A kind of preparation method of northern Chinese caterpillar fungus paddy food
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that adopts solid fermentation method to produce northern Chinese caterpillar fungus paddy food.
Background technology
Northern Chinese caterpillar Fungus (being called for short northern Chinese caterpillar fungus) is also named Cordyceps militaris, belongs to the Clavicipitaceae Cordyceps, belongs to xenogenesis together with Cordyceps sinensis, is a kind of medicinal fungi of preciousness.Chinese caterpillar fungus is lower for the requirement of growing environment in north, liquid fermentation can form mycelium, artificial extensive solid culture can obtain fructification, medical value similar (Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide of northern Chinese caterpillar fungus and cordycepic acid to the Cordyceps sinensis that has won fame both at home and abroad, suitable with the content of natural cordyceps, content of cordycepin is 35 times of natural cordyceps).Along with development of science and technology, people have reached brand-new stage to the development and use of northern Chinese caterpillar fungus, multiple northern Cordyceps occurred, and still, northern Chinese caterpillar Fungus should not arbitrarily add in food as medicinal material.
And along with growth in the living standard, people are more and more higher to the requirement of the nutrition of food and function, the paddy that occurs composition such as many interpolations health care medicinal materials thus, the patent 200410015616.7 of University Of Science and Technology Of Tianjin provides a kind of solid state fermentation to produce the method for ferment rice bran, edible bacteriums such as glossy ganoderma are inoculated in the rice bran, make foods such as rice bran soymilk powder, thereby improve the nutritional labeling of rice bran; Patent 98103039.4 " preparation method of Chinese caterpillar fungus health food " also is that liquid spawn is inserted in rice or the wheat broth, but foregoing invention is not carried out strictness control to cultural hypha and seeded process, is difficult to satisfy the great attention of current society for food security.
Summary of the invention
The solid fermentation preparation method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of northern Chinese caterpillar fungus paddy, the requirement of food security is satisfied in short production cycle, the constant product quality of this method, no any pollution.
Concrete technical scheme is as follows: will be inoculated in the paddy through soaking, sterilizing through the northern Chinese caterpillar fungus liquid seeds liquid of Liquid Culture, the solid fermentation method that adopts dark, bright chamber to replace prepares northern Chinese caterpillar fungus fermentation paddy.
1, northern cordyceps species inclined-plane cultivation
Northern cordyceps species is inoculated on slant medium, under 24~27 ℃ temperature, cultivated the consisting of of its slant medium 3~6 days: dehydrated potato powder 13~18%, corn flour 0.5~9%, wheat bran 0~10%, glucose 1~2.5%, peptone 0.2~0.5%, yeast extract 0.3~0.8%, magnesium sulfate 0.1~0.3%, Cobastab
10~0.02%, agar 2.5~3%, skimmed milk power 1~2%, the pH value of control culture medium is 5~7.5, preferred 5~7, ideal situation is 6.5.
Discover that glucose is as the important component of growth, consumption should not surpass 2.5%, and the too high meeting of concentration of glucose causes the osmotic pressure of solution too high, and the moisture in the bacterial classification precipitate in the solution, causes bacterium cell death; The present invention adopts dehydrated potato powder, corn flour, wheat bran and glucose that carbon source is provided, and milk powder and yeast extract replenish nitrogenous source, and the optimum content of carbon source, nitrogenous source is a dehydrated potato powder 14~16%, corn flour 5~8%, wheat bran 3~8%, glucose 2~2.5%, yeast extract 0.5~0.8%; Peptone is rich in amino acid, adds the energy for growth that peptone improves bacterial classification, and its content is preferably 0.4~0.5%.In addition, in culture medium, add Cobastab
1Can make the sturdy of mycelial growth, because Cobastab in the wheat bran
1Content is higher, as not adding wheat bran, can select to add Cobastab
10~0.02%; Vitamin E promotes growing of mycelia, also can add 0.02~0.04% vitamin E promotion bacterial classification growth in ideal conditions.
The growth of bacterial classification also needs mineral matter element, for example iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, copper etc.The present invention adds the elements such as phosphorus, iron and other vitamin that the skimmed milk power that is rich in a large amount of trace elements provides growth to need, and its addition is 1~2%, is preferably 1~1.5%.
Temperature is for the bigger factor of the growth effect of bacterial classification, and generally speaking, temperature is high more, and mycelial growth is fast more, but growth should not store polysaccharide soon, does not advise that temperature is higher than 27 ℃, and under the lower situation of temperature, bacterial classification can stop growing.Therefore, suitable temperature is 24~27 ℃, and preferred optimum growth temp is 26.5~27 ℃.
2, the cultivation of northern Chinese caterpillar fungus liquid seeds liquid
Get a certain amount of slant medium and cultivate the northern cordyceps species of activation, receive fluid nutrient medium, under 24~27 ℃ temperature, cultivated 5~10 days, and made northern Chinese caterpillar fungus liquid spawn, the consisting of of fluid nutrient medium: potato 18~22%, glucose 1~2.5%, skimmed milk power 0.1~0.5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.01~0.06%, magnesium sulfate 0~0.3%.
3, paddy and water were soaked in fermentation tank 2 hours according to the ratio of 2:1~6:1, then at 115~130 ℃ of temperature, 1.1Kg/cm
2Under the pressure, sterilized 15~30 minutes, wait to inoculate after being cooled to normal temperature.
4, with cultured northern Chinese caterpillar fungus liquid seeds liquid, receive on the sterilization paddy by 10~22% inoculum concentration, carry out dark, the bright solid fermentation that replaces.Lucifuge was cultivated 5~10 days under 24~27 ℃ of conditions, cultivated under illumination condition 10~20 days then, at room temperature carried out drying with natural wind at last, reached about 8-10% up to moisture.
5, further be processed into paddy food.
Through the northern Chinese caterpillar fungus liquid seeds liquid of inclined-plane cultivation and Liquid Culture, preferably receive in the sterilization paddy by 15~20% inoculum concentration, alternately cultivate in darkroom and bright chamber, carry out solid fermentation.After the fermentation ends, carry out air dry, its moisture is reached about 9%.
Bacterial classification production of the present invention is carried out in strict accordance with the sterile working rules, the quality of culture medium raw material and additive detects through strict, the cereal that uses is through high-temperature sterilization, and sweat is got rid of assorted bacterium and noxious pollutant disturbs, thereby makes northern Chinese caterpillar fungus fermentation cereal possess good edible safety.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Preparing northern Chinese caterpillar fungus rice step by solid fermentation method describes.
1, northern cordyceps species inclined-plane cultivation
Northern cordyceps species is inoculated on slant medium, under 26.5~27 ℃ temperature, cultivated 3~6 days, the consisting of of its slant medium: dehydrated potato powder 15%, corn flour 6%, wheat bran 3%, glucose 2.5%, peptone 0.3%, yeast extract 0.8%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, Cobastab
10.02%, agar 2%, skimmed milk power 2%, the pH value of control culture medium is 6.5.
2, the cultivation of northern Chinese caterpillar fungus liquid seeds liquid
Get a certain amount of slant medium and cultivate the northern cordyceps species of activation, receive fluid nutrient medium, under 24~27 ℃ temperature, cultivated 7 days, and made northern Chinese caterpillar fungus liquid spawn, the consisting of of fluid nutrient medium: potato 22%, glucose 2.5%, skimmed milk power 0.5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.01%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%.
3, rice and water were soaked in fermentation tank 2 hours according to the ratio of 5:1, then at 121 ℃ of temperature, 1.1Kg/cm
2Under the pressure, sterilized 30 minutes, wait to inoculate after being cooled to behind the normal temperature.
4, with cultured northern Chinese caterpillar fungus liquid seeds liquid, receive on the sterilization paddy by 15% inoculum concentration, carry out dark, the bright solid fermentation that replaces.Lucifuge was cultivated 10 days under 24~27 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 15 days under illumination condition then, at room temperature carried out drying with natural wind at last, made its moisture reach 10%.
Embodiment 2
Preparing northern Chinese caterpillar fungus rice bran step by solid fermentation method describes.
1, northern cordyceps species inclined-plane cultivation
Northern cordyceps species is inoculated on slant medium, under 26.5~27 ℃ temperature, cultivated 5 days, consisting of of its slant medium: dehydrated potato powder 18%, corn flour 0.5%, wheat bran 10%, glucose 2.5%, peptone 0.4%, yeast extract 0.6%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, vitamin E 0.02%, agar 3%, skimmed milk power 2%, the pH value of control culture medium is 6.
2, the cultivation of northern Chinese caterpillar fungus liquid seeds liquid
Get a certain amount of slant medium and cultivate the northern cordyceps species of activation, receive fluid nutrient medium, under 25~26.5 ℃ temperature, cultivated 7 days, and made northern Chinese caterpillar fungus liquid spawn, the consisting of of fluid nutrient medium: potato 22%, glucose 2.5%, skimmed milk power 0.5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.01%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%.
3, rice bran and water were soaked in fermentation tank 2 hours according to the ratio of 6:1, then at 115 ℃ of temperature, 1.1Kg/cm
2Under the pressure, sterilized 30 minutes, wait to inoculate after being cooled to behind the normal temperature.
4, with cultured northern Chinese caterpillar fungus liquid seeds liquid, receive on the sterilization paddy by 22% inoculum concentration, carry out dark, the bright solid fermentation that replaces.Lucifuge was cultivated 10 days under 25~26.5 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 15 days under illumination condition then, at room temperature carried out drying with natural wind at last, made its moisture reach 10%.
5, the further processing of northern Chinese caterpillar fungus rice bran is added in the cereal preparation.