BR112020007694B1 - METHOD FOR PRODUCING A MULTILAYER SUBSTRATE FORMED BY FOAM - Google Patents

METHOD FOR PRODUCING A MULTILAYER SUBSTRATE FORMED BY FOAM Download PDF

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BR112020007694B1
BR112020007694B1 BR112020007694-5A BR112020007694A BR112020007694B1 BR 112020007694 B1 BR112020007694 B1 BR 112020007694B1 BR 112020007694 A BR112020007694 A BR 112020007694A BR 112020007694 B1 BR112020007694 B1 BR 112020007694B1
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Brazil
Prior art keywords
fibers
synthetic binder
binder fibers
fiber
wet
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BR112020007694-5A
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Portuguese (pt)
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BR112020007694A2 (en
Inventor
Deborah J. Calewarts
Jian Qin
Charles W. Colman
Cathleen M. Uttecht
Donald E. Waldroup
Francis P. Abuto
Jenny L. Day
Stephen Lindsay
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Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc
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Publication of BR112020007694A2 publication Critical patent/BR112020007694A2/en
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/30Multi-ply
    • D21H27/38Multi-ply at least one of the sheets having a fibrous composition differing from that of other sheets
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425Cellulose series
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4374Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D04H1/5412Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres sheath-core
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/559Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving the fibres being within layered webs
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/593Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives to layered webs
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/732Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00Other non-woven fabrics
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21FPAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/002Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines by using a foamed suspension
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21FPAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/02Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines of the Fourdrinier type
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/10Organic non-cellulose fibres
    • D21H13/20Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H13/24Polyesters
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H15/00Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution
    • D21H15/02Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution characterised by configuration
    • D21H15/04Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution characterised by configuration crimped, kinked, curled or twisted fibres
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/33Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D21H17/34Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H17/35Polyalkenes, e.g. polystyrene
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/16Sizing or water-repelling agents
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D04H1/5414Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres side-by-side
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D04H1/5416Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres sea-island
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/02Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
    • D10B2321/021Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polyethylene
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Um método para produzir um substrato multicamada formado por espuma que inclui a produção de uma espuma à base de água, incluindo pelo menos 3% em peso de fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares, em que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares têm um comprimento médio maior que 2 mm; formar em conjunto uma camada de folha úmida a partir da espuma de base aquosa e uma camada de fibra celulósica, em que a camada de fibra celulósica inclui pelo menos 60 por cento em peso de fibras celulósicas; e secar as camadas combinadas para obter o substrato multicamada formado por espuma. Um substrato multicamada inclui uma primeira camada que inclui pelo menos 60 por cento em peso de fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares com um comprimento médio superior a 2 mm; e uma segunda camada incluindo pelo menos 60 por cento em peso de fibra celulósica, em que a primeira camada está em uma relação frente-a-frente com a segunda camada, e em que o substrato multicamada tem uma razão de tração úmida/seca de pelo menos 60%.A method of producing a foamed multilayer substrate comprising producing a water-based foam including at least 3% by weight of non-linear synthetic binder fibers, wherein the non-linear synthetic binder fibers have an average length greater than 2 mm; forming together a wet sheet layer from the water-based foam and a cellulosic fiber layer, wherein the cellulosic fiber layer includes at least 60 weight percent cellulosic fibers; and drying the combined layers to obtain the foamed multilayer substrate. A multilayer substrate includes a first layer that includes at least 60 percent by weight nonlinear synthetic binder fibers having an average length greater than 2 mm; and a second ply including at least 60 weight percent cellulosic fiber, wherein the first ply is in a face-to-face relationship with the second ply, and wherein the multiply substrate has a wet/dry tensile ratio of at least 60%.

Description

FUNDAMENTOSFUNDAMENTALS

[001] Muitos produtos de papel tissue, tais como lenço facial, papel higiênico, papel toalha, limpadores industriais e semelhantes, são produzidos de acordo com um processo de deposição úmida. Mantas depositadas a úmido são feitas depositando-se uma suspensão aquosa de fibras celulósicas sobre um tecido formador e depois removendo-se a água da manta recém-formada. A água é tipicamente removida da manta pressionando mecanicamente a água para fora da manta, a qual é referida como "prensagem a úmido". Embora a prensagem a úmido seja um processo eficaz de desidratação, durante o processo a manta de tecido é comprimida, causando uma redução acentuada no calibre da manta e no volume da manta.[001] Many tissue paper products, such as facial tissue, toilet paper, paper towels, industrial cleaners and the like, are produced according to a wet deposition process. Wet laid mats are made by depositing an aqueous suspension of cellulosic fibers onto a forming fabric and then dewatering the newly formed mat. Water is typically removed from the mat by mechanically pressing the water out of the mat, which is referred to as "wet pressing". While wet pressing is an effective dewatering process, during the process the fabric web is compressed, causing a marked reduction in web caliper and web volume.

[002] Para a maioria das aplicações, no entanto, é desejável fornecer ao produto final o mais forte possível, sem comprometer outros atributos do produto. Assim, aqueles versados na técnica conceberam vários processos e técnicas para aumentar a resistência das mantas depositadas a úmido. Um processo usado é conhecido como "transferência rápida". Durante um processo de transferência rápida, uma manta é transferida de um primeiro tecido móvel para um segundo tecido móvel, em que o segundo tecido está se movendo a uma velocidade mais lenta do que o primeiro tecido. Os processos de transferência rápida aumentam o volume, o calibre e a maciez da manta de papel tissue.[002] For most applications, however, it is desirable to provide the final product as strong as possible without compromising other product attributes. Thus, those skilled in the art have devised various processes and techniques for increasing the strength of wet laid mats. One process used is known as "fast transfer". During a rapid transfer process, a web is transferred from a first moving fabric to a second moving fabric, where the second fabric is moving at a slower speed than the first fabric. Fast transfer processes increase the volume, caliber and softness of the tissue paper web.

[003] Como alternativa aos processos de prensagem a úmido, os processos de secagem foram desenvolvidos nos quais a compressão da manta é evitada o máximo possível para preservar e aprimorar a manta. Estes processos proporcionam o suporte da manta num tecido de malha grosseira enquanto o ar aquecido é passado através da manta para remover a umidade e secar a manta.[003] As an alternative to wet pressing processes, drying processes have been developed in which the compression of the mat is avoided as much as possible to preserve and improve the mat. These processes support the blanket in a coarse knit fabric while heated air is passed through the blanket to remove moisture and dry the blanket.

[004] Melhorias adicionais na técnica, no entanto, ainda são necessárias. Em particular, atualmente existe uma necessidade de um processo aprimorado que inclua fibras únicas em uma manta de papel tissue para aumentar o volume, a maciez, a resistência e a absorção da manta sem ter que sujeitar a manta a um processo de transferência rápida ou a um processo de crepagem.[004] Further improvements in the technique, however, are still needed. In particular, there is currently a need for an improved process that includes unique fibers in a tissue paper web to increase the volume, softness, strength and absorbency of the web without having to subject the web to a rapid transfer process or a creping process.

SUMÁRIOSUMMARY

[005] Em geral, a presente divulgação é direcionada a melhorias adicionais na técnica de fabricação de papel e papel tissue. Através dos processos e métodos da presente divulgação, as propriedades de uma manta de papel tissue, como volume, resistência, estiramento, calibre e/ou absorção, podem ser melhoradas. Em particular, a presente divulgação é direcionada a um processo para formar uma manta não tecida, particularmente uma manta de papel tissue contendo fibras de polpa, num processo de formação de espuma. Por exemplo, uma suspensão espumosa de fibras pode ser formada e espalhada sobre um transportador poroso móvel para produzir uma manta embrionária.[005] In general, the present disclosure is directed to further improvements in the technique of making paper and tissue paper. Through the processes and methods of the present disclosure, the properties of a tissue paper web, such as volume, strength, stretch, caliper and/or absorbency, can be improved. In particular, the present disclosure is directed to a process for forming a nonwoven web, particularly a tissue paper web containing pulp fibers, in a foaming process. For example, a foamy suspension of fibers can be formed and spread over a moving porous conveyor to produce an embryonic mat.

[006] Em um aspecto, por exemplo, a presente divulgação é direcionada a um método para produzir um substrato multicamada formado por espuma que inclui a produção de uma espuma à base de água, incluindo pelo menos 3% em peso de fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares, em que as não lineares as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas têm um comprimento médio superior a 2 mm; formar em conjunto uma camada de folha úmida a partir da espuma de base aquosa e uma camada de fibra celulósica, em que a camada de fibra celulósica inclui pelo menos 60 por cento em peso de fibras celulósicas; e secar as camadas combinadas para obter o substrato multicamada formado por espuma.[006] In one aspect, for example, the present disclosure is directed to a method for producing a foam-formed multilayer substrate that includes producing a water-based foam including at least 3% by weight of synthetic binder fibers not linear, wherein the non-linear synthetic binder fibers have an average length greater than 2 mm; forming together a wet sheet layer from the water-based foam and a cellulosic fiber layer, wherein the cellulosic fiber layer includes at least 60 weight percent cellulosic fibers; and drying the combined layers to obtain the foamed multilayer substrate.

[007] Em outro aspecto, um substrato multicamada inclui uma primeira camada que inclui pelo menos 60 por cento em peso de fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares com um comprimento médio superior a 2 mm; e uma segunda camada incluindo pelo menos 60 por cento em peso de fibra celulósica, em que a primeira camada está em uma relação frente-a- frente com a segunda camada e em que o substrato de múltiplas camadas tem uma razão de tração úmida/seca de pelo menos 60%.[007] In another aspect, a multilayer substrate includes a first layer that includes at least 60 percent by weight nonlinear synthetic binder fibers having an average length greater than 2 mm; and a second ply including at least 60 weight percent cellulosic fiber, wherein the first ply is in a face-to-face relationship with the second ply and wherein the multiply substrate has a wet/dry tensile ratio of at least 60%.

[008] Em ainda outro aspecto, um substrato multicamada inclui uma primeira camada que inclui pelo menos 60 por cento em peso de fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares com um comprimento médio maior que 2 mm, em que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares têm uma estrutura tridimensional ondulada ou prensada e são fibras bicomponentes com núcleo excêntrico; e uma segunda camada, incluindo pelo menos 60 por cento em peso de fibra celulósica, em que a primeira camada está em uma relação frente-a-frente com a segunda camada, em que o substrato multicamada tem uma taxa de tração úmida/seca de pelo menos 60 por cento, e em que o substrato multicamada exibe maior maciez e absorvência do que um substrato fibroso homogêneo com a mesma composição de fibra.[008] In yet another aspect, a multilayer substrate includes a first layer that includes at least 60 percent by weight of nonlinear synthetic binder fibers having an average length greater than 2 mm, wherein the nonlinear synthetic binder fibers have a structure corrugated or pressed three-dimensional and are bicomponent fibers with an eccentric core; and a second ply, including at least 60 weight percent cellulosic fiber, wherein the first ply is in a face-to-face relationship with the second ply, wherein the multiply substrate has a wet/dry tensile ratio of at least 60 percent, and where the multilayer substrate exhibits greater softness and absorbency than a homogeneous fibrous substrate of the same fiber composition.

[009] Outros recursos e aspectos da presente publicação são discutidos com mais detalhes a seguir.[009] Other features and aspects of this publication are discussed in more detail below.

BREVE DESCRIÇÃO DAS FIGURASBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0010] O exposto acima e outras características e aspectos da presente divulgação e a forma de obtê-los se tornarão mais evidentes, e a divulgação em si será melhor compreendida por referência à seguinte descrição, reivindicações anexas e figuras acompanhantes, onde:[0010] The foregoing and other features and aspects of the present disclosure and how to obtain them will become more apparent, and the disclosure itself will be better understood by reference to the following description, appended claims and accompanying figures, where:

[0011] A Figura 1 é uma ilustração esquemática de uma folha úmida formada por espuma sendo transferida de um fio de formação para um fio de secagem em uma linha de papel tissue simplificada; e[0011] Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a foamed wet sheet being transferred from a forming yarn to a drying yarn on a simplified tissue paper line; and

[0012] A Figura 2 é uma ilustração gráfica comparando o efeito de substratos com camadas versus sem camadas na razão de tração média geométrica úmida/seca (GMT).[0012] Figure 2 is a graphic illustration comparing the effect of substrates with layers versus without layers on the geometric mean wet/dry tensile ratio (GMT).

[0013] O uso repetido de caracteres de referência no presente relatório descritivo e nas figuras tem como objetivo representar características ou elementos iguais ou análogos da presente divulgação. As figuras são representativas e não estão necessariamente desenhadas em escala. Determinadas proporções destas figuras podem estar exageradas, enquanto outras podem estar minimizadas.[0013] The repeated use of reference characters in this descriptive report and in the figures is intended to represent characteristics or equal or analogous elements of this disclosure. Figures are representative and not necessarily drawn to scale. Certain proportions of these figures may be exaggerated, while others may be minimized.

DESCRIÇÃO DETALHADADETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] Aquele versado na técnica irá entender que a discussão atual é apenas uma descrição de aspectos exemplificativos da presente divulgação, não pretendendo limitar os aspectos mais amplas da presente divulgação.[0014] One skilled in the art will understand that the present discussion is only a description of exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the broader aspects of the present disclosure.

[0015] Em geral, a presente divulgação é direcionada à formação de mantas de papel tissue ou papel com boas propriedades de massa, resistência, absorção e maciez. Através do processo da presente divulgação, as mantas de papel tissue podem ser formadas, por exemplo, tendo melhores propriedades de estiramento, características de absorção melhoradas, calibre aumentado e/ou maior maciez. Em um aspecto, mantas padronizadas também podem ser formadas. Em outro aspecto, por exemplo, uma manta de papel tissue é feita de acordo com a presente divulgação, incluindo o uso de uma suspensão de fibras em espuma.[0015] In general, the present disclosure is directed to the formation of tissue paper or paper webs with good properties of mass, resistance, absorption and softness. Through the process of the present disclosure, tissue paper webs can be formed, for example, having better stretch properties, improved absorption characteristics, increased caliper and/or increased softness. In one aspect, patterned blankets can also be formed. In another aspect, for example, a tissue paper web is made in accordance with the present disclosure, including the use of a foamed fiber suspension.

[0016] A alta resistência à umidade é importante nos produtos de toalha para ter força suficiente para manter-se unida durante a secagem das mãos ou a remoção da umidade. Toalhas de papel padrão se esforçam para ter uma tração úmida/seca de cerca de 40%, a fim de ter resistência à umidade suficiente para funcionar com sucesso. Para atingir esse nível de resistência úmida em toalhas, são utilizadas químicas de refino e de resistência úmida e seca. O processo de formação de espuma abre a oportunidade de poder adicionar fibras não tradicionais ao processo de fabricação de papel tissue. As fibras que normalmente permaneceriam agrupadas no processo convencional de assentamento por via úmida, como fibras sintéticas de maior comprimento, agora são suspensas e separadas individualmente por bolhas de espuma, permitindo que o processo de formação de espuma ofereça não apenas a capacidade de criar novos materiais com fibras depositadas a úmido não- padrão, mas também folhas de base com propriedades aprimoradas. Além disso, a formação de espuma permite o uso de fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares.[0016] High moisture resistance is important in towel products to have enough strength to hold together while drying hands or removing moisture. Standard paper towels strive for a wet/dry traction of around 40% in order to have enough moisture resistance to work successfully. To achieve this level of wet strength in towels, refining and wet and dry strength chemistries are used. The foaming process opens up the opportunity to be able to add non-traditional fibers to the tissue making process. Fibers that would normally remain bunched together in the conventional wet laying process, such as longer length synthetic fibers, are now suspended and separated individually by foam bubbles, allowing the foaming process to not only offer the ability to create new materials with non-standard wet-laid fibers, but also basesheets with enhanced properties. Furthermore, foaming allows the use of non-linear synthetic binder fibers.

[0017] Conforme usado aqui, as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas "não lineares" incluem fibras sintéticas (descritas abaixo) que são curvas, sinusoidais, onduladas, de ondas curtas, em forma de U e em forma de V, onde o ângulo é maior que 15°, mas menor que 180°, dobradas, enrugadas, torcidas, sinalizadas, sinalizadas duplas, sinalizadas aleatoriamente, sinalizadas definidas, sinalizadas indefinidas, divididas, de dupla divisão, com ponta múltipla, com ponta múltipla dupla, enganchadas, intertravadas, em forma de cone, simétricas, assimétricas, com dedos, texturizadas, em espiral, em loop, em forma de folha, em forma de pétala ou em forma de espinho. As fibras não lineares longas têm vantagens descritas aqui, mas podem ser difíceis de empregar em um processo típico de aplicação a úmido que geralmente emprega apenas fibra celulósica de polpa de madeira com um comprimento de fibra menor que 5 mm e tipicamente menor que 3 mm. Um exemplo de uma fibra aglutinante sintética não linear adequada é a fibra aglutinante sintética T-255, disponível por Trevira. A fibra aglutinante sintética T-255 é uma fibra bicomponente não linear e prensada, com um núcleo de tereftalato de polietileno (PET) e uma bainha de polietileno (PE).[0017] As used herein, "non-linear" synthetic binder fibers include synthetic fibers (described below) that are curved, sinusoidal, wavy, short wave, U-shaped, and V-shaped where the angle is greater than 15° but less than 180°, folded, creased, twisted, flagged, double-flagged, randomly-flagged, definite-flagged, indefinite-flagged, split, double-split, multi-ended, double-multi-ended, hooked, interlocked, shaped cone, symmetrical, asymmetrical, fingered, textured, spiral, looped, leaf-shaped, petal-shaped or thorn-shaped. Long non-linear fibers have the advantages described here, but can be difficult to employ in a typical wet application process which generally employs only wood pulp cellulosic fiber with a fiber length of less than 5mm and typically less than 3mm. An example of a suitable non-linear synthetic binder fiber is T-255 synthetic binder fiber, available from Trevira. T-255 Synthetic Binder Fiber is a pressed, non-linear bicomponent fiber with a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) core and a polyethylene (PE) sheath.

[0018] Existem muitas vantagens e benefícios para um processo de formação de espuma como descrito acima. Durante um processo de formação de espuma, a água é substituída por espuma (isto é, bolhas de ar) como transportadora das fibras que formam a manta. A espuma, que representa uma grande quantidade de ar, é misturada com fibras de fabricação de papel. Como menos água é usada para formar a manta, é necessária menos energia para secar a manta. Por exemplo, a secagem da manta em um processo de formação de espuma pode reduzir os requisitos de energia em mais de cerca de 10%, ou em mais de cerca de 20%, em relação aos processos convencionais de prensagem a úmido.[0018] There are many advantages and benefits to a foaming process as described above. During a foaming process, water is replaced by foam (i.e., air bubbles) as a carrier for the fibers that form the batt. Foam, which represents a large amount of air, is mixed with papermaking fibers. As less water is used to form the mat, less energy is required to dry the mat. For example, drying the mat in a foaming process can reduce energy requirements by more than about 10%, or more than about 20%, over conventional wet pressing processes.

[0019] A tecnologia de formação de espuma provou sua capacidade de trazer muitos benefícios aos produtos, incluindo uniformidade aprimorada da fibra, quantidade reduzida de água no processo, energia de secagem reduzida devido à quantidade reduzida de água e à tensão superficial, capacidade aprimorada de lidar com uma fibra extremamente longa ou curta, que permite a introdução de fibras descontínuas longas e/ou aglutinantes e de fibras muito curtas em um processo regular de assentamento a úmido e densidade reduzida/massa aprimorada que amplia um processo para poder produzir vários materiais de alta a muito baixa densidade para cobrir várias aplicações do produto.[0019] Foaming technology has proven its ability to bring many benefits to products, including improved fiber uniformity, reduced amount of water in the process, reduced drying energy due to reduced amount of water and surface tension, improved ability to dealing with an extremely long or short fiber, which allows for the introduction of long staple fibers and/or binders and very short fibers in a regular wet laying process and improved reduced density/mass which extends a process to be able to produce various fiber materials. high to very low density to cover various product applications.

[0020] A experimentação em bancada usando um misturador de alta velocidade e surfactante produziu uma densidade muito baixa, entre 0,008 a 0,02 g/cm3, de materiais fibrosos formados por espuma. Com base nesses resultados, um material fibroso não tecido, estruturado em 3D e formado a ar pode ser produzido usando um processo de assentamento úmido de baixo custo, mas alta velocidade. Tentativas anteriores de produzir materiais fibrosos de baixa densidade usando linhas típicas de formação de espuma não produziram resultados favoráveis. Ambos os processos têm limitações de equipamento que impedem a produção de um material fibroso formado por espuma de baixa densidade ou alto volume. Um processo não possui capacidade de secagem e, portanto, deve-se usar uma prensa com alta pressão para remover o máximo possível a água de uma folha úmida formada, a fim de obter a integridade da folha úmida, para que a folha possa ser enrolada em um rolo. Além disso, outro processo não possui um rolo de pressão, mas possui um túnel de secagem contínuo. Embora o último processo pareça ter potencial para produzir um material fibroso de baixa densidade, a folha úmida formada por espuma deve ser transferida de um tecido de formação para um fio de metal de secagem antes de ser seca dentro do túnel de secagem. Novamente, para obter integridade suficiente da folha úmida para essa transferência, a folha formada por espuma deve ser desidratada o máximo possível por vácuo antes dessa transferência. Como resultado, a maioria das bolhas de ar retidas no interior da folha úmida também é removida pelo vácuo, resultando em uma folha seca final com uma densidade semelhante à de uma folha produzida por um processo normal de deposição úmida.[0020] Benchtop experimentation using a high-speed mixer and surfactant produced a very low density, between 0.008 to 0.02 g/cm3, of foamed fibrous materials. Based on these results, an air-formed, 3D-structured, fibrous nonwoven material can be produced using a low-cost, high-speed wet laying process. Previous attempts to produce low density fibrous materials using typical foaming lines have not produced favorable results. Both processes have equipment limitations that preclude the production of a fibrous material formed from low-density or high-volume foam. A process does not have drying capability and therefore a press with high pressure must be used to remove as much water as possible from a formed wet sheet in order to obtain the integrity of the wet sheet so that the sheet can be rolled. on a roll. Also, another process does not have a pressure roller, but has a continuous drying tunnel. While the latter process appears to have the potential to produce a low-density fibrous material, the wet foamed sheet must be transferred from a forming fabric to a drying metal wire before being dried within the drying tunnel. Again, to obtain sufficient integrity of the wet sheet for this transfer, the foamed sheet should be dehydrated as much as possible by vacuum prior to this transfer. As a result, most of the air bubbles trapped within the wet sheet are also removed by the vacuum, resulting in a final dry sheet with a density similar to that of a sheet produced by a normal wet laying process.

[0021] Experiências adicionais resultaram na descoberta de que uma adição de fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares reduz a densidade final da folha fibrosa.[0021] Additional experiments resulted in the discovery that an addition of non-linear synthetic binder fibers reduces the final density of the fibrous sheet.

[0022] Sem se comprometer com uma teoria, acredita-se que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares em uma estrutura em camadas ajudam a alcançar uma alta razão de tração úmida/seca. Os usos da técnica anterior de fibras prensadas (não aglutinantes) tinham o objetivo de atingir alto volume. A fibra aglutinante sintética não linear da presente divulgação não funcionaria bem para atingir alto volume. Embora a técnica anterior exigia uma fibra prensada (não aglutinante) com um diâmetro de fibra de pelo menos 4 dtex, as fibras ligantes sintéticas não lineares da presente divulgação não têm esse requisito. Por exemplo, uma das fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares usadas nos exemplos descritos abaixo tem um diâmetro de fibra de 2,2 dtex.[0022] Without committing to a theory, it is believed that non-linear synthetic binder fibers in a layered structure help to achieve a high wet/dry tensile ratio. Prior art uses of pressed fibers (non-binding) were aimed at achieving high volume. The non-linear synthetic binder fiber of the present disclosure would not work well to achieve high volume. While the prior art required a pressed (non-binding) fiber with a fiber diameter of at least 4 dtex, the non-linear synthetic binder fibers of the present disclosure do not have such a requirement. For example, one of the non-linear synthetic binder fibers used in the examples described below has a fiber diameter of 2.2 dtex.

[0023] De acordo com a presente divulgação, o processo de formação de espuma é combinado com uma adição de fibra exclusiva para a produção de mantas com um equilíbrio de propriedades desejado.[0023] According to the present disclosure, the foaming process is combined with a unique fiber addition to produce batts with a desired balance of properties.

[0024] Ao formar mantas de papel tissue ou papel de acordo com a presente divulgação, em um aspecto, uma espuma é formada primeiro pela combinação de água com um agente de formação de espuma. O agente espumante, por exemplo, pode incluir qualquer surfactante adequado. Em um aspecto, por exemplo, o agente espumante pode incluir um surfactante aniônico, como lauril sulfato de sódio, que também é conhecido como lauril éter sulfato de sódio. Outros agentes espumantes aniônicos incluem dodecil sulfato de sódio ou lauril sulfato de amônio. Em outros aspectos, o agente espumante pode incluir qualquer surfactante catiônico, não iônico e/ou anfotérico adequado. Por exemplo, outros agentes espumantes incluem aminas de ácidos graxos, amidas, óxidos de aminas, compostos quaternários de ácidos graxos, álcool polivinílico, éter alquil de polietilenoglicol, ésteres de alquil polioxietileno soritano, éteres de alquil glucosídeo, éteres alquil glucosídeos, hidroxisultaína cocamidopropil, cocamidopropil betaína, fosfatidiletanolamina e similares.[0024] When forming tissue or paper webs in accordance with the present disclosure, in one aspect, a foam is formed by first combining water with a foaming agent. The foaming agent, for example, can include any suitable surfactant. In one aspect, for example, the foaming agent can include an anionic surfactant, such as sodium lauryl sulfate, which is also known as sodium lauryl ether sulfate. Other anionic foaming agents include sodium dodecyl sulfate or ammonium lauryl sulfate. In other aspects, the foaming agent can include any suitable cationic, non-ionic and/or amphoteric surfactant. For example, other foaming agents include fatty acid amines, amides, amine oxides, quaternary fatty acid compounds, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene soritane alkyl esters, alkyl glucoside ethers, alkyl glucoside ethers, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, phosphatidylethanolamine and the like.

[0025] O agente espumante é combinado com água geralmente em uma quantidade maior que cerca de 0,001% em peso, como em uma quantidade maior que cerca de 0,005% em peso, como em uma quantidade maior que cerca de 0,01% em peso, ou em uma quantidade superior a cerca de 0,05% em peso. O agente espumante também pode ser combinado com água geralmente em uma quantidade menor que cerca de 0,2% em peso, tal como em uma quantidade menor que cerca de 0,5% em peso, tal como em uma quantidade menor que cerca de 1,0% em peso, ou como numa quantidade inferior a cerca de 5% em peso. Um ou mais agentes espumantes estão geralmente presentes em uma quantidade menor que cerca de 5% em peso, como em uma quantidade menor que cerca de 2% em peso, como em uma quantidade menor que cerca de 1% em peso, ou em uma quantidade inferior a cerca de 0,5% em peso.[0025] The foaming agent is combined with water generally in an amount greater than about 0.001% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 0.005% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 0.01% by weight , or in an amount greater than about 0.05% by weight. The foaming agent can also be combined with water generally in an amount less than about 0.2% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 0.5% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 1 .0% by weight, or as less than about 5% by weight. One or more foaming agents are generally present in an amount less than about 5% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 2% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 1% by weight, or in an amount less than about 0.5% by weight.

[0026] Uma vez que o agente espumante e a água são combinados, a mistura é combinada com fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares. Em geral, quaisquer fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares capazes de fazer uma manta de papel tissue ou papel ou outro tipo similar de não-tecido de acordo com a presente divulgação podem ser usadas.[0026] Once the foaming agent and water are combined, the mixture is combined with non-linear synthetic binder fibers. In general, any non-linear synthetic binder fibers capable of making a tissue paper web or paper or other similar type of nonwoven in accordance with the present disclosure can be used.

[0027] Uma fibra aglutinante pode ser usada na estrutura fibrosa formada por espuma desta divulgação. Uma fibra aglutinante pode ser uma fibra bicomponente termoplástica, como fibra com núcleo excêntrico de PE/PET, ou uma fibra polimérica sensível à água, como fibra de álcool polivinílico. A fibra aglutinante comercial é geralmente uma fibra termoplástica bicomponente com dois polímeros de fusão diferentes. Dois polímeros usados nessa fibra de dois componentes geralmente têm pontos de fusão bem diferentes. Por exemplo, uma fibra bicomponente de PE/PET tem um ponto de fusão de 120°C para PE e um ponto de fusão de 260°C para PET. Quando essa fibra de dois componentes é usada como uma fibra ligante, uma estrutura fibrosa formada por espuma, incluindo a fibra de PE/PET, pode ser estabilizada pela exposição a um tratamento térmico a uma temperatura ligeiramente acima de 120°C, para que a porção de fibra de PE funda e se formem ligações interfibras com outras fibras, enquanto a porção de fibra PET fornece sua resistência mecânica para manter intacta a rede de fibras. A fibra bicomponente pode ter formas diferentes com seus dois componentes poliméricos, como lateral-lateral, núcleo-bainha, núcleo-bainha excêntrico, ilhas no mar, etc. A estrutura núcleo-bainha é a mais usada em aplicações comerciais de fibras aglutinantes. As fibras aglutinantes comerciais incluem fibra aglutinante T-255 com um comprimento de fibra de 6 ou 12 mm e um diâmetro de fibra de 2,2 dtex, de Trevira, ou fibra aglutinante WL Adhesion C com um comprimento de fibra de 4 mm e um diâmetro da fibra de 1,7 dtex, de FiberVisions. A quantidade limite de fibra aglutinante a ser adicionada é geralmente dependente do mínimo que a teoria da percolação preveria fornecerá uma rede de fibra. Por exemplo, o limiar de percolação é de cerca de 3% (em massa) para 6 mm, 2,2 dtex, fibras T-255.[0027] A binder fiber can be used in the foamed fibrous structure of this disclosure. A binder fiber can be a thermoplastic bicomponent fiber, such as PE/PET eccentric core fiber, or a water sensitive polymeric fiber, such as polyvinyl alcohol fiber. The commercial binder fiber is generally a bicomponent thermoplastic fiber with two different melting polymers. Two polymers used in this two-component fiber often have very different melting points. For example, a PE/PET bicomponent fiber has a melting point of 120°C for PE and a melting point of 260°C for PET. When this two-component fiber is used as a binder fiber, a foamed fibrous structure including the PE/PET fiber can be stabilized by exposure to a heat treatment at a temperature slightly above 120°C, so that the PE fiber portion melts and forms interfiber bonds with other fibers, while the PET fiber portion provides its mechanical strength to keep the fiber network intact. The bicomponent fiber can have different shapes with its two polymeric components, such as side-to-side, core-sheath, eccentric core-sheath, islands in the sea, etc. The core-sheath structure is most commonly used in commercial fiber binder applications. Commercial binder fibers include T-255 binder fiber with a fiber length of 6 or 12 mm and a fiber diameter of 2.2 dtex, from Trevira, or WL Adhesion C binder fiber with a fiber length of 4 mm and a fiber diameter of 1.7 dtex, from FiberVisions. The limiting amount of binder fiber to be added is generally dependent on the minimum percolation theory would predict a fiber network will provide. For example, the percolation threshold is about 3% (by mass) for 6 mm, 2.2 dtex, T-255 fibers.

[0028] Uma vez combinados o agente espumante e a água, a mistura é combinada ou de outro modo sujeita a forças capazes de formar uma espuma. Uma espuma geralmente se refere a uma matriz porosa, que é um agregado de células ocas ou bolhas que podem ser interconectadas para formar canais ou capilares.[0028] Once the foaming agent and water have combined, the mixture is blended or otherwise subjected to forces capable of forming a foam. A foam generally refers to a porous matrix, which is an aggregate of hollow cells or bubbles that can be interconnected to form channels or capillaries.

[0029] A densidade da espuma pode variar dependendo da aplicação particular e de vários fatores, incluindo a fibra utilizada. Em um aspecto, por exemplo, a densidade de espuma da espuma pode ser superior a cerca de 200 g/L, tal como superior a cerca de 250 g/L, tal como superior a cerca de 300 g/L. A densidade da espuma é geralmente inferior a cerca de 600 g/L, tal como inferior a cerca de 500 g/L, tal como inferior a cerca de 400 g/L, tal como inferior a cerca de 350 g/L. Em um aspecto, por exemplo, é utilizada uma espuma de densidade mais baixa tendo uma densidade de espuma geralmente inferior a cerca de 350 g/L, tal como inferior a cerca de 340 g/L, tal como inferior a cerca de 330 g/L. A espuma terá geralmente um teor de ar superior a cerca de 40%, tal como superior a cerca de 50%, tal como superior a cerca de 60%. O teor de ar é geralmente inferior a cerca de 80% em volume, tal como inferior a cerca de 75% em volume ou inferior a cerca de 70% em volume.[0029] Foam density can vary depending on the particular application and various factors, including the fiber used. In one aspect, for example, the foam density of the foam can be greater than about 200 g/L, such as greater than about 250 g/L, such as greater than about 300 g/L. Foam density is generally less than about 600 g/L, such as less than about 500 g/L, such as less than about 400 g/L, such as less than about 350 g/L. In one aspect, for example, a lower density foam is used having a foam density generally less than about 350 g/L, such as less than about 340 g/L, such as less than about 330 g/L. L. The foam will generally have an air content of greater than about 40%, such as greater than about 50%, such as greater than about 60%. The air content is generally less than about 80% by volume, such as less than about 75% by volume or less than about 70% by volume.

[0030] Para formar a manta, a espuma é combinada com um material de fibra selecionado em conjunto com quaisquer agentes auxiliares. A espuma pode ser formada por qualquer método adequado, incluindo o descrito no Pedido de Patente Provisório dos EUA pendente Número de Série 62/437974.[0030] To form the blanket, the foam is combined with a selected fiber material together with any auxiliary agents. The foam may be formed by any suitable method, including that described in pending US Provisional Patent Application Serial Number 62/437974.

[0031] Em geral, qualquer processo capaz de formar uma manta de papel também pode ser usado na presente divulgação. Por exemplo, um processo de fabricação de papel da presente divulgação pode utilizar crepagem, crepagem dupla, estampagem, prensagem de ar, secagem ao ar crepada, secagem ao ar sem crepagem, coformação, hidroentrelaçamento, bem como outros passos conhecidos na técnica.[0031] In general, any process capable of forming a paper web can also be used in the present disclosure. For example, a papermaking process of the present disclosure can utilize creping, double creping, embossing, air pressing, creped air drying, non-creping air drying, coforming, hydroentangling, as well as other steps known in the art.

[0032] Um processo padrão inclui uma linha de formação de espuma projetada para lidar com fibras longas e é capaz de obter uma mistura muito uniforme de fibras com outros componentes. No entanto, ele não foi projetado para produzir material fibroso de alto volume, devido às limitações de seu equipamento, conforme discutido acima. A Fig. 1 ilustra uma linha de papel tissue simplificada e demonstra a dificuldade em usar esse processo para produzir material fibroso sintético, onde uma folha é transferida entre dois fios. Nesta linha, um material fibroso com espuma ou folha úmida 20 é formado sobre um fio de formação 30 por uma caixa de entrada 35, onde a folha úmida 20 tem três camadas de diferentes composições de materiais fibrosos quando é apenas depositada no fio de formação 30. A folha úmida 20 é então submetida a um vácuo para remover o máximo de água possível, de modo que, quando a folha úmida 20 viaja até o final do primeiro fio de formação 30, ela ganha integridade ou força suficiente para permitir que a folha úmida 20 seja transferida para um fio de secagem 40.[0032] A standard process includes a foaming line designed to handle long fibers and is capable of achieving a very uniform mixture of fibers with other components. However, it was not designed to produce high volume fibrous material due to the limitations of its equipment as discussed above. Fig. 1 illustrates a simplified tissue paper line and demonstrates the difficulty in using this process to produce synthetic fibrous material, where a sheet is transferred between two strands. In this line, a foamed fibrous material or wet sheet 20 is formed onto a forming wire 30 by a headbox 35, where the wet sheet 20 has three layers of different compositions of fibrous materials when it is just deposited on the forming wire 30 The wet sheet 20 is then subjected to a vacuum to remove as much water as possible, so that when the wet sheet 20 travels to the end of the first forming wire 30, it gains enough integrity or strength to allow the sheet to wet 20 is transferred to a drying wire 40.

[0033] Existe um ponto de contato 50 entre os fios de formação e secagem 30, 40, onde a folha úmida 20 é transferida do fio de formação 30 e para o fio de secagem 40. Após a folha úmida 20 ser transferida para o fio de secagem 40, a folha úmida 20 mantém contato, mas pode cair do fio de secagem 40 se a folha úmida 20 não tiver uma quantidade suficiente de aderência para superar a gravidade. Após a transferência, a folha úmida 20 é posicionada sob o fio de secagem 40. A folha úmida 20 precisa ser aderida ao fio de secagem 40 antes de atingir um secador seco ao ar (TAD) ou outro secador adequado (não mostrado). Quando uma folha úmida 20 contém a maioria da fibra celulósica, a folha úmida 20 tem uma capacidade de absorção de água para manter a água suficiente o suficiente para que a folha úmida 20 adira ao fio de secagem 40 sem ser derrubada pela gravidade pelo fio de secagem 40. Quando uma folha úmida 20 contém muita fibra sintética, como superior a 30%, a folha úmida 20 começa a cair ou se separar do fio de secagem 40 devido à gravidade. Neste método, a folha úmida 20 quando contendo mais de 30% de fibra sintética, não teve adesão suficiente para manter a folha presa ao fio de secagem 40 mostrado na Fig. 1.[0033] There is a contact point 50 between the forming and drying wires 30, 40, where the wet sheet 20 is transferred from the forming wire 30 and to the drying wire 40. After the wet sheet 20 is transferred to the wire of drying wire 40, the wet sheet 20 maintains contact, but may fall off the drying wire 40 if the wet sheet 20 does not have a sufficient amount of adhesion to overcome gravity. After transfer, the wet sheet 20 is positioned under the drying wire 40. The wet sheet 20 needs to be adhered to the drying wire 40 before reaching an air dry dryer (TAD) or other suitable dryer (not shown). When a wet sheet 20 contains the majority of cellulosic fiber, the wet sheet 20 has a water absorbing capacity to hold enough water for the wet sheet 20 to adhere to the drying wire 40 without being dropped by gravity by the drying 40. When a wet sheet 20 contains a lot of synthetic fiber, such as greater than 30%, the wet sheet 20 starts to sag or separate from the drying wire 40 due to gravity. In this method, the wet sheet 20 when containing more than 30% synthetic fiber, did not have sufficient adhesion to keep the sheet attached to the drying wire 40 shown in Fig. 1.

[0034] Portanto, os processos atuais impedem a produção de qualquer material espumado com mais de 30% de fibras sintéticas. Como resultado, é necessário um processo modificado ou uma nova composição fibrosa para produzir uma folha formada por espuma com uma alta razão de tração úmida/seca. A presente divulgação aborda esse déficit formando uma folha úmida em camadas 20 com duas camadas externas, incluindo a maioria da fibra celulósica e uma camada central, incluindo a maioria da fibra ligante sintética. Esse método aprimorado supera a questão da fraca adesão do fio e, ao mesmo tempo, alcança vários benefícios. Primeiro, a fibra aglutinante pode ser concentrada a quase 100% na camada central para formar uma rede de fibra totalmente ligada para obter uma alta resistência, mantendo a porção geral de fibra sintética abaixo de 50% ou mesmo abaixo de 30%, de modo que o papel tissue final permaneça à base de fibra celulósica. Uma estrutura sem camadas não pode conseguir isso. Segundo, a estrutura em camadas cria uma distribuição não uniforme de pontos de ligação. A maioria das ligações é formada dentro da camada central entre as próprias fibras aglutinantes, com apenas ligeira ligação entre as fibras celulósicas localizadas em duas camadas externas. Esse arranjo permite que o papel tissue apresente uma alta resistência, uma alta razão de tração úmida/seca, alto volume, alta absorvência e maciez geral significativamente aprimorada.[0034] Therefore, current processes preclude the production of any foamed material with more than 30% synthetic fibers. As a result, a modified process or new fibrous composition is required to produce a foamed sheet with a high wet/dry tensile ratio. The present disclosure addresses this deficit by forming a layered wet sheet 20 with two outer layers including most of the cellulosic fiber and a center layer including most of the synthetic binder fiber. This improved method overcomes the issue of poor yarn adhesion and at the same time achieves several benefits. First, the binder fiber can be concentrated almost 100% in the core layer to form a fully bonded fiber network to achieve high strength, keeping the overall synthetic fiber portion below 50% or even below 30%, so that the final tissue paper remains cellulosic fiber based. A structure without layers cannot achieve this. Second, the layered structure creates a non-uniform distribution of connection points. Most bonds are formed within the core layer between the binder fibers themselves, with only slight bonding between cellulosic fibers located in the two outer layers. This arrangement allows the tissue paper to exhibit high strength, a high wet/dry tensile ratio, high volume, high absorbency and significantly improved overall softness.

[0035] Todas as folhas de papel tissue descritas aqui são fabricadas no modo de secagem ao ar livre, sem crepagem (UCTAD). O processo UCTAD usa vácuo para transferir a folha úmida de um tecido para outro, conforme ilustrado na Fig. 1. As aprendizagens dos ensaios anteriores de formação de espuma mostraram que a adição de mais de 30% de fibra sintética em uma folha homogênea afeta a capacidade de transferência da folha. Isso ocorre devido à falta de água na folha para que o vácuo funcione. Na presente divulgação, essa falha foi resolvida através da criação de um substrato multicamada com fibras celulósicas para uma ou mais camadas externas, usando parâmetros convencionais de processo de deposição a úmido (pasta de polpa proveniente de caixas de máquinas usando bombas e configurações padrão), com a espuma da camada central formada (executada a partir de caixas de descarga onde a pasta de espuma de fibra sintética não linear foi gerada pela adição de surfactante e misturada). As camadas externas de celulose refinada, visto que as fibras refinadas retêm mais água, retêm água suficiente para permitir a transferência da folha. Para esta divulgação, uma camada com até 80% de fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares foi formada em espuma para a camada central.[0035] All tissue paper sheets described here are manufactured in the air-drying, creping-free (UCTAD) mode. The UCTAD process uses a vacuum to transfer the wet sheet from one fabric to another, as illustrated in Fig. 1. Learnings from previous foaming tests have shown that adding more than 30% synthetic fiber to a homogeneous sheet affects the transferability of the sheet. This is due to a lack of water in the leaf for the vacuum to work. In the present disclosure, this shortcoming has been addressed by creating a multilayer substrate with cellulosic fibers for one or more outer layers, using conventional wet-laid process parameters (pulp slurry coming from machine cases using standard pumps and settings), with the formed core layer foam (run from tailgates where the non-linear synthetic fiber foam slurry was generated by adding surfactant and blending). The outer layers of refined cellulose, since refined fibers hold more water, hold enough water to allow sheet transfer. For this disclosure, a layer of up to 80% non-linear synthetic binder fibers was foamed into the core layer.

[0036] Em vários aspectos da presente divulgação, um substrato multicamada pode incluir uma camada externa de fibra celulósica (por via úmida ou outro processo) e uma camada média de fibra aglutinante sintética formada por espuma ou duas camadas externas de fibra celulósica (por via úmida ou outro processo) e uma camada média sintética formada por fibras de ligante sintético. As uma ou duas camadas externas também podem ser formadas por espuma e também conter uma baixa porcentagem de fibra sintética, se benefícios adicionais puderem ser obtidos. Os aspectos preferidos incluem pelo menos uma camada que é formada por espuma e inclui uma alta porcentagem de fibra aglutinante sintética para dar ao substrato multicamada uma alta razão de tração úmida/seca. Os aspectos preferidos também incluem pelo menos uma camada externa que mantém contato direto com o fio de secagem 40 após a transferência da folha, em que pelo menos uma camada externa inclui uma alta porcentagem de fibra celulósica para ter adesão suficiente ao fio da folha durante o processamento. Outras camadas adicionadas ao substrato de múltiplas camadas podem ter qualquer combinação de camadas formadas por espuma e camadas úmidas e podem incluir qualquer quantidade de fibras celulósicas e/ou sintéticas.[0036] In various aspects of the present disclosure, a multilayer substrate can include an outer layer of cellulosic fiber (wet or other process) and a middle layer of synthetic binder fiber formed by foam or two outer layers of cellulosic fiber (via wet or other process) and a synthetic middle layer formed from synthetic binder fibers. The outer one or two layers can also be foamed and also contain a low percentage of synthetic fiber if additional benefits can be gained. Preferred aspects include at least one layer that is foamed and includes a high percentage of synthetic binder fiber to give the multilayer substrate a high wet/dry tensile ratio. Preferred features also include at least one outer layer that maintains direct contact with the drying yarn 40 after sheet transfer, wherein the at least one outer layer includes a high percentage of cellulosic fiber to have sufficient adhesion to the sheet yarn during drying. processing. Other layers added to the multilayer substrate can be any combination of foamed layers and wetted layers and can include any amount of cellulosic and/or synthetic fibers.

[0037] Uma ou mais camadas de um substrato de múltiplas camadas podem incluir fibras celulósicas, incluindo aquelas utilizadas na fabricação de papel tissue padrão. As fibras adequadas para fazer mantas de papel tissue incluem quaisquer fibras celulósicas naturais e/ou sintéticas. As fibras naturais podem incluir, mas não estão limitadas a, fibras não lenhosas, como algodão, abaca, kenaf, grama sabai, linho, grama esparto, palha, cânhamo de juta, bagaço, fibras de serralha, fibras de bambu e fibras de folhas de abacaxi; e fibras lenhosas ou polpas, tais como as obtidas de árvores decíduas e coníferas, incluindo fibras de madeira macia, como fibras kraft de madeira macia do norte e do sul; e fibras de madeira dura, como eucalipto, bordo, bétula e álamo. As fibras de polpa podem ser preparadas em formas de alto ou baixo rendimento e podem ser despolpadas em qualquer método conhecido, incluindo kraft, sulfito, métodos de polpação de alto rendimento e outros métodos de polpação conhecidos. Fibras preparadas a partir de métodos de polpação organosolv também podem ser usadas.[0037] One or more layers of a multilayer substrate may include cellulosic fibers, including those used in the manufacture of standard tissue paper. Fibers suitable for making tissue paper webs include any natural and/or synthetic cellulosic fibers. Natural fibers can include, but are not limited to, non-wood fibers such as cotton, abaca, kenaf, sabai grass, flax, esparto grass, straw, jute hemp, bagasse, milkweed fibers, bamboo fibers, and leaf fibers of pineapple; and wood fibers or pulps, such as those obtained from deciduous and coniferous trees, including softwood fibers, such as northern and southern softwood kraft fibers; and hardwood fibers such as eucalyptus, maple, birch and poplar. The pulp fibers can be prepared in high or low yield forms and can be pulped in any known method including kraft, sulphite, high yield pulping methods and other known pulping methods. Fibers prepared from organosolv pulping methods can also be used.

[0038] Uma porção das fibras, como até 50% ou menos em peso seco, ou de cerca de 5% a cerca de 30% em peso seco, pode ser fibras sintéticas. Os tipos de fibra de celulose regenerada ou modificada incluem rayon em todas as suas variedades e outras fibras derivadas de viscose ou celulose quimicamente modificada. Fibras celulósicas naturais quimicamente tratadas podem ser utilizadas como polpas mercerizadas, fibras quimicamente endurecidas ou reticuladas ou fibras sulfonadas. Para obter boas propriedades mecânicas das fibras para a fabricação de papel, é desejável que as fibras estejam relativamente não danificadas, em grande parte não refinadas ou apenas levemente refinadas. Embora possam ser usadas fibras recicladas, as fibras virgens geralmente são úteis por suas propriedades mecânicas ideais e ausência de contaminantes. Fibras mercerizadas, fibras de celulose regeneradas, celulose produzida por micróbios, rayon e outros materiais celulósicos ou derivados de celulose podem ser usados. As fibras para fabricação de papel apropriado também podem incluir fibras recicladas, fibras virgens ou suas misturas. Em certos aspectos, capazes de alto volume e boas propriedades compressivas, as fibras podem ter uma Freeness Standard Canadense de pelo menos 200, mais especificamente pelo menos 300, mais especificamente ainda pelo menos 400 e, mais especificamente, pelo menos 500.[0038] A portion of the fibers, such as up to 50% or less by dry weight, or from about 5% to about 30% by dry weight, may be synthetic fibers. Regenerated or modified cellulose fiber types include rayon in all its varieties and other fibers derived from viscose or chemically modified cellulose. Chemically treated natural cellulosic fibers can be used as mercerized pulps, chemically stiffened or crosslinked fibers or sulfonated fibers. To obtain good mechanical properties of papermaking fibers, it is desirable for the fibers to be relatively undamaged, largely unrefined or only lightly refined. Although recycled fibers can be used, virgin fibers are generally useful for their ideal mechanical properties and lack of contaminants. Mercerized fibers, regenerated cellulose fibers, cellulose produced by microbes, rayon and other cellulosic materials or cellulose derivatives can be used. Suitable papermaking fibers can also include recycled fibers, virgin fibers or mixtures thereof. In certain respects, capable of high volume and good compressive properties, fibers may have a Canadian Standard Freeness of at least 200, more specifically at least 300, even more specifically at least 400, and more specifically at least 500.

[0039] Outras fibras para fabricação de papel que podem ser usadas na presente publicação incluem aparas fabris oriundas de fábricas de papel, fibras recicladas e fibras de alto rendimento. As fibras de celulose de alto rendimento são as fibras de fabricação de papel, produzidas por processos de polpação, que fornecer um rendimento de cerca de 65% ou maior, mais especificamente cerca de 75% ou maior e ainda mais especificamente cerca de 75% até cerca de 95%. O termo "rendimento" é o montante resultante das fibras processadas expressas em percentagem da massa inicial de madeira. Tais processos de polpação incluem celulose termo-químio-mecânica branqueada (BCTMP), celulose termo-químio-mecânica (CTMP), celulose termomecânica de pressão/pressão (PTMP), celulose termomecânica (TMP), celulose química termomecânica (TMCP), celuloses sulfite de alto rendimento e polpas Kraft de alto rendimento, que deixam as fibras resultantes com altos níveis de lignina. Fibras de alto rendimento são bem conhecidas por sua rigidez nos estados secos e úmidos em relação às fibras típicas quimicamente reduzidas a polpa.[0039] Other papermaking fibers that may be used in the present publication include mill chips from paper mills, recycled fibers, and high yield fibers. High yield cellulose fibers are papermaking fibers produced by pulping processes that provide a yield of about 65% or greater, more specifically about 75% or greater, and even more specifically about 75% up to about 95%. The term "yield" is the resulting amount of processed fibers expressed as a percentage of the initial mass of wood. Such pulping processes include bleached thermo-chemo-mechanical pulp (BCTMP), thermo-chemo-mechanical pulp (CTMP), pressure/pressure thermomechanical pulp (PTMP), thermomechanical pulp (TMP), chemical thermomechanical pulp (TMCP), high-yield sulphite and high-yield Kraft pulps, which leave the resulting fibers with high levels of lignin. High yield fibers are well known for their stiffness in the dry and wet states relative to typical chemically pulped fibers.

[0040] Outros aditivos químicos opcionais podem também ser adicionados à matéria-prima aquosa de fabricação de papel ou à manta embrionária formada para transmitir benefícios adicionais ao produto e processo. Os seguintes materiais estão incluídos como exemplos de produtos químicos adicionais que podem ser aplicados à manta. Os produtos químicos são incluídos como exemplos e não se destinam a limitar o escopo da divulgação. Esses produtos químicos podem ser adicionados em qualquer ponto do processo de fabricação de papel.[0040] Other optional chemical additives may also be added to the aqueous papermaking feedstock or formed embryonic mat to impart additional benefits to the product and process. The following materials are included as examples of additional chemicals that can be applied to the blanket. Chemicals are included as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. These chemicals can be added at any point in the papermaking process.

[0041] Outros tipos de produtos químicos que podem ser adicionados à manta de papel incluem, mas não se limitam a auxiliares de absorção geralmente na forma de surfactantes catiônicos, aniônicos ou não iônicos, umectantes e agentes plastificantes, tais como polietileno glicóis de baixo peso molecular e compostos de poli-hidróxi, tais como glicerina e propileno glicol. Materiais que proporcionam benefícios para a saúde da pele, tais como óleo mineral, extrato de aloé, vitamina E, silicone, loções em geral e similares também podem ser incorporados aos produtos acabados.[0041] Other types of chemicals that can be added to the paper web include, but are not limited to, absorption aids generally in the form of cationic, anionic, or non-ionic surfactants, wetting agents, and plasticizing agents, such as low weight polyethylene glycols molecular and polyhydroxy compounds such as glycerin and propylene glycol. Materials that provide skin health benefits, such as mineral oil, aloe extract, vitamin E, silicone, lotions in general and the like can also be incorporated into the finished products.

[0042] Em geral, os produtos da presente invenção podem ser utilizados em conjunto com quaisquer materiais conhecidos e produtos químicos que não sejam antagonistas ao seu uso pretendido. Exemplos de tais materiais incluem, mas não estão limitados a agentes de controle de odor, tais como absorventes de odor, fibras e partículas de carvão ativado, talco, bicarbonato de sódio, agentes quelantes, zeólitos, perfumes ou outros agentes de mascaramento de odores, compostos de ciclodextrina, oxidantes e semelhantes. Partículas superabsorventes também podem ser empregadas. Opções adicionais incluem corantes catiônicos, branqueadores ópticos, umectantes, emolientes, e semelhantes.[0042] In general, the products of the present invention can be used in conjunction with any known materials and chemicals that are not antagonistic to their intended use. Examples of such materials include, but are not limited to, odor control agents such as odor absorbers, activated carbon fibers and particles, talc, baking soda, chelating agents, zeolites, perfumes or other odor masking agents, cyclodextrin compounds, oxidants and the like. Superabsorbent particles can also be used. Additional options include cationic colorants, optical brighteners, humectants, emollients, and the like.

[0043] A gramatura das folhas contínuas feitas de acordo com a presente publicação pode variar dependendo do produto final. Por exemplo, o processo pode ser utilizado para produzir papel higiênico, lenços faciais, toalhas de papel, panos para limpeza industrial e semelhantes. Em geral, a gramatura dos produtos de papel tissue pode variar de cerca de 6 g/m2 a cerca de 120 g/m2, tal como de cerca de 10 g/m2 a cerca de 90 g/m2. Para papel higiênico e lenços faciais, por exemplo, a gramatura pode variar de cerca de 10 g/m2 a cerca de 40 g/m2. Para toalhas de papel, por outro lado, a gramatura pode variar de cerca de 25 g/m2 a cerca de 80 g/m2.[0043] The grammage of continuous sheets made in accordance with this publication may vary depending on the final product. For example, the process can be used to produce toilet paper, facial tissues, paper towels, industrial cleaning cloths and the like. In general, the grammage of tissue paper products can vary from about 6 g/m2 to about 120 g/m2, such as from about 10 g/m2 to about 90 g/m2. For toilet paper and facial tissue, for example, weight can vary from about 10 g/m2 to about 40 g/m2. For paper towels, on the other hand, the basis weight can vary from about 25 g/m2 to about 80 g/m2.

[0044] O volume da manta de papel tissue também pode variar de cerca de 3 cm3/g a cerca de 30 cm3/g, ou tal como de cerca de 5 cm3/g a 15 cm3/g. A "densidade" da folha é calculado como o quociente entre a espessura da folha seca expressa em mícrons, dividido pelo peso base a seco, expressa em gramas por metro quadrado. A densidade de folha resultante é expressa em centímetros cúbicos por grama. Mais especificamente, a espessura é medida como a grossura total de uma pilha de dez folhas representativas e dividido pela grossura total da pilha por dez, onde cada folha dentro da pilha é colocada com o mesmo lado voltado para cima. A espessura é medida de acordo com o método de teste TAPPI T411 om-89 “Espessura (calibre) de papel, papel-cartão e papelão" com nota 3 para folhas empilhadas. O micrômetro utilizado para a realização de T411 om-89 é um Testador de Calibre de Tecido Emveco 200-A, disponível por Emveco, Inc., Newberg, Oregon. O micrômetro possui uma carga de 2,00 kilo-Pascais (132 gramas por polegada quadrada), uma área de pressão de 2500 milímetros quadrados, um diâmetro de pressão de 56,42 milímetros, um tempo de permanência de 3 segundos e uma taxa de redução de 0,8 milímetros por segundo.[0044] The volume of the tissue paper web can also vary from about 3 cm 3 /g to about 30 cm 3 /g, or such as from about 5 cm 3 /g to 15 cm 3 /g. Sheet "density" is calculated as the quotient of the dry sheet thickness expressed in microns divided by the dry basis weight expressed in grams per square meter. The resulting sheet density is expressed in cubic centimeters per gram. More specifically, thickness is measured as the total thickness of a stack of ten representative sheets and divided by the total thickness of the stack by ten, where each sheet within the stack is placed with the same side facing up. Thickness is measured in accordance with TAPPI test method T411 om-89 “Thickness (gauge) of paper, paperboard and cardboard" with grade 3 for stacked sheets. The micrometer used for performing T411 om-89 is a Emveco 200-A Fabric Gauge Tester, available from Emveco, Inc., Newberg, Ore. The micrometer has a load of 2.00 kilo-Pascals (132 grams per square inch), a pressure area of 2500 square millimeters, a pressure diameter of 56.42 millimeters, a dwell time of 3 seconds, and a reduction rate of 0.8 millimeters per second.

[0045] Em produtos de várias camadas, a gramatura de cada manta de papel tissue presente no produto também pode variar. Em geral, a gramatura total de um produto de camadas múltiplas será geralmente a mesma que a indicada acima, tal como entre cerca de 15 g/m2 e cerca de 120 g/m2. Assim, a gramatura de cada camada pode ser de cerca de 10 g/m2 a cerca de 60 g/m2, tal como de cerca de 20 g/m2 a cerca de 40 g/m2.[0045] In multilayer products, the grammage of each tissue paper blanket present in the product may also vary. In general, the total grammage of a multiply product will generally be the same as indicated above, such as between about 15 g/m2 and about 120 g/m2. Thus, the grammage of each layer can be from about 10 g/m2 to about 60 g/m2, such as from about 20 g/m2 to about 40 g/m2.

EXEMPLOSEXAMPLES

[0046] Para a presente divulgação, as folhas de base foram feitas usando uma caixa de entrada padrão de três camadas. Essa estrutura da caixa de entrada permite que sejam produzidas estruturas em camadas e homogêneas (todos os tipos de fibras misturadas ao longo da folha). Ambas as estruturas de folha foram feitas para apoiar esta divulgação.[0046] For the present disclosure, the base sheets were made using a standard three-ply headbox. This headbox structure allows layered and homogeneous structures (all types of fibers mixed throughout the sheet) to be produced. Both sheet structures were made to support this disclosure.

[0047] Exemplos para a presente divulgação incluem uma folha em camadas com 100% de celulose para as camadas externas, usando parâmetros de processo convencionais de camada úmida (pasta de polpa processada a partir de caixas de máquinas usando bombas e configurações padrão). A camada central foi formada em espuma, executada a partir de caixas de descarga onde a pasta de espuma de 100% de fibra ligante sintética T-255 foi gerada pela adição de surfactante e misturada. Uma camada de até 40% de fibra sintética foi formada para a camada central.[0047] Examples for the present disclosure include a layered sheet with 100% cellulose for the outer layers, using conventional wet layer process parameters (pulp slurry processed from machine boxes using standard pumps and settings). The core layer was foamed, run from spouts where T-255 synthetic binder fiber 100% foam slurry was generated by adding surfactant and blending. A layer of up to 40% synthetic fiber has been formed for the center layer.

[0048] Os diferentes códigos de papel tissue gerados para esta divulgação estão descritos na Tabela 1, juntamente com as propriedades demonstradas por cada código de papel tissue. Tabela 1. Composições e Propriedades de Papel Tissue

Figure img0001
[0048] The different tissue paper codes generated for this disclosure are described in Table 1, along with the properties demonstrated by each tissue paper code. Table 1. Compositions and Properties of Tissue Paper
Figure img0001

[0049] As gramaturas foram de 40,5 g/m2 para o Código 1, 42 g/m2 para o Código 2 e 40 g/m2 para os Códigos 3-5. Euc é eucalipto. Os Códigos 2 e 5 mostram uma comparação direta entre substratos em camadas e misturados usando as mesmas quantidades totais de fibra.[0049] The weights were 40.5 g/m2 for Code 1, 42 g/m2 for Code 2 and 40 g/m2 for Codes 3-5. Euc is eucalyptus. Codes 2 and 5 show a direct comparison between layered and blended substrates using the same total fiber amounts.

[0050] GMT é a resistência à tração média geométrica que leva em consideração a resistência à tração na direção da máquina (MD) e a resistência à tração na direção transversal à máquina (CD). Para os fins deste documento, a resistência à tração pode ser medida usando um testador de tração SINTECH com uma largura de garra de 3 polegadas (largura da amostra), uma extensão de garra de 2 polegadas (comprimento de bitola) e uma velocidade de tração de 25,4 centímetros por minuto após a manutenção da amostra sob condições TAPPI por 4 horas antes do teste. A “resistência à tração MD” é a carga máxima por 3 polegadas do comprimento da amostra, quando ela é puxada no sentido da máquina, até se romper. Da mesma forma, a “resistência à tração CD” representa a carga máxima por 3 polegadas do comprimento da amostra quando ela é puxada no sentido transversal à máquina até se romper. O GMT é a raiz quadrada do produto da resistência à tração MD e da resistência à tração CD da manta. O "alongamento CD" e o "alongamento MD" são a quantidade de alongamento da amostra na direção transversal à máquina e na direção da máquina, respectivamente, no ponto de ruptura, expresso como uma porcentagem do comprimento inicial da amostra.[0050] GMT is the geometric mean tensile strength that takes into account the tensile strength in the machine direction (MD) and the tensile strength in the cross-machine direction (CD). For the purposes of this document, tensile strength can be measured using a SINTECH tensile tester with a grip width of 3 inches (sample width), a grip length of 2 inches (gauge length), and a pull speed of 25.4 centimeters per minute after holding the sample under TAPPI conditions for 4 hours prior to testing. “MD Tensile Strength” is the maximum load per 3 inches of specimen length when pulled in the machine direction until failure. Likewise, the “CD Tensile Strength” represents the maximum load per 3 inches of the length of the specimen when it is pulled across the machine until it breaks. The GMT is the square root of the product of the MD tensile strength and the CD tensile strength of the mat. The "CD elongation" and "MD elongation" are the amount of elongation of the specimen in the cross-machine direction and in the machine direction, respectively, at the breaking point, expressed as a percentage of the initial length of the specimen.

[0051] Mais particularmente, as amostras para o teste de resistência à tração são preparadas cortando uma faixa de 3 polegadas (76,2 mm) de largura por pelo menos 4 polegadas (101,6 mm) de tira na orientação da direção da máquina (MD) ou da direção transversal à máquina (CD) usando um Cortador de Amostras de Precisão JDC (Thwing-Albert Instrument Company, Filadélfia, Pa., Modelo N° JDC 3-10, N° de Série 37333). O instrumento usado para medir a resistência à tração é um número de série SINTECH, de MTS Systems 1G/071896/116. O software de aquisição de dados é MTS TestWorks.RTM. para Windows Ver. 4.0 (MTS Systems Corp., Eden Prairie, Minn.). A célula de carga é uma célula de carga máxima de 25 Newton MTS. O comprimento de referência entre as garras é de 2±0,04 polegadas (76,2±1 mm). As garras são operadas por meio de ação pneumática e são revestidas de borracha. A largura mínima da face de aderência é de 3 polegadas (76,2 mm) e a altura aproximada da garra é de 0,5 polegadas (12,7 mm). A sensibilidade à quebra é definida em 40%. A amostra é colocada nas garras do instrumento, centralizada vertical e horizontalmente. Para ajustar a folga inicial, é aplicada uma pré-carga de 1 grama (força) à taxa de 0,1 polegada por minuto para cada execução de teste. O teste é iniciado e termina quando a força cai em 40 por cento do pico. A carga máxima é registrada como “resistência à tração MD” ou “resistência à tração CD” do espécime, dependendo da amostra que está sendo testada. Pelo menos 3 amostras representativas são testadas para cada produto, tiradas "como estão", e a média aritmética de todos os testes de amostras individuais é a resistência à tração MD ou CD do produto.[0051] More particularly, the samples for the tensile strength test are prepared by cutting a strip 3 inches (76.2 mm) wide by at least 4 inches (101.6 mm) of strip in the orientation of the machine direction (MD) or cross-machine direction (CD) using a JDC Precision Specimen Cutter (Thwing-Albert Instrument Company, Philadelphia, Pa., Model No. JDC 3-10, Serial No. 37333). The instrument used to measure tensile strength is a SINTECH serial number from MTS Systems 1G/071896/116. The data acquisition software is MTS TestWorks.RTM. for Windows Ver. 4.0 (MTS Systems Corp., Eden Prairie, Minn.). The load cell is a 25 Newton MTS maximum load cell. The reference length between the jaws is 2±0.04 inches (76.2±1 mm). The grippers are operated via pneumatic action and are rubber coated. The minimum grip face width is 3 inches (76.2 mm) and the approximate grip height is 0.5 inches (12.7 mm). Break sensitivity is set to 40%. The sample is placed in the instrument's jaws, centered vertically and horizontally. To adjust the initial gap, a preload of 1 gram (force) is applied at the rate of 0.1 inch per minute for each test run. The test starts and ends when the force drops to 40 percent of peak. The maximum load is recorded as the “MD tensile strength” or “CD tensile strength” of the specimen, depending on the specimen being tested. At least 3 representative samples are tested for each product, taken "as is", and the arithmetic mean of all individual sample tests is the MD or CD tensile strength of the product.

[0052] Além da razão de tração úmida/seca significativamente aprimorada demonstrada na Tabela 1, os dados também indicaram que os papeis tissue UCTAD em camadas listados na Tabela 1 exibem maciez e absorvência melhoradas, como mostrado na Tabela 2.[0052] In addition to the significantly improved wet/dry tensile ratio shown in Table 1, the data also indicated that the layered UCTAD tissue papers listed in Table 1 exhibit improved softness and absorbency, as shown in Table 2.

[0053] Os dois códigos de controle descritos na Tabela 2 consistem em uma folha de fibra mista homogênea contendo 100% de fibra de celulose (controles UCTAD Bath CHF de janeiro de 2015 a setembro de 2016). PBS significa Premium Bath Score e é derivado da formulação abaixo, consistindo em vários testes do Painel Sensorial realizados na folha de base de papeis tissue. PBS = 5*(Fuzzy Médio + Volume - Rigidez - Gritty Médio) + 25[0053] The two control codes described in Table 2 consist of a homogeneous mixed fiber sheet containing 100% cellulose fiber (UCTAD Bath CHF controls from January 2015 to September 2016). PBS stands for Premium Bath Score and is derived from the formulation below, consisting of various Sensory Panel tests performed on the base sheet of tissue papers. PBS = 5*(Medium Fuzzy + Volume - Stiffness - Medium Gritty) + 25

[0054] Quanto maior o valor de PBS, mais macio é o papel tissue. A Tabela 2 demonstra que estruturas em camadas, com a mesma resistência, exibem uma suavidade aprimorada em comparação com estruturas homogêneas. Tabela 2. Suavidade Percebida do Papel Tissue

Figure img0002
[0054] The higher the PBS value, the softer the tissue paper. Table 2 demonstrates that layered structures, with the same strength, exhibit improved smoothness compared to homogeneous structures. Table 2. Perceived Softness of Tissue Paper
Figure img0002

[0055] Observação: *Os Códigos 1 e 2 são os mesmos materiais que os Códigos 1 e 2 na Tabela 1, exceto que os Códigos 1 e 2 na Tabela 2 foram calandrados. GMT é a resistência à tração média geométrica e é descrito acima em mais detalhes.[0055] Note: *Codes 1 and 2 are the same materials as Codes 1 and 2 in Table 1, except that Codes 1 and 2 in Table 2 have been calendered. GMT is the geometric mean tensile strength and is described above in more detail.

[0056] Os Códigos 1 e 2 foram fabricados como papel higiênico. Conforme demonstrado na Tabela 3, o papel higiênico dos Códigos 1 e 2 com estruturas em camadas exibiu a mesma ou levemente melhor absorvência que os produtos de toalha comerciais atuais. Os produtos de toalha normalmente têm maior absorção do que o papel higiênico. A capacidade de absorção é determinada usando uma amostra de 4 por 4 polegadas (10 por 10 cm) inicialmente pesada. O espécime pesado é então embebido em um recipiente de fluido de teste (por exemplo, óleo de parafina ou água) por três minutos. O fluido de teste deve ter pelo menos 2 polegadas (5,08 cm) de profundidade no recipiente. A amostra é removida do fluido de teste e deixada escorrer enquanto pendurada na posição em forma de "diamante" (ou seja, com um canto no ponto mais baixo). A amostra é deixada a drenar por três minutos em água e cinco minutos em óleo. Após o tempo de drenagem previsto, a amostra é colocada em um prato de pesagem e pesada. A absorvência de ácidos ou bases com uma viscosidade mais semelhante à água é testada de acordo com o procedimento para testar a capacidade de absorção de água. Capacidade de Absorção (g)=peso úmido (g)-peso seco (g); e Capacidade de Absorção Específica (g/g)=Capacidade de Absorção (g)/peso seco (g). Tabela 3. Dados de Absorvência como Capacidade de Absorção Específica em g/g

Figure img0003
[0056] Codes 1 and 2 were manufactured like toilet paper. As shown in Table 3, Code 1 and 2 toilet paper with layered structures exhibited the same or slightly better absorbency than current commercial towel products. Towel products typically have greater absorbency than toilet paper. Absorptive capacity is determined using a 4 by 4 inch (10 by 10 cm) sample initially weighed. The weighed specimen is then soaked in a container of testing fluid (eg, paraffin oil or water) for three minutes. The test fluid must be at least 2 inches (5.08 cm) deep in the container. The sample is removed from the test fluid and allowed to drain while hanging in the "diamond" position (ie, with a corner at the lowest point). The sample is allowed to drain for three minutes in water and five minutes in oil. After the expected drain time, the sample is placed in a weighing pan and weighed. The absorbency of acids or bases with a viscosity more like water is tested according to the procedure for testing water absorbency. Absorption capacity (g)=wet weight (g)-dry weight (g); and Specific Absorption Capacity (g/g)=Absorption Capacity (g)/dry weight (g). Table 3. Absorbance Data as Specific Absorption Capacity in g/g
Figure img0003

[0057] Observação: *Os Códigos 1 e 2 são os mesmos materiais que os Códigos 1 e 2 na Tabela 1, exceto que os Códigos 1 e 2 na Tabela 2 foram calandrados.[0057] Note: *Codes 1 and 2 are the same materials as Codes 1 and 2 in Table 1, except that Codes 1 and 2 in Table 2 have been calendered.

[0058] Deve-se notar que, embora os exemplos nesta divulgação tenham sido produzidos usando um processo de formação de espuma, a divulgação não deve se limitar a esse processo. O processo de formação de espuma é empregado devido à sua capacidade de lidar com fibras longas, como fibras aglutinantes de 6 ou 12 mm. Por outro lado, se uma fibra curta aglutinante (por exemplo, 2 mm ou menos) for usada, a mesma estrutura em camadas poderá ser produzida usando um processo padrão de formação de água.[0058] It should be noted that although the examples in this disclosure were produced using a foaming process, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to that process. The foaming process is employed due to its ability to handle long fibers such as 6mm or 12mm binder fibers. On the other hand, if a short binder fiber (eg 2 mm or less) is used, the same layered structure can be produced using a standard water forming process.

RESULTADOSRESULTS

[0059] Conforme demonstrado nas Tabelas 1-3, a estrutura em camadas com duas camadas externas ricas em fibra de celulose e uma camada média rica em fibras sintéticas não lineares exibe um aprimoramento significativo na razão de tração úmida/seco quando comparada a um substrato com a mesma composição de fibra, mas homogeneamente misturado (isto é, uma estrutura sem camadas). Isso pode ser visto melhor em uma comparação entre os Códigos 2 e 5 na Tabela 1. Dados adicionais são fornecidos na Fig. 2, demonstrando a melhoria na razão de tração úmida/seco em substratos com camadas versus sem camadas com as mesmas composições de fibras.[0059] As shown in Tables 1-3, the layered structure with two outer layers rich in cellulose fiber and a middle layer rich in non-linear synthetic fibers exhibits a significant improvement in the wet/dry tensile ratio when compared to a substrate with the same fiber composition but homogeneously blended (i.e. a layerless structure). This can best be seen in a comparison between Codes 2 and 5 in Table 1. Additional data is provided in Fig. 2, demonstrating the improvement in wet/dry tensile ratio on layered versus non-layered substrates with the same fiber compositions.

[0060] Em um primeiro aspecto particular, um método para produzir um substrato multicamada formado por espuma inclui a produção de uma espuma à base de água, incluindo pelo menos 3% em peso de fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares, em que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares têm um comprimento médio maior de 2 mm; formar em conjunto uma camada de folha úmida a partir da espuma de base aquosa e uma camada de fibra celulósica, em que a camada de fibra celulósica inclui pelo menos 60 por cento em peso de fibras celulósicas; e secar as camadas combinadas para obter o substrato multicamada formado por espuma.[0060] In a first particular aspect, a method for producing a foam-formed multilayer substrate includes producing a water-based foam including at least 3% by weight of non-linear synthetic binder fibers, wherein the synthetic binder fibers nonlinear have an average length greater than 2 mm; forming together a wet sheet layer from the water-based foam and a cellulosic fiber layer, wherein the cellulosic fiber layer includes at least 60 weight percent cellulosic fibers; and drying the combined layers to obtain the foamed multilayer substrate.

[0061] Um segundo aspecto particular inclui o primeiro aspecto particular, em que a camada formada por espuma tem uma densidade seca entre 0,008 g/cm3 e 0,1 g/cm3.[0061] A second particular aspect includes the first particular aspect, wherein the layer formed by foam has a dry density between 0.008 g/cm 3 and 0.1 g/cm 3 .

[0062] Um terceiro aspecto particular inclui o primeiro e/ou o segundo aspectos, em que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares têm um comprimento médio de 4 mm a 60 mm.[0062] A third particular aspect includes the first and/or the second aspects, wherein the non-linear synthetic binder fibers have an average length of 4 mm to 60 mm.

[0063] Um quarto aspecto particular inclui um ou mais dos aspectos 1 a 3, em que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares têm um comprimento médio de 6 mm a 30 mm.[0063] A fourth particular aspect includes one or more of aspects 1 to 3, wherein the non-linear synthetic binder fibers have an average length of 6 mm to 30 mm.

[0064] Um quinto aspecto particular inclui um ou mais dos aspectos 1 a 4, em que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares têm um diâmetro de pelo menos 1,5 dtex.[0064] A fifth particular aspect includes one or more of aspects 1 to 4, wherein the non-linear synthetic binder fibers have a diameter of at least 1.5 dtex.

[0065] Um sexto aspecto particular inclui um ou mais dos aspectos 1 a 5, em que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares têm uma estrutura ondulada tridimensional.[0065] A sixth particular aspect includes one or more of aspects 1 to 5, wherein the non-linear synthetic binder fibers have a three-dimensional corrugated structure.

[0066] Um sétimo aspecto particular inclui um ou mais dos aspectos 1 a 6, em que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares têm uma estrutura prensada tridimensional.[0066] A seventh particular aspect includes one or more of aspects 1 to 6, wherein the non-linear synthetic binder fibers have a three-dimensional pressed structure.

[0067] Um oitavo aspecto particular inclui um ou mais dos aspectos 1 a 7, em que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares são fibras bicomponentes.[0067] An eighth particular aspect includes one or more of aspects 1 to 7, wherein the non-linear synthetic binder fibers are bicomponent fibers.

[0068] Um nono aspecto particular inclui um ou mais dos aspectos 1 a 8, em que as fibras bicomponentes são fibras bicomponentes com núcleo excêntrico.[0068] A ninth particular aspect includes one or more of aspects 1 to 8, wherein the bicomponent fibers are eccentric core bicomponent fibers.

[0069] Um décimo aspecto particular inclui um ou mais dos aspectos 1 a 9, em que a bainha é polietileno e o núcleo é poliéster.[0069] A tenth particular aspect includes one or more of aspects 1 to 9, wherein the sheath is polyethylene and the core is polyester.

[0070] Um décimo primeiro aspecto particular inclui um ou mais dos aspectos 1 a 10, em que a produção inclui pelo menos 10% em peso de fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares.[0070] An eleventh particular aspect includes one or more of aspects 1 to 10, wherein the production includes at least 10% by weight of non-linear synthetic binder fibers.

[0071] Um décimo segundo aspecto particular inclui um ou mais dos aspectos 1 a 11, em que o substrato de múltiplas camadas tem uma razão de tração úmida/seca de 60% ou mais.[0071] A twelfth particular aspect includes one or more of aspects 1 to 11, wherein the multilayer substrate has a wet/dry tensile ratio of 60% or greater.

[0072] Um décimo terceiro aspecto particular inclui um ou mais dos aspectos 1 a 12, em que as fibras celulósicas são fibras de eucalipto.[0072] A thirteenth particular aspect includes one or more of aspects 1 to 12, wherein the cellulosic fibers are eucalyptus fibers.

[0073] Em um décimo quarto aspecto particular, um substrato de múltiplas camadas inclui uma primeira camada que inclui pelo menos 60 por cento em peso de fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares com um comprimento médio superior a 2 mm; e uma segunda camada incluindo pelo menos 60 por cento em peso de fibra celulósica, em que a primeira camada está em uma relação de frente-a-frente com a segunda camada e em que o substrato de múltiplas camadas tem uma razão de tração úmida/seca de pelo menos 60%.[0073] In a fourteenth particular aspect, a multilayer substrate includes a first layer that includes at least 60 percent by weight of nonlinear synthetic binder fibers having an average length greater than 2 mm; and a second ply including at least 60 weight percent cellulosic fiber, wherein the first ply is in a face-to-face relationship with the second ply and wherein the multi-ply substrate has a wet/wet tensile ratio dryness of at least 60%.

[0074] Um décimo quinto aspecto particular inclui o décimo quarto aspecto particular, em que o substrato multicamada exibe maior suavidade e absorção do que um substrato fibroso homogêneo com a mesma composição de fibra.[0074] A fifteenth particular aspect includes the fourteenth particular aspect, wherein the multilayer substrate exhibits greater softness and absorption than a homogeneous fibrous substrate having the same fiber composition.

[0075] Um décimo sexto aspecto particular inclui o décimo quarto e/ou décimo quinto aspecto, em que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares têm um comprimento médio de 6 mm a 30 mm e um diâmetro médio de pelo menos 1,5 dtex.[0075] A sixteenth particular aspect includes the fourteenth and/or fifteenth aspect, wherein the non-linear synthetic binder fibers have an average length of 6 mm to 30 mm and an average diameter of at least 1.5 dtex.

[0076] Um décimo sétimo aspecto particular inclui um ou mais dos aspectos 14 a 16, em que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares têm uma estrutura tridimensional ondulada ou prensada.[0076] A particular seventeenth aspect includes one or more of aspects 14 to 16, wherein the non-linear synthetic binder fibers have a crimped or pressed three-dimensional structure.

[0077] Um décimo oitavo aspecto particular inclui um ou mais dos aspectos 14 a 17, em que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares são fibras de dois componentes com núcleo excêntrico.[0077] An eighteenth particular aspect includes one or more of aspects 14 to 17, wherein the non-linear synthetic binder fibers are eccentric core bicomponent fibers.

[0078] Um décimo nono aspecto particular inclui um ou mais dos aspectos 14 a 18, em que a bainha é polietileno e o núcleo é poliéster.[0078] A particular nineteenth aspect includes one or more of aspects 14 to 18, wherein the sheath is polyethylene and the core is polyester.

[0079] Em um vigésimo aspecto particular, um substrato multicamada inclui uma primeira camada que inclui pelo menos 60 por cento em peso de fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares com um comprimento médio maior que 2 mm, em que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares têm um efeito tridimensional ondulado ou estrutura frisada e são fibras bicomponentes com núcleo excêntrico; e uma segunda camada, incluindo pelo menos 60 por cento em peso de fibra celulósica, em que a primeira camada está em uma relação frente-a-frente com a segunda camada, em que o substrato multicamada tem uma taxa de tração úmida/seca de pelo menos 60% e em que o substrato multicamada exibe maior maciez e absorvência do que um substrato fibroso homogêneo com a mesma composição de fibra.[0079] In a twentieth particular aspect, a multilayer substrate includes a first layer that includes at least 60 percent by weight of nonlinear synthetic binder fibers with an average length greater than 2 mm, wherein the nonlinear synthetic binder fibers have a wavy three-dimensional effect or crimped structure and are bicomponent fibers with eccentric core; and a second ply, including at least 60 weight percent cellulosic fiber, wherein the first ply is in a face-to-face relationship with the second ply, wherein the multiply substrate has a wet/dry tensile ratio of at least 60% and where the multilayer substrate exhibits greater softness and absorbency than a homogeneous fibrous substrate of the same fiber composition.

[0080] Estas e outras modificações e variações da presente publicação podem ser praticadas pelos peritos no ofício, sem se afastar do espírito e âmbito da presente invenção, a qual é mais particularmente definida nas reivindicações anexas. Além disso, deve entender-se que os aspectos das várias formas de realização da presente divulgação podem ser trocados entre si, tanto na totalidade quanto em parte. Além disso, aqueles versados na técnica notarão que a descrição supracitada tem como finalidade apenas a exemplificação, e não deve ser interpretada como uma limitação da invenção, descrita com mais detalhes nas reivindicações anexadas.[0080] These and other modifications and variations of the present publication may be practiced by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is more particularly defined in the appended claims. Furthermore, it is to be understood that aspects of the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be interchanged with each other, both in whole and in part. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will note that the above description is for exemplary purposes only, and should not be interpreted as a limitation of the invention, described in more detail in the appended claims.

Claims (14)

1. Método para produzir um substrato multicamada formado por espuma, o método caracterizado pelo fato de que compreende: produzir uma espuma à base de água, incluindo pelo menos 3% em peso de fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares, em que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares têm um comprimento médio superior a 2 mm; formar camadas combinadas pela combinação junta de uma camada de folha úmida a partir da espuma de base aquosa e uma camada de fibra celulósica, em que a camada de fibra celulósica inclui pelo menos 60% em peso de fibras celulósicas; expor as camadas combinadas para aquecer de modo que pelo menos uma porção das fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares funda para formar ligações interfibras; e secar as camadas combinadas para obter o substrato multicamada formado por espuma.1. Method for producing a foam-formed multilayer substrate, the method characterized in that it comprises: producing a water-based foam including at least 3% by weight of non-linear synthetic binder fibers, wherein the synthetic binder fibers are not linear have an average length greater than 2 mm; forming blended layers by combining together a wet sheet layer from the water-based foam and a cellulosic fiber layer, wherein the cellulosic fiber layer includes at least 60% by weight of cellulosic fibers; exposing the blended layers to heat so that at least a portion of the non-linear synthetic binder fibers melt to form interfiber bonds; and drying the combined layers to obtain the foamed multilayer substrate. 2. Método de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato de que a camada de folha úmida da espuma à base de água tem uma densidade seca entre 0,008 g/cm3 e 0,1 g/cm3.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the wet sheet layer of the water-based foam has a dry density between 0.008 g/cm3 and 0.1 g/cm3. 3. Método de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato de que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares têm um comprimento médio de 4 mm a 60 mm.3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-linear synthetic binder fibers have an average length of 4 mm to 60 mm. 4. Método de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato de que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares têm um comprimento médio de 6 mm a 30 mm.4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-linear synthetic binder fibers have an average length of 6 mm to 30 mm. 5. Método de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato de que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares têm um diâmetro de pelo menos 1,5 dtex.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-linear synthetic binder fibers have a diameter of at least 1.5 dtex. 6. Método de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato de que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares têm uma estrutura tridimensional dobrada ou enrolada.6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-linear synthetic binder fibers have a folded or wound three-dimensional structure. 7. Método de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato de que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares têm uma estrutura prensada tridimensional.7. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-linear synthetic binder fibers have a three-dimensional pressed structure. 8. Método de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato de que as fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares são fibras bicomponentes.8. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-linear synthetic binder fibers are bicomponent fibers. 9. Método de acordo com a reivindicação 8, caracterizado pelo fato de que as fibras bicomponentes são fibras bicomponentes com núcleo excêntrico.9. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the bicomponent fibers are bicomponent fibers with an eccentric core. 10. Método de acordo com a reivindicação 9, caracterizado pelo fato de que a bainha é polietileno e o núcleo é poliéster.10. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the sheath is polyethylene and the core is polyester. 11. Método de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato de que a produção inclui pelo menos 10% em peso de fibras aglutinantes sintéticas não lineares.11. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the production includes at least 10% by weight of non-linear synthetic binder fibers. 12. Método de acordo com a reivindicação 11, caracterizado pelo fato de que o substrato mulitcamada tem uma razão de tração úmida/seca de 60% ou mais.12. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the multilayer substrate has a wet/dry tensile ratio of 60% or more. 13. Método de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato de que as fibras celulósicas são fibras de eucalipto.13. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cellulosic fibers are eucalyptus fibers. 14. Método de acordo com a reivindicação 12, caracterizado pelo fato de que o substrato multicamada formado por espuma é produzido em um modo de secagem ao ar livre.A method according to claim 12, characterized in that the foamed multilayer substrate is produced in an open-air drying mode.
BR112020007694-5A 2017-11-29 2017-11-29 METHOD FOR PRODUCING A MULTILAYER SUBSTRATE FORMED BY FOAM BR112020007694B1 (en)

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