WO2024051245A1 - 信号处理的方法及装置 - Google Patents

信号处理的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024051245A1
WO2024051245A1 PCT/CN2023/100003 CN2023100003W WO2024051245A1 WO 2024051245 A1 WO2024051245 A1 WO 2024051245A1 CN 2023100003 W CN2023100003 W CN 2023100003W WO 2024051245 A1 WO2024051245 A1 WO 2024051245A1
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Prior art keywords
sequence
elements
chips
signal
threshold
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PCT/CN2023/100003
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘辰辰
钱彬
杨洋
周正春
叶智钒
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2024051245A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024051245A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/7163—Spread spectrum techniques using impulse radio
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/7163—Spread spectrum techniques using impulse radio
    • H04B1/719—Interference-related aspects

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a signal processing method and device.
  • Ultra wideband (UWB) technology is a wireless carrier communication technology that uses nanosecond-level non-sinusoidal narrow pulses to transmit data. Because UWB technology has the advantages of strong multipath resolution, low power consumption, and strong confidentiality, UWB technology has become one of the popular physical layer technologies for short-distance, high-speed wireless networks.
  • the structure of the physical protocol data unit (PPDU) of the UWB system includes a physical layer (physical, PHY) bearer (payload) field.
  • the PHY bearer field carries one or more data symbols. Each data symbol uses several pulses to carry several bits of the encoded signal. In the data symbol structure, each pulse occupies one chip (chip) time.
  • Multipath is a common phenomenon in communications, where radio waves take multiple paths from a transmitting antenna to a receiving antenna. From the time domain analysis, signals of different paths in multipath signals have different delays when they arrive at the receiving device. Signals with different delays arriving at the receiving device will also overlap in time at the receiving device, causing inter-symbol interference.
  • multipath effects also have a negative impact on communication quality.
  • some or all of the chips carried by signals on different paths will overlap.
  • the time difference between multipath signals arriving at the receiving device is an integer multiple of the chip time (that is, the time occupied by one chip), in other words, the delay between multipath signals arriving at the receiving device differs by an integer number of chip times.
  • the receiving device synthesizes multipath signals, if there are pulses in the overlapping chips, then these pulses will be completely aligned, and the pulses carried by the chips with opposite polarity will cancel out, and the packet error rate of the system will be greatly increased. increase, thereby significantly reducing communication quality.
  • This application provides a signal processing method and device, which can reduce the packet error rate of the system, improve the anti-interference performance of the system, and thereby improve the communication quality of the system.
  • a first aspect provides a signal processing method, which can be performed by a receiving device, or can also be performed by a component of the receiving device.
  • the method includes: receiving a first signal, the first signal is obtained according to a first sequence and N data symbols, the first sequence contains L elements, and the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe of the first sequence is less than or equal to the th A threshold value, each of the N data symbols includes L sequentially arranged chips, and the L sequentially arranged chips include pulse-carrying chips, and the pulse-carrying chips are identical to the first There is a one-to-one correspondence between elements in the sequence whose element values are specified values, and N and L are both positive integers; analyze the first signal.
  • the first signal received by the receiving device may include multiple signals transmitted through different paths, that is, multipath signals. Since the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe of the first sequence is less than or equal to the first threshold, the number of overlapping chip pulses on each data symbol in the multipath signal received by the receiving device will be as small as possible. Compared with signals that are not generated based on the first sequence, it can reduce the situation where the pulses carried by chips with opposite polarities among the overlapping chips will cancel out, thereby reducing the packet error rate of the system and improving the anti-interference performance of the system. Improve the communication quality of the system.
  • a second aspect provides a signal processing method, which method is performed by a transmitting device corresponding to the method of the first aspect.
  • the method can also be carried out by components of the transmitting device.
  • the method includes: generating a first signal based on a first sequence and N data symbols, the first sequence containing L elements, the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe of the first sequence being less than or equal to a first threshold, and the N data symbols
  • Each data symbol in contains L sequentially arranged chips, and the L sequentially arranged chips include pulse-carrying chips, and the pulse-carrying chips are identical to the elements whose values in the first sequence are specified values.
  • the elements correspond one to one, and N and L are both positive integers; send the first signal.
  • the first signal received by the receiving device may include multiple signals transmitted through different paths, that is, multipath signals. Since the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe of the first sequence used by the sending device to generate the first signal is less than or equal to the first threshold, the number of chips that overlap on each data symbol in the multipath signal received by the receiving device has a pulse number The number will be as small as possible. Compared with signals that are not generated based on the first sequence, it can reduce the situation where the pulses carried by chips with opposite polarities among the overlapping chips will cancel out, thereby reducing the packet error rate of the system and improving the anti-interference performance of the system. Improve the communication quality of the system.
  • a signal processing device configured to receive a first signal.
  • the first signal is obtained based on a first sequence and N data symbols.
  • the first sequence includes L elements, the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe of the first sequence is less than or equal to the first threshold, each of the N data symbols contains L sequentially arranged chips, and the L sequentially arranged codes
  • the chip includes a pulse-carrying chip, and the pulse-carrying chip has a one-to-one correspondence with an element whose element value is a specified value in the first sequence.
  • N and L are both positive integers; a processing unit is used to analyze the first signal.
  • a signal processing device configured to generate a first signal based on a first sequence and N data symbols.
  • the first sequence contains L elements.
  • the first sequence The maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe is less than or equal to the first threshold, each of the N data symbols includes L sequentially arranged chips, and the L sequentially arranged chips include chips carrying pulses,
  • the pulse-carrying chips correspond one-to-one to the elements in the first sequence whose element values are specified values, and N and L are both positive integers; the processing unit is used to send the first signal.
  • the prescribed value is 1, among the L elements of the first sequence, K elements are 1, L-K elements are 0, and the A threshold is obtained based on K and L, K ⁇ L and K is a positive integer.
  • the first threshold is expresses right Rounded up.
  • the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe of the first sequence is less than or equal to the first threshold, including:
  • the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe of the first sequence is equal to or equal to or less than
  • the first sequence is obtained based on a second sequence containing L-1 elements, and the periodic autocorrelation side lobe of the second sequence is constant value.
  • the second sequence is an m-sequence or a Legendre sequence.
  • the first sequence is obtained based on a second sequence containing L-1 elements, including: the first sequence is a pair of L-1 elements.
  • the third sequence of elements is obtained by performing first processing, and the first processing includes at least one of cyclic shift, inversion, and negation; the third sequence is obtained based on the second sequence.
  • the first sequence is obtained according to a genetic algorithm.
  • the first sequence is: ⁇ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ⁇ ; or, ⁇ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1 ⁇ ; or, ⁇ 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1 ⁇ ; or, ⁇ 0, 0, 0, 1, 1 ,0,1,1 ⁇ .
  • the first sequence is: ⁇ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 ,1,0,1,1,1 ⁇ ; or, ⁇ 1,1,1,1,0,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0 ⁇ ; or, ⁇ 0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,0 ⁇ ; or, ⁇ 1,0,0,1,0,1 ,0,1,0,0,1,1,1,0,0 ⁇ .
  • the first sequence is: ⁇ 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1 ,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1 ⁇ ; or, ⁇ 0 ,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,0,0,0 , 0, 1, 1, 1, 1 ⁇ ; or, ⁇ 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1 ,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1 ⁇ ; or, ⁇ 1,0,1,1,0,1,0,0 ,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,0 ⁇ .
  • a communication device which is used to perform the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the device may include units and/or modules for performing the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect, such as a transceiver unit and/or a processing unit.
  • the transceiver unit may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface; the processing unit may be at least one processor, or a processing circuit.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit.
  • the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.
  • a sixth aspect provides a communication device, characterized by including a processor and an interface circuit, the interface circuit being used to receive signals from other communication devices and transmit them to the processor or to send signals from the processor to Other communication devices, the processor is used to implement the method in any possible implementation manner of the above-mentioned first aspect or second aspect through logic circuits or execution of code instructions.
  • a communication device including a processor and a memory.
  • the processor is used to read the memory
  • the stored instructions can receive signals through the transceiver and transmit signals through the transmitter to execute the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • An eighth aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program or instructions are stored in the storage medium, and when the computer program or instructions are executed by a communication device, any of the first or second aspects can be realized.
  • a ninth aspect provides a computer program product containing instructions, which when the computer program product is run on a communication device, causes the communication device to execute the method in any of the possible implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • a tenth aspect provides a computer program instruction that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method in any of the possible implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of two application scenarios provided by this application.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a physical protocol data unit of the UWB system.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an example of the structure of a convolutional code encoder in a UWB system to which this application is applicable.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an example of a scrambler structure applicable to the present application.
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic block diagram of two possible data symbol structures.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the signal processing method 100 provided by this application.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the basic structure of a linear feedback shift register applicable to this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the correspondence relationship between data symbol #1 and the first sequence.
  • Figure 10 shows a schematic block diagram of a genetic algorithm applicable to this application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the correspondence relationship between data symbol #1 and the first sequence.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic block diagram of the communication device provided by this application.
  • FIG 13 is another schematic block diagram of the communication device provided by this application.
  • WPAN wireless personal area network
  • IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 802.15 system.
  • WPAN can be used for communication between digital auxiliary equipment within a small range such as phones, computers, and accessory equipment. Its working range is generally within 10 meters (m).
  • technologies that can support wireless personal area networks include but are not limited to: Bluetooth, ZigBee, ultra wideband (UWB), infrared data association (IrDA) infrared connection technology, home Radio frequency (HomeRF), etc.
  • WPAN can be located at the bottom of the entire network architecture and is used for wireless connections between devices within a small range, that is, point-to-point short-distance connections, which can be regarded as short-distance wireless communication networks.
  • WPAN can be divided into high rate (HR)-WPAN and low rate (LR)-WPAN.
  • HR-WPAN can be used to support various high-rate multimedia applications, including high-speed Quality audio and video distribution, multi-megabyte music and image file transfer, and more.
  • LR-WPAN can be used for general business in daily life.
  • WPAN In WPAN, according to the communication capabilities of the device, it can be divided into full-function device (FFD) and reduced-function device (RFD).
  • RFD is mainly used for simple control applications, Such as light switches, passive infrared sensors, etc., the amount of data transmitted is small, the transmission resources and communication resources are not occupied, and the cost of RFD is low.
  • FFDs can communicate with each other, and FFDs and RFDs can also communicate with each other. Usually, RFDs do not communicate directly with each other, but communicate with FFDs, or forward data through an FFD.
  • the FFD associated with an RFD may also be called the coordinator of the RFD.
  • the coordinator may also be called a personal area network (PAN) coordinator or central control node, etc.
  • PAN personal area network
  • the PAN coordinator is the master control node of the entire network, and there is a PAN coordinator in each ad hoc network, which is mainly used for membership management, link information management, and packet forwarding functions.
  • the device in the embodiment of this application may be a device that supports multiple WPAN standards such as 802.15.4a and 802.15.4z, as well as those currently under discussion or subsequent versions.
  • the above-mentioned devices may be tags, communication servers, routers, switches, network bridges, computers or mobile phones, home smart devices, vehicle communication devices, wearable devices, etc.
  • Wearable devices also known as wearable smart devices, are a general term for applying wearable technology to intelligently design daily wear and develop wearable devices, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes.
  • Wearable devices are portable devices that are worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories.
  • Wearable devices are not just hardware devices, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction.
  • wearable smart devices include full-featured, large-sized devices that can achieve complete or partial functions without relying on smartphones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, and those that only focus on a certain type of application function and need to cooperate with other devices such as smartphones.
  • the above-mentioned device includes a hardware layer, an operating system layer running on the hardware layer, and an application layer running on the operating system layer.
  • This hardware layer includes hardware such as central processing unit (CPU), memory management unit (MMU) and memory (also called main memory).
  • the operating system can be any one or more computer operating systems that implement business processing through processes, such as Linux operating system, Unix operating system, Android operating system, iOS operating system or Windows operating system, etc.
  • This application layer includes applications such as browsers, address books, word processing software, and instant messaging software.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the specific structure of the execution subject of the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, as long as the program recorded in the code of the method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be executed according to the method provided by the embodiments of the present application. It suffices to communicate by method.
  • the execution subject of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may be FFD or RFD, or a functional module in FFD or RFD that can call a program and execute the program.
  • This application is used to support IEEE 802.11ax next-generation wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) protocols, such as 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7 or extremely high throughput (EHT), such as 802.11be next-generation , Wi-Fi 8, Wi-Fi artificial intelligence (AI) and other 802.11 series protocol wireless LAN systems can also be applied to UWB-based wireless personal area network systems and sensing systems.
  • Wi-Fi wireless fidelity
  • EHT extremely high throughput
  • 802.11be next-generation Wi-Fi 8 Wi-Fi 8 Wi-Fi artificial intelligence
  • other 802.11 series protocol wireless LAN systems can also be applied to UWB-based wireless personal area network systems and sensing systems. It should be noted that the following describes the embodiments of the present application by taking application to a UWB-based wireless personal area network system as an example.
  • the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other communication systems, such as sixth generation (6th generation, 6G) mobile communication systems, fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) systems, long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system etc.
  • the embodiments of this application can also be used in future communication systems.
  • the embodiments of the present application can also be used for device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication ( machine type communication (MTC), and the Internet of things (IoT) communication system or other communication systems.
  • D2D device-to-device
  • V2X vehicle-to-everything
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • MTC machine-type communication
  • IoT Internet of things
  • the sending device and/or the receiving device may be a station (STA) in a wireless local area network (WLAN).
  • the site can be a mobile phone that supports Wi-Fi communication function, a tablet computer that supports Wi-Fi communication function, a set-top box that supports Wi-Fi communication function, a smart TV that supports Wi-Fi communication function, or a smart TV that supports Wi-Fi communication function. Smart wearable devices, vehicle-mounted communication devices that support Wi-Fi communication functions, computers that support Wi-Fi communication functions, etc.
  • the site can support the 802.11be standard.
  • the site can also support multiple WLAN standards of the 802.11 family such as 802.11be, 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b and 802.11a.
  • the sending end device and/or the receiving end device in the embodiment of the present application can also be an access point (AP) in WLAN, and the access point can be a terminal device (such as a mobile phone) that enters the wired (or wireless) network.
  • Network access points are mainly deployed inside homes, buildings, and campuses. The typical coverage radius is tens to hundreds of meters. Of course, they can also be deployed outdoors.
  • the access point is equivalent to a bridge connecting the wired network and the wireless network. Its main function is to connect various wireless network clients together, and then connect the wireless network to the Ethernet.
  • the access point can be a terminal device (such as a mobile phone) or a network device (such as a router) with a Wi-Fi chip.
  • the access point can be a device that supports the 802.11be standard.
  • the access point can also be a device that supports multiple WLAN standards of the 802.11 family such as 802.11be, 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, and 802.11a.
  • Access points and sites can also be devices used in the Internet of Vehicles, IoT nodes, sensors, etc. in the Internet of Things (IoT), smart cameras, smart remote controls, smart water meters and electricity meters in smart homes, and Sensors in smart cities, etc.
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • smart cameras smart remote controls
  • smart water meters and electricity meters in smart homes and Sensors in smart cities, etc.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of two application scenarios provided by this application.
  • the system 101 shown in (A) in Figure 1 is a communication system with star topology, and the system 102 shown in (B) in Figure 1 is a peer to peer topology. Communication Systems.
  • the system 101 may include multiple FFDs and multiple RFDs, and the multiple FFDs and multiple RFDs may form a star topology communication system.
  • one FFD among multiple FFDs is a PAN coordinator.
  • the PAN coordinator can transmit data with one or more other devices, that is, multiple devices can establish one-to-many or many-to-many devices.
  • One-to-one data transmission architecture One-to-one data transmission architecture.
  • the system 102 may include multiple FFDs and one RFD, and the multiple FFDs and one RFD may form a point-to-point topology communication system.
  • one FFD among multiple FFDs is a PAN coordinator.
  • a many-to-many data transmission architecture can be established between multiple different devices.
  • UWB technology can transmit data using nanosecond-level non-sinusoidal narrow pulses, which occupies a wide spectrum range. Since the pulses used by UWB technology to transmit data are narrow and the radiation spectrum density is extremely low, UWB technology has the advantages of strong multipath resolution, low power consumption, and strong confidentiality.
  • UWB technology has been written into the IEEE 802 series of wireless standards, and the WPAN standard IEEE 802.15.4a based on UWB technology has been released, as well as its evolved version IEEE 802.15.4z.
  • the next generation WPAN standard 802.15.4ab of UWB technology is being formulated. It has also been put on the agenda.
  • FIG 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a physical protocol data unit (PPDU) of the UWB system.
  • PPDU includes a synchronization header (SHR), a physical header (PHR) and a physical layer (physical, PHY) payload field.
  • SHR synchronization header
  • PHR physical header
  • PHY physical layer
  • the PHY payload field can also be Understood as the physical service data unit (PSDU).
  • PSDU physical service data unit
  • the modulation method used in the PHY bearer field varies according to the mean pulse repetition frequency (pulse repetition frequency, PRF) of the sending device.
  • PRF pulse repetition frequency
  • PRF pulse repetition frequency
  • the bidirectional arrow in the figure indicates the location of the burst, each box represents a chip, and the lateral distance occupied by each box is one chip time, that is, T chip .
  • the time occupied by the data symbols shown in Figure 3 is T dsym .
  • each data symbol uses 8 pulses to carry the two bits after channel encoding.
  • 4 pulses are a group, and Figure 3 includes two groups of pulses. Each bit occupies 4 pulses, and the time occupied by each group of pulses is T burst , that is, 4 T chips .
  • Each group of pulses is followed by a guard interval of 4 T chip lengths, and no pulse is emitted during the guard interval.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an example of the structure of a convolutional code encoder with a limit length of 7 in the UWB system to which the present application is applicable.
  • D represents the shift register
  • + represents binary addition.
  • the encoded output bits g 0 (n) and g 1 (n) using the convolutional code shown in Figure 4 are respectively mapped to two sets of pulses of the data symbols shown in Figure 3 according to Table 1, and then the pairs are mapped to two sets of pulses.
  • the data on the group pulse is scrambled by the scrambler shown in Figure 5.
  • the initial state of the scrambler is the first 15 bits of the binary sequence obtained by removing 0 from the ternary sequence in the SHR and setting -1 to 0.
  • a corresponding pulse signal is generated based on the scrambled result, 0 corresponds to a positive pulse, and 1 corresponds to a negative pulse.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an example of a scrambler structure applicable to the present application.
  • D represents the shift register, and + represents binary addition.
  • S j to S j -15 are all scrambling code sequences, where S j is the scrambling code sequence input to the scrambler.
  • S n is the time-varying spreading code output by the scrambler.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic block diagram of two possible data symbol structures. As shown in (a) in Figure 6, one data symbol corresponds to two groups of pulses, and two pulses are one group. As shown in (b) in Figure 6, one data symbol corresponds to a group of pulses, and 4 pulses are a group.
  • Multipath is a common phenomenon in communications, where radio waves take multiple paths from a transmitting antenna to a receiving antenna. From the time domain analysis, signals of different paths in multipath signals have different delays when they arrive at the receiving device. Signals with different delays arriving at the receiving device may also overlap in time at the receiving device, causing inter-symbol interference.
  • the time difference between multipath signals arriving at the receiving device is an integer multiple of the chip time, in other words, when the delay between multipath signals arriving at the receiving device differs by an integer multiple, the signals in different paths Some or all of the chips will overlap completely.
  • the receiving device synthesizes multipath signals, when the polarities of the overlapping chips corresponding to signals of different paths are opposite, the pulses carried by the overlapping chips will cancel out, and the packet error rate of the system will increase significantly. Significantly reduces communication quality.
  • this application provides a signal processing method and device.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the signal processing method 100 provided by this application.
  • the sending device generates a first signal based on the first sequence and N data symbols.
  • the first sequence contains L elements.
  • the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe of the first sequence is less than or equal to the first threshold.
  • Each of the N data symbols contains L sequentially arranged chips.
  • the L sequenced chips contain the pulse-carrying chips. The chip carrying the pulse corresponds one-to-one to the element in the first sequence whose element value is a specified value, and N and L are both positive integers.
  • the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe of the first sequence can be understood as the maximum value of the side lobe of the periodic autocorrelation function of the first sequence, or the peak value of the side lobe of the periodic autocorrelation function of the first sequence.
  • the first threshold can be obtained according to K and L, K ⁇ L and K is a positive integer.
  • the first threshold is expresses right Rounded up.
  • the chip carrying the pulse corresponds one-to-one to the element whose element value is 1 in the first sequence. Further, the chips that do not carry pulses correspond one-to-one to the elements whose element value is 0 in the first sequence.
  • the chip carrying the pulse in each data symbol corresponds one-to-one to the element with an element value of 1 in the first sequence. It does not limit that the pulses in each data symbol are all positive pulses or negative pulses, but It means that there is a pulse in the chip corresponding to the element value of the first sequence being 1 in each data symbol.
  • the sign of the pulse in each data symbol can be determined based on the information being sent. Alternatively, the sign of the pulse in each data symbol can be determined based on the scrambler shown in Figure 5. For details, please refer to the description of Figure 5.
  • the sending device sends a first signal to the receiving device.
  • the receiving device receives the first signal from the sending device.
  • the first signal may reach the receiving device through multiple paths during transmission, and the first signals passing through different paths may have different delays in reaching the receiving device.
  • the receiving device analyzes the first signal.
  • the receiving device when parsing the multiple received first signals, some or all of the chips carried by the multiple signals will overlap together. Especially when the time difference between multipath signals arriving at the receiving device is an integer multiple of the chip time, if there are pulses in the overlapping chips, these pulses will be perfectly aligned.
  • the sending device generates a first signal according to the first sequence and N data symbols, and determines the chip carrying the pulse in each data symbol through the first sequence. Since the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe of the first sequence is less than or equal to the At a threshold, the number of overlapping chip pulses on each data symbol in the multipath signal will be as small as possible. Compared with the structure of the data symbols shown in Figure 2 or Figure 5, it reduces the situation where the pulses carried by the opposite polarity chips in the overlapping chips will cancel out, thereby reducing the packet error rate of the system and improving the system's immunity. interference performance, thereby improving the communication quality of the system.
  • the first threshold can be obtained according to K and L, K ⁇ L and K is a positive integer.
  • the first threshold is the minimum value of the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe of the first sequence.
  • the method of determining the first threshold is explained in detail below with an example.
  • Example 1 assume that the S sequence is a sequence containing L elements, and the L elements include two elements, 1 and 0.
  • the periodic autocorrelation function A( ⁇ ) of the S sequence is defined as shown in Formula 1.
  • s represents the S sequence
  • s(k) represents the element value at the k+1th position in the S sequence. 0 ⁇ k ⁇ L-1, and k is an integer.
  • (k+ ⁇ ) mod L represents the remainder of k+ ⁇ divided by L, or it represents the remainder of k+ ⁇ to L.
  • s(k+ ⁇ ) modL represents the element value at the (k+ ⁇ ) mod L position in the S sequence, ⁇ 0 and ⁇ is an integer.
  • A( ⁇ ) is the output result after periodic autocorrelation of the S sequence. The output result is the sum of the periodic autocorrelation main lobe and periodic autocorrelation side lobes of the S sequence.
  • the periodic autocorrelation main lobe of the S sequence is the maximum value of A( ⁇ ).
  • each of the N data symbols is referred to as data symbol #1 below.
  • Formula 1 may also include the following meanings.
  • s can also represent data symbol #1 containing L chips.
  • the value of s(k) can also indicate whether there is a pulse on the k-th chip in data symbol #1 containing L chips.
  • the value of s(k+ ⁇ ) modL can also represent the (k+ ⁇ ) mod L-th chip in data symbol #2 containing L chips that coincides with the k-th chip in data symbol #1 . Whether there are pulses on the chip. Among them, data symbol #2 does not belong to the above-mentioned N data symbols. It should be understood that if the kth chip in data symbol #1 and the (k+ ⁇ ) modL chip in data symbol #2 have opposite polarities, the kth chip in data symbol #1 has the same polarity as the (k+ ⁇ ) modL chip in data symbol #2. When the (k+ ⁇ ) mod L chips in symbol #2 all have pulses, the pulses on the two chips will cancel each other out.
  • one of the pulses on the k-th chip in data symbol #1 and the pulse on the (k+ ⁇ ) mod L -th chip in data symbol #2 are positive pulses, and the other pulse is negative. In the case of pulses, the pulses on the two chips will cancel each other out.
  • data symbol #2 belongs to M data symbols, and the transmitting end generates the second signal based on the S sequence and M data symbols, where M is a positive integer.
  • M is a positive integer.
  • Each of the M data symbols contains L sequentially arranged chips.
  • the L sequenced chips contain the pulse-carrying chips.
  • the chip carrying the pulse corresponds one-to-one to the element whose element value is the specified value in the S sequence, and M is a positive integer.
  • the first signal and the second signal may be understood as signals transmitted through different paths among the multipath signals mentioned above.
  • the value of A( ⁇ ) can be understood as the number of pulses with interference on data symbol #1 when there is multipath signal interference with a delay difference of ⁇ chip time.
  • ⁇ 0 and ⁇ is an integral number.
  • the first signal and the second signal in Example 1 can be understood as signals transmitted through different paths among the multipath signals mentioned above.
  • the following description takes the example that the time difference between the delay of the first signal and the second signal reaching the receiving device is an integer multiple of the chip time.
  • the first threshold is determined as The S sequence that meets the following conditions can be the first sequence: the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe of the sequence is equal to or equal to or less than
  • Method 1 Generate a first sequence based on a second sequence whose periodic autocorrelation side lobes are constant values, and the second sequence includes L-1 elements.
  • the second sequence may be an m-sequence or a Legendre sequence.
  • the autocorrelation function side lobes of the second sequence provided in this application are constant values.
  • the following takes the second sequence as an m-sequence as an example to introduce the method of generating the first sequence based on the second sequence.
  • the m sequence is also called the longest linear feedback shift register sequence.
  • the m sequence is the sequence with the longest period generated by a linear feedback shift register (LFSR).
  • LFSR linear feedback shift register
  • D represents the shift register and + represents binary addition.
  • g i is the feedback coefficient, its value is 0 or 1, and it is a binary number. When it is 0, it indicates that the feedback branch does not exist, and when it is 1, it indicates that the feedback branch exists.
  • the output of LFSR depends on the current state of the shift register. When its corresponding polynomial cannot be factored, that is, when G(X) cannot be written as the product of two polynomials, starting from the non-zero initial state, LFSR can traverse all 2 m -1 non-zero states, and During this period, a binary sequence with a length of 2 m -1 is output, which is the binary m sequence.
  • the complementary sequence of the m sequence is the sequence obtained by replacing element 1 with 0 and 0 with 1 in the m sequence. Therefore, the periodic autocorrelation side lobe of the complementary sequence of the m sequence is also a constant value.
  • the second sequence used to generate the first sequence may therefore also include the complement of the m-sequence.
  • the second sequence may also include a complementary sequence of the Legendre sequence.
  • the data symbols in the UWB system generally include an even number of chips
  • the number of elements of the m-sequence and the Legendre sequence are both odd.
  • one element is inserted into the second sequence containing L-1 elements to obtain a new sequence (hereinafter referred to as the fourth sequence for convenience of explanation).
  • the fourth sequence may include multiple possible sequences.
  • the sequence with the smallest maximum periodic autocorrelation function among the fourth sequences may be the first sequence.
  • the m sequences shown in Table 2 are only examples. Specifically, the sequence shown in Table 2 is one of equivalent sequences of the same length.
  • the equivalent sequence can be understood as a sequence obtained by performing cyclic shift and/or reverse order operations on the sequence. Taking the m sequence of length 7 in Table 2 as an example, the equivalent sequence can be ⁇ 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0 ⁇ obtained by cyclic shift, or ⁇ 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0 ⁇ , or still So there are other equivalent sequences obtained by circular shift and reverse order operations. Other equivalent sequences of the m sequence can be obtained by performing cyclic shifts and/or reverse order operations on the sequences in Table 2.
  • the complementary sequence of the m sequence may be a sequence obtained by inverting the m sequence shown in Table 2, or may be a sequence obtained by inverting other equivalent sequences of the m sequence shown in Table 2.
  • Whether the value of the one-bit element inserted in the second sequence is 0 or 1 can be determined based on the second sequence. For example, if the second sequence is an m sequence or its equivalent sequence, the inserted element value is 0; if the complementary sequence of the m sequence is selected, the inserted element value is 1. In other words, inserting one element into the second sequence results in a sequence in which the number of elements with a value of 0 is equal to the number of elements with a value of 1.
  • Table 3 shows examples of first sequences with lengths of 8, 16, and 32 respectively generated according to Table 2.
  • the third column is the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe corresponding to the first sequence in the second column; the fourth column is the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe corresponding to the sequence length.
  • the fifth column is the first threshold corresponding to the sequence length. Specifically, three first sequences with a sequence length of 8 in Table 3 are generated based on one second sequence with a sequence length of 7 in Table 2. Two first sequences with a sequence length of 16 in Table 3 are generated based on one second sequence with a sequence length of 15 in Table 2. The three first sequences with a sequence length of 32 in Table 3 are respectively generated based on the three second sequences with a sequence length of 31 in Table 2.
  • the first sequence may also be obtained by subjecting the sequence in Table 3 (for convenience of explanation, hereafter referred to as the third sequence #1) to the first process.
  • the first processing includes at least one of circular shift, negation, and reverse order operations.
  • the first sequence may be the equivalent sequence of the third sequence #1.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the correspondence relationship between data symbol #1 and the first sequence.
  • the structure of data symbol #1 of the UWB system is constructed according to the first sequence.
  • Data symbol #1 contains 8 chips, and the sequence ⁇ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ⁇ in Table 3 is selected as the first sequence.
  • the two-way arrow in Figure 9 indicates the location of the pulse (burst), each box represents a chip (chip), and the time occupied by each box is one chip time, that is, T chip .
  • Data symbol #1 takes up time T dsym .
  • this application does not limit the number of pulses in data symbol #1 occupied by each bit.
  • the structure of the data symbol can be similar to that shown in Figure 2, with each bit occupying 4 pulses in data symbol #1.
  • the structure of the data symbol shown in FIG. 5 may be similar, with each bit occupying 2 pulses in data symbol #1.
  • each bit may occupy 1 pulse in data symbol #1, or the number of pulses in data symbol #1 occupied by each bit may also be other values.
  • the first signal may include one or more PPDUs as shown in Figure 2, and the PHY bearer field in one PPDU can carry N data symbols as shown in Figure 9. In FIG. 9 , only one data symbol among N data symbols is used as an example for explanation.
  • Method 2 Based on the genetic algorithm and the coordinate descent algorithm, a sequence with a maximum periodic autocorrelation function side lobe less than or equal to the first threshold is searched for as the first sequence.
  • FIG 10 shows a schematic block diagram of a genetic algorithm applicable to this application.
  • each individual in the initialization population is a potential solution, or, a potential first sequence.
  • each individual is a sequence of length L or containing L elements.
  • Evaluate the fitness of individuals in the population The quality of the solution can be expressed based on fitness (that is, the function value of the fitness function).
  • the fitness function in method 2 is The smaller the function value of f(x), the better the solution; the larger the function value of f(x), the worse the solution.
  • Selection Select a better solution based on the fitness function, and give priority to pairwise reproduction.
  • Crossover Select a hybridization point and exchange chromosomes on both sides.
  • the parent sequence and the descendant sequence are merged.
  • Mutation Each position will have a small probability of mutation. For example, in method two, the parent sequence is mutated to generate a descendant sequence.
  • the coordinate descent method (coordinate descent, CD) applicable to this application is a non-gradient optimization algorithm. This algorithm performs a one-dimensional search along a coordinate direction at the current point in each iteration to find the local minimum of a function. Cycle through different coordinate directions throughout the process.
  • Initialization parameters can be understood as a specific example of the initialization population mentioned above.
  • i 1,2,L N P ⁇ .
  • step 1 can be understood as a specific example of the coordinate descent algorithm.
  • Use CD to perform a local search on the descendant sequence x k ', and obtain the set ⁇ O' (x k ',f O (k))
  • k 1,2,L N O ⁇ .
  • the set O' is the set of N O sequences with the best fitness (that is, the function value of the fitness function is the smallest) among the descendant sequences x k ', and their corresponding fitness function values.
  • step 2 can be understood as a specific example of the combination of coordinate descent algorithm, selection, crossover, and mutation.
  • i NP +1, N P +2, L N P +N RS ⁇ .
  • step 3 can be understood as a specific example of evolution.
  • Step 4 repeat step 2 until k ⁇ G max , end the program.
  • the set P obtained when the program ends is the target sequence set.
  • Table 4 shows examples of first sequences with lengths of 8, 16, and 32 respectively generated according to the above algorithm example.
  • the third column is the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe corresponding to the first sequence in the second column; the fourth column is the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe corresponding to the sequence length.
  • the fifth column is the first threshold corresponding to the sequence length.
  • the first sequence may also be obtained by performing the first processing on the sequence in Table 4 (for convenience of explanation, hereafter referred to as the third sequence #2).
  • the first processing includes at least one of circular shift, negation, and reverse order operations.
  • the first sequence may be the equivalent sequence of the third sequence #2.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the correspondence relationship between data symbol #1 and the first sequence. As shown in FIG. 11, the structure of data symbol #1 of the UWB system is constructed according to the first sequence. Data symbol #1 contains 8 chips, and the sequence ⁇ 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ⁇ in Table 4 is selected as the first sequence.
  • the two-way arrow in Figure 11 indicates the location of the pulse (burst), each box represents a chip (chip), and the time occupied by each box is one chip time, that is, T chip .
  • Data symbol #1 takes up time T dsym .
  • this application does not limit the number of pulses in data symbol #1 occupied by each bit.
  • the structure of the data symbol shown in FIG. 2 may be similar, with each bit occupying 4 pulses in data symbol #1.
  • the structure of the data symbol shown in FIG. 5 may be similar, with each bit occupying 2 pulses in data symbol #1.
  • each bit may occupy 1 pulse in data symbol #1, or the number of pulses in data symbol #1 occupied by each bit may also be other values.
  • the first signal may include one or more PPDUs as shown in Figure 2, and the PHY bearer field in one PPDU can carry N data symbols as shown in Figure 11. In Figure 11, only one data symbol among N data symbols is used as an example for explanation.
  • the first sequence may also be obtained by first processing the sequence in Table 5 (for convenience of explanation, hereafter referred to as third sequence #2).
  • the first processing includes at least one of circular shift, negation, and reverse order operations.
  • the first sequence may be the equivalent sequence of the third sequence #2.
  • the sending device and the receiving device include corresponding hardware structures and/or software modules that perform each function.
  • the units and method steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software driving the hardware depends on the specific application scenarios and design constraints of the technical solution.
  • Figures 12 and 13 are schematic structural diagrams of possible communication devices provided by embodiments of the present application. These communication devices can be used to implement the functions of the sending device or the receiving device in the above method embodiments, and therefore can also achieve the beneficial effects of the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device may be a sending device or a receiving device, or may be a module (such as a chip) applied to the sending device or the receiving device.
  • the communication device 1100 includes a processing unit 1110 and a transceiver unit 1120 .
  • the communication device 1100 is used to implement the functions of the sending device or the receiving device in the method embodiments shown in FIGS. 7 to 11 .
  • the transceiving unit 1120 is used to receive the first signal, which is obtained according to the first sequence and N data symbols,
  • the first sequence includes L elements, the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe of the first sequence is less than or equal to the first threshold, each of the N data symbols includes L sequentially arranged chips, and the L
  • the sequentially arranged chips include pulse-carrying chips, and the pulse-carrying chips correspond one-to-one to the elements in the first sequence whose element values are specified values.
  • N and L are both positive integers; the transceiver unit 1120 also used to parse the first signal.
  • the processing unit 1110 is used to generate a first signal according to a first sequence and N data symbols, where the first sequence contains L elements , the maximum periodic autocorrelation side lobe of the first sequence is less than or equal to the first threshold, each of the N data symbols includes L sequentially arranged chips, and the L sequentially arranged chips include Chips carrying pulses are in one-to-one correspondence with elements in the first sequence whose element values are specified values, and N and L are both positive integers; the transceiver unit 1120 is used to send the first signal.
  • processing unit 1110 and the transceiver unit 1120 please refer to the relevant descriptions in the method embodiments shown in FIGS. 7 to 11 .
  • the communication device 1200 includes a processor 1210 and an interface circuit 1220 .
  • the processor 1210 and the interface circuit 1220 are coupled to each other.
  • the interface circuit 1220 may be a transceiver or an input-output interface.
  • the communication device 1200 may also include a memory 1230 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1210 or input data required for the processor 1210 to run the instructions or data generated after the processor 1210 executes the instructions.
  • the processor 1210 is used to implement the functions of the above-mentioned processing unit 1110
  • the interface circuit 1220 is used to implement the functions of the above-mentioned transceiver unit 1120.
  • the receiving device chip implements the functions of the receiving device in the above method embodiment.
  • the receiving device chip receives data from other modules in the receiving device (such as radio frequency modules or antennas). Information is sent by the sending device or to the receiving device; or the receiving device chip sends information to other modules (such as radio frequency modules or antennas) in the receiving device, and the information is sent by the receiving device to the sending device.
  • the terminal chip implements the functions of the sending device in the above method embodiment.
  • the chip of the sending device receives information from other modules (such as radio frequency modules or antennas) in the sending device, and the information is sent by the receiving device to the sending device; or, the chip of the sending device sends information to other modules (such as radio frequency modules) in the base station. or antenna) to send information, which is sent by the sending device to the receiving device.
  • the processor in the embodiment of the present application can be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), or other general-purpose processor, digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), or application specific integrated circuit. (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof.
  • a general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.
  • the method steps in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in hardware or in software instructions that can be executed by a processor.
  • Software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and the software modules can be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory In memory, register, hard disk, mobile hard disk, CD-ROM or any other form of storage medium well known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium.
  • the storage medium may also be an integral part of the processor.
  • the processor and storage media may be located in an ASIC. Additionally, the ASIC can be located in the base station or terminal.
  • the processor and storage medium may also exist as discrete components in the base station or terminal.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment, or other programmable device.
  • the computer program or instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another.
  • the computer program or instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, A server or data center transmits via wired or wireless means to another website site, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media.
  • the available media may be magnetic media, such as floppy disks, hard disks, and tapes; optical media, such as digital video optical disks; or semiconductor media, such as solid-state hard drives.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be volatile or nonvolatile storage media, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile types of storage media.
  • “at least one” refers to one or more, and “plurality” refers to two or more.
  • “And/or” describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the related objects before and after are an “or”relationship; in the formula of this application, the character “/” indicates that the related objects before and after are a kind of “division” Relationship.
  • “Including at least one of A, B and C” can mean: Includes A; includes B; includes C; includes A and B; includes A and C; includes B and C; includes A, B, and C.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种信号处理的方法和装置，该方法包括：发送装置根据第一序列和N个数据符号生成第一信号，第一序列包含L个元素，第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值，N个数据符号中的每个数据符号包含L个按序排列的码片，L个按序排列的码片包含承载脉冲的码片，承载脉冲的码片与第一序列中元素值为规定值的元素一一对应，N和L均为正整数。发送装置向接收装置发送第一信号，接收装置解析第一信号。本申请提供的方法和装置，能够减少重合的码片中极性相反的码片承载的脉冲会抵消的情况，从而能够降低***的误包率，提升***的抗干扰性能，从而提升***的通信质量。

Description

信号处理的方法及装置
本申请要求于2022年09月09日提交中国专利局、申请号为202211102610.3、申请名称为“信号处理的方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种信号处理方法及装置。
背景技术
超宽带(ultra wideband，UWB)技术是一种无线载波通信技术，利用纳秒级的非正弦波窄脉冲传输数据。由于UWB技术具有多径分辨能力强、功耗低、保密性强等优点，UWB技术成为短距离、高速无线网络热门的物理层技术之一。在UWB***的物理协议数据单元(physical protocol data unit，PPDU)的结构中包括物理层(physical，PHY)承载(payload)字段。该PHY承载字段负载一个或多个数据符号。每个数据符号使用若干个脉冲携带信号编码后的若干个比特。在数据符号结构中，每个脉冲占据一个码片(chip)时间。
多径效应是通信领域的一个常见现象，即，无线电波从发射天线经过多个路径抵达接收天线。从时域上分析，多径信号中不同路径的信号到达接收装置时有不同的时延。到达接收装置的时延不同的信号在接收装置处还会发生时间上的重叠，造成符号间干扰。
在UWB***中，多径效应也对通信质量存在不良影响。例如不同路径的信号承载的部分或全部码片会重合在一起。特别是多径信号到达接收装置的时间差是码片时间(即，一个码片占用的时间)的整数倍的情况下，换句话说，多径信号到达接收装置的时延相差码片时间的整数倍的情况下，接收装置在合成多径信号时，如果重合的码片中有脉冲，那么这些脉冲会完全对齐，极性相反的码片承载的脉冲将会抵消，***的误包率会大幅增加，从而大幅降低通信质量。
因此，如何提高***的通信质量，成为亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种信号处理方法及装置，能够降低***的误包率，提升***的抗干扰性能，从而提升***的通信质量。
第一方面，提供了一种信号处理的方法，该方法可以由接收装置执行，或者，也可以由接收装置的组成部件执行。该方法包括：接收第一信号，该第一信号是根据第一序列和N个数据符号得到的，该第一序列包含L个元素，该第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值，该N个数据符号中的每个数据符号包含L个按序排列的码片，该L个按序排列的码片包含承载脉冲的码片，该承载脉冲的码片与该第一序列中元素值为规定值的元素一一对应，N和L均为正整数；解析该第一信号。
上述方案，在***中存在多径效应的情况下，接收装置接收到的第一信号可能包括多个通过不同路径传输的信号，即多径信号。由于第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值，接收装置接收到的多径信号中每个数据符号上重合的码片有脉冲的个数会尽可能少。相比于没有根据第一序列生成的信号，能够减少重合的码片中极性相反的码片承载的脉冲会抵消的情况，从而能够降低***的误包率，提升***的抗干扰性能，从而提升***的通信质量。
第二方面，提供了一种信号处理的方法，该方法是由与第一方面的方法对应的发送装置执行的方法。该方法也可以由发送装置的组成部件执行。该方法包括：根据第一序列和N个数据符号生成第一信号，该第一序列包含L个元素，该第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值，该N个数据符号中的每个数据符号包含L个按序排列的码片，该L个按序排列的码片包含承载脉冲的码片，该承载脉冲的码片与该第一序列中元素值为规定值的元素一一对应，N和L均为正整数；发送该第一信号。
上述方案，在***中存在多径效应的情况下，接收装置接收到的第一信号可能包括多个通过不同路径传输的信号，即多径信号。由于用于发送装置生成第一信号的第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值，那么接收装置接收到的多径信号中每个数据符号上重合的码片有脉冲的个数会尽可能少。相比于没有根据第一序列生成的信号，能够减少重合的码片中极性相反的码片承载的脉冲会抵消的情况，从而能够降低***的误包率，提升***的抗干扰性能，从而提升***的通信质量。
第三方面，提供了一种信号处理的装置，该装置包括：收发单元，用于接收第一信号，该第一信号是根据第一序列和N个数据符号得到的，该第一序列包含L个元素，该第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值，该N个数据符号中的每个数据符号包含L个按序排列的码片，该L个按序排列的码片包含承载脉冲的码片，该承载脉冲的码片与该第一序列中元素值为规定值的元素一一对应，N和L均为正整数；处理单元，用于解析该第一信号。
第四方面，提供了一种信号处理的装置，该装置包括：收发单元，用于根据第一序列和N个数据符号生成第一信号，该第一序列包含L个元素，该第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值，该N个数据符号中的每个数据符号包含L个按序排列的码片，该L个按序排列的码片包含承载脉冲的码片，该承载脉冲的码片与该第一序列中元素值为规定值的元素一一对应，N和L均为正整数；处理单元，用于发送该第一信号。
结合第一方面至第四方面的任一方面，在某些实现方式中，该规定值为1，该第一序列的L个元素中，K个元素为1，L-K个元素为0，该第一阈值是根据K和L得到的，K≤L且K为正整数。
结合第一方面至第四方面的任一方面，在某些实现方式中，该第一阈值为 表示对向上取整。
结合第一方面至第四方面的任一方面，在某些实现方式中，该第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值，包括：
该第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣等于或等于或小于
结合第一方面至第四方面的任一方面，在某些实现方式中，该第一序列是根据包含L-1个元素的第二序列得到的，该第二序列的周期自相关旁瓣为恒定值。
结合第一方面至第四方面的任一方面，在某些实现方式中，该第二序列为m序列或勒让德序列。
结合第一方面至第四方面的任一方面，在某些实现方式中，该第一序列是根据包含L-1个元素的第二序列得到的，包括：该第一序列是对包含L个元素的第三序列进行第一处理得到的，该第一处理包括循环移位、取逆、取反中的至少一项；该第三序列是根据该第二序列得到的。
结合第一方面至第四方面的任一方面，在某些实现方式中，该第一序列是根据遗传算法得到的。
结合第一方面至第四方面的任一方面，在某些实现方式中，L＝8，该第一序列为：{0，0，0，1，0，1，1，1}；或，{0，0，1，0，0，1，1，1}；或，{0，0，1，0，1，0，1，1}；或，{0，0，0，1，1，0，1，1}。
结合第一方面至第四方面的任一方面，在某些实现方式中，L＝16，该第一序列为：{0，0，0，0，1，0，0，1，1，0，1，0，1，1，1，1}；或，{1，1，1，1，0，1，1，0，0，1，0，1，0，0，0，0}；或，{0，0，0，1，0，1，1，1，1，0，0，1，1，0，1，0}；或，{1，0，0，1，0，1，0，1，0，0，1，1，1，1，0，0}。
结合第一方面至第四方面的任一方面，在某些实现方式中，L＝32，该第一序列为：{0，0，0，1，1，0，1，0，0，1，0，0，0，0，1，0，1，0，1，1，1，0，1，1，0，0，0，1，1，1，1，1}；或，{0，0，1，0，1，0，1，0，0，1，0，0，0，0，1，0，1，0，1，1，1，0，1，1，0，0，0，1，1，1，1，1}；或，{0，0，1，1，0，0，1，0，0，1，0，0，0，0，1，0，1，0，1，1，1，0，1，1，0，0，0，1，1，1，1，1}；或，{1，0，1，1，0，1，0，0，0，0，0，1，1，0，1，1，0，0，1，1，0，0，1，1，1，0，0，0，1，1，1，0}。
第五方面，提供了一种通信装置，该装置用于执行上述第一方面或第二方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法。具体地，该装置可以包括用于执行第一方面或第二方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法的单元和/或模块，如收发单元和/或处理单元。
一种可能的实现方式中，收发单元可以是收发器，或，输入/输出接口；处理单元可以是至少一个处理器，或处理电路。可选地，收发器可以为收发电路。可选地，输入/输出接口可以为输入/输出电路。
第六方面，提供了一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和接口电路，该接口电路用于接收来自其它通信装置的信号并传输至该处理器或将来自该处理器的信号发送给其它通信装置，该处理器通过逻辑电路或执行代码指令用于实现上述第一方面或第二方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第七方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括处理器和存储器。该处理器用于读取存储器中 存储的指令，并可通过收发器接收信号，通过发射器发射信号，以执行第一方面或第二方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第八方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，该存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当该计算机程序或指令被通信装置执行时，实现第一方面或第二方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第九方面，提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在通信装置上运行时，使得通信装置执行上述第一方面或第二方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第十方面，提供一种计算机程序指令，该计算机程序指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第二方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
附图说明
图1是本申请提供的两种应用场景的示意图。
图2示出了UWB***的物理协议数据单元的结构的示意图。
图3示出了平均PRF＝249.6MHz的情况下数据符号的结构示意图。
图4示出了本申请适用的UWB***中卷积码编码器结构的一例的示意图。
图5示出了本申请适用的扰码器结构的一例的示意图。
图6示出了两种可能的数据符号结构的示意性框图。
图7示出了本申请提供的信号处理的方法100的示意图。
图8示出了本申请适用的线性反馈移位寄存器的基本结构的示意图。
图9示出了数据符号#1与第一序列的对应关系的一例的示意图。
图10示出了本申请适用的遗传算法的示意性框图。
图11示出了数据符号#1与第一序列的对应关系的一例的示意图。
图12是本申请提供的通信装置的一种示意性框图。
图13是本申请提供的通信装置的另一种示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请提供的技术方案可以应用于无线个人局域网(wireless personal area network，WPAN)，WPAN采用的标准为电气和电子工程协会(institute of electrical and electronics engineer，IEEE)802.15***。WPAN可以用于电话、计算机、附属设备等小范围内的数字辅助设备之间的通信，其工作范围一般是在10米(m)以内。作为示例，能够支持无线个人局域网的技术包括但不限于：蓝牙(Bluetooth)、紫峰(ZigBee)、超宽带(ultra wideband，UWB)、红外线数据标准协会(infrared data association，IrDA)红外连接技术、家庭射频(HomeRF)等。从网络构成上来看，WPAN可位于整个网络架构的底层，用于小范围内的设备之间的无线连接，即点到点的短距离连接，可以视为短距离无线通信网络。根据不同的应用场景，WPAN可分为高速率(high rate，HR)-WPAN和低速率(low rate，LR)-WPAN，其中，HR-WPAN可用于支持各种高速率的多媒体应用，包括高质量声像配送、多兆字节音乐和图像文档传送等。LR-WPAN可用于日常生活的一般业务。
在WPAN中，根据设备所具有的通信能力，可以分为全功能设备(full-function device。FFD)和精简功能设备(reduced-function device，RFD)。RFD主要用于简单的控制应用， 如灯的开关、被动式红外线传感器等，传输的数据量较少，对传输资源和通信资源占用不多，RFD的成本较低。FFD之间可以通信，FFD和RFD之间也可以通信。通常，RFD之间不直接通信，而是与FFD通信，或者通过一个FFD向外转发数据。与RFD相关联的FFD也可称为该RFD的协调器(coordinator)。协调器也可以称为个人局域网(personal area network，PAN)协调器或中心控制节点等。PAN协调器为整个网络的主控节点，并且每个自组网中有一个PAN协调器，主要用于成员身份管理、链路信息管理、分组转发功能。可选的，本申请实施例中的设备可以是支持802.15.4a和802.15.4z、以及现在正在讨论中的或后续版本等多种WPAN制式的设备。
本申请中，上述设备可以是标签、通信服务器、路由器、交换机、网桥、计算机或者手机，家居智能设备，车载通信设备，可穿戴设备等。可穿戴设备也可称为穿戴式智能设备，是应用穿戴式技术对日常穿戴进行智能化设计、开发出可以穿戴的设备的总称，如眼镜、手套、手表、服饰及鞋等。可穿戴设备即直接穿在身上，或是整合到用户的衣服或配件的便携式设备。可穿戴设备不仅仅是一种硬件设备，更是通过软件支持以及数据交互、云端交互来实现强大的功能。广义穿戴式智能设备包括功能全、尺寸大、可不依赖智能手机实现完整或者部分的功能，例如：智能手表或智能眼镜等，以及只专注于某一类应用功能，需要和其他设备如智能手机配合使用，如各类进行体征监测的智能手环、智能首饰等。
在本申请实施例中，上述设备包括硬件层、运行在硬件层之上的操作***层，以及运行在操作***层上的应用层。该硬件层包括中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、内存管理单元(memory management unit，MMU)和内存(也称为主存)等硬件。该操作***可以是任意一种或多种通过进程(process)实现业务处理的计算机操作***，例如，Linux操作***、Unix操作***、Android操作***、iOS操作***或Windows操作***等。该应用层包含浏览器、通讯录、文字处理软件、即时通信软件等应用。并且，本申请实施例并未对本申请实施例提供的方法的执行主体的具体结构特别限定，只要能够通过运行记录有本申请实施例提供的方法的代码的程序，以根据本申请实施例提供的方法进行通信即可，例如，本申请实施例提供的方法的执行主体可以是FFD或RFD，或者，是FFD或RFD中能够调用程序并执行程序的功能模块。
上述关于WPAN的介绍仅是举例说明，其不对本申请实施例的保护范围造成限定。
本申请应用于支持IEEE 802.11ax下一代无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)协议，如802.11be，Wi-Fi 7或极高吞吐量(extremely high throughput，EHT)，再如802.11be下一代，Wi-Fi 8，Wi-Fi人工智能(artificial intelligence，AI)等802.11系列协议的无线局域网***，还可以应用于基于UWB的无线个人局域网***，感知(sensing)***。需要说明的是，下文以应用于基于UWB的无线个人局域网***为例，对本申请实施例进行描述。
可以理解，本申请实施例还可以应用于其他通信***，例如，第六代(6th generation，6G)移动通信***，第五代(5th generation，5G)***、长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)***等。本申请实施例还可以用于未来的通信***。本申请实施例还可以用于设备到设备(device to device，D2D)通信，车联万物(vehicle-to-everything，V2X)通信，机器到机器(machine to machine，M2M)通信，机器类型通信(machine type communication，MTC)，以及物联网(internet of things，IoT)通信***或者其他通信***。适用于本申请的通信***不限于此，在此统一说明，以下不再赘述。
本申请实施例中发送端设备和/或接收端设备可以是无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)中的站点(station，STA)。例如，站点可以为支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的移动电话、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的平板电脑、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的机顶盒、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的智能电视、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的智能可穿戴设备、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的车载通信设备和支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的计算机等等。可选的，站点可以支持802.11be制式。站点也可以支持802.11be、802.11ax、802.11ac、802.11n、802.11g、802.11b及802.11a等802.11家族的多种WLAN制式。
另外，本申请实施例中的发送端设备和/或接收端设备也可以是WLAN中的接入点(access point，AP)，接入点可以为终端设备(如手机)进入有线(或无线)网络的接入点，主要部署于家庭、大楼内部以及园区内部，典型覆盖半径为几十米至上百米，当然，也可以部署于户外。接入点相当于一个连接有线网和无线网的桥梁，主要作用是将各个无线网络客户端连接到一起，然后将无线网络接入以太网。具体的，接入点可以是带有Wi-Fi芯片的终端设备(如手机)或者网络设备(如路由器)。接入点可以是支持802.11be制式的设备。接入点也可以是支持802.11be、802.11ax、802.11ac、802.11n、802.11g、802.11b及802.11a等802.11家族的多种WLAN制式的设备。
接入点和站点也可以是应用于车联网中的设备，物联网(internet of things，IoT)中的物联网节点、传感器等，智慧家居中的智能摄像头，智能遥控器，智能水表电表，以及智慧城市中的传感器等。
下面结合图1简单介绍适用于本申请的应用场景，如下。
图1是本申请提供的两种应用场景的示意图。图1中的(A)所示的***101为一种星型拓扑(star topology)的通信***，图1中的(B)所示的***102为一种点对点拓扑(peer to peer topology)的通信***。
如图1中的(A)所示，该***101中可包括多个FFD和多个RFD，该多个FFD和多个RFD可形成星型拓扑的通信***。其中，多个FFD中的某一个FFD为PAN协调器，在星型拓扑的通信***中，PAN协调器可同一个或多个其他设备进行数据传输，即多个设备可以建立一对多或多对一的数据传输架构。
如图1中的(B)所示，该***102中可包括多个FFD和一个RFD，该多个FFD和一个RFD可形成点对点拓扑的通信***。其中，多个FFD中的某一个FFD为PAN协调器，在点对点拓扑的通信***中，多个不同设备之间可以建立多对多的数据传输架构。
应理解，图1中的(A)和图1中的(B)仅为便于理解而示例的简化示意图，并不构成对本申请的应用场景的限定。例如，该***101和/或***102中还可以包括其他FFD和/或RFD等。
UWB技术可利用纳秒级的非正弦波窄脉冲传输数据，其所占的频谱范围很宽。由于UWB技术传输数据所采用的脉冲较窄，且辐射谱密度极低，因此，UWB技术具有多径分辨能力强、功耗低、保密性强等优点。当前，在IEEE 802系列无线标准已经写入了UWB技术，发布了基于UWB技术的WPAN标准IEEE 802.15.4a，以及其演进版本IEEE 802.15.4z，目前UWB技术的下一代WPAN标准802.15.4ab的制定也已经提上日程。
图2示出了UWB***的物理协议数据单元(physical protocol data unit，PPDU)的结构的示意图。如图2所示，PPDU包括同步头(synchronization header，SHR)物理头(physical header，PHR)和物理层(physical，PHY)承载(payload)字段，PHY承载字段也可以 理解为物理层服务数据单元(physical service data unit，PSDU)。
其中，PHY承载字段采用的调制方式根据发送设备的平均(mean)脉冲重复频率(pulse repetition frequency，PRF)不同而不同。平均PRF越大，相同时间内就可以发射更多的脉冲，从而具有更大传输速率。以目前最高的平均PRF＝249.6兆赫(MHz)为例，其负载的数据符号结构如图3所示。
图3示出了平均PRF＝249.6MHz的情况下数据符号(data symbol)的结构示意图。如图3所示，图中的双向箭头表示脉冲(burst)所在的位置，每个方框表示一个码片(chip)，每个方框占据的横向距离为一个码片时间，即Tchip。图3所示的数据符号占据的时间为Tdsym。对于包含16个码片的数据符号，每个数据符号使用8个脉冲来携带信道编码后的两个比特。其中，4个脉冲为一组，图3中包括两组脉冲。每个比特占用4个脉冲，每组脉冲占用的时间为Tburst，即4个Tchip。每一组脉冲后边都留4个Tchip长度的保护间隔，在保护间隔中不发射任何脉冲。
图4示出了本申请适用的UWB***中限制长度为7的卷积码编码器结构的一例的示意图。图4中D表示移位寄存器，+为二进制加法。例如，采用图4所示的卷积码的编码输出比特g0 (n)和g1 (n)按照表1分别映射到图3所示的数据符号的两组脉冲上，之后对映射到两组脉冲上的数据通过图5所示的扰码器进行加扰操作。其中，扰码器初始状态为SHR中三元序列剔除0后把-1置为0得到的二进制序列的前15位。最后根据扰码后的结果生成相应的脉冲信号，0对应正脉冲，1对应负脉冲。
表1
图5示出了本申请适用的扰码器结构的一例的示意图。图5中D表示移位寄存器，+为二进制加法。Sj至Sj-15均为扰码序列，其中Sj为输入扰码器的扰码序列。Sn为扰码器输出的时变扩频码。
为了支持更高的传输速率，一种方式是减小每个比特对应的脉冲个数，例如每个比特映射到两个脉冲上，这样传输速率相比于图3所示的数据符号结构可以提高两倍。图6示出了两种可能的数据符号结构的示意性框图。如图6中的(a)所示，一个数据符号对应两组脉冲，2个脉冲为一组。如图6中的(b)所示，一个数据符号对应一组脉冲，4个脉冲为一组。
多径效应是通信领域的一个常见现象，即，无线电波从发射天线经过多个路径抵达接收天线。从时域上分析，多径信号中不同路径的信号到达接收装置时有不同的时延。到达接收装置的时延不同的信号在接收装置处还会发生时间上的重叠，造成符号间干扰。
在UWB***中，多径信号到达接收装置的时间差是码片时间的整数倍的情况下，换句话说，多径信号到达接收装置的时延相差整数倍的情况下，不同路径的信号中的部分或全部码片会完全重合在一起。接收装置在合成多径信号时，在重合的码片中，对应不同路径的信号的码片极性相反时，重合的码片承载的脉冲将会抵消，***的误包率会大幅增加， 大幅降低通信质量。
因此，在多径信号到达接收装置的时间差是码片时间的整数倍的情况下，如何降低***的误包率，成为亟待解决的问题。有鉴于此，本申请提供了信号处理的方法和装置。
下面结合7至图11介绍本申请提供的信号处理的方法100。
图7示出了本申请提供的信号处理的方法100的示意图。
S101，发送装置根据第一序列和N个数据符号生成第一信号。
其中，第一序列包含L个元素。第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值。N个数据符号中的每个数据符号包含L个按序排列的码片。L个按序排列的码片包含承载脉冲的码片。承载脉冲的码片与第一序列中元素值为规定值的元素一一对应，N和L均为正整数。
应理解，第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣可以理解为第一序列的周期自相关函数(autocorrelation function)的旁瓣的最大值，或者第一序列的周期自相关函数的旁瓣的峰值。
以规定值是1为例，假设第一序列的L个元素中，K个元素为1，L-K个元素为0。那么，可以根据K和L得到第一阈值，K≤L且K为正整数。
例如，第一阈值为 表示对向上取整。进一步地，“第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值”，可以理解为，第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣等于或第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣等于或第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于
以规定值是1为例，承载脉冲的码片与第一序列中元素值为1的元素一一对应。进一步地，不承载脉冲的码片与第一序列中元素值为0的元素一一对应。
需要说明的是，每个数据符号中承载脉冲的码片与第一序列中元素值为1的元素一一对应，并不限制每个数据符号中的脉冲全部为正脉冲或负脉冲，而是代表每个数据符号中与第一序列的元素值为1对应的码片存在脉冲。例如，每个数据符号中脉冲的正负可以根据要发送的信息确定。或者，每个数据符号中脉冲的正负可以根据图5所示的扰码器确定。具体可以参见图5的描述。
S102，发送装置向接收装置发送第一信号，相应地，接收装置接收来自发送装置的第一信号。
应理解，由于中存在多径效应，第一信号在传输过程中可能通过多个路径到达接收装置，且通过不同路径的第一信号到达接收装置的时延也不同。
S103，接收装置解析第一信号。
应理解，假设接收装置接收到来自不同路径的多个第一信号，在解析接收到的多个第一信号时，该多个信号承载的部分或全部码片会重合在一起。特别是多径信号到达接收装置的时间差是码片时间的整数倍的情况下，如果重合的码片中有脉冲，那么这些脉冲会完全对齐。
上述方案，发送装置根据第一序列和N个数据符号生成第一信号，并且通过第一序列确定每个数据符号中承载脉冲的码片。由于第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第 一阈值，多径信号中每个数据符号上重合的码片有脉冲的个数会尽可能少。相比于图2或图5所示的数据符号的结构，减少了重合的码片中极性相反的码片承载的脉冲会抵消的情况，从而能够降低***的误包率，提升***的抗干扰性能，从而提升***的通信质量。
或者，以规定值是1为例，假设第一序列的L个元素中，K个元素为1，L-K个元素为0。那么，可以根据K和L得到第一阈值，K≤L且K为正整数。可选地，第一阈值为第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣的最小值，第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣等于第一阈值，即达到最小值，的情况下，多径信号中每个数据符号上重合的码片有脉冲的个数最少。此时，***的抗干扰性能最好。
下面结合示例，具体说明确定第一阈值的方式。
示例1，假设S序列为包含L个元素的序列，该L个元素中包括1和0两种元素。S序列的周期自相关函数A(τ)的定义按照公式1所示。
其中，s表示S序列，s(k)表示S序列中第k+1个位置的元素值。0≤k≤L-1，且k为整数。(k+τ)mod L表示k+τ除以L的余数，或者，表示k+τ对L取余。s(k+τ)modL表示S序列中第(k+τ)mod L个位置的元素值，τ≥0且τ为整数。A(τ)为S序列做周期自相关后的输出结果，该输出结果为S序列的周期自相关主瓣和周期自相关旁瓣的和。并且，A(τ)的值越大，说明S序列的自相关程度越高；A(τ)的值越小，说明S序列的自相关程度越低。一般而言，S序列的周期自相关主瓣为A(τ)的最大值。
在示例1中，为方便说明，下面将N个数据符号中的每个数据符号称为数据符号#1。
根据数据符号#1中承载脉冲的码片与S序列中元素值为1的元素的对应关系，公式1还可以包括以下含义。其中，s还可以表示包含L个码片的数据符号#1。s(k)的值还可以表示包含L个码片的数据符号#1中第k个码片上是否有脉冲。其中，s(k)＝1，则可以表示包含L个码片的数据符号#1中第k个码片上有脉冲，s(k)＝0，则可以表示包含L个码片的数据符号#1中第k个码片上没有脉冲。类似的，s(k+τ)modL的值还可以表示与数据符号#1中的第k个码片重合的包含L个码片的数据符号#2中的第(k+τ)mod L个码片上是否有脉冲。其中，数据符号#2不属于上述N个数据符号。应理解，如果数据符号#1中的第k个码片与数据符号#2中的第(k+τ)modL个码片极性相反，在数据符号#1中的第k个码片与数据符号#2中的第(k+τ)mod L个码片都有脉冲的情况下，该两个码片上的脉冲会相互抵消。换句话说，数据符号#1中的第k个码片上的脉冲与数据符号#2中的第(k+τ)mod L个码片上的脉冲中的一个脉冲为正脉冲，另一个脉冲为负脉冲的情况下，该两个码片上的脉冲会相互抵消。一种可能的实现方式中，数据符号#2属于M个数据符号，发送端根据S序列和M个数据符号生成第二信号，M为正整数。M个数据符号中的每个数据符号包含L个按序排列的码片。L个按序排列的码片包含承载脉冲的码片。承载脉冲的码片与S序列中元素值为规定值的元素一一对应，M为正整数。并且，第一信号和第二信号到达接收装置的时延存在时间差。第一信号和第二信号可以理解为上文涉及的多径信号中通过不同路径传输的信号。A(τ)的值可以理解为，存在时延相差τ个码片时间的多径信号干扰时，数据符号#1上存在干扰的脉冲个数。并且，A(τ)的值越大，说明数据符号#1上存在干扰的脉冲个数越多；A(τ)的值越小，说明数据符号#1上存在干扰的脉冲个数越少，τ≥0且τ为整 数。
如上所述，示例1中的第一信号和第二信号可以理解为上文涉及的多径信号中通过不同路径传输的信号。下面以第一信号和第二信号到达接收装置的时延的时间差为码片时间的整数倍为例进行说明。
示例2，不考虑τ＝0的情况。那么，τ≠0时，A(τ)的值越大，即，S序列的周期自相关旁瓣越大，说明数据符号#1上存在干扰的脉冲个数越多；A(τ)的值越小，即，S序列的周期自相关旁瓣越小，说明数据符号#1上存在干扰的脉冲个数越少。
应理解，S序列的周期自相关旁瓣越小，可以理解为S序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣越小。那么在S序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣达到它的最小值时，S序列的所有周期自相关旁瓣都小于最大周期自相关旁瓣的最小值。下面通过公式推理确定最大周期自相关旁瓣的最小值。
假设S序列包含K个1和L-K个0，则根据公式1和序列设计理论，可得到下列公式2和公式3。
A(0)＝K  (公式2)
根据公式2和公式3，可以得到τ≠0时的公式4。
由公式4可知，在L和K不变的情况下，的值为固定值，即S序列的所有周期自相关旁瓣的值的和为固定值。
应理解，S序列的所有周期自相关旁瓣的值的和为固定值的情况下，如果S序列的周期自相关函数的旁瓣为恒定值，那么S序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣达到最小值。
在S序列的周期自相关函数的旁瓣为恒定值的情况下，可以得到公式5。
其中，表示S序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣。表示对向上取整。
由上可知，S序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣的最小值为或者，
那么，根据S序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣的最小值确定第一阈值为满足以下条件的S序列可以为第一序列：序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣等于或等于或小于
下面介绍生成第一序列的几种方式。
方式一，根据周期自相关旁瓣为恒定值的第二序列生成第一序列，第二序列包括L-1个元素。
第二序列可以是m序列或勒让德序列。本申请中提供的第二序列的自相关函数旁瓣为恒定值。
下面以第二序列为m序列为例，介绍根据第二序列生成第一序列的方式。
m序列也称为最长线性反馈移位寄存器序列。本申请中，m序列是由线性反馈移位寄存器(linear feedback shift register，LFSR)产生的周期最长的序列。LFSR的基本结构如图8所示，图8中D表示移位寄存器，+为二进制加法。通常，图8所示的LFSR的输出结果G(X)可以用如下所示的多项式表示：
G(X)＝gmXm+gm-1Xm-1+…+g1X+g0  (公式6)
其中，gi为反馈系数，其取值为0或1，属于二进制数，取为0时表明不存在该反馈支路，取值1时表明存在该反馈支路。由图8可知，LFSR的输出取决于移位寄存器的当前状态。当其对应的多项式不能做因式分解时，即G(X)不能写成两个多项式的乘积时，则从非0的初始状态开始，LFSR可以遍历所有的2m-1个非零状态，并在此期间输出长度为2m-1的二进制序列，该序列即为二进制的m序列。
并且，m序列的互补序列为将m序列中元素1替换为0，0替换为1后得到的序列。因此，m序列的互补序列的周期自相关旁瓣也为恒定值。因此用于生成的第一序列的第二序列还可以包括m序列的互补序列。类似的，当第二序列包括勒让德序列时，第二序列还可以包括勒让德序列的互补序列。
考虑到UWB***中的数据符号一般包括偶数个码片，而m序列和勒让德序列的元素个数均为奇数。一种实现方式中，在包含L-1个元素的第二序列中***一位元素得到新的序列(为了方便说明，以下称为第四序列)。应理解，第四序列可以包括多个可能的序列。第四序列中最大周期自相关函数最小的序列可以为第一序列。
下面以长度分别为7、15或31的m序列为例，给出根据m序列生成的第一序列的几个示例。表2示出了长度分别为7、15或31的m序列。
表2
需要说明的是，表2示出的m序列仅为示例。具体地，表2中示出的序列为相同长度的等效序列中的其中一个。等效序列是可以理解为对序列进行循环移位和/或逆序操作后得到的序列。以表2中长度为7的m序列为例，等效序列可以是通过循环移位得到的{0，1，0，1，1，1，0}，可以是通过逆序操作得到的{1，1，1，0，1，0，0}，或者还可 以是通过循环移位和逆序操作得到的其他等效序列。m序列的其他等效序列都可以通过对表2中的序列进行循环移位和/或逆序操作获取。
类似的，m序列的互补序列可以是对表2中所示的m序列进行取反得到的序列，也可以是根据表2中所示的m序列的其他等效序列取反得到的序列。
在第二序列中***的一位元素的值是0还是1，可以根据第二序列确定。例如，若第二序列为m序列或其等效序列，则***元素值为0；若选取的是m序列的互补序列，则***的元素为1。换句话说，在第二序列中***一位元素得到的序列中元素值为0的个数和元素值为1的个数相等。
表3示出了根据表2生成的长度分别为8、16、32的第一序列的示例。表3中，第三列分别为第二列中的第一序列对应的最大周期自相关旁瓣；第四列为序列长度对应的第五列为序列长度对应的第一阈值。具体地，表3中序列长度为8的3个第一序列是根据表2中序列长度为7的一个第二序列生成的。表3中序列长度为16的2个第一序列是根据表2中序列长度为15的一个第二序列生成的。表3中序列长度为32的3个第一序列分别是根据表2中序列长度为31的3个第二序列生成的。
表3
或者，一种实现方式中，第一序列还可以是将表3中的序列(为了方便说明，以下称为第三序列#1)进行第一处理得到的。第一处理包括循环移位、取反、逆序操作中的至少一项。例如，第一序列可以是第三序列#1的等效序列。
下面结合表3和图9介绍上文涉及的“承载脉冲的码片与第一序列中元素值为规定值的元素一一对应”。具体地，承载脉冲的码片与第一序列中元素值为1的元素一一对应。
图9示出了数据符号#1与第一序列的对应关系的一例的示意图。如图9所示，根据第一序列构造UWB***的数据符号#1的结构。数据符号#1包含8个码片，选取表3中的序列{0，0，0，1，0，1，1，1}作为第一序列。图9中的双向箭头表示脉冲(burst)所在的位置，每个方框表示一个码片(chip)，每个方框占用的时间为一个码片时间，即Tchip。数据符号#1占用的时间为Tdsym。
需要说明的是，本申请并不限定每个比特占用的数据符号#1中的脉冲的数量。例如， 可以与图2所示的数据符号的结构类似，每个比特占用的数据符号#1中的4个脉冲。再例如，可以与图5所示的数据符号的结构类似，每个比特占用的数据符号#1中的2个脉冲。或者，每个比特占用的数据符号#1中的1个脉冲，或者，每个比特占用的数据符号#1中的脉冲的数量还可以是其他值。
还需要说明的是，第一信号可以包括一个或多个如图2所示的PPDU，一个PPDU中的PHY承载字段能够承载N个如图9所示的数据符号。图9这里仅以N个数据符号中的一个数据符号为例进行说明。
类似的，数据符号#2的结构、数据符号#2与第一序列的对应关系也可以参照图9。
方式二，基于遗传算法和坐标下降算法，搜索出最大周期自相关函数旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值的序列作为第一序列。
图10示出了本申请适用的遗传算法的示意性框图。如图10所示，初始化种群中的每个个体都是潜在解，或，潜在第一序列。方式二中每个个体为长度为L或包含L个元素的序列。评估种群中个体适应度：可以根据适应度(即适应度函数的函数值)来表示解的好坏程度。例如，方式二中的适应度函数为f(x)的函数值越小，解越好；f(x)的函数值越大，解越差。选择：根据适应度函数选取比较好的解，优先进行两两繁殖。交叉：选取一个杂交点，两边染色体互相交换。例如，方式二中合并父代序列和子代序列。变异：每个位置都会小概率发生变异。例如，方式二中对父代序列进行突变，生成自代序列。
本申请适用的坐标下降法(coordinate descent，CD)是一种非梯度优化算法。算该法在每次迭代中，在当前点处沿一个坐标方向进行一维搜索以求得一个函数的局部极小值。在整个过程中循环使用不同的坐标方向。
下面针对方式二给出一个具体的算法示例。
初始化参数包括：父代序列数目NP，子代序列数目NO，重启进化次数GRS，最大进化次数Gmax，重置进化生成个体数目NRS，当前进化次数k＝1。
初始化参数可以理解为上文提及的初始化种群的一个具体示例。
步骤1，随机生成NP个父代序列xi，i＝1,2,L NP。使用CD对NP个父代序列xi进行局部搜索，得到集合{P＝(xi,fP(i))|i＝1,2,L NP}。
例如，步骤1可以理解为坐标下降算法的一个具体示例。
步骤2，开始进化迭代，集合P中随机选择NO个序列xk，k＝1,2,L NO。对NO个序列xk中的每个序列中的两个位置进行突变生成子代序列xk'。应理解，可以穷举每个序列中所有可能的两个位置进行突变。使用CD对子代序列xk'进行局部搜索，得到集合{O'＝(xk',fO(k))|k＝1,2,L NO}。其中，集合O'为子代序列xk'中适应度最好(即适应度函数的函数值最小)的NO个序列及其对应的适应度函数值的集合。
将集合P∪O按适应度函数fO(k)的函数值进行升序排列，选取前NP个体构成新的父代集合P，设置k＝k+1。
例如，步骤2可以理解为坐标下降算法、选择、交叉、变异相结合的一个具体示例。
步骤3，若mod(k,NRS)≠0，则跳过步骤3。其中，mod(k,NRS)表示k对NRS取余。若mod(k,NRS)＝0，重新随机生成NRS个父代序列xi，i＝NP+1,NP+2,L NP+NRS。使用CD对NRS个父代序列xi进行局部搜索，得到集合{(xi,fRS(i))|i＝NP+1,NP+2,L NP+NRS}。将集合{(xi,fRS(i))|i＝NP+1,NP+2,L NP+NRS}与步骤2生成的新的父代序列集合P合并 得到序列集合{P＝P∪(xi,fP(i))|i＝NP+1,NP+2,L NP+NRS}。
例如，步骤3可以理解为演化的一个具体示例。
步骤4，重复步骤2，直到k≥Gmax时结束程序。结束程序时得到的集合P为目标序列集。输出该目标序列集对应的序列，即为第一序列。
表4示出了根据上述算法示例生成的长度分别为8、16、32的第一序列的示例。其中，第三列分别为第二列中的第一序列对应的最大周期自相关旁瓣；第四列为序列长度对应的第五列为序列长度对应的第一阈值。
表4
或者，一种实现方式中，第一序列还可以是将表4中的序列(为了方便说明，以下称为第三序列#2)进行第一处理得到的。第一处理包括循环移位、取反、逆序操作中的至少一项。例如，第一序列可以是第三序列#2的等效序列。
下面结合表4和图11介绍上文涉及的“承载脉冲的码片与第一序列中元素值为规定值的元素一一对应”。具体地，承载脉冲的码片与第一序列中元素值为1的元素一一对应。
图11示出了数据符号#1与第一序列的对应关系的一例的示意图。如图11所示，根据第一序列构造UWB***的数据符号#1的结构。数据符号#1包含8个码片，选取表4中的序列{0，0，0，1，1，0，1，1}作为第一序列。
图11中的双向箭头表示脉冲(burst)所在的位置，每个方框表示一个码片(chip)，每个方框占用的时间为一个码片时间，即Tchip。数据符号#1占用的时间为Tdsym。
需要说明的是，本申请并不限定每个比特占用的数据符号#1中的脉冲的数量。例如，可以与图2所示的数据符号的结构类似，每个比特占用的数据符号#1中的4个脉冲。再例如，可以与图5所示的数据符号的结构类似，每个比特占用的数据符号#1中的2个脉冲。或者，每个比特占用的数据符号#1中的1个脉冲，或者，每个比特占用的数据符号#1中的脉冲的数量还可以是其他值。
还需要说明的是，第一信号可以包括一个或多个如图2所示的PPDU，一个PPDU中的PHY承载字段能够承载N个如图11所示的数据符号。图11这里仅以N个数据符号中的一个数据符号为例进行说明。
类似的，数据符号#2的结构、数据符号#2与第一序列的对应关系也可以参照图11。
下面结合表5再给出根据上述算法示例生成的长度16的第一序列的一些示例。
表5



或者，一种实现方式中，第一序列还可以是将表5中的序列(为了方便说明，以下称为第三序列#2)进行第一处理得到的。第一处理包括循环移位、取反、逆序操作中的至少一项。例如，第一序列可以是第三序列#2的等效序列。
可以理解的是，为了实现上述实施例中的功能，发送装置和接收装置包括了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本申请中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及方法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件相结合的形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用场景和设计约束条件。
图12和图13为本申请的实施例提供的可能的通信装置的结构示意图。这些通信装置可以用于实现上述方法实施例中发送装置或接收装置的功能，因此也能实现上述方法实施例所具备的有益效果。在本申请的实施例中，该通信装置可以是发送装置或接收装置，还可以是应用于发送装置或接收装置的模块(如芯片)。
如图12所示，通信装置1100包括处理单元1110和收发单元1120。通信装置1100用于实现上述图7至图11中所示的方法实施例中发送装置或接收装置的功能。
当通信装置1100用于实现图7所示的方法实施例中接收装置的功能时：收发单元1120，用于接收第一信号，该第一信号是根据第一序列和N个数据符号得到的，该第一序列包含L个元素，该第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值，该N个数据符号中的每个数据符号包含L个按序排列的码片，该L个按序排列的码片包含承载脉冲的码片，该承载脉冲的码片与该第一序列中元素值为规定值的元素一一对应，N和L均为正整数；收发单元1120，还用于解析该第一信号。
当通信装置1100用于实现图7所示的方法实施例中发送装置的功能时：处理单元1110，用于根据第一序列和N个数据符号生成第一信号，该第一序列包含L个元素，该第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值，该N个数据符号中的每个数据符号包含L个按序排列的码片，该L个按序排列的码片包含承载脉冲的码片，该承载脉冲的码片与该第一序列中元素值为规定值的元素一一对应，N和L均为正整数；收发单元1120，用于发送该第一信号。
有关上述处理单元1110和收发单元1120更详细的描述可以参考图7至图11所示的方法实施例中相关描述。
如图13所示，通信装置1200包括处理器1210和接口电路1220。处理器1210和接口电路1220之间相互耦合。可以理解的是，接口电路1220可以为收发器或输入输出接口。可选的，通信装置1200还可以包括存储器1230，用于存储处理器1210执行的指令或存储处理器1210运行指令所需要的输入数据或存储处理器1210运行指令后产生的数据。
当通信装置1200用于实现图13所示的方法时，处理器1210用于实现上述处理单元1110的功能，接口电路1220用于实现上述收发单元1120的功能。
当上述通信装置为应用于接收装置的芯片时，该接收装置芯片实现上述方法实施例中的接收装置的功能。该接收装置芯片从接收装置中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)接收 信息，该信息是由发送装置或发送给接收装置的；或者，该接收装置芯片向接收装置中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)发送信息，该信息是接收装置发送给发送装置的。
当上述通信装置为应用于发送装置的芯片时，该终端芯片实现上述方法实施例中发送装置的功能。该发送装置的芯片从发送装置中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)接收信息，该信息是接收装置发送给发送装置的；或者，该发送装置的芯片向基站中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)发送信息，该信息是发送装置发送给接收装置的。
可以理解的是，本申请的实施例中的处理器可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，还可以是其它通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件，硬件部件或者其任意组合。通用处理器可以是微处理器，也可以是任何常规的处理器。
本申请的实施例中的方法步骤可以在硬件中实现，也可以在可由处理器执行的软件指令中实现。软件指令可以由相应的软件模块组成，软件模块可以被存放于随机存取存储器、闪存、只读存储器、可编程只读存储器、可擦除可编程只读存储器、电可擦除可编程只读存储器、寄存器、硬盘、移动硬盘、CD-ROM或者本领域熟知的任何其它形式的存储介质中。一种示例性的存储介质耦合至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息。存储介质也可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。另外，该ASIC可以位于基站或终端中。处理器和存储介质也可以作为分立组件存在于基站或终端中。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机程序或指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序或指令时，全部或部分地执行本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备、用户设备或者其它可编程装置。所述计算机程序或指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机程序或指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线或无线方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是集成一个或多个可用介质的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带；也可以是光介质，例如，数字视频光盘；还可以是半导体介质，例如，固态硬盘。该计算机可读存储介质可以是易失性或非易失性存储介质，或可包括易失性和非易失性两种类型的存储介质。
在本申请的各个实施例中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。在本申请的文字描述中，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系；在本申请的公式中，字符“/”，表示前后关联对象是一种“相除”的关系。“包括A，B和C中的至少一个”可以表示： 包括A；包括B；包括C；包括A和B；包括A和C；包括B和C；包括A、B和C。
可以理解的是，在本申请的实施例中涉及的各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请的实施例的范围。上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种信号处理的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收第一信号，所述第一信号是根据第一序列和N个数据符号得到的，所述第一序列包含L个元素，所述第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值，所述N个数据符号中的每个数据符号包含L个按序排列的码片，所述L个按序排列的码片包含承载脉冲的码片，所述承载脉冲的码片与所述第一序列中元素值为规定值的元素一一对应，N和L均为正整数；
    解析所述第一信号。
  2. 一种信号处理的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    根据第一序列和N个数据符号生成第一信号，所述第一序列包含L个元素，所述第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值，所述N个数据符号中的每个数据符号包含L个按序排列的码片，所述L个按序排列的码片包含承载脉冲的码片，所述承载脉冲的码片与所述第一序列中元素值为规定值的元素一一对应，N和L均为正整数；
    发送所述第一信号。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述规定值为1，所述第一序列的L个元素中，K个元素为1，L-K个元素为0，所述第一阈值是根据K和L得到的，K≤L且K为正整数。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一阈值为 表示对向上取整。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值，包括：
    所述第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣等于或等于或小于
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一序列是根据包含L-1个元素的第二序列得到的，所述第二序列的周期自相关旁瓣为恒定值。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二序列为m序列或勒让德序列。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一序列是根据包含L-1个元素的第二序列得到的，包括：
    所述第一序列是对包含L个元素的第三序列进行第一处理得到的，所述第一处理包括循环移位、取逆、取反中的至少一项；
    所述第三序列是根据所述第二序列得到的。
  9. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一序列是根据遗传算法得到的。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，L＝8，所述第一序列为：
    {0，0，0，1，0，1，1，1}；或，
    {0，0，1，0，0，1，1，1}；或，
    {0，0，1，0，1，0，1，1}；或，
    {0，0，0，1，1，0，1，1}。
  11. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，L＝16，所述第一序列为：
    {0，0，0，0，1，0，0，1，1，0，1，0，1，1，1，1}；或，
    {1，1，1，1，0，1，1，0，0，1，0，1，0，0，0，0}；或，
    {0，0，0，1，0，1，1，1，1，0，0，1，1，0，1，0}
    {1，0，0，1，0，1，0，1，0，0，1，1，1，1，0，0}。
  12. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，L＝32，所述第一序列为：
    {0，0，0，1，1，0，1，0，0，1，0，0，0，0，1，0，1，0，1，1，1，0，1，1，0，0，0，1，1，1，1，1}；或，
    {0，0，1，0，1，0，1，0，0，1，0，0，0，0，1，0，1，0，1，1，1，0，1，1，0，0，0，1，1，1，1，1}；或，
    {0，0，1，1，0，0，1，0，0，1，0，0，0，0，1，0，1，0，1，1，1，0，1，1，0，0，0，1，1，1，1，1}；或，
    {1，0，1，1，0，1，0，0，0，0，0，1，1，0，1，1，0，0，1，1，0，0，1，1，1，0，0，0，1，1，1，0}。
  13. 一种信号处理的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于接收第一信号，所述第一信号是根据第一序列和N个数据符号得到的，所述第一序列包含L个元素，所述第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值，所述N个数据符号中的每个数据符号包含L个按序排列的码片，所述L个按序排列的码片包含承载脉冲的码片，所述承载脉冲的码片与所述第一序列中元素值为规定值的元素一一对应，N和L均为正整数；
    处理单元，用于解析所述第一信号。
  14. 一种信号处理的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于根据第一序列和N个数据符号生成第一信号，所述第一序列包含L个元素，所述第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值，所述N个数据符号中的每个数据符号包含L个按序排列的码片，所述L个按序排列的码片包含承载脉冲的码片，所述承载脉冲的码片与所述第一序列中元素值为规定值的元素一一对应，N和L均为正整数；
    处理单元，用于发送所述第一信号。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述规定值为1，所述第一序列的L个元素中，K个元素为1，L-K个元素为0，所述第一阈值是根据K和L得到的，K≤L且K为正整数。
  16. 根据权利要求13至15中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一阈值为表示对向上取整。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣小于或等于第一阈值，包括:
    所述第一序列的最大周期自相关旁瓣等于或等于或小于
  18. 根据权利要求13至17中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一序列是根据包含L-1个元素的第二序列得到的，所述第二序列的周期自相关旁瓣为恒定值。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二序列为m序列或勒让德序列。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一序列是根据包含L-1个元素的第二序列得到的，包括：
    所述第一序列是对包含L个元素的第三序列进行第一处理得到的，所述第一处理包括循环移位、取逆、取反中的至少一项；
    所述第三序列是根据所述第二序列得到的。
  21. 根据权利要求13至19中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一序列是根据遗传算法得到的。
  22. 根据权利要求13至21中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，L＝8，所述第一序列为：
    {0，0，0，1，0，1，1，1}；或，
    {0，0，1，0，0，1，1，1}；或，
    {0，0，1，0，1，0，1，1}；或，
    {0，0，0，1，1，0，1，1}。
  23. 根据权利要求13至21中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，L＝16，所述第一序列为：
    {0，0，0，0，1，0，0，1，1，0，1，0，1，1，1，1}；或，
    {1，1，1，1，0，1，1，0，0，1，0，1，0，0，0，0}；或，
    {0，0，0，1，0，1，1，1，1，0，0，1，1，0，1，0}
    {1，0，0，1，0，1，0，1，0，0，1，1，1，1，0，0}。
  24. 根据权利要求13至21中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，L＝32，所述第一序列为：
    {0，0，0，1，1，0，1，0，0，1，0，0，0，0，1，0，1，0，1，1，1，0，1，1，0，0，0，1，1，1，1，1}；或，
    {0，0，1，0，1，0，1，0，0，1，0，0，0，0，1，0，1，0，1，1，1，0，1，1，0，0，0，1，1，1，1，1}；或，
    {0，0，1，1，0，0，1，0，0，1，0，0，0，0，1，0，1，0，1，1，1，0，1，1，0，0，0，1，1，1，1，1}；或，
    {1，0，1，1，0，1，0，0，0，0，0，1，1，0，1，1，0，0，1，1，0，0，1，1，1，0，0，0，1，1，1，0}。
  25. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    存储器，用于存储计算机指令；
    处理器，用于执行所述存储器中存储的计算机指令，使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求1和3至12中任一项所述的方法，或，执行如权利要求2至12中任一项所述的方法。
  26. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，用于存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序包括用于实现如权利要求1和3至12中任一项所述的方法的指令，或，所述计算机程序包括用于实现如权利要求2至12中任一项所述的方法的指令。
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