BR9608924A - Low energy hydrogen methods and structures - Google Patents
Low energy hydrogen methods and structuresInfo
- Publication number
- BR9608924A BR9608924A BR9608924-5A BR9608924A BR9608924A BR 9608924 A BR9608924 A BR 9608924A BR 9608924 A BR9608924 A BR 9608924A BR 9608924 A BR9608924 A BR 9608924A
- Authority
- BR
- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- energy
- electron
- species
- source
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title abstract 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 9
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical class [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen atom Chemical compound [H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005574 cross-species transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007777 multifunctional material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21B—FUSION REACTORS
- G21B3/00—Low temperature nuclear fusion reactors, e.g. alleged cold fusion reactors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G2243/00—Stirling type engines having closed regenerative thermodynamic cycles with flow controlled by volume changes
- F02G2243/30—Stirling type engines having closed regenerative thermodynamic cycles with flow controlled by volume changes having their pistons and displacers each in separate cylinders
- F02G2243/50—Stirling type engines having closed regenerative thermodynamic cycles with flow controlled by volume changes having their pistons and displacers each in separate cylinders having resonance tubes
- F02G2243/52—Stirling type engines having closed regenerative thermodynamic cycles with flow controlled by volume changes having their pistons and displacers each in separate cylinders having resonance tubes acoustic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G2254/00—Heat inputs
- F02G2254/10—Heat inputs by burners
- F02G2254/11—Catalytic burners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
<B> MéTODOS E ESTRUTURAS PARA HIDROGêNIO DE BAIXA ENERGIA <D> Essa invenção se refere a métodos e aparelhos para liberar energia a partir de átomos de hidrogênio (moléculas) pela estimulação de seus elétrons a relaxar para níveis quantizados inferiores de energia e menores raios (eixos menores semimaior e semimenor) do que o "estado fundamental" pelo provimento de um encolhedores os dispositivos que atuam como encolhedor de energia ou para remover energia ressonante com a energia de hidrogênio liberada para estimular essas transições. Um encolhedor de energia, buraco de energia, pode ser provido pela transferência de ao menos um elétron entre as espécies participantes que incluem átomos, ions, moléculas e compostos iónicos ou moleculares. Em uma modalidade, o buraco de energia compreende a transferência de t elétrons a partir de uma ou mais espécies doadoras, para uma ou mais espécies aceitadoras, com o que a soma das energias de ionização e/ou das afinidades de elétron das espécies doadoras de ele'tron, menos a soma das energias de ionização e/ou das afinidades de elétron das espécies aceitadoras de elétron, equivale a aproximadamente mX27,21 eV (mX48,6 eV) para transições de hidrogênio atómico (molecular) de baixo "estado elementar", onde m e t são números inteiros. A presente invenção compreende ainda um catalisador vertedor de hidrogênio, um material multifuncional possuindo uma funcionalidade que dissocia hidrogênio molecular para fornecer átomos de hidrogênio livres os quais se derramam sobre uma funcionalidade que suporta os átomos de hidrogênio livres e móveis, e uma funcionalidade que pode ser uma fonte de buracos de energia. O reator de energia um dentre uma célula eletrolitica, uma célula de gás hidrogênio pressurizado, e uma célula de descarga de gás hidrogênio. Um reator de energia pressurizado de gás hidrogênio preferido compreende: uma fonte de hidrogênio, um dispositivo para controlar a pressão e fluxo de hidrogênio no vaso; um material para dissociar o hidrogênio molecular em hidrogênio atómico, e um material que pode ser a fonte de buracos de energia na fase gasosa. A fonte gasosa de buracos de energia inclui aqueles que sublimam, fervem, e/ou são voláteis a temperatura elevada de operação do reator de energia de gás onde a reação exotérmica de transições de elétron de hidrogênio de estados de baixa energia ocorrem na fase gasosa.<B> METHODS AND STRUCTURES FOR LOW ENERGY HYDROGEN <D> This invention refers to methods and devices to release energy from hydrogen atoms (molecules) by stimulating their electrons to relax to lower quantized levels of energy and smaller rays (smaller axes semimaior and semimenor) than the "ground state" by providing a shrinker the devices that act as energy shrinkers or to remove resonant energy with the hydrogen energy released to stimulate these transitions. An energy shrink, energy hole, can be provided by transferring at least one electron between participating species that include atoms, ions, molecules and ionic or molecular compounds. In one embodiment, the energy hole comprises the transfer of t electrons from one or more donor species, to one or more acceptor species, with which the sum of the ionization energies and / or the electron affinities of the donor species ele'tron, minus the sum of the ionization energies and / or electron affinities of the electron acceptor species, is equivalent to approximately mX27.21 eV (mX48.6 eV) for low "elementary state (molecular) hydrogen transitions ", where met are integers. The present invention further comprises a hydrogen spill catalyst, a multifunctional material having a functionality that dissociates molecular hydrogen to provide free hydrogen atoms which spill over a functionality that supports free and mobile hydrogen atoms, and a functionality that can be a source of power holes. The energy reactor is one of an electrolytic cell, a pressurized hydrogen gas cell, and a hydrogen gas discharge cell. A preferred hydrogen gas pressurized energy reactor comprises: a hydrogen source, a device for controlling the pressure and flow of hydrogen in the vessel; a material to dissociate molecular hydrogen into atomic hydrogen, and a material that can be the source of energy holes in the gas phase. The gaseous source of energy holes includes those that sublimate, boil, and / or are volatile at the high operating temperature of the gas energy reactor where the exothermic reaction of hydrogen electron transitions from low energy states occurs in the gas phase.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US46705195A | 1995-06-06 | 1995-06-06 | |
US59271296A | 1996-01-26 | 1996-01-26 | |
PCT/US1996/007949 WO1996042085A2 (en) | 1995-06-06 | 1996-05-31 | Lower-energy hydrogen methods and structures |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
BR9608924A true BR9608924A (en) | 2000-11-21 |
Family
ID=27041890
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
BR9608924-5A BR9608924A (en) | 1995-06-06 | 1996-05-31 | Low energy hydrogen methods and structures |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0858662A4 (en) |
JP (3) | JP2001523331A (en) |
KR (1) | KR19990022396A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1099305C (en) |
AU (1) | AU705379B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9608924A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2218895C (en) |
HU (1) | HUP9901773A3 (en) |
MX (1) | MX9709701A (en) |
PL (1) | PL186102B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2180458C2 (en) |
TR (1) | TR199701501T1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1996042085A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6024935A (en) * | 1996-01-26 | 2000-02-15 | Blacklight Power, Inc. | Lower-energy hydrogen methods and structures |
CA2304752C (en) * | 1997-10-29 | 2009-07-14 | Blacklight Power, Inc. | Hydrogen catalysis power cell for energy conversion systems |
IL140956A0 (en) * | 1998-08-03 | 2002-02-10 | Mills Randell L | Inorganic hydrogen and hydrogen polymer compounds and applications thereof |
GB9823414D0 (en) * | 1998-10-26 | 1998-12-23 | Davies Christopher J | Energy generation |
WO2002067270A1 (en) * | 2001-02-22 | 2002-08-29 | Filippenkov, Anatolij Anatolievich | Method for producing electric power (variants) and a soline controlled quantum nuclear reactor for carrying out said method (variants) |
CA2440287A1 (en) * | 2001-03-07 | 2002-10-31 | Blacklight Power, Inc. | Microwave power cell, chemical reactor, and power converter |
WO2004092058A2 (en) * | 2003-04-15 | 2004-10-28 | Blacklight Power, Inc. | Plasma reactor and process for producing lower-energy hydrogen species |
US7188033B2 (en) | 2003-07-21 | 2007-03-06 | Blacklight Power Incorporated | Method and system of computing and rendering the nature of the chemical bond of hydrogen-type molecules and molecular ions |
WO2005041368A2 (en) | 2003-10-24 | 2005-05-06 | Blacklight Power, Inc. | Novel molecular hydrogen gas laser |
WO2005116630A2 (en) | 2004-05-17 | 2005-12-08 | Blacklight Power, Inc. | Method and system of computing and rendering the nature of the excited electronic states of atoms and atomic ions |
CN101395677B (en) * | 2005-12-29 | 2012-07-04 | 布里渊散射能量公司 | Energy generation apparatus and method |
EA200901438A1 (en) * | 2007-04-24 | 2010-06-30 | Блэклайт Пауэр, Инк. | REACTOR FOR HYDROGEN CATALYSIS |
JP5250783B2 (en) * | 2008-06-09 | 2013-07-31 | かおり 二木 | Ortho-para hydrogen (deuterium) separation method and ortho-para hydrogen (deuterium) separation device |
SG10201510821PA (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2016-02-26 | Blacklight Power Inc | Heterogeneous hydrogen-catalyst reactor |
RU2477704C2 (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2013-03-20 | Юрий Сергеевич Нечаев | Method of producing highly compact hydrogen |
CN103460469A (en) * | 2011-04-05 | 2013-12-18 | 布莱克光电有限公司 | H2O-based electrochemical hydrogen-catalyst power system |
ITPI20110107A1 (en) * | 2011-10-01 | 2013-04-02 | Ciampoli Leonardo | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATING RADIOACTIVE PRODUCTS |
FR3002621A1 (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-08-29 | Lecart Jean Guy Pierre Denis | Thermal energy producing device for use with power station, has ionizing device ionizing and bringing gas to high pressure and high temperature, so that outer-shell electrons of gas leave orbit and produce high-energy radiation |
CN103489487B (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2016-05-11 | 曾泓瑞 | Pulsed discharge operation nuclear fusion reaction device |
EP3882923A3 (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2022-06-22 | Brilliant Light Power, Inc. | Electrical power generation systems and methods regarding same |
CA2985328A1 (en) * | 2015-05-09 | 2016-11-17 | Brilliant Light Power, Inc. | Thermophotovoltaic electrical power generator |
WO2019126726A1 (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-06-27 | Ih Ip Holdings Limited | Calibrating a reactor hosting an exothermic reaction based on active site formation energy |
CN108217596B (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2021-03-30 | 吉林大学 | Method for preparing niobium hydride and tantalum hydride by using non-hydrogen source solution method |
FI20187078A1 (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2019-12-05 | David Brown | Method and apparatus for initiating and maintaining nuclear reactions |
CN111020617A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-17 | 初强 | Technology and method for preparing hydrogen-oxygen combustible mixed gas by impacting water molecules with high-energy electrons |
CN112331366B (en) * | 2020-11-21 | 2022-12-13 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Deuterium-tritium fuel storage and supply demonstration system and application |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1994029873A2 (en) * | 1993-06-11 | 1994-12-22 | Hydrocatalysis Power Corporation | Energy/matter conversion methods and structures |
-
1996
- 1996-05-31 KR KR1019970708876A patent/KR19990022396A/en active Search and Examination
- 1996-05-31 HU HU9901773A patent/HUP9901773A3/en unknown
- 1996-05-31 EP EP96919010A patent/EP0858662A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-05-31 PL PL96324187A patent/PL186102B1/en unknown
- 1996-05-31 TR TR97/01501T patent/TR199701501T1/en unknown
- 1996-05-31 BR BR9608924-5A patent/BR9608924A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-05-31 JP JP50238597A patent/JP2001523331A/en active Pending
- 1996-05-31 CA CA002218895A patent/CA2218895C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-31 AU AU61465/96A patent/AU705379B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-05-31 WO PCT/US1996/007949 patent/WO1996042085A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-05-31 CN CN96194486A patent/CN1099305C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-31 RU RU98100073/06A patent/RU2180458C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1997
- 1997-12-05 MX MX9709701A patent/MX9709701A/en active IP Right Grant
-
2003
- 2003-01-16 JP JP2003008354A patent/JP2003238103A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-03-25 JP JP2008078173A patent/JP2008201671A/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR19990022396A (en) | 1999-03-25 |
CN1187146A (en) | 1998-07-08 |
HUP9901773A2 (en) | 1999-09-28 |
EP0858662A4 (en) | 2001-04-18 |
AU6146596A (en) | 1997-01-09 |
CA2218895A1 (en) | 1996-12-27 |
JP2003238103A (en) | 2003-08-27 |
JP2001523331A (en) | 2001-11-20 |
CN1099305C (en) | 2003-01-22 |
RU2180458C2 (en) | 2002-03-10 |
TR199701501T1 (en) | 1998-02-21 |
MX9709701A (en) | 1998-07-31 |
EP0858662A2 (en) | 1998-08-19 |
PL186102B1 (en) | 2003-10-31 |
HUP9901773A3 (en) | 2002-06-28 |
WO1996042085A2 (en) | 1996-12-27 |
WO1996042085A3 (en) | 1997-04-24 |
JP2008201671A (en) | 2008-09-04 |
PL324187A1 (en) | 1998-05-11 |
AU705379B2 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
CA2218895C (en) | 2001-08-28 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
B08F | Application dismissed because of non-payment of annual fees [chapter 8.6 patent gazette] | ||
B08H | Application fees: decision cancelled [chapter 8.8 patent gazette] |
Free format text: REFERENTE AO DESPACHO PUBLICADO NA RPI 1799 DE 20050628 POR TER SIDO APRESENTADA PAPELETA DE ESCLARECIMENTO. |
|
B06A | Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette] | ||
B06A | Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette] | ||
B09B | Patent application refused [chapter 9.2 patent gazette] |
Free format text: INDEFERIDO COM BASE NO ARTIGO24 E 15 DA LPI |
|
B12B | Appeal against refusal [chapter 12.2 patent gazette] |