WO2023285699A1 - Machine and method for preparing the soil - Google Patents
Machine and method for preparing the soil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023285699A1 WO2023285699A1 PCT/EP2022/069964 EP2022069964W WO2023285699A1 WO 2023285699 A1 WO2023285699 A1 WO 2023285699A1 EP 2022069964 W EP2022069964 W EP 2022069964W WO 2023285699 A1 WO2023285699 A1 WO 2023285699A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- blades
- stones
- ground
- soil
- Prior art date
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 17
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001417527 Pempheridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001033 granulometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YZHUMGUJCQRKBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O YZHUMGUJCQRKBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B43/00—Gatherers for removing stones, undesirable roots or the like from the soil, e.g. tractor-drawn rakes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
- A01B33/02—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel
- A01B33/021—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel with rigid tools
- A01B33/024—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel with rigid tools with disk-like tools
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
- A01B33/08—Tools; Details, e.g. adaptations of transmissions or gearings
- A01B33/10—Structural or functional features of the tools ; Theoretical aspects of the cutting action
- A01B33/103—Structural or functional features of the tools ; Theoretical aspects of the cutting action the rotating shaft being oriented horizontally
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
- A01B33/08—Tools; Details, e.g. adaptations of transmissions or gearings
- A01B33/12—Arrangement of the tools; Screening of the tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
- A01B49/027—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind with a rotating, soil working support element, e.g. a roller
Definitions
- the invention falls within the field of soil preparation machines and soil preparation methods, for obtaining a surface of land that can be turfed and having an appearance that is preferentially homogeneous in space and constant in the time.
- Soil preparation machines are known that are moved by a multi-tool carrier with tracks or tires (a compact loader or skid steer in English) and which over a given width, work the soil using curved blades, at right angles. or in V turning around a horizontal rotor to which they are fixed. These blades are called stone burying blades or anti-sole blades and they pierce the ground vertically at several intervals from each other, and eject the earth and stones upwards. The stones are quickly returned downwards by grids arranged around the rotor, these grids on the contrary allowing the earth to pass through. This is how, quite quickly, the stones are buried and only fine soil remains on the surface.
- This system therefore makes it possible to leave only fine soil on the surface, allowing a pleasant finish for the treated surface, which can then be used as a leisure surface, for sport or pleasure, by receiving a lawn.
- These machines are called diggers because they bury the stones.
- the landscaper uses a hydraulic bucket excavator, as shown in .
- the hydraulic excavator is a heavy machine to handle, which requires a qualified operator.
- the bucket hits are important, and the waste is then buried deep. They rot there in the space of a few weeks, which creates a subsidence of the layer of earth and an inhomogeneity, the granulometry of the soil no longer being controlled.
- This is a known phenomenon, which involves waiting for a certain period of time, and it is only after this period of time that the ground is leveled with a rake or using a blade. grader. This way of doing things generates delays, which is penalizing. Subsequently, a pass is made with the soil preparation machine, namely the stone buryer.
- stripping is used to remove the plants, their root system and the various waste present on the surface of the earth, before the subsequent working of the latter by the soil preparation machine mentioned above, namely the buryer.
- the plants and waste are evacuated by the bucket of the bucket shovel, before the intervention of the buryer.
- This stripping by scoop creates shapes in the ground stripped by the blows of the scoop of the semi-circular type, which results in a geometric inhomogeneity of the ground, due to the semi-circular shapes.
- a soil preparation machine of the burier type represented in and as mentioned in the introduction, is passed over the ground, at a speed which may be of the order of 1.5 km/h.
- weedkillers are used to simplify stripping, but there are obviously often reasons to avoid such use, and mechanical stripping is preferred.
- the present invention aims to solve these problems by providing a single machine system which would carry out the two functions of stripping and burying stones, saving time.
- the invention also aims to propose an associated method.
- the objective of the invention is thus to propose a simpler method of complete soil preparation, including stripping and burying of stones, preferably with a single machine to drive.
- a soil preparation method comprising a step of stripping the soil, then a subsequent step of burying stones using a horizontal rotor rotated by a motor and fitted with transverse blades on the periphery of the rotor configured to pierce the ground and lift the earth and stones, and a grid returning the stones to the ground and on the contrary allowing the earth to pass , so as to bury the stones and form a layer of soil without stones on the surface of the prepared soil as the rotor advances over the soil to be prepared.
- the stripping step is carried out using an added set of longitudinal blades placed temporarily around the rotor, the longitudinal blades being driven in rotation by the motor via the rotor. , holding the transverse blades away from the ground, and being withdrawn before the step of burying stones.
- the rotor used for burying the stones is used to carry out the preliminary stripping.
- longitudinal slats are temporarily installed which keep the transverse slats at a distance from the ground.
- another motorized tool such as a hydraulic shovel to carry out the stripping.
- a raking stage is carried out between the stripping stage and the burial stage to remove the waste resulting from the stripping.
- stripping, raking, burying can be carried out with a single multi-tool carrier, easy to handle and not requiring very specific skills. This results in saving time and money.
- a soil preparation system comprising a machine equipped with a horizontal rotor provided with transverse blades on the periphery of the rotor to pierce the soil and lift the earth and stones, the machine further comprising around the rotor and the transverse blades, as already mentioned, a grid returning the stones to the ground and on the contrary letting the earth pass, so as to bury the stones and form a layer of earth without stone on the surface prepared soil.
- the rotor can be rotated by hydraulic power.
- Said soil preparation system further comprises, according to the principles mentioned, a removable set of longitudinal blades which, when placed around the rotor, is such that the longitudinal blades are driven in rotation by the hydraulic supply and via the rotor, keep the transverse blades away from the ground, and attack the soil, which produces the desired stripping.
- the longitudinal blades placed around the rotor can be four in number. It is an easy and balanced implementation. Other solutions are possible, however.
- the removable assembly can be made up of two halves (two sub-assemblies) which are fitted by clamping one vis-à-vis the other around the rotor. The installation is then facilitated. It is possible that each half carries two longitudinal blades.
- the longitudinal blades can be fixed to the rotor between discs carrying successive transverse blades. Fixing is thus ensured in a natural way: the space available between the discs carrying the transverse blades is used to fix the removable assembly. There is no need to dismantle the pre-existing elements to put the new blades in place.
- a single machine can serve several functions.
- the machine can include a hitching head to be moved by a motorized traction device.
- a hitching head to be moved by a motorized traction device.
- the digger conventionally, is a device towed by a multi-tool carrier, which is a light device that is easy to handle.
- the machine may include a hydraulic power supply to ensure the rotation of the horizontal rotor. It is an efficient power supply solution.
- the power supply to operate the transverse blades, or anti-base blades, is reused in an original way to rotate the horizontal blades, around the same rotor.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 are schematic views, according to the principle of representation of Figures 1a and 1b, showing the soil stripping process using the digger equipped according to the invention
- the schematically presents the soil digging process according to the prior art using a PG bucket and has been commented on in the introduction.
- the PH hydraulic excavator that handles the PG bucket is a heavy machine that only specially trained personnel can operate.
- the digged ground does not have a flat surface, and the plants that rot in depth lead to a change in the surface over time in the first weeks, which requires leveling.
- a digger 1 has been shown. This is a device operating by traction by a motor vehicle of the PMO multi-tool carrier type or mini-loader (or compact loader or skid-steer in English), which is a much lighter and easier to handle than the PH hydraulic excavator.
- Burier 1 also works thanks to a hydraulic power supply by a hydraulic motor of the PMO multi-tool carrier.
- the digger 1 is a machine equipped with a box 5, or frame, and a hydraulic power supply path 6, to obtain hydraulic power from an external source, in this case the carrier PMO. It can also be hitched by a headstock 10 to the PMO carrier.
- a horizontal rotor 20 placed perpendicular to the direction of advance of the machine (symbolized by an arrow), and set in rotation by the hydraulic power supply 6.
- the casing 5 screens the rotor from the outside of the injector 1 upwards, which in particular constitutes safety for people, and leaves it visible downwards, so that the rotor and the accessories it carries approach the ground and can attack and work it.
- the rotor rotates rapidly, for example at more than 100 revolutions per minute, and typically 300 revolutions per minute.
- anti-sole blades 30 Around this rotor 20, fixed thereto, are present so-called "anti-sole” blades 30. These are typically arranged in groups of four blades on the same longitudinal side of the rotor 20, and on this longitudinal side distributed regularly around it. They are fixed to the rotor 20 by means of a disc 25 surrounding the latter on the side in question.
- each anti-base plate 30 is directed towards the outside of the rotor, but is curved, with an angle forming a V or a square, which defines a direction of attack from the ground. It is configured to attack the ground transversely, by opening it deeply, and going to lift a large volume of material.
- the stones are very quickly oriented towards the zone 90 of the ground directly to the right of the rotor 20 and touch the ground, after having made an almost complete turn of the rotor 20. They are thus projected deep into the zone dug by the blades anti-sole 30 a moment before, while the earth seized simultaneously passes through the grid 40 to fall on the ground only further on the path, above the stones projected on the ground a few moments before while the machine was less advanced in its progress on the ground. These stones previously projected on the ground are then buried under the newly brought fine earth.
- a horizontal leveling blade 50 consisting of a sheet of structured transverse sheet metal and fixed to the frame or box 5 to gradually level the land that has fallen after the passage of the anti-sole blades, and a roller 60 compacting the ground after the intervention of the leveling blade 50 completes the preparation of the ground by leveling the surface and compacting the earth, the stones remaining buried very deeply under a layer of fine earth.
- the invention provides the establishment of a set 200 called "grass scalping" composed, as can be seen in , horizontal blades 210 extending parallel to the rotor 20 at equal distance from the latter and placed regularly around the latter, beyond the radius of action of the anti-base blades. They are, in the particular example presented, four in number, and are thus arranged at 90° to each other around the rotor 20. On the , only two of them are visible, the other two being hidden by the rotor 20 and the anti-base plates 30.
- This grass scalping assembly 200 is supplied with the buryer 1, and these two elements constitute a complete soil preparation system, within the meaning of the invention: in fact, the buryer 1 retains its function as a buryer when the set 200 is not put in place, but becomes a stripping machine when the set 200 is put in place, that is to say added to the digger 1. It is also added temporarily, since it is intended to use the machine as a buryer soon after using it for stripping.
- the “grass scalping” assembly 200 is more precisely made up of two identical half-assemblies 200a and 200b, each comprising two horizontal blades 210.
- each half-assembly comprises, in addition to the two blades 210, three clamping elements 202 shaped in the form of half-shells to be placed in contact with the rotor 20, close for two of them, respectively to each of the ends of the rotor 20, and halfway between them for the third.
- the blades 210 are held at a distance from the rotor, beyond the radius of action of the anti-base blades, each by three groups of two arms 205 terminating, in pairs, at the level of the rotor 20 by one of the elements of clamping 202.
- these clamping elements 202 are placed between two adjacent discs 25, that is to say in a free zone of the surface of the rotor 20. These clamping elements 202 are immobilized by screw-nut systems with a clamping element 202 corresponding to the other sub-assembly 200a or 200b, placed in opposition radially on the rotor, as is visible in . Arms 205 fit between pairs of adjacent discs.
- the sectional view of the makes it possible to visualize the rotation of the horizontal blades 210.
- the horizontal blades 210 have a leading edge and a curved shape opposite the leading edge, but other geometries are possible, in accordance with the principle of pickling. They are rotated in the same direction of rotation as the anti-sole blades 30, that is to say they attack the grass and the roots as well as the most superficial part of the earth, by the rear of the buryer 1, project this waste upwards in front of them in the direction of advance, and release them by letting them fall, possibly through the grid 40. If this waste is too wide, they are stopped by the grid 40 and fall back to the foot of the rotor. This sorting, possibly carried out by the grid, is not decisive in this mode of operation, because there is no question of burying certain waste.
- the soil is only attacked to a depth of 1 to 2 cm, in accordance with the principle of stripping, in order to uproot the plants, including their roots, as well as all surface waste.
- Several passes are possibly carried out with the digger 1 equipped with the grass scalping assembly 200, to perform a complete stripping of the soil to be treated.
- the anti-sole blades are held away from the ground, since their radius of action is smaller than that of the horizontal blades 210, and they therefore do not attack the ground. It is the horizontal blades 210 which attack the ground.
- the pickling produced is continuous, with a smooth bottom shape as shown in .
- the disadvantage observed when using the prior system using a bucket shovel, shown in where the bottom of the form was semi-circular due to the successive blows of the shovel.
- the waste generated which is grass, roots and surface soil, is then picked up with a raking tool 500, or sweeper or pusher, which is mounted on the PMO multi-tool carrier, instead of the digger 1.
- a raking tool 500 or sweeper or pusher, which is mounted on the PMO multi-tool carrier, instead of the digger 1.
- sweeper or pusher which is mounted on the PMO multi-tool carrier
- the horizontal blades 210 are removed by separating the half-assemblies 200a and 200b from the rotor 20.
- the buryer 1 is used as such to finalize the preparation of the ground by burying the stones at the using anti-sole blades 30.
- the process used consists of the following steps: a stripping step E1 using the PMO multi-tool carrier equipped with the buryer 1 and the grass scalping assembly 200, then a raking step E2 using the PMO multi-tool carrier equipped with a raking tool, then a burying step E3 using the PMO multi-tool carrier equipped with the buryer 1, without the scalping assembly 200 d 'grass.
- a stripping step E1 using the PMO multi-tool carrier equipped with the buryer 1 and the grass scalping assembly 200 then a raking step E2 using the PMO multi-tool carrier equipped with a raking tool, then a burying step E3 using the PMO multi-tool carrier equipped with the buryer 1, without the scalping assembly 200 d 'grass.
- the soil obtained has a controlled grain size, and can be turfed without delay.
- the grass scalping assembly 200 consisting of identical half-assemblies 200a and 200b and each comprising two blades 310.
- the blades 310 are parallel to the arm 205, and extend over the end of the flank thereof. They are on square pieces 312 fixed to the end of the arms 205.
- the rotor rotates in this embodiment in the direction of rotation represented by a curvilinear arrow and which allows the sides of the arms 205 which carry the blades 310 to touch the ground at the front of the device, the arms 205 then rising away from the ground on the rear side of the digger 1, their side provided with the blade 310 moving away first.
- half set 200a and half set 200b to each other.
- Such flange-welded nuts 212 are present on one of the ends of each of the six clamping elements 202.
- the three clamping elements 202 of the half assembly 200a carry three flange-welded nuts 212 and the three clamping elements 212 of the half assembly 200b also carry three nuts welded to the flange, positioned, once the two subassemblies are placed face to face, opposite the nuts of the other subassembly.
- the assembly screws for the flange are referenced 213 and are six in number.
- the arms 205, four in number per clamping element 202 connect these clamping elements to two angled pieces 312 - one for each blade 310, which each comprise on a small angled part and placed parallel to the arms welded nuts for fixing of the blade 313, positioned in the internal angle of the bracket, so that the blade 310 can be placed against this small part of the bracket, which is parallel to the arms and that it can be screwed to using screws 314 which interact with the welded nuts for fixing the blade 313.
- the welded nuts for fixing the blade 313 are each placed between two arms.
- the blade fixing screws, referenced 314, are three in number per blade, ie twelve in total.
- Each of the two sub-assemblies 200a and 200b comprises at each of its longitudinal ends a retaining lug for mounting 214 consisting of an elongated rigid metal element comprising an oblong hole positioned outwards, longitudinally, with respect to the arms 205.
- These retaining lugs for mounting 214 are used to put screws 215 in place which are also introduced into holes in disc 25, and immobilized using a retaining nut 216 for mounting.
- the grass scalping assembly 200 is ready to be rotated, and as soon as the rotor 20 is rotated , a small angular displacement appears between the rotor itself and the grass scalping assembly 200 until an anti-sole blade 30 touches an arm 205, contact by which it will transmit the torque to it.
- the square pieces 312 are welded to the ends of the arms 205 and that at the opposite end of the arms 205 are also welded the clamping elements 202, at a rate of
- the invention relates to a soil preparation method comprising a step E1 of stripping the soil, then a subsequent step of burying stones E3, the burying being carried out using a stone buryer comprising a horizontal rotor 20 placed perpendicular to the direction of advance of the digger, rotated by a motor and provided with transverse blades 30 at the periphery of the rotor configured to pierce the ground and lift the earth and stones, the digger comprising plus a grid 40 returning the stones to the ground and on the contrary letting the earth pass, so as to bury the stones and form a layer of earth without stones on the surface of the ground prepared as the rotor advances 20 on the floor to be prepared.
- the stripping step E1 is carried out using a removable assembly 200 of longitudinal blades 210 placed around the same horizontal rotor 20, the longitudinal blades 210 being driven in rotation by the motor via said horizontal rotor 20, holding the transverse blades 30 at a distance from the ground, and being removed before the step of burying stones E3, the stripping step E1 being carried out using a PMO carrier equipped with the buryer 1 equipped of the removable assembly 200 of longitudinal blades, and the burying step E3 then being carried out using said carrier PMO equipped with the buryer 1, without the removable assembly 200 of longitudinal blades.
- the longitudinal blades 210 of the removable assembly being four in number, the removable assembly consists of two halves 200a, 200b which are put in place by clamping one vis-à-vis the other around the single rotor 20,
- a raking stage E2 is carried out to discard the waste resulting from the stripping.
- a soil preparation system comprising a machine 1 equipped with a horizontal rotor 20 provided with transverse blades 30 at the periphery of the rotor to pierce the soil and lift the earth and stones, the machine further comprising around the rotor 20 and transverse blades 30 a grid 40 returning the stones to the ground and on the contrary letting the earth pass, so as to bury the stones and form a layer of earth without stones on the surface of the prepared soil.
- the soil preparation system further comprises a removable assembly 200 of longitudinal blades 210, the longitudinal blades 210 placed around the rotor being four in number, the removable assembly consisting of two halves 200a, 200b which are placed in placed by clamping one vis-à-vis the other around the rotor 20, which when it is placed around the rotor 20, is such that the longitudinal blades 210 are driven in rotation by the rotor 20, hold to distance from the ground the transverse blades 30, and attack the ground to strip it.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
Method for preparing the soil comprising a step of stripping the soil and then a subsequent step of burying stones by means of a horizontal rotor (20) rotated by a motor and provided with transverse blades at the periphery of the rotor that are configured to pierce the soil and raise the earth and the stones, and a grid (40) returning the stones towards the soil and by contrast allowing the earth to pass through, so as to bury the stones and to constitute a layer of earth without stones at the surface of the prepared soil as the rotor advances over the soil to be prepared. The stripping step is carried out by means of an added assembly (200) of longitudinal blades temporarily placed around the rotor (20).
Description
L’invention s’inscrit dans le domaine des machines de préparation du sol et des méthodes de préparation du sol, pour l’obtention d’une surface de terre pouvant être engazonnée et présentant un aspect préférentiellement homogène dans l’espace et constant dans le temps.The invention falls within the field of soil preparation machines and soil preparation methods, for obtaining a surface of land that can be turfed and having an appearance that is preferentially homogeneous in space and constant in the time.
On connaît des machines de préparation du sol déplacées par un porteur multi-outils à chenilles ou à pneus (une chargeuse compacte ou skid steer en anglais) et qui sur une largeur donnée, travaillent le sol à l’aide de lames courbées, en équerre ou en V tournant autour d’un rotor horizontal auxquelles elles sont fixées. Ces lames sont appelées lames d’enfouissement de pierres ou lames anti-semelle et elles percent verticalement le sol à plusieurs intervalles les unes des autres, et éjectent la terre et les pierres vers le haut. Les pierres sont rapidement renvoyées vers le bas par des grilles disposées autour du rotor, ces grilles laissant au contraire passer la terre. C’est ainsi qu’assez rapidement, les pierres sont enfouies et seule subsiste en surface de la terre fine.Soil preparation machines are known that are moved by a multi-tool carrier with tracks or tires (a compact loader or skid steer in English) and which over a given width, work the soil using curved blades, at right angles. or in V turning around a horizontal rotor to which they are fixed. These blades are called stone burying blades or anti-sole blades and they pierce the ground vertically at several intervals from each other, and eject the earth and stones upwards. The stones are quickly returned downwards by grids arranged around the rotor, these grids on the contrary allowing the earth to pass through. This is how, quite quickly, the stones are buried and only fine soil remains on the surface.
Ce système permet donc de ne laisser en surface que de la terre fine permettant un rendu agréable pour la surface traitée, qui peut ensuite servir comme surface de loisirs, pour le sport ou l’agrément, en recevant un gazon. Ces machines sont appelées enfouisseurs, car elles enfouissent les pierres.This system therefore makes it possible to leave only fine soil on the surface, allowing a pleasant finish for the treated surface, which can then be used as a leisure surface, for sport or pleasure, by receiving a lawn. These machines are called diggers because they bury the stones.
Néanmoins actuellement le traitement d’une telle surface de terre est généralement effectué en plusieurs étapes avec des outils intervenant successivement, ce qui constitue un traitement assez lourd. Il est en premier lieu nécessaire d’enlever l’herbe et le système racinaire en sauvegardant une quantité maximale de terre riche en matière nutritive ou terre végétale.Nevertheless currently the treatment of such a surface of land is generally carried out in several stages with tools intervening successively, which constitutes a rather heavy treatment. It is first necessary to remove the grass and the root system, saving as much nutrient-rich soil or topsoil as possible.
Ce décapage par godet crée dans le sol des formes décapées par les coups de godet de type semi-circulaires, ce qui a pour conséquence une inhomogénéité géométrique du sol, du fait des formes semi-circulaires. This stripping by scoop creates shapes in the ground stripped by the blows of the scoop of the semi-circular type, which results in a geometric inhomogeneity of the ground, due to the semi-circular shapes.
Cette manière de faire avec deux machines, à savoir une pelle hydraulique et un enfouisseur, est génératrice de délais puisqu’il convient d’utiliser deux outils consécutifs, chacun devant être réservé, et étant spécifique à conduire et manier, notamment la pelle.This way of working with two machines, namely a hydraulic shovel and a digger, generates delays since it is necessary to use two consecutive tools, each of which must be reserved, and being specific to driving and handling, in particular the shovel.
Alternativement, dans certaines situations, il est décidé de ne pas faire de décapage, auquel cas l’herbe et le système racinaire sont enfouis dans le sol lors du passage de l’enfouisseur, mais là aussi, il faut ensuite attendre plusieurs semaines et ensuite effectuer un nivellement. Alternatively, in some situations it is decided not to do any stripping, in which case the grass and the root system are buried in the ground when the buryer passes, but here too you then have to wait several weeks and then perform leveling.
Dans d’autres situations, un recours à des produits désherbants est mené pour simplifier le décapage, mais il existe évidemment souvent des raisons pour éviter un tel recours, et on préfère un décapage mécanique.In other situations, weedkillers are used to simplify stripping, but there are obviously often reasons to avoid such use, and mechanical stripping is preferred.
La présente invention vise à résoudre ces problèmes en fournissant un système de machine unique qui procèderait aux deux fonctions de décapage et enfouissement de pierres, permettant de gagner du temps. L’invention vise aussi à proposer une méthode associée.The present invention aims to solve these problems by providing a single machine system which would carry out the two functions of stripping and burying stones, saving time. The invention also aims to propose an associated method.
L’objectif de l’invention est ainsi de proposer une méthode plus simple de préparation complète de sol, incluant décapage et enfouissement de pierres, avec de préférence un unique engin à conduire.The objective of the invention is thus to propose a simpler method of complete soil preparation, including stripping and burying of stones, preferably with a single machine to drive.
À cet effet, il est proposé, en premier lieu, et selon tout d’abord des principes connus, une méthode de préparation du sol comprenant une étape de décapage du sol, puis une étape ultérieure d’enfouissement de pierres à l’aide d’un rotor horizontal mis en rotation par un moteur et muni de lames transversales en périphérie du rotor configurées pour percer le sol et soulever la terre et les pierres, et d’une grille renvoyant les pierres vers le sol et laissant au contraire passer la terre, en sorte d’enfouir les pierres et de constituer une couche de terre sans pierre en surface du sol préparé au fur et à mesure de l’avancée du rotor sur le sol à préparer.To this end, it is proposed, firstly, and according to first of all known principles, a soil preparation method comprising a step of stripping the soil, then a subsequent step of burying stones using a horizontal rotor rotated by a motor and fitted with transverse blades on the periphery of the rotor configured to pierce the ground and lift the earth and stones, and a grid returning the stones to the ground and on the contrary allowing the earth to pass , so as to bury the stones and form a layer of soil without stones on the surface of the prepared soil as the rotor advances over the soil to be prepared.
Mais de manière remarquable et originale, l’étape de décapage est effectuée à l’aide d’un ensemble ajouté de lames longitudinales mises en place temporairement autour du rotor, les lames longitudinales étant entrainées en rotation par le moteur par l’intermédiaire du rotor, tenant à distance du sol les lames transversales, et étant retirées avant l’étape d’enfouissement de pierres.But in a remarkable and original way, the stripping step is carried out using an added set of longitudinal blades placed temporarily around the rotor, the longitudinal blades being driven in rotation by the motor via the rotor. , holding the transverse blades away from the ground, and being withdrawn before the step of burying stones.
Ainsi, on utilise le rotor servant pour l’enfouissement des pierres pour effectuer le décapage préalable. Pour cela, il est mis en place temporairement des lames longitudinales qui tiennent à distance du sol les lames transversales. Ainsi, il n’est pas besoin d’utiliser un autre outil motorisé telle qu’une pelle hydraulique pour effectuer le décapage. Et on obtient un sol dont l’homogénéité est contrôlée, car la terre a préalablement été décapée avant que l’enfouissement ne soit effectué. Il n’est pas nécessaire d’utiliser un désherbant. Le sol peut ensuite recevoir un nouveau gazon.Thus, the rotor used for burying the stones is used to carry out the preliminary stripping. For this, longitudinal slats are temporarily installed which keep the transverse slats at a distance from the ground. Thus, there is no need to use another motorized tool such as a hydraulic shovel to carry out the stripping. And we obtain a soil whose homogeneity is controlled, because the earth has previously been stripped before the burial is carried out. It is not necessary to use a weed killer. The ground can then receive a new lawn.
De préférence, entre l’étape de décapage et l’étape d’enfouissement, une étape de ratissage est effectuée pour écarter les déchets issus du décapage.Preferably, between the stripping stage and the burial stage, a raking stage is carried out to remove the waste resulting from the stripping.
Toutes ces étapes : décapage, ratissage, enfouissement, peuvent être menées avec un unique porteur multi-outils, facile à manier et ne nécessitant pas de compétences très spécifiques. Il en résulte un gain de temps et d’argent.All these steps: stripping, raking, burying, can be carried out with a single multi-tool carrier, easy to handle and not requiring very specific skills. This results in saving time and money.
Il est également proposé, parallèlement à la méthode présentée ci-dessus, un système de préparation du sol comprenant une machine équipée d’un rotor horizontal muni de lames transversales en périphérie du rotor pour percer le sol et soulever la terre et les pierres, la machine comprenant de plus autour du rotor et des lames transversales, comme déjà évoqué, une grille renvoyant les pierres vers le sol et laissant au contraire passer la terre, en sorte d’enfouir les pierres et de constituer une couche de terre sans pierre en surface du sol préparé. Le rotor peut être mis en rotation par une alimentation hydraulique.It is also proposed, alongside the method presented above, a soil preparation system comprising a machine equipped with a horizontal rotor provided with transverse blades on the periphery of the rotor to pierce the soil and lift the earth and stones, the machine further comprising around the rotor and the transverse blades, as already mentioned, a grid returning the stones to the ground and on the contrary letting the earth pass, so as to bury the stones and form a layer of earth without stone on the surface prepared soil. The rotor can be rotated by hydraulic power.
Ledit système de préparation du sol comprend de plus, selon les principes évoqués, un ensemble amovible de lames longitudinales qui quand il est mis en place autour du rotor, est tel que les lames longitudinales sont entrainées en rotation par l’alimentation hydraulique et via le rotor, tiennent à distance du sol les lames transversales, et attaquent la terre, ce qui produit le décapage souhaité.Said soil preparation system further comprises, according to the principles mentioned, a removable set of longitudinal blades which, when placed around the rotor, is such that the longitudinal blades are driven in rotation by the hydraulic supply and via the rotor, keep the transverse blades away from the ground, and attack the soil, which produces the desired stripping.
Diverses caractéristiques supplémentaires peuvent être prévues, seules ou en combinaison :Various additional features may be provided, singly or in combination:
- les lames longitudinales mises en place autour du rotor peuvent être au nombre de quatre. C’est une mise en œuvre facile et équilibrée. D’autres solutions sont possibles, néanmoins.- The longitudinal blades placed around the rotor can be four in number. It is an easy and balanced implementation. Other solutions are possible, however.
- l’ensemble amovible peut être constitué de deux moitiés (deux sous-ensembles) qui sont mises en place par bridage l’une vis-à-vis de l’autre autour du rotor. La mise en place est alors facilitée. Il est possible que chaque moitié porte deux lames longitudinales.- the removable assembly can be made up of two halves (two sub-assemblies) which are fitted by clamping one vis-à-vis the other around the rotor. The installation is then facilitated. It is possible that each half carries two longitudinal blades.
- les lames longitudinales peuvent être fixées au rotor entre des disques portant des lames transversales successives. La fixation est ainsi assurée de manière naturelle : l’espace disponible entre les disques portant les lames transversales est mis à profit pour fixer l’ensemble amovible. Il n’est pas besoin de démonter les éléments préexistants pour mettre en place les nouvelles lames. Une machine unique peut servir à plusieurs fonctions.- the longitudinal blades can be fixed to the rotor between discs carrying successive transverse blades. Fixing is thus ensured in a natural way: the space available between the discs carrying the transverse blades is used to fix the removable assembly. There is no need to dismantle the pre-existing elements to put the new blades in place. A single machine can serve several functions.
- la machine peut comprendre une tête d’attelage pour être déplacée par un engin de traction motorisé. Ainsi, on a le choix de l’engin de traction, et l’enfouisseur, classiquement est un engin tracté par un porteur multi-outils, qui est un engin léger facile à manier.- the machine can include a hitching head to be moved by a motorized traction device. Thus, we have the choice of the traction device, and the digger, conventionally, is a device towed by a multi-tool carrier, which is a light device that is easy to handle.
- la machine peut comprendre une alimentation en puissance hydraulique pour assurer la rotation du rotor horizontal. C’est une solution efficace en matière d’alimentation en puissance. L’alimentation en puissance pour faire fonctionner les lames transversales, ou lames anti-semelle est de manière originale réutilisée pour faire tourner les lames horizontales, autour d’un même rotor.- the machine may include a hydraulic power supply to ensure the rotation of the horizontal rotor. It is an efficient power supply solution. The power supply to operate the transverse blades, or anti-base blades, is reused in an original way to rotate the horizontal blades, around the same rotor.
L’invention sera mieux comprise, et d’autres buts, caractéristiques, détails et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement dans la description explicative qui va suivre faite en référence aux dessins annexés donnés uniquement à titre d’exemple illustrant un mode de réalisation de l’invention et dans lesquels :The invention will be better understood, and other aims, characteristics, details and advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the explanatory description which will follow made with reference to the appended drawings given solely by way of example illustrating an embodiment. of the invention and wherein:
- la est une vue schématique d’un processus de bêchage du sol à l’aide d’une pelle à godet ;- the is a schematic view of a soil digging process using a bucket shovel;
- la est une vue schématique d’un processus décapage de sol à l’aide d’une pelle à godet ;- the is a schematic view of a soil stripping process using a bucket shovel;
- La est une vue de côté en coupe d’un enfouisseur de pierres selon l’art antérieur ;- The is a cross-sectional side view of a stone buryer according to the prior art;
- La présente une vue de ¾ d’un enfouisseur de pierres équipé selon l’invention pour un décapage préalable, constituant un système selon l’invention ;- The shows a ¾ view of a stone buryer equipped according to the invention for preliminary stripping, constituting a system according to the invention;
- La représente une vue de côté, en coupe de l’enfouisseur équipé selon l’invention pour un décapage préalable ;- The shows a side view, in section of the burying machine equipped according to the invention for preliminary stripping;
- la représente un aspect de la ;- the represents one aspect of ;
- la représente une vue frontale de l’enfouisseur équipé selon l’invention pour un décapage préalable ;- the shows a front view of the digger equipped according to the invention for preliminary stripping;
- les figures 7 et 8 sont des vues schématiques, selon le principe de représentation des figures 1a et 1b, montrant le processus de décapage de sol à l’aide de l’enfouisseur équipé selon l’invention ;- Figures 7 and 8 are schematic views, according to the principle of representation of Figures 1a and 1b, showing the soil stripping process using the digger equipped according to the invention;
- La présente un schéma de mise en œuvre de la méthode selon l’invention.- The presents a diagram for implementing the method according to the invention.
La représente une vue de côté d’un deuxième mode de réalisation d’une machine enfouisseuse de pierres avec un équipement pour un décapage préalable.The shows a side view of a second embodiment of a stone burying machine with equipment for preliminary stripping.
La représente la mise en place des lames de décapage selon l’invention dans le deuxième mode de réalisation de l’invention, déjà présenté en .The shows the placement of the stripping blades according to the invention in the second embodiment of the invention, already presented in .
La représente une vue frontale de l’enfouisseur équipé selon le deuxième mode de l’invention pour le décapage préalable. The shows a front view of the digger equipped according to the second embodiment of the invention for preliminary stripping.
La présente un schéma de mise en œuvre de la méthode selon l’invention, dans le deuxième mode de réalisation. The presents an implementation diagram of the method according to the invention, in the second embodiment.
La présente schématiquement le processus de bêchage de sol selon l’art antérieur à l’aide d’un godet PG et a été commentée en introduction. La pelle hydraulique PH qui manie le godet PG est un engin lourd, que seul du personnel formé spécifiquement peut manœuvrer. Le sol bêché n’a pas une surface plane, et les végétaux qui pourrissent en profondeur mènent à une évolution de la surface au cours du temps dans les premières semaines, ce qui nécessite un nivellement.The schematically presents the soil digging process according to the prior art using a PG bucket and has been commented on in the introduction. The PH hydraulic excavator that handles the PG bucket is a heavy machine that only specially trained personnel can operate. The digged ground does not have a flat surface, and the plants that rot in depth lead to a change in the surface over time in the first weeks, which requires leveling.
La , qui, de la même manière, présente schématiquement le processus de décapage de sol selon l’art antérieur à l’aide d’un godet PG a été commentée en introduction. A nouveau seul du personnel formé spécifiquement peut manœuvrer la pelle PH. On voit que le sol décapé n’a pas une profondeur constante, du fait des coups de godet successifs, qui créent des profils arrondis.The , which, in the same way, schematically presents the soil stripping process according to the prior art using a PG bucket was commented on in the introduction. Again, only specially trained personnel can operate the PH excavator. We see that the stripped soil does not have a constant depth, due to the successive bucket strokes, which create rounded profiles.
On précise, pour la bonne compréhension, mais sans que cela soit central dans l’exposé, que le porteur multi-outils PMO circule en marche arrière pour effectuer la traction de l’enfouisseur 1. It is specified, for the better understanding, but without this being central in the presentation, that the multi-tool carrier PMO circulates in reverse to carry out the traction of the digger 1.
L’enfouisseur 1 fonctionne également grâce à une alimentation en puissance hydraulique par un moteur hydraulique du porteur multi-outils PMO. Burier 1 also works thanks to a hydraulic power supply by a hydraulic motor of the PMO multi-tool carrier.
Ainsi, l’enfouisseur 1 est un engin équipé d’un caisson 5, ou châssis, et d’une voie d’alimentation en puissance hydraulique 6, pour obtenir de la puissance hydraulique d’une source externe, en l’occurrence du porteur PMO. Il est de plus attelable par une tête d’attelage 10 au porteur PMO.Thus, the digger 1 is a machine equipped with a box 5, or frame, and a hydraulic power supply path 6, to obtain hydraulic power from an external source, in this case the carrier PMO. It can also be hitched by a headstock 10 to the PMO carrier.
À l’intérieur du caisson 5, est présent un rotor horizontal 20, placé perpendiculairement à la direction d’avancée de l’engin (symbolisée par une flèche), et mis en rotation par l’alimentation en puissance hydraulique 6. Le caisson 5 écrante le rotor de l’extérieur de l’enfouisseur 1 vers le haut, ce qui constitue notamment une sécurité pour les personnes, et le laisse apparent vers le bas, en sorte que le rotor et les accessoires qu’il porte s’approchent du sol et peuvent l’attaquer et le travailler. Le rotor tourne rapidement, par exemple à plus de 100 tours par minute, et typiquement 300 tours par minute.Inside the casing 5, there is a horizontal rotor 20, placed perpendicular to the direction of advance of the machine (symbolized by an arrow), and set in rotation by the hydraulic power supply 6. The casing 5 screens the rotor from the outside of the injector 1 upwards, which in particular constitutes safety for people, and leaves it visible downwards, so that the rotor and the accessories it carries approach the ground and can attack and work it. The rotor rotates rapidly, for example at more than 100 revolutions per minute, and typically 300 revolutions per minute.
Autour de ce rotor 20, fixées à celui-ci, sont présentes des lames dites « anti-semelle » 30. Celles-ci sont disposées typiquement par groupes de quatre lames sur une même côte longitudinale du rotor 20, et sur cette côte longitudinale réparties de manière régulière autour de celui-ci. Elles sont fixées au rotor 20 par l’intermédiaire d’un disque 25 entourant celui-ci sur la côte considérée.Around this rotor 20, fixed thereto, are present so-called "anti-sole" blades 30. These are typically arranged in groups of four blades on the same longitudinal side of the rotor 20, and on this longitudinal side distributed regularly around it. They are fixed to the rotor 20 by means of a disc 25 surrounding the latter on the side in question.
Ces lames anti-semelle 30, quand elles attaquent le sol du fait de la rotation du rotor, pénètrent profondément, par exemple sur 14 cm, et soulèvent vers le haut à la fois la terre et les pierres, comme cela apparait en . La rotation du rotor 20, provoquée par l’alimentation hydraulique dans un sens de rotation choisi en accord avec la forme des lames, amène la terre et les pierres à être soulevées au sol dans un premier temps de l’arrière de l’enfouisseur 1 vers le porteur multi-outils PMO, puis projetées par les lames anti-semelle 30 au-dessus du rotor 20 vers l’arrière de l’attelage, à l’opposé du porteur multi-outils PMO. These anti-sole blades 30, when they attack the ground due to the rotation of the rotor, penetrate deeply, for example over 14 cm, and raise both the earth and the stones upwards, as appears in . The rotation of the rotor 20, caused by the hydraulic supply in a direction of rotation chosen in accordance with the shape of the blades, causes the earth and the stones to be lifted to the ground at first from the rear of the digger 1 towards the PMO multi-tool carrier, then projected by the anti-sole blades 30 above the rotor 20 towards the rear of the coupling, opposite the PMO multi-tool carrier.
La terre et les pierres rencontrent alors une grille 40 de l’enfouisseur 1, placée parallèlement au rotor et fixée au caisson 5, qui arrête les pierres ainsi projetées, tout en laissant passer la terre. Ainsi, les pierres sont très rapidement orientées vers la zone 90 du sol directement au droit du rotor 20 et touchent le sol, après avoir fait un tour presque complet du rotor 20. Elles sont ainsi projetées au plus profond dans la zone creusée par les lames anti-semelle 30 un instant auparavant, alors que la terre saisie simultanément passe quant à elle à travers la grille 40 pour ne retomber sur le sol que plus loin sur le trajet, au-dessus des pierres projetées au sol quelques instants auparavant alors que l’engin était moins avancé dans sa progression sur le terrain. Ces pierres précédemment projetées au sol sont alors ainsi enfouies sous la terre fine nouvellement amenée.The earth and the stones then encounter a grid 40 of the digger 1, placed parallel to the rotor and fixed to the casing 5, which stops the stones thus projected, while allowing the earth to pass. Thus, the stones are very quickly oriented towards the zone 90 of the ground directly to the right of the rotor 20 and touch the ground, after having made an almost complete turn of the rotor 20. They are thus projected deep into the zone dug by the blades anti-sole 30 a moment before, while the earth seized simultaneously passes through the grid 40 to fall on the ground only further on the path, above the stones projected on the ground a few moments before while the machine was less advanced in its progress on the ground. These stones previously projected on the ground are then buried under the newly brought fine earth.
Une lame niveleuse 50 horizontale, constituée d’une feuille de tôle transversale structurée et fixée au châssis ou au caisson 5 pour aplanir progressivement la terre retombée après le passage des lames anti-semelle, et un rouleau 60 tassant la terre après l’intervention de la lame niveleuse 50 achèvent de préparer le sol en égalisant la surface et en tassant la terre, les pierres restant enfouies très profondément sous une couche de terre fine.A horizontal leveling blade 50, consisting of a sheet of structured transverse sheet metal and fixed to the frame or box 5 to gradually level the land that has fallen after the passage of the anti-sole blades, and a roller 60 compacting the ground after the intervention of the leveling blade 50 completes the preparation of the ground by leveling the surface and compacting the earth, the stones remaining buried very deeply under a layer of fine earth.
Cet ensemble 200 de scalpage d’herbe est fourni avec l’enfouisseur 1, et ces deux éléments constituent un système de préparation de sol complet, au sens de l’invention : en effet, l’enfouisseur 1 conserve sa fonction d’enfouisseur quand l’ensemble 200 n’est pas mis en place, mais devient une machine de décapage quand l’ensemble 200 est mis en place, c’est-à-dire ajouté à l’enfouisseur 1. Il est d’ailleurs ajouté temporairement, puisqu’il est prévu d’utiliser la machine comme enfouisseur rapidement après l’avoir utilisée pour le décapage.This grass scalping assembly 200 is supplied with the buryer 1, and these two elements constitute a complete soil preparation system, within the meaning of the invention: in fact, the buryer 1 retains its function as a buryer when the set 200 is not put in place, but becomes a stripping machine when the set 200 is put in place, that is to say added to the digger 1. It is also added temporarily, since it is intended to use the machine as a buryer soon after using it for stripping.
A la fin de l’étape de décapage, les lames horizontales 210 sont retirées par séparation des demi-ensembles 200a et 200b du rotor 20. L’enfouisseur 1 est utilisé comme tel pour finaliser la préparation du sol en enfouissant les pierres à l’aide des lames anti-semelle 30.At the end of the stripping step, the horizontal blades 210 are removed by separating the half- assemblies 200a and 200b from the rotor 20. The buryer 1 is used as such to finalize the preparation of the ground by burying the stones at the using anti-sole blades 30.
Le sol obtenu a une granulométrie maîtrisée, et peut être engazonné sans délai.The soil obtained has a controlled grain size, and can be turfed without delay.
Les bras 205, au nombre de quatre par élément de bridage 202 relient ces éléments de bridage à deux pièces en équerre 312 - une pour chaque lame 310, qui comportent chacune sur une partie d’équerre petite et placée parallèle aux bras des écrous soudés pour fixation de la lame 313, positionnés dans l’angle interne de l’équerre, de manière à ce que la lame 310 puisse être posée contre cette petite partie de l’équerre, qui est parallèle aux bras et qu’elle puisse être vissée à l’aide de vis 314 qui interagissent avec les écrous soudés pour fixation de la lame 313. Les écrous sodés pour fixation de la lame 313 sont chacun placés entre deux bras. Les vis de fixation de la lame, référencées 314 sont au nombre de trois par lame, soit douze au total. The arms 205, four in number per clamping element 202 connect these clamping elements to two angled pieces 312 - one for each blade 310, which each comprise on a small angled part and placed parallel to the arms welded nuts for fixing of the blade 313, positioned in the internal angle of the bracket, so that the blade 310 can be placed against this small part of the bracket, which is parallel to the arms and that it can be screwed to using screws 314 which interact with the welded nuts for fixing the blade 313. The welded nuts for fixing the blade 313 are each placed between two arms. The blade fixing screws, referenced 314, are three in number per blade, ie twelve in total.
Chacun des deux sous-ensembles 200a et 200b comporte à chacune de ses extrémités longitudinale une patte de maintien pour montage 214 constituée d’un élément métallique rigide allongé comprenant un trou oblong positionné vers l’extérieur, longitudinalement, par rapport aux bras 205.Each of the two sub-assemblies 200a and 200b comprises at each of its longitudinal ends a retaining lug for mounting 214 consisting of an elongated rigid metal element comprising an oblong hole positioned outwards, longitudinally, with respect to the arms 205.
Ces pattes de maintien pour le montage 214 sont utilisées pour mettre en place des vis 215 qui sont introduites également dans des trous du disque 25, et immobilisées à l’aide d’un écrou 216 de maintien pour le montage. These retaining lugs for mounting 214 are used to put screws 215 in place which are also introduced into holes in disc 25, and immobilized using a retaining nut 216 for mounting.
Cela a pour effet de faciliter la mise en place des deux sous-ensembles 200a et 200b au moment du montage. This has the effect of facilitating the positioning of the two sub-assemblies 200a and 200b during assembly.
Une fois les vis d’assemblage pour bride 213 mises en place et vissées dans les écrous soudés sur bride 212, l’ensemble de scalpage d’herbe 200 est prêt à être mis en rotation, et dès que le rotor 20 est mis en rotation, un petit débattement angulaire apparaît entre le rotor lui-même et l’ensemble de scalpage d’herbe 200 jusqu’à ce qu’une lame anti semelle 30 touche un bras 205, contact par lequel elle va lui transmettre le couple de rotation.Once the flange cap screws 213 are in place and screwed into the flange weld nuts 212, the grass scalping assembly 200 is ready to be rotated, and as soon as the rotor 20 is rotated , a small angular displacement appears between the rotor itself and the grass scalping assembly 200 until an anti-sole blade 30 touches an arm 205, contact by which it will transmit the torque to it.
On précise que les pièces en équerre 312 sont soudées sur les extrémités des bras 205 et qu’à l’extrémité opposée des bras 205 sont également soudés les éléments de bridage 202, à raison de It is specified that the square pieces 312 are welded to the ends of the arms 205 and that at the opposite end of the arms 205 are also welded the clamping elements 202, at a rate of
- quatre bras 205 par élément de bridage 202, deux par branche principale de l’élément de bridage, qui a une forme d’équerre à 90°, dont dépassent à chaque extrémité une courte patte supplémentaire qui une fois sur deux, porte un écrou soudé, ou reçoit une tête de vis ; les pattes supplémentaires correspondantes des deux sous-ensembles peuvent être apposées, du fait de leur orientation, l’une contre l’autre pour l’assemblage et le vissage - ce qui permet de donner à la forme d’équerre 90° son rôle de demi-coque ;- four arms 205 per clamping element 202, two per main branch of the clamping element, which has the shape of a 90° square, from which protrude at each end a short additional leg which every other time carries a nut welded, or receives a screw head; the corresponding additional lugs of the two sub-assemblies can be affixed, due to their orientation, one against the other for assembly and screwing - which makes it possible to give the 90° square shape its role of half shell;
- et six bras 205, par trois groupes de deux, par pièce en équerre 312.- And six arms 205, in three groups of two, per angled piece 312.
La permet de voir les éléments de bridage 202 passer entre les disques 25 adjacents, d’observer également les pièces en équerre 312 et les lames 310 qui dépassent de celles-ci en direction de l’extérieur du rotor. The makes it possible to see the clamping elements 202 passing between the adjacent discs 25, to also observe the square pieces 312 and the blades 310 which protrude from them in the direction of the outside of the rotor.
Ces nouvelles lames perpendiculaires à celles du premier mode de réalisation attaquent le sol avec le plat. Ainsi la machine ne plonge pas dans le sol car les lames ainsi positionnées empêchent le rotor de s’enterrer. On arrache la base du gazon et la terre est lissée et reste en place. On obtient un effet de griffage. Ainsi en arrachant le gazon pourtant très efficacement, on engendre peu de quantité de terre dégagée. Le but étant de créer un volume de déchet minimum. Il ne reste plus qu’à ratisser.These new blades perpendicular to those of the first embodiment attack the ground with the dish. Thus the machine does not plunge into the ground because the blades thus positioned prevent the rotor from burying itself. The base of the grass is pulled up and the earth is smoothed and remains in place. A scratching effect is obtained. Thus, by pulling up the grass, however very effectively, little quantity of soil is created. The goal is to create a minimum volume of waste. All that remains is to rake.
La montre le sens de rotation de l’ensemble de scalpage d’herbe 200 selon le deuxième mode de réalisation : les bras descendent vers le sol du côté le plus en avant de la machine et remontent vers le sol à l’arrière de la machine (arrière et avant étant défini par le sens de l’avancement).The shows the direction of rotation of the grass scalping assembly 200 according to the second embodiment: the arms go down towards the ground on the most front side of the machine and go up towards the ground at the rear of the machine ( rear and front being defined by the direction of travel).
Néanmoins, le sens de rotation peut être choisi indifféremment pour les deux modes de réalisation, sans que cela remette en cause les principes de l’invention. Le mode de rotation de la permet d’éviter d’encrasser le porteur hydraulique. Nevertheless, the direction of rotation can be chosen interchangeably for the two embodiments, without this calling into question the principles of the invention. The mode of rotation of the prevents clogging of the hydraulic carrier.
Ainsi, l’invention porte sur une méthode de préparation du sol comprenant une étape de décapage E1 du sol, puis une étape ultérieure d’enfouissement de pierres E3, l’enfouissement étant effectué à l’aide d’un enfouisseur de pierres comprenant un rotor horizontal 20 placé perpendiculairement à la direction d’avancée de l’enfouisseur, mis en rotation par un moteur et muni de lames transversales 30 en périphérie du rotor configurées pour percer le sol et soulever la terre et les pierres, l’enfouisseur comprenant de plus une grille 40 renvoyant les pierres vers le sol et laissant au contraire passer la terre, en sorte d’enfouir les pierres et de constituer une couche de terre sans pierre en surface du sol préparé au fur et à mesure de l’avancée du rotor 20 sur le sol à préparer.Thus, the invention relates to a soil preparation method comprising a step E1 of stripping the soil, then a subsequent step of burying stones E3, the burying being carried out using a stone buryer comprising a horizontal rotor 20 placed perpendicular to the direction of advance of the digger, rotated by a motor and provided with transverse blades 30 at the periphery of the rotor configured to pierce the ground and lift the earth and stones, the digger comprising plus a grid 40 returning the stones to the ground and on the contrary letting the earth pass, so as to bury the stones and form a layer of earth without stones on the surface of the ground prepared as the rotor advances 20 on the floor to be prepared.
L’étape de décapage E1 est effectuée à l’aide d’un ensemble amovible 200 de lames longitudinales 210 mises en place autour du même rotor horizontal 20, les lames longitudinales 210 étant entrainées en rotation par le moteur par l’intermédiaire dudit rotor horizontal 20, tenant à distance du sol les lames transversales 30, et étant retirées avant l’étape d’enfouissement de pierres E3, l’étape de décapage E1 étant effectuée à l’aide d’un porteur PMO équipé de l’enfouisseur 1 muni de l’ensemble amovible 200 de lames longitudinales, et l’étape E3 d’enfouissement étant ensuite effectuée à l’aide dudit porteur PMO équipé de l’enfouisseur 1, sans l’ensemble 200 amovible de lames longitudinales.The stripping step E1 is carried out using a removable assembly 200 of longitudinal blades 210 placed around the same horizontal rotor 20, the longitudinal blades 210 being driven in rotation by the motor via said horizontal rotor 20, holding the transverse blades 30 at a distance from the ground, and being removed before the step of burying stones E3, the stripping step E1 being carried out using a PMO carrier equipped with the buryer 1 equipped of the removable assembly 200 of longitudinal blades, and the burying step E3 then being carried out using said carrier PMO equipped with the buryer 1, without the removable assembly 200 of longitudinal blades.
Les lames longitudinales 210 de l’ensemble amovible étant au nombre de quatre, l’ensemble amovible est constitué de deux moitiés 200a, 200b qui sont mises en place par bridage l’une vis-à-vis de l’autre autour du rotor unique 20,The longitudinal blades 210 of the removable assembly being four in number, the removable assembly consists of two halves 200a, 200b which are put in place by clamping one vis-à-vis the other around the single rotor 20,
Entre l’étape de décapage E1 et l’étape d’enfouissement E3, une étape de ratissage E2 est effectuée pour écarter les déchets issus du décapage.Between the stripping stage E1 and the burial stage E3, a raking stage E2 is carried out to discard the waste resulting from the stripping.
On a aussi présenté un système de préparation du sol comprenant une machine 1 équipée d’un rotor horizontal 20 muni de lames transversales 30 en périphérie du rotor pour percer le sol et soulever la terre et les pierres, la machine comprenant de plus autour du rotor 20 et des lames transversales 30 une grille 40 renvoyant les pierres vers le sol et laissant au contraire passer la terre, en sorte d’enfouir les pierres et de constituer une couche de terre sans pierre en surface du sol préparé.A soil preparation system has also been presented comprising a machine 1 equipped with a horizontal rotor 20 provided with transverse blades 30 at the periphery of the rotor to pierce the soil and lift the earth and stones, the machine further comprising around the rotor 20 and transverse blades 30 a grid 40 returning the stones to the ground and on the contrary letting the earth pass, so as to bury the stones and form a layer of earth without stones on the surface of the prepared soil.
Le système de préparation du sol comprend de plus un ensemble 200 amovible de lames longitudinales 210, les lames longitudinales 210 mises en place autour du rotor étant au nombre de quatre, l’ensemble amovible étant constitué de deux moitiés 200a, 200b qui sont mises en place par bridage l’une vis-à-vis de l’autre autour du rotor 20, qui quand il est mis en place autour du rotor 20, est tel que les lames longitudinales 210 sont entrainées en rotation par le rotor 20, tiennent à distance du sol les lames transversales 30, et attaquent le sol pour le décaper.The soil preparation system further comprises a removable assembly 200 of longitudinal blades 210, the longitudinal blades 210 placed around the rotor being four in number, the removable assembly consisting of two halves 200a, 200b which are placed in placed by clamping one vis-à-vis the other around the rotor 20, which when it is placed around the rotor 20, is such that the longitudinal blades 210 are driven in rotation by the rotor 20, hold to distance from the ground the transverse blades 30, and attack the ground to strip it.
Claims (9)
- . Méthode de préparation du sol comprenant une étape de décapage (E1) du sol, puis une étape ultérieure d’enfouissement de pierres (E3), l’enfouissement étant effectué à l’aide d’un enfouisseur de pierres comprenant un rotor horizontal (20) placé perpendiculairement à la direction d’avancée de l’enfouisseur, mis en rotation par un moteur et muni de lames transversales (30) en périphérie du rotor configurées pour percer le sol et soulever la terre et les pierres,l’enfouisseur comprenant de plus une grille (40) renvoyant les pierres vers le sol et laissant au contraire passer la terre, en sorte d’enfouir les pierres et de constituer une couche de terre sans pierre en surface du sol préparé au fur et à mesure de l’avancée du rotor (20) sur le sol à préparer, caractérisée en ce que l’étape de décapage (E1) est effectuée à l’aide d’un ensemble amovible (200) de lames longitudinales (210) mises en place autour du même rotor horizontal (20), les lames longitudinales (210) étant entrainées en rotation par le moteur par l’intermédiaire dudit rotor horizontal (20), tenant à distance du sol les lames transversales (30), , et étant retirées avant l’étape d’enfouissement de pierres (E3), l’étape de décapage (E1) étant effectuée à l’aide d’un porteur (PMO) équipé de l’enfouisseur (1) muni de l’ensemble amovible (200) de lames longitudinales, et l’étape (E3) d’enfouissement étant ensuite effectuée à l’aide dudit porteur (PMO) équipé de l’enfouisseur (1), sans l’ensemble (200) amovible de lames longitudinales.. Method for preparing the soil comprising a step of stripping (E1) the soil, then a subsequent step of burying stones (E3), the burying being carried out using a stone buryer comprising a horizontal rotor (20 ) placed perpendicular to the direction of advance of the digger, rotated by a motor and provided with transverse blades (30) at the periphery of the rotor configured to pierce the ground and lift the earth and stones, the digger comprising plus a grid (40) returning the stones to the ground and on the contrary letting the earth pass, so as to bury the stones and form a layer of earth without stones on the surface of the ground prepared as the progress progresses of the rotor (20) on the ground to be prepared, characterized in that the stripping step (E1) is carried out using a removable set (200) of longitudinal blades (210) placed around the same rotor horizontal (20), the longitudinal blades (210) being driven in ro tation by the motor via said horizontal rotor (20), holding the transverse blades (30) at a distance from the ground, and being withdrawn before the stone burying step (E3), the stripping step ( E1) being carried out with the aid of a carrier (PMO) fitted with the digger (1) fitted with the removable assembly (200) of longitudinal blades, and the burying step (E3) then being carried out at using said carrier (PMO) equipped with the digger (1), without the removable set (200) of longitudinal blades.
- . Méthode de préparation du sol selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les lames longitudinales (210) de l’ensemble amovible étant au nombre de quatre, l’ensemble amovible est constitué de deux moitiés (200a, 200b) qui sont mises en place par bridage l’une vis-à-vis de l’autre autour du rotor unique (20),. Method of preparing the ground according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal blades (210) of the removable assembly being four in number, the removable assembly consists of two halves (200a, 200b) which are placed by clamping one vis-à-vis the other around the single rotor (20),
- . Méthode de préparation du sol selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu’entre l’étape de décapage (E1) et l’étape d’enfouissement (E3), une étape de ratissage (E2) est effectuée pour écarter les déchets issus du décapage.. Method of preparing the ground according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that between the stripping step (E1) and the burying step (E3), a raking step (E2) is carried out to remove waste from pickling.
- . Système de préparation du sol comprenant une machine (1) équipée d’un rotor horizontal (20) muni de lames transversales (30) en périphérie du rotor pour percer le sol et soulever la terre et les pierres, la machine comprenant de plus autour du rotor (20) et des lames transversales (30) une grille (40) renvoyant les pierres vers le sol et laissant au contraire passer la terre, en sorte d’enfouir les pierres et de constituer une couche de terre sans pierre en surface du sol préparé, caractérisé en ce que le système de préparation du sol comprend de plus un ensemble (200) amovible de lames longitudinales (210), les lames longitudinales (210) mises en place autour du rotor étant au nombre de quatre, l’ensemble amovible étant constitué de deux moitiés (200a, 200b) qui sont mises en place par bridage l’une vis-à-vis de l’autre autour du rotor (20), qui quand il est mis en place autour du rotor (20), est tel que les lames longitudinales (210) sont entrainées en rotation par le rotor (20), tiennent à distance du sol les lames transversales (30), et attaquent le sol pour le décaper.. Soil preparation system comprising a machine (1) equipped with a horizontal rotor (20) provided with transverse blades (30) at the periphery of the rotor to pierce the soil and lift the earth and stones, the machine further comprising around the rotor (20) and transverse blades (30) a grid (40) returning the stones to the ground and on the contrary allowing the earth to pass through, so as to bury the stones and form a layer of earth without stones on the surface of the ground prepared, characterized in that the soil preparation system further comprises a removable assembly (200) of longitudinal blades (210), the longitudinal blades (210) placed around the rotor being four in number, the removable assembly being made up of two halves (200a, 200b) which are clamped together around the rotor (20), which when clamped around the rotor (20), is such that the longitudinal blades (210) are driven in rotation by the rotor (20), tie nnent away from the ground the transverse blades (30), and attack the ground to strip it.
- . Système de préparation du sol selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les lames longitudinales (210) mises en place autour du rotor sont au nombre de quatre.. Soil preparation system according to Claim 4, characterized in that the longitudinal blades (210) placed around the rotor are four in number.
- . Système de préparation du sol selon la revendication 4 ou la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le système amovible est constitué de deux moitiés (200a, 200b) qui sont mises en place par bridage l’une vis-à-vis de l’autre autour du rotor (20).. Soil tillage system according to Claim 4 or Claim 5, characterized in that the removable system consists of two halves (200a, 200b) which are clamped in place opposite each other around the rotor (20).
- . Système de préparation du sol selon l’une des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les lames longitudinales sont fixées au rotor entre des disques (25) portant des lames transversales successives. . Soil preparation system according to one of Claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the longitudinal blades are fixed to the rotor between discs (25) carrying successive transverse blades.
- . Système de préparation du sol selon l’une des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la machine comprend une tête d’attelage (10) pour être déplacée par un engin de traction motorisé.. Soil preparation system according to one of Claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the machine comprises a coupling head (10) to be moved by a motorized traction device.
- . Système de préparation du sol selon l’une des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la machine comprend une alimentation (6) en puissance hydraulique pour assurer la rotation du rotor horizontal (20).. Soil preparation system according to one of Claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the machine comprises a hydraulic power supply (6) to ensure the rotation of the horizontal rotor (20).
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EP22751359.5A EP4369903A1 (en) | 2021-07-16 | 2022-07-15 | Machine and method for preparing the soil |
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FRFR2107704 | 2021-07-16 | ||
FR2107704A FR3125200B1 (en) | 2021-07-16 | 2021-07-16 | soil preparation machine and method |
FRFR2205845 | 2022-06-15 | ||
FR2205845A FR3125199B1 (en) | 2021-07-16 | 2022-06-15 | soil preparation machine and method |
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2506223A1 (en) * | 1975-02-14 | 1976-08-26 | Alfred Prof Dr Ing Stroppel | Multiple component soil working machine - has sets of aerators, organic material comminuters and mixing tools |
FR2589032A1 (en) * | 1985-10-29 | 1987-04-30 | Heinen Michel | Device for breaking up the soil |
CN2297834Y (en) * | 1997-04-01 | 1998-11-25 | 张远明 | Stubble shredding device |
WO2019021242A1 (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2019-01-31 | Celli S.P.A. | Apparatus for the treatment of a land |
-
2022
- 2022-07-15 WO PCT/EP2022/069964 patent/WO2023285699A1/en active Application Filing
- 2022-07-15 EP EP22751359.5A patent/EP4369903A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2506223A1 (en) * | 1975-02-14 | 1976-08-26 | Alfred Prof Dr Ing Stroppel | Multiple component soil working machine - has sets of aerators, organic material comminuters and mixing tools |
FR2589032A1 (en) * | 1985-10-29 | 1987-04-30 | Heinen Michel | Device for breaking up the soil |
CN2297834Y (en) * | 1997-04-01 | 1998-11-25 | 张远明 | Stubble shredding device |
WO2019021242A1 (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2019-01-31 | Celli S.P.A. | Apparatus for the treatment of a land |
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