CN1152703A - Vetical type quick melting furnace - Google Patents
Vetical type quick melting furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1152703A CN1152703A CN96112775A CN96112775A CN1152703A CN 1152703 A CN1152703 A CN 1152703A CN 96112775 A CN96112775 A CN 96112775A CN 96112775 A CN96112775 A CN 96112775A CN 1152703 A CN1152703 A CN 1152703A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- air
- temperature
- melting furnace
- melting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 8
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
- C21B11/02—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in low shaft furnaces or shaft furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/16—Arrangements of tuyeres
Abstract
The invention relates to a vertical rapid melting furnace, in which the furnace bottom is provided with a cylinder for the loading of hot metal. On a melting zone above the hot metal cylinder of a coke melting furnace in which the top is provided with an input port of pig iron, steel scrap, cast iron and other burdens, a plurality of air inlets for the injection of the mixing air with the oxygen concentration of 25 to 40% is provided. Therefore, a low high temperature zone and a reducing zone are formed within the height range of the melting zone.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of vertical quick melting furnace, in the high temperature cupola furnace of deposite metal furnace charge (metal ground gold-original text), the mixing air of enrichment (enrichment-original text) certain proportion pure oxygen is sprayed in the stove, do not use the same high-temperature hot-air of prior art fully, advance the conflagration reaction of coke, form the furnace atmosphere of superhigh temperature and strong reducing, metal charge is melted.
For continuous melting plain cast iron metal charge, majority used the cokes cupola furnaces in the past.For volume fusing, high temperature melting and reduction fusing steel cuttings, must select for use high-quality coke, the dehumidifying of blowing, make its high temperatureization and in sending air, carry out the pure oxygen enrichment etc. of 1-4%.
Yet in these processes, adopt large-scale stove wind pushing air can be carried out the highest melting rate of high temperature realization, but, these opposite equipment construction expense height, the maintenance standing charges are also high, in the melting cost in short melting furnace of operating time and small-sized cupola furnace, account for vast scale, also just offseted the advantage that adopts this maximization iron furnace to bring.
Thereby, in order to reduce melting cost, be necessary to be reduced in the cost of erection that accounts for vast scale in the cost and keep the stove expense.Yet when using the high-temperature hot-air cupola furnace, in order to reach above-mentioned these indispensable reasons, it is very difficult reducing cost.
On the other hand,, the most do not use the volume coke, and make the air-supply high-temperatureization, and to say into this be absolute condition in order to realize the reduction fusing of melting furnace.
Processing ease appears in strong for this reason expectation, and melting cost is low again, can realize reducing the melting furnace of fusing again.
The problem that the present invention will solve is for realizing that above-mentioned requirements produces.Its objective is provides a kind of novel vertical quick melting furnace.Promptly in the design and the operating aspect of melting furnace, do not use hot air apparatus in the past fully, the substitute is, coke conflagration reaction and reduction reaction are all carried out in a narrower interval, adopt and in stove, spray into a certain proportion of pure oxygen mixing air of enrichment, to advance coke conflagration reaction, form the atmosphere of superhigh temperature and strong reduction in the narrow field of dissolving band, furnace charge is melted in the narrow and small fusion zone in stove.
To achieve the object of the present invention, at furnace bottom the cupola well of iron deposit water arranged, have at furnace roof on the fusion zone of melting furnace of dog-houses such as furnace charge, spray into the mixing air that contains oxygen 25-40% from a plurality of air ports, thereby coke conflagration reaction speed and reaction heat have been increased, and improved the fast restore reaction speed, furnace charge has been melted.
Among the present invention, the fusion zone place at position above the cupola well of furnace bottom iron deposit water, the front in a plurality of air ports, the mixing air that coke and oxygen content reach 25-40% carries out the conflagration reaction, and stove internal combustion temperature can reach 2100 ℃-2400 ℃.Like this, the front, air port produces superhigh temperature and carbon dioxide gas; The air port is toward the upper part, and the anxious strong endothermic reaction takes place for coke and carbon dioxide, becomes the strongly reducing atmosphere of carbon monoxide, constitutes very narrow high temperature melting band.In view of the above, owing to reaction heat contacts in very near front with High Temperature Gas, thereby can reach rapid fusing.
In addition, furnace high-temperatureization can improve the flowability of slag, reduced the input of slag former, also improved simultaneously the flammability of coke, therefore containing fixed carbon also can use at the low-grade coke of 80-90%, adopt high concentration to contain the oxygen air besides, improved melting efficiency, increased melting capacity.If use small-sized melting furnace to finish same fusing amount, its bed coke consumption can reduce 50% approximately.
Effect of the present invention is summarized as follows once more
1. under the normal temperature state, just can reach the superhigh temperature fusing of strong reducing property at the burning furnace gas.Owing to will not need devices such as all high hot air generator of construction cost and maintenance cost and dehydrating unit, can obtain the cheap melting furnace of melting cost on the metallurgy.
2. because melted fast in superhigh temperature and strong reducing property furnace gas, residual oxygen and nitrogen element seldom and can obtain the high molten iron of fusing degree.
3. owing to the high temperatureization of temperature in the stove, the flowability of slag is improved, and the addition of slag former can reduce 50%.
4. owing to the minimizing of furnace gas discharge capacity, dust collect plant can diminish.
5. owing to form from fusing and take wide humidity province of giving the torrid zone and the furnace gas that forms reducing atmosphere to, discharge low nitrogen oxide (NOX), oxysulfide (SOX), be expected to realize the operating environment that cleans.
6. realized the continuous melting stove of the high step-down of stove, because the miniaturization of stove, stove bed coke consumption can reduce 50% approximately.
7. cast iron smelting can adopt lower quality coke and blast furnace coke with melting furnace, and just can effectively utilizing energy resources, to obtain above-mentioned multiple effect be very helpful.
The simple declaration of accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the vertical section skeleton diagram of vertical quick melting furnace of the present invention.
Below, the vertical section skeleton diagram of contrast vertical quick melting furnace illustrates basic embodiment of the present invention.Vertical melting furnace body of heater 1 comprises that cupola well 2, fusion zone 3, furnace bottom 4 and the internal diameter of furnace bottom iron deposit water are a plurality of tuyere lines 5 and the air port 6 of d.Purity oxygen is mixed in the normal temperature air, make the air oxygen content reach 25-40%, and this air sprayed in the stove from a plurality of air ports 6, for the coke burning, without hot air apparatus and dehydrating unit, formed the fusion zone that in the gas of superhigh temperature and strongly reducing atmosphere, burns,, the height in high-temp combustion zone has been become set the tuyere line 5 that a plurality of internal diameters are d greatly even rapidly combustion reaction is few.
In addition, have following feature at fusion zone 3: follow the rising that reaches the combustion gas of the high temperature more than 2000 ℃ at tuyere line, furnace charge is melted fast by high temperature, meanwhile carbon C in the coke and the carbon dioxide CO in the combustion gas
2React sharp, form high atmosphere of carbon monoxide CO concentration and short fusion zone zone.So from tuyere line 5, to the high exhaust effective depth H of furnace gas outlet 11 and furnace charge input port 14
0With dog-house effective depth H
1Than hanging down of common vertical heater.
Combustion gas with furnace charge fusing and preheating after, by exhaust outlet 11, exhaust collecting box 12 and 13 discharges of exhaust discharge pipe.In body of heater, become the fusion zone top and the bottom of high-temperature area, can it be cooled off from cool water shower pipe 15 spray cold water.For coke burning usefulness contain the oxygen mixing air, give gas branch pipe 9 from supply pipe 10 by service tank 8, spray in the burner hearth through tuyere box 7 and air port 6 again.Shaft is by various refractory materials 21, fusion zone furnace lining slag line 20 and constructed at the material protections such as water-cooled refractory brick on fusion zone top with getting up.Also have, the molten iron that fusing the is good tapping hole 16 of flowing through at the slag trap 18 that goes out on the molten iron tank 17, slag keep off with molten iron separated, and from slag notch 19 outflows, molten iron then flows to the place ahead.
According to the embodiment of vertical quick melting furnace, the result of actual tests operation is described below.
Before changing iron tests, the results are shown in table 1 by temperature gained in documents and materials analysis theories flame temperature and the stove.
Temperature infers in table 1 mixing air oxygen content % and flame temperature and the stove
| Oxygen content O in the mixing air 2％ | Nitrogen (N 2) amount m 3 | Carbon dioxide (CO 2) amount m 3 | Theoretical flame temperature ℃ | Temperature ℃ in the theoretical stove |
| ??????21 | ???7.022 | ???1.867 | ?????2255 | ?????1975 |
| ???25 | ????5.600 | ???1.867 | ???2549 | ???2112 |
| ???31 | ????4.155 | ???1.867 | ???2933 | ???2270 |
| ???35 | ????3.467 | ???1.867 | ???3157 | ???2351 |
| ???41 | ????2.686 | ???1.867 | ???3455 | ???2448 |
The tuyere line diameter is made the operating condition of 500mm as the test melting furnace, and its result is described below.
1. operating condition is following listed:
Oxygen concentration amount: 5,10,15%;
Steel cuttings proportioning: 10,30,50%;
Coke ratio: 18%;
Lime stone proportioning: 3%.
2. use the composition of material as shown in the table
| Carbon (C) | Silicon (Si) | Manganese (Mn) | Phosphorus (P) | Sulphur (S) | |
| Cast-iron scrap | ???3.57 | ???1.70 | ???0.41 | ????0.039 | ????0.074 |
| Steel cuttings | ???0.12 | ???0.31 | ???0.43 | ????0.015 | ????0.007 |
3. infer temperature in the stove from the temperature of the furnace wall iron sheet operation just:
Infer at oxygen (O
2) enrichment is 15% when carrying out combustion reaction, infers temperature in the stove on top, air port from the iron sheet temperature measurement result.Be:
1) top, air port 200mm place:
C+O
2＝CO
2+97600(KCal/KM01)
(kilocalorie/kilomol)
Calculate theoretical flame temperature by theoretical temperature combustion: T=2350 ℃
2) top, air port 450mm place:
C+O
2＝CO
2+97600
CO
2+C＝2CO-36800(+
2C+O
2＝2CO+58800(KCal/KM01)
Calculate theoretical flame temperature from theoretical temperature combustion: T=1360 ℃
So, infer as temperature value in the listed stove of table 2 from above-mentioned calculating.Can see that thus near the temperature the air outlet top is very high, and to 450mm place, top, temperature has but dropped to 1586 ℃ degree sharp, this can be confirmed to be due to the reduction reaction phenomenon that heat absorption has also taken place simultaneously.
Temperature is inferred table in table 2 stove
| Air port top distance (mm) | Theoretical flame temperature (℃) | Temperature in the deduction stove (℃) |
| ???????200 | ???????2350 | ???????2377 |
| ???????450 | ???????1360 | ???????1580 |
Aforesaid specific embodiment, by the normal temperature mixing air of institute's art structure of furnace body and enrichment 25-40% oxygen, promote the thick and short a little vertical melting furnace of the conflagration reaction of coke, as follows because dustiness tails off, can seek the dust collect plant smaller volume.Simultaneously, both the high temperature that can reach on the metallurgy melted fast, can make clean environment, good economy performance again, and was extremely useful on industrial production.
The employing basic capacity is that the oxygen concentration amount of 2 tons/hour real stove is listed in table 3 with the work data that goes out iron water amount,
Material input amount as operating condition: 250 kilograms/batches, coke ratio: 14%.
Table 3 goes out the relation of iron water amount and air output
| Go out iron water amount (ton/hour) | ??2 | ????2.5 | ????3 | ????3.5 | ???4 |
| Air output (rice 3/ minute) | ??30 | ????30 | ????30 | ????30 | ???30 |
| Pure oxygen enriching quantity (rice 3/ time) | ??0 | ????82 | ????146 | ????216 | ???288 |
As above show shown in the listed work data:, iron water amount and only need just can increase with the increase oxygen content because air output is constant.Therefore, with 4 tons/hour be the basis as can be known: air output can reduce significantly.
Claims (2)
1. vertical quick melting furnace,
It is characterized in that: the cupola well of depositing molten iron is arranged at furnace bottom; Have at furnace roof on the fusion zone above the molten iron cupola well of coke melting furnace of charge door of furnace charges such as the pig iron, steel cuttings, cast iron a plurality of air inlets that spray into the mixing air of oxygen concentration 25-40% are set, make in the fusion zone altitude range, form low high-temperature region and reducing zone.
2. vertical quick melting furnace as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: by being oxygen concentration the wind pushing air that the air of 25-40% sprays into from a plurality of air outlets, make the coke burning, there is no need to be provided with hot air apparatus and dehydrating unit in view of the above, form the fusion zone of superhigh temperature and strongly reducing atmosphere, with the furnace charge high temperature melting.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP311486/95 | 1995-10-23 | ||
| JP31148695A JPH09118907A (en) | 1995-10-23 | 1995-10-23 | Vertical type quick melting furnace |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1152703A true CN1152703A (en) | 1997-06-25 |
Family
ID=18017820
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96112775A Pending CN1152703A (en) | 1995-10-23 | 1996-10-18 | Vetical type quick melting furnace |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09118907A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR970022191A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1152703A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102692123A (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2012-09-26 | 薛良 | Gas smelting furnace and smelting method using gas |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104034151A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2014-09-10 | 赵文鹤 | Cupola furnace with high thermal efficiency |
| EP3486335A1 (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2019-05-22 | Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH | Reducing gas supply for direct reduction |
| CN113293246B (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2023-03-24 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for judging disappearance of reflow zone in blowing-out process |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04128307A (en) * | 1990-09-18 | 1992-04-28 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Production of chromium-containing molten iron |
| GB9202073D0 (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1992-03-18 | Boc Group Plc | Operation of vertical shaft furnaces |
-
1995
- 1995-10-23 JP JP31148695A patent/JPH09118907A/en active Pending
-
1996
- 1996-10-18 CN CN96112775A patent/CN1152703A/en active Pending
- 1996-10-18 KR KR1019960047387A patent/KR970022191A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102692123A (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2012-09-26 | 薛良 | Gas smelting furnace and smelting method using gas |
| CN102692123B (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2014-08-06 | 薛良 | Gas smelting furnace and smelting method using gas |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR970022191A (en) | 1997-05-28 |
| JPH09118907A (en) | 1997-05-06 |
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| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
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