CN100394835C - Tillage method for drought-resistant and fertilizer-containing corn - Google Patents
Tillage method for drought-resistant and fertilizer-containing corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN100394835C CN100394835C CNB2006100166303A CN200610016630A CN100394835C CN 100394835 C CN100394835 C CN 100394835C CN B2006100166303 A CNB2006100166303 A CN B2006100166303A CN 200610016630 A CN200610016630 A CN 200610016630A CN 100394835 C CN100394835 C CN 100394835C
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to farmland tillage management, which is a novel corn tillage method with drought resistance, seed protection, wind erosion protection, weed eradication and high yield; the present invention is especially suitable for planting corn in subhumid and subarid dry farming and rained farming agricultural regions in Northeast. The present invention comprises autumn land preparation and spring furrow seedling; after additional fertilizer application in a big bell mouth period, furrows are changed to be hills. The present invention can make the furrows accommodate more autumn and winter precipitation after the autumn land preparation, and the water content of soil is increased to satisfy the requirements of the germination of sowing seeds in spring furrows and the settlement of seedlings; sowing is carried out in shallow ridges of the spring furrows to reduce soil erosion; after the furrows are changed to be the hills, the earth covering depth of the fertilizers and the corn roots can be increased, the effect of the fertilizer protection is increased, the layers of supporting roots are added, the performance of the water absorption and the fertilizer absorption of plants are increased, and the yield of seeds of the corn is increased; in intertillage management, the hills can be broken to cover earth for the furrows so as to achieve the purpose of turning and pressing weeds. The present invention has the advantages of simple operation, easy popularization and capability of obtaining good economic and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to farming operation management, be specifically related to that northeast is half moistening, the corn methods of cultivation of semiarid agricultural region.
Technical background
Temperate zone, northeast half moistening, semi-arid climate type, annual precipitation 300-500mm, average out to 419.8mm, 60-70% concentrate on 6-8 month.Year evaporation discharge 1600mm is about 3.5 times of precipitation.Spring, arid was short of rain, much wind weather, and annual mean wind speed 4.8m/s, maximum mean wind speed appears at April, and minimum windspeed appears at August.The zonal soil type is chernozem and chestnut soil, and azonal soil is aeolian sandy soil and saline soil.
Many reclamation of wasteland grassland, this zone is the farmland, and the conventional tillage mode is whole ground in spring, ridge platform kind plant.Spring precipitation is few, and some areas are to hit by drought 9 years out of 10, and again on the occasion of the strong wind phase in spring, early spring, the evaporation of soil moisture certainly will be accelerated in whole ground, and the soil loss of moisture is serious, and is totally unfavorable to sowing in spring; Because the farmland topsoil is loose, has increased the weight of the soil erosion; Arable land topsoil, particularly plasma are swept by strong wind, make it to become the dirt source; Fertile topsoil is eroded, and soil fertility is descended greatly; At ridge platform upper seeding wheel, running into the strong wind weather seed can be scraped, and occurs being short of seedling, shoot-breaking phenomenon.Corn is that this distinguishes main raise crop, and flowering stage and milk ripe stage are critical period of water requirement, and water requirement is big, but local area precipitation in summer abundance can guarantee growth needs substantially.Though corn water requirement in seedling stage is little, this phase precipitation is the key period of moisture seldom.Therefore how to increase the soil moisture content in early spring, reduce moisture loss, increasing emergence rate is the key that solves the spring sowing problem.
Make full use of natural rainfall, improving water use efficiency is one of key issue of rainfed farming research.China to evaporating as increasing soil water storage, reducing by cultivation step, enriches fertilizer in the arid and semi-arid area at present, and agronomic measures such as water-saving irrigation improve the water use efficiency aspect and carried out a large amount of research.Concrete measure can be built terraced fields by leveling land, and utilizes kiln cellar for storing things afflux rainwater etc., fully saves limited precipitation; Utilize suppression soil, soverlay techniques such as mulch film, stalk reduce the invalid of soil moisture to greatest extent and scatter and disappear; By enriching fertilizer, spray various growth regulators, improve crop water utilization ratio and output.But these methods all need the peasant that corresponding economic the input arranged, and have increased production cost, have increased the pollution to the soil.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of corn methods of cultivation of half moistening northeastward, semiarid agricultural region.
Technical solution of the present invention comprises following process:
Autumn whole ground: October 20 was implemented stubble-cleaning, ridging and suppression before freeze-up after the annual autumn harvest.
Furrow sowing in spring: sowing before and after the May 1 in every year.In the serious time of spring drought, sit water in the furrow, apply fertilizer, sow, earthing 5cm once finishes.As in the more time of spring precipitation, but apply fertilizer in the furrow, sow, earthing 5cm once finishes.
The intertillage management: the typhon mouth phase imposes chemical fertilizer between the furrow milpa, break original ridge platform then, gives the furrow earthing, makes original furrow become the ridge platform.
Field management: early stage, seedling management, whole growth phase weeds management, later stage stalk were identical with the conventional tillage mode with grain harvest.
If happen much wind weather in sowing time, and precipitation is few, can suitably postpone sowing date is on May-20 on the 10th.If a precipitation process reaches 10mm before and after May 1, sowing at once can be sat water.In the plot that does not have shelter forest, whole ground of autumn is stubble-cleaning not, toothing 10-15cm, and dark time furrow, control ridge height is 18-20cm.
The present invention mainly produces following beneficial effect:
(1) the more autumn and winter precipitation of autumn whole ground furrow receivability increases soil moisture content; It is less to break ground when sow for spring, has reduced water and soil loss.
When (2) the typhon mouth phase topdressed, ridging became the ridge platform with furrow, the thickness of earth-fill cover of thickening fertilizer and corn root, and the fertilizer efficiency fruit is protected in raising, has increased the number of plies of nodose root, improves the ability of plant suction, fertilizer, thereby has improved output.
(3) during middle term management, break the ridge platform and can play for the furrow earthing to turn over the purpose of pressing weeds.
(4) method is simple, easily promotes, and can obtain better economic, ecological benefits.
Embodiment
The concrete implementation step of the present invention is as follows:
(1) autumn wholely: after autumn harvest finishes, before annual October 20 is extremely freeze-up, adopt farm tractor suspension stubble cleaner to implement stubble-cleaning, three-share mounted plough breaks former ridge platform and beats the ridge then, and control ridge height is 18-20cm, uses packer to suppress the ridge platform at last; (2) furrow sowing in spring: sowing before and after the May 1 in every year, use the farm tractor front-axle beam to hang plough, left wing is fertilizer applicator fixedly, right flank is dibbler fixedly, trailer loads the drought resisting tube, and " V " type covering device in tow behind the trailer is driven tractor and advanced on the platform of ridge, regulate the plough height, in furrow, open the 8-10cm shallow ridges; Regulate fertilizer applicator, make the uniform broadcasting of phosphoric acid diamino in ditch, control fertilizing amount flow velocity makes its fertilizing amount reach 230-250 kilogram/hectare; Regulate drought resisting tube water valve, sit water in shallow ridges, it is 40-45 ton/hectare that the water yield is sat in control; Dibbling in the shallow ridges of process fertilising and seat water then, every hole dibbling amount is the 2-4 grain, and the hole spacing is about 40cm, and uses " V " covering device earthing, and thickness of earth covering is 4-6cm; (3) intertillage management: manually execute urea between plant in the typhon mouth phase, fertilizing amount is 230-250 kilogram/hectare, uses the operation of tractor three-share mounted plough, break former ridge platform, controlling the new operation furrow degree of depth is 18-20cm, makes former furrow through after the operation, becomes the ridge platform; (4) early stage, seedling management, whole growth phase weeds management, later stage stalk were identical with the conventional tillage mode with grain harvest.
The output contrast of two all method for planting sees Table 1.
The output of table 1 liang all method for planting and tree characteristics contrast
| Output (kg/ha) | Thousand kernel weight (g) | Spike length (cm) | Fringe thick (cm) | |
| Ridge platform plantation | 6147 | 234.6 | 20.92 | 4.4 |
| The furrow plantation | 6661 | 237.3 | 21.19 | 5.1 |
Claims (4)
1. tillage method for drought-resistant and fertilizer-containing corn, its feature comprises: (1) autumn whole ground: after autumn harvest finished, implemented stubble-cleaning before freeze-up annual October 20, breaks former ridge platform with plough and beat the ridge, and control ridge height is 18-20cm, and suppresses the ridge platform; (2) furrow sowing in spring: sowing before and after the May 1 in every year, use the farm tractor front-axle beam to hang plough, left wing is fertilizer applicator fixedly, right flank is dibbler fixedly, trailer loads the drought resisting tube, and " V " type covering device in tow behind the trailer is driven tractor and advanced on the platform of ridge, regulate the plough height, in furrow, open the 8-10cm shallow ridges; Regulate fertilizer applicator, make the uniform broadcasting of phosphoric acid diamino in ditch, control fertilizing amount flow velocity makes its fertilizing amount reach 230-250 kilogram/hectare; Regulate drought resisting tube water valve, sit water in shallow ridges, it is 40-45 ton/hectare that the water yield is sat in control; Dibbling in the shallow ridges of process fertilising and seat water then, every hole dibbling amount is the 2-4 grain, and the hole spacing is about 40cm, and uses " V " covering device earthing, and thickness of earth covering is 4-6cm; (3) intertillage management: manually execute urea between plant in the typhon mouth phase, fertilizing amount is 230-250 kilogram/hectare, uses three turnplow operations, breaks former ridge platform, and controlling the new operation furrow degree of depth is 18-20cm, makes former furrow through after the operation, becomes the ridge platform; (4) early stage, seedling management, whole growth phase weeds management, later stage stalk were identical with the conventional tillage mode with grain harvest.
2. a kind of tillage method for drought-resistant and fertilizer-containing corn as claimed in claim 1, its feature comprises: as in the plot that does not have shelter forest, whole ground of autumn is stubble-cleaning not, toothing 10-15cm, dark time furrow, control ridge height is 18-20cm.
3. a kind of tillage method for drought-resistant and fertilizer-containing corn as claimed in claim 1, its feature comprises: if a precipitation process reaches 10mm before and after May 1, sowing at once can be sat water.
4. a kind of tillage method for drought-resistant and fertilizer-containing corn as claimed in claim 1, its feature comprises: if happen much wind weather in sowing time, and precipitation is few, and can suitably postpone sowing date is on May-20 on the 10th.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006100166303A CN100394835C (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2006-03-02 | Tillage method for drought-resistant and fertilizer-containing corn |
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| CNB2006100166303A CN100394835C (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2006-03-02 | Tillage method for drought-resistant and fertilizer-containing corn |
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| CN1817084A CN1817084A (en) | 2006-08-16 |
| CN100394835C true CN100394835C (en) | 2008-06-18 |
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| CN102726198A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-10-17 | 东北农业大学 | Sub-soiling tillage at different times |
| CN102893790A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-01-30 | 西乡县煜鸣生物科技有限责任公司 | Method for interplanting corns in bighead atractylodes rhizomes in semi-humid and semiarid northern area |
| CN103583180A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-02-19 | 固镇县淮鸿灰天鹅养殖专业合作社 | Drought resistant cultivation method for corn |
| CN103733866A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-04-23 | 安徽科技学院 | Method for sowing corn by pressing with water |
| CN103999660A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-08-27 | 郎溪县十字镇林华粮食种植家庭农场 | Planting technology of maize with high anti-disaster capacity |
| CN104272958B (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-05-25 | 霍艺元 | A kind of corn planting method |
| CN104472196A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-01 | 狄正兴 | Soil-covering drought-resisting seedling-protecting cultivation method for planting corn in wax gourd stubbles |
| CN104429571A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-03-25 | 狄正兴 | Earthing, draught-resisting seedling-protecting cultivation method for autumn planting fresh food corn |
| CN104521511A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-22 | 狄正兴 | Soil covering drought resisting and seedling protecting cultivating method for watermelon stubble corn cultivation |
| CN104521510A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-22 | 狄正兴 | Soil covering drought resisting and seedling protecting cultivating method for melon stubble corn cultivation |
| CN104429573A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-03-25 | 狄正兴 | Earthing, drought resisting and seedling conserving cultivation method for planting corn on spring watermelon crop |
| CN104396557A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-03-11 | 狄正兴 | Pumpkin stubble based corn planting earthing drought-resisting seedling-protecting cultivation method |
| CN104521512A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-22 | 狄正兴 | Soil covering, drought resisting and seedling conserving cultivation method for planting corns among spring bean stubble |
| CN104488527A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-08 | 狄正兴 | Earth-covering drought-resisting seedling-protection farming method for planting soybeans after crop of spring corn stubbles |
| CN104429567A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-03-25 | 狄正兴 | Soil covering, drought resisting and seedling conserving tillage method for tomato crop corn planting |
| CN104521509A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-22 | 狄正兴 | Soil covering, drought resisting and seedling conserving cultivation method for planting corns among spring bean stubble |
| CN104472194A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-01 | 狄正兴 | Soil-covering drought-resisting seedling-protecting cultivation method for planting corn in spring cucumber stubbles |
| CN105794471B (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2018-08-24 | 十堰市农业生态环境保护站 | A method of Topographic factor is prevented by maize intercropping and the root of Dahurain angelica |
| CN107318422A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-11-07 | 冷秀财 | A kind of corn planting method |
| CN107318424A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-11-07 | 冷秀财 | A kind of corn planting method of high yield |
| CN107318423A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-11-07 | 冷秀财 | A kind of corn planting method resistant to lodging |
| CN107223449A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-10-03 | 冷秀财 | A kind of corn planting method of high yield |
| CN107306639A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-03 | 冷秀财 | A kind of corn planting method resistant to lodging |
| CN110226474A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-13 | 山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心 | A kind of water-saving spy moisture in the soil type of seeding of corn |
| CN111758513B (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2022-03-04 | 塔里木大学 | Corn planting method |
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