CN102194364B - Teaching training table for alternating-current variable-frequency multi-unit air conditioning unit - Google Patents
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- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 26
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及教学用具领域，更具体地说，涉及一种交流变频多联空调机组教学训练台。The invention relates to the field of teaching appliances, and more specifically relates to a teaching and training platform for AC frequency conversion multi-connected air-conditioning units.
背景技术 Background technique
交流变频多联空调可根据环境温度自动选择制热、制冷和除湿运转方式，使居室在短时间内迅速达到所需要的温度并在低转速、低能耗状态下以较小的温差波动，实现了快速、节能和舒适控温效果。交流变频多联空调机组因其节能和舒适而被广泛的使用，但变频技术令到整个电气控制***复杂，配合变频能力调节的制冷管道控制***也相对复杂。随着使用时间的增加，整机性能下降以及隐蔽故障大大上升。The AC variable frequency multi-connected air conditioner can automatically select the heating, cooling and dehumidification operation modes according to the ambient temperature, so that the living room can quickly reach the required temperature in a short time and fluctuate with a small temperature difference under the condition of low speed and low energy consumption. Fast, energy-saving and comfortable temperature control effect. AC frequency conversion multi-connected air conditioners are widely used because of their energy saving and comfort, but the frequency conversion technology complicates the entire electrical control system, and the refrigeration pipeline control system with frequency conversion capacity adjustment is also relatively complicated. As the usage time increases, the performance of the whole machine decreases and the hidden faults increase greatly.
产生故障原因有多种情况，如：电路控制板设计复杂、主控板过热、复杂的配管设计、变频压缩机不断地提速或减速等，由于交流变频多联空调机组电气***复杂，故障产生的原因分析需要专业人员进行排查，而目前，交流变频多联空调机维修技术掌握跟不上、大部分的技术服务人员缺乏核心技能的掌握，其隐蔽的故障无法排除，导致制冷/热效果变差。而企业对性能下降也缺乏***研究。鉴于变频空调***构造复杂，技术服务人员学习其工作原理和准确故障判断的技巧具有相当难度，而目前还没有专门的教学用具来解决该困难。There are many reasons for the failure, such as: complex design of the circuit control board, overheating of the main control board, complex piping design, constant speed up or deceleration of the frequency conversion compressor, etc., due to the complexity of the electrical system of the AC frequency conversion multi-connected air conditioner unit, the fault occurs Cause analysis requires professionals to investigate, but at present, the maintenance technology of AC inverter multi-connected air conditioners cannot keep up, most of the technical service personnel lack the mastery of core skills, and hidden faults cannot be eliminated, resulting in poor cooling/heating effects . Enterprises also lack systematic research on performance degradation. In view of the complex structure of the inverter air-conditioning system, it is quite difficult for technical service personnel to learn its working principle and accurate fault diagnosis skills, and there is no special teaching tool to solve this difficulty.
2007年10月24日公开了中国实用新型专利CN200620074785.8(名称为制冷空调多功能试验平台)，该多功能制冷空调试验***由制冷***，空气处理***和控制柜组成。控制柜由制冷***，空气处理***的各用电器件的空气开关，交流接触器，控制中间继电器，控制用高精度调节器，执行器，测量仪表，数据采集器，动态模拟显示低压电路，数据采集和控制用计算机等构成。可以完成如制冷压缩机性能测试，冷水机组性能测试，水-水换热器传热，阻力性能测试等多种教学试验，是一种综合试验平台。但该试验平台主要针对实验室试验研究方面的需求而开发的，它用于各种工况下定量的分析设备和制冷***的情况，分析参数对设备和***运行情况的影响。而对于变频空调多联机的工作原理教学和常见故障的检测和维修知识的教授，则缺乏直观性和演示功能，而且该试验台需要增加各种控制调节仪器设备、数据采集计算机，需要投入大量资金，不能满足专业教学实践的需要。On October 24, 2007, the Chinese utility model patent CN200620074785.8 (named as refrigeration and air conditioning multifunctional test platform) was published. The multifunctional refrigeration and air conditioning test system consists of a refrigeration system, an air handling system and a control cabinet. The control cabinet consists of refrigeration system, air switch, AC contactor, control intermediate relay, high-precision regulator for control, actuator, measuring instrument, data collector, dynamic analog display low-voltage circuit, data Acquisition and control are composed of computers and the like. It can complete various teaching experiments such as refrigeration compressor performance test, chiller performance test, water-water heat exchanger heat transfer, resistance performance test, etc. It is a comprehensive test platform. However, this test platform is mainly developed for the needs of laboratory test research. It is used to quantitatively analyze the conditions of equipment and refrigeration systems under various working conditions, and analyze the influence of parameters on the operation of equipment and systems. However, for the teaching of the working principle of the inverter air conditioner and the detection and maintenance of common faults, it lacks intuition and demonstration functions, and the test bench needs to add various control and adjustment equipment, data acquisition computers, and requires a lot of investment. , can not meet the needs of professional teaching practice.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明针对现有技术的不足，提供一种用于交流变频多联空调机组制冷原理教学及维修技能综合训练的教学训练台，可实现直观式运行机理学习、运行参数监控、运行状态指示、实时演示、性能跟踪研究等系列训练和实验设计功能，以解决上述现有技术存在的问题。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a teaching and training platform for the teaching of refrigeration principles of AC variable frequency multi-connected air conditioners and the comprehensive training of maintenance skills, which can realize intuitive operation mechanism learning, operation parameter monitoring, operation status indication, real-time A series of training and experimental design functions such as demonstration and performance tracking research to solve the problems of the above-mentioned existing technologies.
本发明采用的技术方案是：一种交流变频多联空调机组教学训练台，由交流变频多联空调机组和操控训练台组成，交流变频多联空调机组包括制冷***、电控***和空气换热***，制冷***由变频压缩机、定频压缩机、主四通阀、辅助四通阀、冷凝器、节流部件、多联室内机组组成，电控***包括传感器、主控板、变频控制器和多个电器执行机构，空气换热系由室内高静压风管换热***、室内低静压风管换热***、软风管换热***、室外换热***等，其特征在于：在所述操控训练台的正面印制有制冷***管道结构图及换热***示意图，在操控训练台的正面安装有显示实时参数值的热力参数仪表和电量参数仪表。The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a teaching and training platform for AC frequency conversion multi-connected air conditioner unit, which is composed of AC frequency conversion multi-connected air conditioner unit and a control training platform. System, the refrigeration system is composed of variable frequency compressor, fixed frequency compressor, main four-way valve, auxiliary four-way valve, condenser, throttling parts, multi-connected indoor unit, and the electric control system includes sensor, main control board, frequency conversion controller And multiple electrical actuators, the air heat exchange system consists of indoor high static pressure air duct heat exchange system, indoor low static pressure air duct heat exchange system, soft air duct heat exchange system, outdoor heat exchange system, etc., which are characterized in that: The front of the control training platform is printed with a refrigeration system pipeline structure diagram and a schematic diagram of the heat exchange system, and a thermal parameter instrument and an electric quantity parameter instrument displaying real-time parameter values are installed on the front of the control training platform.
上述的交流变频多联空调机组教学训练台，在所述操控训练台设置运行模式转换开关，包括连接空调机组的真实运行模式和脱离空调机组的仿真运行模式，在操控训练台上还设有可调的参数模拟器；在真实运行模式，空调机组的传感器与主控板输入端口连接；在仿真运行模式，参数模拟器与主控板输入端口连接，且主控板的输出端口断开与空调机组电器执行机构的连接。The above-mentioned AC frequency conversion multi-connected air-conditioning unit teaching and training platform is equipped with an operation mode switch on the control training platform, including the real operation mode connected to the air-conditioning unit and the simulated operation mode detached from the air-conditioning unit. In the real operation mode, the sensor of the air conditioning unit is connected to the input port of the main control board; in the simulation operation mode, the parameter simulator is connected to the input port of the main control board, and the output port of the main control board is disconnected from the air conditioner Connection of electrical actuators of the unit.
上述的交流变频多联空调机组教学训练台，在所述操控训练台设置多个电器执行机构的故障设置开关，所述故障设置开关与相应的电器执行机构串联连接。In the teaching and training platform for AC frequency conversion multi-connected air-conditioning units described above, a plurality of fault setting switches of electrical actuators are arranged on the control training platform, and the fault setting switches are connected in series with corresponding electrical actuators.
上述的交流变频多联空调机组教学训练台，在所述操控训练台正面的制冷***管道结构图和空气换热示意图上的多个电器执行机构旁设有电信号测量点，所述电信号测量点由空调机组上相应的电器执行机构电路上引出。The above-mentioned AC frequency conversion multi-connected air-conditioning unit teaching and training platform is equipped with electrical signal measurement points next to the plurality of electrical actuators on the refrigeration system pipeline structure diagram and air heat exchange schematic diagram on the front of the control training platform, and the electrical signal measurement points The points are drawn from the corresponding electrical actuator circuit on the air conditioning unit.
上述的交流变频多联空调机组教学训练台，所述电控***还包括防雷击滤波装置。In the teaching and training platform of the above-mentioned AC frequency conversion multi-connected air-conditioning unit, the electric control system further includes a lightning protection filter device.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1)本发明的交流变频多联空调机组教学训练台以非常直观的方式展示了制冷***和风***的原理及结构和工作流程，为工程技术人员和售后服务人员提供了良好的变频多联空调机组技术综合学习和训练手段，并可以对变频多联空调机组的性能进行实验跟踪研究。1) The teaching and training platform of the AC variable frequency multi-connected air conditioner unit of the present invention shows the principle, structure and work flow of the refrigeration system and the wind system in a very intuitive way, and provides a good frequency conversion multi-connected air conditioner unit for engineering technicians and after-sales service personnel. Technology comprehensive learning and training means, and can carry out experimental tracking research on the performance of frequency conversion multi-connected air conditioning units.
2)该教学训练台还可实现联机和仿真两种运行模式切换、状态参数与电参数显示及检测、故障设置等功能，教学训练台信号演示精确，故障设置、信号测量、运行指示均符合各项设计要求，达到了对制冷***、管道控制上的多类电磁阀、电子膨胀阀开度实时演示、风***、内外机连接方式等交流变频技术进行训练学习的设计要求，并可以对整机性能数据进行研究分析。2) The teaching and training platform can also realize the switching between online and simulation operation modes, the display and detection of status parameters and electrical parameters, and fault setting. It meets the design requirements for training and learning of AC frequency conversion technology such as refrigeration system, multi-type solenoid valves on pipeline control, real-time demonstration of electronic expansion valve opening, wind system, and connection mode of internal and external machines. Performance data for research and analysis.
3)本教学训练台结构简单、原理直观，特别适用于针对一般理工科学生而进行的实验教学。3) The teaching and training platform has a simple structure and intuitive principles, and is especially suitable for experimental teaching for general science and engineering students.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明的交流变频多联空调机组教学训练台连接示意图；Fig. 1 is the connection schematic diagram of the teaching and training platform of the AC frequency conversion multi-connected air conditioner unit of the present invention;
图2是图1所示的操控训练台结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the control training platform shown in Fig. 1;
图3是图2所示的操控训练台制冷***管路结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the pipeline structure of the refrigeration system of the control training platform shown in Fig. 2;
图4与图1所示的电控训练台印制示意图。Figure 4 and the printed schematic diagram of the electric control training platform shown in Figure 1 .
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.
如图1--4所示，变频多联空调机组教学训练台的主机1与操控训练台2、电控训练台3相连接。在主机内安装变频压缩机、定频压缩机、主四通阀、辅助四通阀、冷凝器、节流部件、多联室内机组，电控***的传感器和各个电器执行机构安装在主机1上，电控***的主控板、变频控制器、防雷击滤波装置及部分电气元件(变压器、风机电容、继电器、交流接触器等电控元件)安装在电控训练台3上。在操控训练台2的正面印制有制冷***管道结构流程图和风***示意图11，并在操控训练台的正面安装有三相电流表、220V电源电流表、三相电源电压表、220V电源电压表、室内环境温度表、室外环境温度表与冷凝器出口温度表、定频压机排气温度表、变频压机排气温度表、室内蒸发器出口、中部温度表、以及显示制冷***压力值的高压压力表、低压压力表等。上述的仪表安装在仪表区12内并均显示实时参数值的热力参数仪表和电量参数仪表。As shown in Figures 1-4, the
如图2所示，在操控训练台2的正面上，设有设障区13、真实与仿真运行模式转换操作区15、模拟参数设置区14。在模式转换操作区内设有设置运行模式转换开关，在模拟参数设置区内设置可人工调整参数值的参数模拟器，在真实运行模式，主机1内的传感器与电控训练台3上的主控板输入端口连接；当运行模式转换开关在仿真运行模式状态时，参数模拟器与主控板输入端口连接，且主控板的输出端口断开与主机1内的电器执行机构的连接。模拟设置的参数包括：冷凝器出口管温度、室外环境温度、室内环境温度、变频压机排气温度、定频压机排气温度、室内蒸发器出口管温、室内蒸发器中部管温等。在模拟工作状态下，操控训练台的各执行机构工作状态显示灯连接电路板的输出端口，主控板处理模拟信号并输出控制信号给各执行机构工作状态显示灯，由显示灯表示在模拟状态下，执行机构的工作状态。为了加强空调机组故障排查的训练，在操控训练台2设置多个电器执行机构的故障设置开关，并设有关键的电器执行机构的电信号测量点16，电信号测量点由空调机组上相应的电器执行机构电路上引出，电信号测量点设在制冷***管道结构图上的图示的电器执行机构旁。例如，当打开辅助四通阀ST2的故障设置开关时，辅助四通阀ST2断电，制冷剂的流向不能选择和转换，且不能检测到辅助四通阀ST2的电信号值。学生通过故障设置的训练，可迅速提高现场处理问题的能力。As shown in FIG. 2 , on the front of the
如图3所示，本发明的交流变频多联空调机组制冷***的制冷工作过程如下：定频/变频压缩机排气→主四通阀ST1→辅助四通阀ST2(可供选择流向两个冷凝器)→冷凝器→单向阀→消音器→电子膨胀阀→消音器→储液管→分歧管→多联室内机组→EXV3节流部件→蒸发器→主四通阀ST1→压缩机；当***制热时，主四通阀ST1改变管道流向，使从压缩机出来的高温制冷剂先流向多联室内机组，再经过节流、在室外冷凝器内蒸发、回到压缩机。As shown in Figure 3, the refrigeration working process of the refrigeration system of the AC variable frequency multi-connected air conditioner unit of the present invention is as follows: constant frequency/variable frequency compressor exhaust → main four-way valve ST1 → auxiliary four-way valve ST2 (optional flow to two Condenser)→condenser→one-way valve→muffler→electronic expansion valve→muffler→liquid storage pipe→branch pipe→multi-connected indoor unit→EXV3 throttling part→evaporator→main four-way valve ST1→compressor; When the system is heating, the main four-way valve ST1 changes the flow direction of the pipeline, so that the high-temperature refrigerant from the compressor flows to the multi-connected indoor unit first, and then goes through throttling, evaporates in the outdoor condenser, and returns to the compressor.
如图4，在电控训练台3的正面上印制室外机主控板31、室内机主控板32、防雷击滤波装置33、变频控制器34等电控元件的连接接线图，并在相应的位置上安装上述的电气元器件，在看板的右侧设置示波器36，示波器的下方设置执行机构状态显示区35，在该区域内装有变频压缩机、定频压缩机、多个电磁阀、主四通阀、辅助四通阀等多个关键部件的工作状态显示灯，使各部件的实时运行状态一目了然。As shown in Figure 4, on the front of the electric
本发明针对交流变频多联空调机组的制冷***原理的教学，通过绘制***结构管路走向的路线图，使学生直观认识制冷和制热工作状态的制冷剂走向，从而让学生自行通过学习实践进行读取和判断，培养学生的动手能力，提升技能，熟悉了设备结构。本发明的教学训练台可以在操控训练台上进行仿真操作、远程控制真实运行两种模式，并实现信号测量、负荷调节实时演示、故障设置等***综合学习、训练和实验设计功能，还可利用本训练台对变频多联空调机组的工作原理和电控原理进行深入的研究，功能强大，实用性强。The present invention aims at the teaching of the principle of the refrigeration system of the AC variable-frequency multi-connected air-conditioning unit. By drawing the road map of the system structure pipeline direction, the students can intuitively understand the direction of the refrigerant in the working state of refrigeration and heating, so that the students can learn and practice by themselves. Reading and judging, cultivate students' hands-on ability, improve skills, and become familiar with the equipment structure. The teaching and training platform of the present invention can carry out two modes of simulation operation and remote control real operation on the control training platform, and realize system comprehensive learning, training and experimental design functions such as signal measurement, load adjustment real-time demonstration, and fault setting. This training platform conducts in-depth research on the working principle and electric control principle of the frequency conversion multi-connected air conditioner unit, with powerful functions and strong practicability.
作为另一种简单化的实施方式，当仅作制冷***教学使用时，在上述实施例的基础上，将显示制冷***结构的操控训练台直接与主机连接，而将电控训练台的主控板、变频控制器、防雷击滤波装置及部分电气元件(变压器、风机电容、继电器、交流接触器等电气元件)放回到主机内，从而减少***的接线，节省训练台的占用空间，减少设备成本。As another simplified implementation mode, when it is only used for refrigeration system teaching, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the control training platform that displays the structure of the refrigeration system is directly connected to the host, and the main control station of the electric control training platform Board, frequency conversion controller, anti-lightning filter device and some electrical components (transformer, fan capacitor, relay, AC contactor and other electrical components) are put back into the main engine, thereby reducing the wiring of the system, saving the space occupied by the training platform, and reducing equipment cost.
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| CN102184672B (en) * | 2011-05-29 | 2013-04-17 | 顺德职业技术学院 | Digital vortex multi-connected air conditioner refrigerating system teaching training station |
| CN102610156B (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2014-04-16 | 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | High-speed motor train unit air-conditioner debugging operation skill training system and control method |
| CN104637385B (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2017-12-22 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Air conditioner and its function presentation method |
| CN104655437A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-05-27 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air conditioner simulation equipment |
| CN107204147B (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2019-06-14 | 星际（重庆）智能装备技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of Fresh air handling units and air-conditioner set demonstration monitoring experiment device based on ARM |
| CN113531773B (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-11-15 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | Multi-connected air conditioner fault detection method and device and multi-connected air conditioner |
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| US3934356A (en) * | 1972-10-10 | 1976-01-27 | G. M. Brooks Industries, Inc. | Teaching aid for air conditioning apparatus |
| CN1487247A (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2004-04-07 | 上海交通大学 | Fault Simulation and Diagnosis System for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Units |
| CN201207246Y (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2009-03-11 | 淄博职业学院 | Air-conditioner training device |
| CN201667145U (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-12-08 | 天津圣纳科技有限公司 | Automobile air conditioner system teaching and practical training platform |
| CN202075911U (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2011-12-14 | 顺德职业技术学院 | Alternating-current variable-frequency multi-connected air conditioning unit teaching training platform |
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| US3934356A (en) * | 1972-10-10 | 1976-01-27 | G. M. Brooks Industries, Inc. | Teaching aid for air conditioning apparatus |
| CN1487247A (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2004-04-07 | 上海交通大学 | Fault Simulation and Diagnosis System for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Units |
| CN201207246Y (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2009-03-11 | 淄博职业学院 | Air-conditioner training device |
| CN201667145U (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-12-08 | 天津圣纳科技有限公司 | Automobile air conditioner system teaching and practical training platform |
| CN202075911U (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2011-12-14 | 顺德职业技术学院 | Alternating-current variable-frequency multi-connected air conditioning unit teaching training platform |
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