CN101524026A - High-efficiency cultivation technology for high-quality liquorice - Google Patents
High-efficiency cultivation technology for high-quality liquorice Download PDFInfo
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- CN101524026A CN101524026A CN200910011207A CN200910011207A CN101524026A CN 101524026 A CN101524026 A CN 101524026A CN 200910011207 A CN200910011207 A CN 200910011207A CN 200910011207 A CN200910011207 A CN 200910011207A CN 101524026 A CN101524026 A CN 101524026A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency cultivation technology for high-quality liquorice, which comprises the following steps: Ural licorice which is suitable for growing in a semiarid region is used as a cultivated variety; sandy loam with a deep soil layer is selected, deeply dug, finely raked, fertilized and furrowed; seeds are soaked by mild water, sowed and cultivated into seedlings and the seedlings are transplanted between grain rain and grain in ear in the second year; the liquorice seedings are applied by base fertilizer, cultivated and weeded; the plants recovered from the transplanting after being transplanted for two or three years are applied by farmyard manure, ordinary superphosphate and potassium sulphate and watered if the soil moisture content is bad; and after being transplanted for 3 to 4 years, the plants are harvested by a herbal medicine digger from the last third of September to the beginning of October. The liquorice cultivated by the technology has high content of active ingredients and has acid content of 2.5-3.3 percent, which is increased by 20 percent to 45 percent compared with the acid content of the liquorice of general cultivation, the liquorice conforms to the quality requirement of the liquorice exported to Japan, the liquorice exported to Japan is twice the purchasing price of the liquorice in China, and the liquorice which grows three years after being transplanted has stable output from 500 to 600 kg and has higher economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of culture technique of Chinese medicine, is a kind of culture technique that improves effective liquorice specifically.
Background technology
Radix Glycyrrhizae for perennial leguminous plant Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., is used as medicine with root and root-like stock.Have clearing heat and detoxicatingly, moisten the lung and relieve the cough coordinating the drug actions of a prescription effect, the honey-fried licorice root effect of invigorating the spleen and benefiting qi.Radix Glycyrrhizae is the good plant of checking winds and fixing drifting sand of arid and semi-arid Desert Area, it is very big to vegetation deterioration to excavate Radix Glycyrrhizae, world developed country forbids excavating wild Radix Glycyrrhizae already, China recent years has also been taked strict control measures, therefore the Radix Glycyrrhizae disparities between supply and demand are very outstanding at present, and the artificial cultivation Radix Glycyrrhizae is the road of certainty.
Glycyrrhizic acid content and liquiritin content (Zheng Ali about 4.5% and 2% respectively in the wild Radix Glycyrrhizae, Sun Lan etc.), the Radix Glycyrrhizae culture technique of 3 years per mu yield 300-500kg of planting is at present applied, but conventional cultivation technology so, glycyrrhizic acid content is average below 2% in the Radix Glycyrrhizae of cultivation, liquiritin content majority is below 1%, make Radix Glycyrrhizae of poor quality, do not reach the requirement of Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China standard and outlet, price is low, and economic benefit is difficult to improve, and it is also little that people cultivate the enthusiasm of Radix Glycyrrhizae, therefore, the research of Radix Glycyrrhizae culture technique trends towards the culture technique aspect of high quality and stable yield or good quality and high output.
At present Zhang Yan etc. once studied the influence of nitrogenous fertilizer to growth of Ural Radix Glycyrrhizae and active ingredient, and the result shows to improve and executes nitrogen level glycyrrhizic acid content is had in various degree facilitation; These documents of having reported only limit to promote Radix Glycyrrhizae output and improve the effect of the single measure of quality to the Radix Glycyrrhizae effective ingredient, up to the present also not about improving the comprehensive cultivation step research of glycyrrhizic acid or liquiritin content.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-efficiency cultivation technology for high-quality liquorice, this technology can improve the effective component content of Radix Glycyrrhizae effectively, makes tame hay stable yield and high quality, improves economic worth, improves peasant's income.
Culture technique of the present invention is made up of following steps:
1, kind is selected: the Ural Radix Glycyrrhizae of selecting to be fit to the semiarid zone growth is cooked cultivar;
2, put in order to choosing ground: select soil layer deep, loose fertile, the fertile sandy loam that well-drained sandy loam, particularly detritus layer are thicker is best, ploughs deeply 40 centimetres, carries out meticulous raking, and does furrow;
3, seed treatment: mill one time with rice mill, use emerge in worm water, temperature 30-40 degree, 3 hours, if the above seed imbibition of 80--90% is arranged, then can be used for sowing, if expansion rate is lower than 80%, need mill again once;
4, grow seedlings, sowing: Radix Glycyrrhizae sowing time is between grain rains to Grain in Ear, 12 kilograms/mu of the furrow seeding quantitys of growing seedlings, above-mentioned soil uses sufficient base fertilizer: farmyard manure 3000--3500 kilogram/mu, 7 kilograms/mu of phosphoric acid diamines, good conditions for soil moisture, as soil moisture content more than 13%, need not water 12 centimetres of line-spacings, ditch depth 3-5 centimetre; The seed program request in ditch, earthing 2-3 centimetre, is after planting gently stepped on; Suppression is smashed if any hardening before emerging, and the back of emerging keeps soil moisture content,, sprays 1-2 time below 13% as soil water-containing in good time;
5, transplant: 1 year transplanting phase transplanted 1.8-2 ten thousand strains, and applied fertilizer to the subsoil: 3000 kilograms/mu of farmyard manures, 10 kilograms/mu of phosphoric acid diamines for every mu between grain rains to Grain in Ear; 30 centimetres of line-spacings, 15 centimetres of the trench digging degree of depth are tiltedly put the Radix Glycyrrhizae seedling along ridge, and 5 centimetres of earthing are pushed down the reed head, suppression; Soil moisture content need not be watered more than 13%, and soil moisture content is bad waters.
6, the intertill and clean tillage intertill and clean tillage generally carries out intertill and clean tillage then what emerge, especially wants timely weeding in the seedling phase, tillers since 1 year licorice, and weeds are difficult to and its competition, no longer need intertill and clean tillage;
7, topdress: impose 2000 kilograms/mu of farmyard manures, 20 kilograms/mu of superphosphate, 7 kilograms/mu of potassium sulphates after turning green in second, third year after the transplanting;
8, water: Radix Glycyrrhizae is more drought-enduring, except nursery stage, and unsuitable broad irrigation, it is excessive that more can not water the water yield vegetative period after transplanting, and the general soil water content is watered below 10% on a small quantity; Otherwise growth rate is too fast, can reduce the content of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin;
9, powdery mildew and rust easily take place rainy season in the extermination of disease and insect pest, and available 1: 1: 150 bordeaux mixture sprays; Two spotted spider mite easily takes place in arid season, and the spray of 1000 ~ 1500 times of liquid of available 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate is controlled, and underground pests has cutworm to sting the food rhizome, and 0.5 kilogram of the former medicine of available 90% chlorophos mixes period poison bait for 50 kilograms with bait;
10, gather: at the beginning of 3-4 late September to 10 in autumn after the transplanting month, excavate when cauline leaf is withered on the ground, gather, directly medicine soil is separated, tie into handle, dry with herbal medicine digging device.
The invention has the advantages that: 1, effective component content height, through high effective liquid chromatography for measuring, with culture technique plantation Radix Glycyrrhizae of the present invention, glycyrrhizic acid content 2.5-3.3%, glycyrrhizic acid content improves 20-45% than the content of conventional cultivation, meets the quality requirement of outlet Japan, doubles than domestic purchasing price, transplant the back Radix Glycyrrhizae stable yield in 3 years of growth at every mu of 500-600kg, the economic benefit height.2, because drought-enduring, heat-resisting, salt tolerant alkali of Radix Glycyrrhizae and cold-resistant characteristic, the cultivation management measure is less, the labor savings cost.3, develop Radix Glycyrrhizae, the huge ecological benefits of checking winds and fixing drifting sand in addition in the area that vegetation deterioration seriously begins to desertify.We can say that Radix Glycyrrhizae is less investment, can utilize sandy wasteland and saline land, development Radix Glycyrrhizae to produce with economizing and be well worth doing.
Embodiment
Embodiment
Culture technique of the present invention is made up of following steps:
1, kind is selected: the Ural Radix Glycyrrhizae of selecting to be fit to the semiarid zone growth is cooked cultivar;
2, put in order ground to choosing, select Du Jiadi village, Wengniute Banner end of the bridge town, Chifeng, local meteorological condition: average annual rainfall is 360MM, 6,7, the rainfall in August accounts for the 70-80% of annual rainfall, 6 ℃ of annual mean temperatures, annual 〉=2900 ℃ of 10 ℃ accumulated temperature, spring much wind, annual evaporation discharge 2000MM is greater than precipitation, the selection soil layer is deep, and is loose fertile, the thicker sandy loam of well-drained detritus layer, soil organic matter content is 1.2%, plough deeply 40 centimetres, carry out meticulous raking, do furrow;
3, seed treatment: mill a time with rice mill, steeped 3 hours,, then can be used for sowing if the above seed imbibition of 80--90% is arranged with the water logging of 35 degree;
4, grow seedlings sowing: Radix Glycyrrhizae sowing time between the grain rains to Grain in Ear of the lunar calendar, 12 kilograms/mu of the furrow seeding quantitys of growing seedlings, above-mentioned soil uses sufficient base fertilizer, farmyard manure 3000--3500 kilogram/mu, 7 kilograms/mu of phosphoric acid diamines, soil moisture is lower than 13%, water 12 centimetres of line-spacings, ditch depth 3-5 centimetre; The seed program request in ditch, earthing 2-3 centimetre, is after planting gently stepped on; Suppression is smashed if any hardening before emerging, and the back of emerging keeps soil moisture content, and soil moisture is lower than at 13% o'clock, sprays 1 time in good time;
5, transplant: 1 year transplanting phase transplanted 1.8-2 ten thousand strains for every mu between grain rains to Grain in Ear, apply fertilizer to the subsoil, and 3000 kilograms/mu of farmyard manures, 10 kilograms of phosphoric acid diamines, soil moisture content need not be watered more than 13%, and soil moisture content is bad waters; 30 centimetres of line-spacings, 15 centimetres of the trench digging degree of depth are tiltedly put the Radix Glycyrrhizae seedling along ridge, and 5 centimetres of earthing are pushed down the reed head, suppression;
6, the intertill and clean tillage intertill and clean tillage generally carries out intertill and clean tillage then what emerge, especially wants timely weeding in the seedling phase, tillers since 1 year licorice, and weeds are difficult to and its competition, no longer need intertill and clean tillage;
7, topdress: impose 2000 kilograms/mu of farmyard manures, 20 kilograms/mu of superphosphate, 7 kilograms/mu of potassium sulphates after second, third after the transplanting turned green a year every year;
8, water: Radix Glycyrrhizae is more drought-enduring, except nursery stage, and unsuitable broad irrigation, it is excessive that more can not water the water yield vegetative period after transplanting, otherwise growth rate is too fast, can reduce the content of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin, the 10% following long period of soil moisture content, water on a small quantity; Licorice has root nodule, and nitrogen fixation is arranged, generally nitrogen fertilizer application not;
9, the extermination of disease and insect pest: 7, rainy season in August powdery mildew and rust take place easily, available 1: 1: 150 bordeaux mixture sprays; Two spotted spider mite easily takes place in arid season, and 1000 ~ 1500 times of liquid sprays of available 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate are controlled;
10, gather: at the beginning of 3-4 late September to 10 in autumn after the transplanting month, excavate with herbal medicine digging device when cauline leaf is withered on the ground and gather; Directly medicine soil is separated, tie into handle, dry.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of high-efficiency cultivation technology for high-quality liquorice is characterized in that present technique is made up of following steps:
A, kind are selected: the Ural Radix Glycyrrhizae of selecting to be fit to the semiarid zone growth is cooked cultivar;
Put in order ground to B, choosing: select soil layer deep, loose fertile, the fertile sandy loam that well-drained sandy loam, particularly detritus layer are thicker is best, ploughs deeply 40 centimetres, carries out meticulous raking, and does furrow;
C, seed treatment: mill one time with rice mill, use emerge in worm water, temperature 30-40 degree, 3 hours, if the above seed imbibition of 80--90% is arranged, then can be used for sowing, if expansion rate is lower than 80%, need mill again once;
D, grow seedlings, sowing: Radix Glycyrrhizae sowing time is between grain rains to Grain in Ear, 12 kilograms/mu of the furrow seeding quantitys of growing seedlings, above-mentioned soil uses sufficient base fertilizer: farmyard manure 3000--3500 kilogram/mu, 7 kilograms/mu of phosphoric acid diamines, good conditions for soil moisture, as soil moisture content more than 13%, need not water 12 centimetres of line-spacings, ditch depth 3-5 centimetre; The seed program request in ditch, earthing 2-3 centimetre, is after planting gently stepped on; Suppression is smashed if any hardening before emerging, and the back of emerging keeps soil moisture content,, sprays 1-2 time below 13% as soil water-containing in good time;
E, transplanting: 1 year transplanting phase transplanted 1.8-2 ten thousand strains, and applied fertilizer to the subsoil: 3000 kilograms/mu of farmyard manures, 10 kilograms/mu of phosphoric acid diamines for every mu between grain rains to Grain in Ear; 30 centimetres of line-spacings, 15 centimetres of the trench digging degree of depth are tiltedly put the Radix Glycyrrhizae seedling along ridge, and 5 centimetres of earthing are pushed down the reed head, suppression; Soil moisture content need not be watered more than 13%, and soil moisture content is bad waters.
F, intertill and clean tillage intertill and clean tillage generally carry out intertill and clean tillage then what emerge, especially want timely weeding in the seedling phase, tiller since 1 year licorice, and weeds are difficult to and its competition, no longer need intertill and clean tillage;
G, topdress: impose 2000 kilograms/mu of farmyard manures, 20 kilograms/mu of superphosphate, 7 kilograms/mu of potassium sulphates after turning green in second, third year after the transplanting;
H, water: Radix Glycyrrhizae is more drought-enduring, except nursery stage, and unsuitable broad irrigation, it is excessive that more can not water the water yield vegetative period after transplanting, and the general soil water content is watered below 10% on a small quantity;
When I, the extermination of disease and insect pest powdery mildew and rust took place at rainy season, available 1: 1: 150 bordeaux mixture sprayed; Two spotted spider mite easily takes place in arid season, and the spray of 1000 ~ 1500 times of liquid of available 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate is controlled, and underground pests has cutworm to sting the food rhizome, and 0.5 kilogram of the former medicine of available 90% chlorophos mixes period poison bait for 50 kilograms with bait;
J, gather: at the beginning of 3-4 late September to 10 in autumn after the transplanting month, excavate when cauline leaf is withered on the ground, gather, directly medicine soil is separated, tie into handle, dry with herbal medicine digging device.
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102408266A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2012-04-11 | 山东光大肥业科技有限公司 | Special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for medicinal plant-liquorice and preparation method thereof |
| CN102577779A (en) * | 2011-01-14 | 2012-07-18 | 张孝智 | Method for artificially planting licorice |
| CN102668841A (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2012-09-19 | 新疆康隆农业科技发展有限公司 | Standardized planting technology for liquorice |
| CN103120085A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-05-29 | 陈芳 | Seedling transplantation method of ecological restoration type liquorices |
| CN103202163A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-17 | 塔里木大学 | Method for licorice cultivation by drip irrigation under mulch |
| CN103430728A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-12-11 | 王运海 | Liquorice planting method |
| CN103814751A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-05-28 | 中国药材公司 | Cultivation method for improving maturing rate and yield of liquorice seeds |
| CN104429576A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-03-25 | 邢鹏达 | Liquorice planting method |
| CN104584753A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-05-06 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for improving saline and alkaline land by glycyrrhiza uralensis nodule bacteria |
| CN103918379B (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2015-07-22 | 王进 | Medicine sand priming method for licorice root seeds |
| CN105052505A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-11-18 | 新疆康隆科技股份有限公司 | Liquorice seedling and cultivation method |
| CN105815100A (en) * | 2016-05-28 | 2016-08-03 | 甘肃中医药大学 | Water-saving efficient licorice planting method used in arid desert region |
| CN106472057A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-03-08 | 甘肃巨龙供销（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of method for transplanting of Radix Glycyrrhizae |
| CN109418118A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2019-03-05 | 南京大花滩生物科技有限公司 | A kind of liquorice planting method |
| CN109744117A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-05-14 | 南京大花滩生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Radix Glycyrrhizae |
| CN114128470A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-04 | 中国医学科学院药用植物研究所 | Fertilizing method for improving glycyrrhizic acid content |
-
2009
- 2009-04-16 CN CN200910011207A patent/CN101524026A/en active Pending
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102577779A (en) * | 2011-01-14 | 2012-07-18 | 张孝智 | Method for artificially planting licorice |
| CN102408266A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2012-04-11 | 山东光大肥业科技有限公司 | Special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for medicinal plant-liquorice and preparation method thereof |
| CN103120085B (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2015-05-06 | 陈芳 | Seedling transplantation method of ecological restoration type liquorices |
| CN103120085A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-05-29 | 陈芳 | Seedling transplantation method of ecological restoration type liquorices |
| CN102668841A (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2012-09-19 | 新疆康隆农业科技发展有限公司 | Standardized planting technology for liquorice |
| CN102668841B (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2014-02-12 | 新疆康隆农业科技发展有限公司 | Standardized planting technology for liquorice |
| CN103202163A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-17 | 塔里木大学 | Method for licorice cultivation by drip irrigation under mulch |
| CN103430728A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-12-11 | 王运海 | Liquorice planting method |
| CN103814751A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-05-28 | 中国药材公司 | Cultivation method for improving maturing rate and yield of liquorice seeds |
| CN103918379B (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2015-07-22 | 王进 | Medicine sand priming method for licorice root seeds |
| CN104429576A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-03-25 | 邢鹏达 | Liquorice planting method |
| CN104584753A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-05-06 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for improving saline and alkaline land by glycyrrhiza uralensis nodule bacteria |
| CN105052505A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-11-18 | 新疆康隆科技股份有限公司 | Liquorice seedling and cultivation method |
| CN105815100A (en) * | 2016-05-28 | 2016-08-03 | 甘肃中医药大学 | Water-saving efficient licorice planting method used in arid desert region |
| CN106472057A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-03-08 | 甘肃巨龙供销（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of method for transplanting of Radix Glycyrrhizae |
| CN109418118A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2019-03-05 | 南京大花滩生物科技有限公司 | A kind of liquorice planting method |
| CN109744117A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-05-14 | 南京大花滩生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Radix Glycyrrhizae |
| CN114128470A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-04 | 中国医学科学院药用植物研究所 | Fertilizing method for improving glycyrrhizic acid content |
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