Fig. 1 preferably keep, and in a better embodiment, then available one similar pipe fitting is connected to mixing section 71 near the end of putting A.This pipe fitting can be connected with pipe fitting 37 with a T junction, valve 38 is provided pressure signal and the operation of burner is tightened control.

As shown in Figure 2, mixing section 71 comprises a mixing section 72, the optional displacement bar 73 that is provided with is arranged to constitute a looping pit 74 in the chamber.Two plumes for the treatment of and closing intrafascicular less one (normally fuel stream) are introduced at import 75 places, and bigger that plume bundle (normally airflow) is then introduced by import 76.Eyepiece 77 and 78 sets up separately at the two ends of displacement bar 73, and eyepiece 78 is wide-angle lens preferably, can observe the whole inside of igniting section 51 and combustion chamber 52.Even more ideal embodiment is to adopt the visual telescope section 79 be located in the displacement bar 73, in order to focusing on the specific part of burner 3, even the inside of stove.

When operating this kind burner, once adopted Sweet natural gas to act as a fuel, introduced through import 75, simultaneously by import 76 introducing airs.Mixing section 71 is North America manufacturing company (Ohio, the Cleveland city) the inhaling type air-air and gas mixer of Sheng Chaning (numbering 3065-6), be not with displacement bar, the size of burner then can be consulted in the brochure that title publishes for the said firm of " size 30.65,1-87 " 1～2 page.The pressure of the 51cm water column (W.C) that forms through via hole 74 time is fallen, and above-mentioned inhaling type device per hour provides 1.1 * 10 with Sweet natural gas ⁶BTU(Btu) heat.The annulus area in above-mentioned hole is 8.3cm ²The pressure of used Sweet natural gas is 0.102MPa, and the pressure of air is 0.106MPa.

When measuring burning-air mixture at opening 69 and 70 places, mixture can show that the flame in the combustion chamber 52 is uniformly too uniformly, can carry out melting and unlikely with in the material in the unwanted oxygen amount introducing melting.When this burner being used in the industrial blast furnace melting cathode copper, obtaining certainly.In this cathode copper and the finished product typical oxygen level be respectively 0.01% with 0.02%(weight).

Should know under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit of the present invention and scope, be to make many changes and improved to the several characteristics of having stated.Thereby top description just is used for the present invention is made an explanation rather than it is made restriction.

Claims

1, a kind of being installed in is used for the burner of melting copper or analogous material in the blast furnace, and this burner comprises:

One propellant combination stream and oxygen-containing gas stream to be forming the mixing section (50) of homogeneous substance stream, this mixing section (50) have a fuel inlet (36) and an oxygen-containing gas enter the mouth (29) and one be in the mixing section (68) in above-mentioned inlet downstream;

The one flame stabilization section (51) that is connected with above-mentioned mixing section, this flame stabilization section comprise that also being used for lighting above-mentioned homogeneous substance flows to produce a priming bar (58) and a sparking plug (59) of reduction flame; And

One is in the combustion chamber (52) in flame stabilization section (51) downstream, and this combustion chamber (52) are suitable for stretching in the blast furnace;

Be characterised in that above-mentioned gas and fuel inlet are connected with inhaling type gas mixer (71) in the above-mentioned mixing section (50).

2,, be characterised in that also to comprise an eyepiece (77,78) that this eyepiece (77,78) can extend through mixing section (72) vertically, so that observe from this mixing section downstream according to the burner of claim 1.

3, according to the burner of claim 2, be characterised in that eyepiece (77,78) gets telescopical form, it can be adjusted to the part of the required observation of observing burner.

4, according to the burner of claim 2, be characterised in that eyepiece is closed in the bar (73) of one of burner on being arranged in axially, this bar defines the part of inhaling type coupling mechanism in the combustion chamber.

5, a kind of in blast furnace melting copper to produce the method for steel that oxygen level is less than 0.05% fusing of weight, be included in the blast furnace and burn, to produce reduction flame, thus, oxygen containing gas in shortage is conducted to burner, so that perfect combustion is conducted to the fuel of burner, this fuel is low-pressure gas formula liquid fuel, is characterised in that burning is what to carry out in the burner that above-mentioned any one claim limited.