CN102275323A

CN102275323A - Biomass granule forming method and equipment

Info

Publication number: CN102275323A
Application number: CN 201010207887
Authority: CN
Inventors: 滕克禹
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-06-11
Filing date: 2010-06-11
Publication date: 2011-12-14

Abstract

The invention provides a biomass granule forming method and equipment, relating to a forming technology and a mechanism design of biomass raw materials and aiming at solving the problem of difficulty in forming of biomass, extra energy consumption, high power consumption, high investment, easiness of damages, product frangibility, and the like. The technical scheme I of the invention is that: a viscous biomass raw material is added to a nonviscous mass raw material, and the viscous biomass raw material is premixed with active alkali powder for dehydrating and emulsifying to reach easily-formed viscosity and humidity. The technical scheme II of the invention is that: a feed hopper and a grinding wheels are arranged in a vertical cylindrical barrel, wherein the grinding wheels are arranged on the same cross shaft in pairs; the cross shaft is arranged in a cross-shaped shifting fork; a feed opening is arranged on the periphery of the lower end of the feed hopper, two rollers are arranged at the feed opening to form an automatic feeding and mixing device, and the whole feed hopper is fixed on the cross shaft; an annular die plate is arranged on a seat frame; a driving lever, a hairbrush and an annular receiving plate is arranged below the seat frame; an electromotor, a speed reducer, a gear and the lower end of an upright shaft are arranged on a base; an arc-shaped door is arranged on a shell of the barrel; and a transmission belt is arranged at the top end of the barrel.

Description

Biomass briquette grain forming method and equipment

Technical field

The present invention relates to the forming technique and the Machine Design of biomass material, specifically, is to have the biomass material of bonding characteristic to add alkaline matter, again with common dryness biomass material, after reasonable proportioning is mixed, the very easily method of moulding, and the plant equipment of supporting with it cold moudling.

Background technology

In recent years, the new forms of energy and the renewable sources of energy are quite paid attention to, the rich inexpensive biological renewable energy of thing also gains great popularity, has far-reaching development prospect, occur the research and development of numerous equipment vendors in succession and produced different types of machine-shaping device, as: biomass fuel briquetting device, granulator etc., forming principle has hydraulic method, pressing, ring mould or flat-die extrusion etc., the outstanding problem that these methods exist is that energy consumption is too big, the one, adapted power power is excessive, as: output the 1-3 ton/hour equipment, generally all about in the of hundred kilowatts; The 2nd, existing equipment needs steam or electrical heating just can reach good molding effect in forming process, and raw material also needs prebake, has not only increased equipment investment but also increased energy consumption; These two energy consumptions quite high ratio of product cost that just accounts for only, even be close with cost of material, this is the main bottleneck that the restriction biomass energy is popularized development, in addition, because actual production is lower, expenses such as extra energy consumption and recruitment wage have also increased the specific yield cost, all multifactor production marketing prices that causes are higher, can price ratio not have advantage, therefore, the processing of biomass energy utilizes and is restricted.

The deficiency that existing equipment also exists is, hydraulic pressure and pressing are because the equipment complexity, power consumption is big, yield poorly, economical and practical inadequately and can't popularization and application, ring mould and flat-die equipment are more general now, because of its pinch roller too little, and with the spacing of mould be limit fixing also less, this also is to be equipped with the excessive reason of power power, therefore, during the uneven thickness of biomass material charging, will be to the destruction of impacting property of equipment, rapid wear is not durable and causes problems such as cost of equipment maintenance height, simultaneously, therefore motor load also can produce bigger fluctuation, when excess load occurring, motor overheating, even burn the machine phenomenon.

In addition, the biomass briquette grain that existing equipment is produced, because the bad adhesion of raw material, in the loading and unloading storage and transport process, problems such as fragmentation, slag particle are comparatively outstanding.

Summary of the invention

1. the outstanding problem and deficiency in order to overcome existing equipment and product the invention provides biomass briquette grain forming method, and biomass briquette grain former, has breakthrough innovation.

A. biomass briquette grain forming method has solved because ordinary student raw material of substance bad adhesion, needs prebake, steam or extra energy consumption and equipment input that electrical heating brought, and problem such as product is frangible, powder is more.Concrete technical scheme is, employing has the biomass material of bonding characteristic, carrying out proportioning with the ordinary student raw material of substance mixes, specifically, utilize the inferior horn slag charge of some producer and discarded juice to prepare burden exactly, because it contains sugar as viscosity, starch, albumen, the general humidity of colloid isorheic composition is bigger, therefore, according to the size of humidity, in it, add an amount of active alkali, as: quick lime or caustic soda powder, stir, make the moisture in its absorption viscosity living beings, reach the water quality standard that contains of easy-formation, simultaneously, make active alkali emulsification for gluey, the heat that the heat of its generation and the process that rolls produce makes composition gelatinizations such as starch, has strengthened inherent cohesive force, then, in the ordinary student raw material of substance, add proper proportion again, mixing and stirring makes it reach suitable viscosity and humidity once more, and batching can be two or more.On the former of special use, roll, make the blending of colloid and biological fiber through high strength, one integrated mass, hard firm.Utilize the suction and the emulsification function of active alkali, saved oven dry, steam or electric heating equipment, and increased the intensity of product.

B. biomass briquette grain former, it is too high to have solved the excessive energy consumption of existing equipment power power, bigger to the damage of facilities impact, practical problems such as the perishable maintenance cost height of rapid wear, energy-saving and cost-reducing is its outstanding feature.Concrete technical scheme is, profile is designed to the vertical type cylinder tube structure, is huge muller and feed hopper in the cylindrical shell on mounting top, muller by the bearing mounted in pairs in the transverse axis two ends; The king top is the cross shift fork, and transverse axis is installed in the cross shift fork; Feed hopper is suitable for reading rounded, and the center is a radome fairing, and the bottom avris is a feed opening, and there are two toothed rollers at each feed opening place, constitutes the feed homogenizing device, and whole feed hopper is fixed on the transverse axis between the muller; The annular mould that the polylith fan-shaped mould combines is installed on the fan-shaped plan of mounting, and muller is directly over the nib zone on the annular mould; Below the annular mould driving lever and the hairbrush of clamping on king arranged, and the annular that is fixed on the housing connects dish; Motor on the base, reductor, gear and king interconnect successively; The arc-shaped door of sealing is housed on the shell of cylindrical shell; Cylinder top is equipped with conveyer belt.

2. the described huge muller of above 1.B, diameter is bigger, and thickness is slightly larger than the overall width in annular mould patrix hole, has huge weight, and lateral surface has darker annular groove, is used to increase weighting distribution wheel, and the cambered surface of putting forth effort of rolling has Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct.

3. the described cross shift fork of above 1.B is connected as a single entity with the vertical shaft top, quadrate, and than thick many of vertical shaft, the top has cross recess downwards, and notch is darker, and width and transverse axis thickness match.

4. the described feed hopper of above 1.B, the top is big round mouth, and periphery place in bottom is a feed opening, is positioned on the rolling track of muller, and it is corresponding up and down with nib, the quantity of feed opening is identical with the muller number, and before and after the feed opening place a toothed roller, one of front being arranged respectively is to regulate mobile unsettled the wheel, the back one be can be up and down the wheel that presses, contacting with mould, is adjustable feed opening between two rollers, forms the autofeed homogenizing device.Whole feed hopper is installed on the transverse axis between the muller, and the middle top of transverse axis is the cone radome fairing of taking advantage of a situation and constructing.

5. the described annular mould of above 1.B, form by a plurality of identical fan-shaped moulds, its quantity is identical with the cut zone of mounting, block-by-block is placed on the crossbeam of horizontal mounting, form a large-scale ring plain mould, the one-tenth suitable for reading of the nib on the mould is horn-like, and the hole wall between the Kong Yukong forms the tooth shape, arrange a few in order on mould, form certain nib overall width.

6. the described driving lever of above 1.B, hairbrush, the length all external diameter with annular mould is identical, there is screw clamp to be fixed on the vertical shaft of rotation, and can do and move up and down adjusting, driving lever is last, and hairbrush is down, it is the wide narrow annular groove of going to the bottom suitable for reading that annular connects dish, highly be fixed on the frame leg accordingly, the annular groove bottom surface has discharging opening, and groove bottom contacts with hairbrush.

7. motor, reductor, gear and vertical shaft on the described base of above 1.B are connected successively, constitute the power transmission assembly.

8. the arc-shaped door on the described cylinder shell of above 1.B, identical with the cylindrical shell radian and on same cambered surface, side seam is a sealing state, a fan or multiple leaf door all can.

9. the described conveyer belt of above 1.B, its effect are that the biomass material that will prepare in advance continuously is transported in the feed hopper.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1.A. biomass briquette grain forming method, (1) have saved steam or equipment and the extra energy consumptions such as electrical heating, prebake that need the molding bonded condition, reduced the equipment input, have reduced production cost; (2) not only bond effect is good, cheap to contain the inferior horn slag charge of sugar, starch, albumen, pectin, and good biomass fuel is turned waste into wealth discarded object especially; (3) because sugar, starch, albumen, pectin, active alkali gel etc. have good and bonding characteristic fiber, therefore, the product after weight again, physical property is more stable, and hardness height, quality better are not prone to problems such as fragmentation, powdery; (4) requirement is not very strict to the method to raw material humidity, need not heat or dry yet, and has avoided the phenomenon of the easy breaking out of fire of existing equipment; (5) viscosity living beings mixed ratio is lower, the addition of active alkali still less, the alkalinity of product is extremely low, therefore, can not influence normal burning.

B. biomass briquette grain former, (1) has saved power consumption greatly, has improved output, quality and efficient, compare with existing equipment, same Isoquant, the power of this device just adapted 10% is saved power consumption about 90%; (2) equipment need not be done fine adjusting, and motor load is even, and no impact phenomenon is not fragile, durable in use, has greatly saved maintenance maintenance expense and man-hour; (3) output also has raising by a relatively large margin, has reduced bigger production cost from many aspects, has improved the energy price ratio of product.

2. the application of huge muller, make pressure in natural gravity, pressure is constant, and is the several times of existing equipment pressure, has solved the perishable problem of high power consumption, rapid wear that next high strength extruding and the impact in power and critical piece of existing equipment pressure brought; Because muller diameter and inertia are bigger, not only greatly reduce power, and are not subjected to the influence of raw thickness, also can not bring the fluctuation on the motor load, vexed machine burning machine phenomenon more can not occur, and output and steady quality; It is more convenient, practical that weighting distribution wheel is regulated pressure.

3. cross shift fork and transverse axis are only stirred power, do not have pressure, therefore, also do not have the problems such as renewal, maintenance of easily worn part, and be durable in use, installs and use need not to regulate more convenient practicality.

4. feed hopper and roller owing to rotate synchronously with muller, solved biomass material mobile poor, easily adhere to, the problem of blanking inequality; Following material roller has been brought into play the effect of instant dosing, homocline, precompressed, and its function is strong, effective.

5. annular mould, because width and area are bigger, the number of turns of its annular array and number of orifices increase several times, therefore, output has had raising by a relatively large margin; The nib of bell mouth shape combines with the muller of crunch, has strengthened the density and the quality of product.

6. driving lever, hairbrush and annular connect dish, have brought into play the effect of manipulator, the piece grain length degree of product is regulated as required dialled section, have strengthened the product uniformity and product mutually, and can be in time with product with sweeping discharging opening.

7. the power transmission assembly is installed on inner barrel, vertical shaft bottom, and reductor and gear is arranged as middle transmission, makes more compact structure, hidden, and transmission is safer, reliable.

8. Feng Bi arc-shaped door neither influences the normal operation of equipment, again for personnel pass in and out installation, change, maintenance etc. is provided convenience.

9. conveyer belt is the indispensable auxiliary equipment of this equipment, is the guarantee of even situation of material loading and the continuous ordinary production of equipment.

Description of drawings

Be described further below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the perpendicular center sectional drawing of integral device

Fig. 2 is the blanking harmonious material device I sectional drawing in the frame of broken lines among Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is the blanking harmonious material device I vertical view in the frame of broken lines among Fig. 1

In the drawings, 1. mounting, 2. cylindrical shell, 3. muller, 4. annular groove, 5. weighting distribution wheel, 6. transverse axis, 7. cross shift fork, 8. notch, 9. feed hopper, 10. radome fairing, 11. arc-shaped doors, 12. feed openings, 13. rollers, 14. annular moulds, 15. nib, 16. driving levers, 17. hairbrush, 18. annulars connect dish, 19. vertical shafts, 20. motor, 21. reductors, 22. gears, 23. bases, 24. discharging opening, 25. arc backing plates, 26. conveyer belts, I. blanking harmonious material device.

The specific embodiment

1.A. the forming method of biomass briquette grain, that is: the method for batching at first, is determined the addition of viscosity biomass material, records water content then, adds an amount of active alkali according to water content, as calcium lime powder, calculates according to following formula:

The saturated total water-holding capacity/quick lime slaking of (the viscosity raw material records humidity %-standard humidity %) the X viscosity raw material addition=saturated total water-holding capacity quick lime of quick lime slaking slaking saturated specific water retention=the quick lime addition then, with quick lime and the viscosity biomass material mixing and stirring that will add, stack to the complete slaking of quick lime saturated, then, with ordinary student raw material of substance mixing and stirring, can enter former processing piece grain again.

B. in Fig. 1, mounting 1 has four or above upright leg support, the upper end of upright leg and the upright leg on opposite are across welding, form the plane of a mounting 1, cylindrical shell 2 be welded on mounting 1 around, the center of the center of mounting 1 and base 23 is equipped with vertical shaft 19, and vertical shaft 19 is connected as a single entity with the cross shift fork 7 on top; The assembled annular mould 14 of polylith fan-shaped mould is installed on the mounting 1; There is muller 3 inside of cylindrical shell 2, and mounted in pairs is in the two ends of same transverse axis 6, and transverse axis 6 is installed in the notch 8 of cross shift fork 7; Feed hopper 9 is installed on the transverse axis 6, and the feed opening 12 of bottom respectively has a roller 13 before and after each feed opening 12 place above annular mould 14, constitutes blanking harmonious material device I; Below annular mould 14, be driving lever 16 and the hairbrush 17 that is installed on the vertical shaft 19, and the annular that is fixed on the upright leg connect dish 18; The gear 22 that is installed on motor 20, reductor 21 and the vertical shaft 19 on the base 23 interconnects; Arc-shaped door 11 is arranged on the cylindrical shell 2; The top has conveyer belt 26 to be fixed on the shell of cylindrical shell 2.

2. in Fig. 1, the two ends of muller 3 centre bores are equipped with bearing, center orifice ring in the annular groove 4 is circumferentially outer to be protruded, be used to install weighting distribution wheel 5, per two mullers 3 are installed on the two ends of same transverse axis 6, axle head has screw and large-scale ring pad to fix, and the rolling track of muller 3 is consistent with the overall width of nib.

3. in Fig. 1, notch 8 width and transverse axis 6 on the cross shift fork 7 match, can be up and down arbitrarily, and the degree of depth is darker, and transverse axis 6 centers are laterally porose, and there have tightening latch to pass to be fixing, and vertical shaft 19 is installed from top to bottom, is fixed by bearing cap.

4. in Fig. 1 .2.3, feed hopper 9 tops are large-scale round mouth, it is downwards diminishing ellipse, the center is a cone radome fairing 10, nib on the feed opening 12 of bottom and the annular mould 14 is corresponding up and down, there are two rollers 13 at feed opening 12 places, previous is unsettled the wheel, can move forward and backward and regulate blanking amount size, back one is to press wheel to contact with annular mould 14, during feed hopper 9 rotations, pinch roller rolls on annular mould 14, under the squeezing action of raw material, the unsettled wheel also rotated thereupon, forms feed homogenizing device I.

5. in Fig. 1, every fan-shaped mould forming annular mould 14 is installed on the crossbeam on mounting 1 plane, and the inner arc checkpost is put in the inner groove of reservation, and there are arc backing plate 25 jam-packs in the gap of outer arc limit and cylindrical shell 2; Nib 15 one-tenth suitable for reading are horn-like, and the hole wall between the Kong Yukong forms the tooth shape, is arranged in order on the annular mould 14, and the thickness and the rolling track of the overall width of nib 15 and muller 3 match.

6. in Fig. 1, all the external diameter with annular mould 14 is identical for driving lever 16, hairbrush 17 length, there is screw clamp to be fixed on the vertical shaft 19 of rotation, and can do and move up and down adjusting, driving lever 16 is last, and hairbrush 17 is down, it is wide narrow annular grooves of going to the bottom suitable for reading that annular connects dish 18, highly be fixed on the frame leg accordingly, the annular groove bottom surface has discharging opening 24, and groove bottom contacts with hairbrush 17.

7. in Fig. 1, motor 20 is connected by the connecting rod device with the power input shaft of reductor 21, bevel gear on reductor 21 power output shafts and 22 engagements of the bevel gear on the vertical shaft 19, shape power transmission at an angle of 90.

8. in Fig. 1, the radian of arc-shaped door 11 and cambered surface are consistent with cylindrical shell 2, and locking and sealing device are arranged, and size is because of deciding.

9. in Fig. 1, the conveyer belt 26 on top is fixed on the upper case of cylindrical shell 2, the discharging opening of conveyer belt 26 and feed hopper 9 corresponding installations.

Claims

1. biomass briquette grain forming method and equipment is characterized in that two contents: i.e. biomass briquette grain forming method and biomass briquette grain former.

A. biomass briquette grain forming method: it is characterized in that in common noncohesive biomass material, be added with the biomass material of bonding characteristic, the viscosity biomass material adds active alkali in advance, as quick lime or caustic soda, make the dehydration of viscosity biomass material, active alkali emulsification is viscoloid, strengthens the inherent cohesive force of biomass material, to reach viscosity and the humidity that is easy to moulding.

B. biomass briquette grain former: it is characterized in that profile is the vertical type cylinder cylindrical shell, the inner barrel on mounting top is feed hopper and granulation chamber, and huge muller is arranged in it, and mounted in pairs is on same transverse axis; The king top has the cross shift fork to stir the transverse axis rotation; Feed hopper is suitable for reading rounded, and the neighboring of lower end is two or more feed openings, and there are two toothed rollers at each feed opening place, and whole feed hopper is fixed on the transverse axis; It on the plane of mounting the annular mould that has the polylith fan-shaped mould to combine; There is driving lever and the hairbrush that rotates with king annular mould below, and the annular that is fixed on the housing connects dish; The lower end of motor, reductor, gear and king is installed on the base; The arc-shaped door of sealing is housed on the shell of cylindrical shell; Cylinder top is a conveyer belt.

2. according to claim 1.B, biomass briquette grain forming method and equipment is characterized in that muller is the bigger cylinder of diameter of steel casting, and there is annular groove in the outside, and the muller mounted in pairs is in the transverse axis two ends, and the arcwall face of putting forth effort has Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct.

3. according to claim 1.B, biomass briquette grain forming method and equipment, the top that it is characterized in that king is a foursquare cross shift fork, is connected as a single entity with king, and the cross notch is darker, and groove width and transverse axis thickness match.

4. according to claim 1.B, biomass briquette grain forming method and equipment, it is characterized in that feed hopper is installed on the transverse axis between the muller, suitable for reading is big circular port, and the centre is the cone radome fairing, a toothed roller is respectively arranged before and after the feed opening place of bottom, previous is can move forward and backward the unsettled of adjusting to take turns, back one be can be up and down the wheel that presses, contact with mould, be feed opening between two rollers, form the autofeed homogenizing device.

5. according to claim 1.B, biomass briquette grain forming method and equipment is characterized in that annular mould is the bigger planar annular that has the polylith fan-shaped mould to combine, its nib one-tenth bell mouth shape suitable for reading, and be arranged in order several weeks on the mould, width is bigger, One's name is legion.

6. according to claim 1.B, biomass briquette grain forming method and equipment, it is characterized in that driving lever and be printed with screw clamp being fixed on the vertical shaft, the length all external diameter with annular mould is identical, annular connects all gradient edge inside and outside the dish, form the wide narrow annular groove of going to the bottom suitable for reading, hairbrush contacts with groove floor, and width is identical.

7. according to claim 1.B, biomass briquette grain forming method and equipment is characterized in that motor, reductor, gear, king constitute the power transmission assembly.

8. according to claim 1.B, biomass briquette grain forming method and equipment it is characterized in that arc-shaped door is identical with the radian of cylindrical shell, and on same cambered surface, side seam seal.

9. according to claim 1.B, biomass briquette grain forming method and equipment is characterized in that the material loading charging finished by conveyer belt.