WO1993015597A1 - Soil auger for planting trees or shrubs - Google Patents
Soil auger for planting trees or shrubs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993015597A1 WO1993015597A1 PCT/FR1992/000105 FR9200105W WO9315597A1 WO 1993015597 A1 WO1993015597 A1 WO 1993015597A1 FR 9200105 W FR9200105 W FR 9200105W WO 9315597 A1 WO9315597 A1 WO 9315597A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- auger
- bar
- digging
- drill bit
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/04—Machines for making or covering holes for sowing or planting
Definitions
- the invention which is in the field of cultivators for planting trees or shrubs relates more specifically to an improved auger for digging soils in difficult areas.
- the invention provides a solution to these various problems by proposing an asymmetrical auger having members ensuring the cutting of the ground, which are removable.
- the auger of the invention therefore lends itself particularly well to use in hard-to-reach terrain, such as embankments, gardens and generally any surface that can be reached by a tractor.
- the main object of the invention therefore consists of an auger for planting trees or shrubs comprising a vertical tube ending in a drill bit aligned with the tube and laterally equipped with soil digging tools, auger according to which the soil digging tools are mounted asymmetrically and interchangeably on the side of the tube, the main digging tool consisting of at least one cutting blade mounted on a single support bar extending horizontally from from the lower end of the tube, above the drill bit.
- the bar and the cutting blades which it carries are inclined to the horizontal so that the blades are oriented downwards.
- the blades are fixed in cells distributed on the bar thanks to a rubber band which wedges the blade in its support.
- a triangular-shaped clearing plate with a chamfered lower horizontal edge is fixed to one side of the tube on the side opposite the bar.
- Figure 1 an elevational view of the auger
- Figure 2 a partial elevational view of the lower end of the auger oriented at 90 ° relative to Figure 1;
- Figure 3 a top view and plan view of the auger.
- the central element of the auger visible in Figures 1 to 3 is a tube 2 having a length corresponding to the maximum depth of the desired digging, and the upper part of which is welded to a flange 1 pierced with orifices 12, for connecting the tool to a support and rotation system, not shown.
- the tube 2 ends in a drill bit 4 aligned with the tube 2 and fixed by a bolt 7 to a heel 6 made of mild steel, itself welded to an extension 5 of the tube 2.
- the lower end 13 of the drill bit is in the form of a double helix with two tapered ends, promoting the penetration of the auger into the ground.
- a clearing plate 3 of triangular shape On one side of the tube at the start of the extension 5, is fixed a clearing plate 3 of triangular shape whose lower horizontal edge 14 is chamfered. It can be seen in FIG. 2 that the plate 3 is slightly inclined relative to the median vertical plane of the tube 2. Opposite this plate, on the other side of the tube, also at the start of the extension 5, s' horizontally extends a single bar 8 serving to support several teeth or cutting blades 9 at the beveled end. The support bar 8 is therefore welded to the end of the tube 2. Its plane which is also the plane of the blades 9 is inclined at 30 ° on the horizontal so that the point of the blades is oriented downwards as it appears more precisely. in Figure 2.
- the support bar is previously heated and then twisted to 30 ° before being welded.
- the cutting blades 9 are fixed in corresponding cells 10 regularly distributed on the bar 8, by means of a small rubber band 11 which wedges the blade in its support. This allows a very easy replacement of the blade when it is worn.
- the support bar 8 equipped with its cutting blades 9 constitutes the main tool for digging the auger.
- the tube 2 is fixed to a machine for rotating the auger using the flange 1.
- the drill bit 4 penetrates into the ground, the lower end 13 serving to guide it in its vertical penetration movement.
- the clearing plate 3 attacks the surface around the tube on a circumference corresponding to its travel.
- the plate 3, because of its chamfer 14 and its slight inclination can tear the surface grass and the roots close to the tube 2.
- the cutting blades 9 plow the earth on a larger circumference, corresponding to the travel of the support bar 8. Due to the preferential inclination of 30 °, the earth is turned over and reduced to loose soil without being rejected towards the outside.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
Soil digging implements (39) are mounted asymmetrically and interchangeably to the side of the tube (2). The main digging implement comprises cutting blades (9) mounted on a single support bar (8) extending horizontally from the bottom end of the tube, above the boring bit (4). Application in digging all soils and particularly in zones where access is difficult.
Description
larière pour la plantation d'arbres ou d'arbustes for the planting of trees or shrubs
L'invention qui se situe dans le domaine des cultivateurs pour la plantation d'arbres ou d'arbustes concerne plus précisément une tarière perfectionnée pour le 5 creusement des sols dans des zones difficiles.The invention which is in the field of cultivators for planting trees or shrubs relates more specifically to an improved auger for digging soils in difficult areas.
L'usage de tarières montées sur des cultivateurs pour faire des trous en vue de la plantation d'arbres ou d'arbustes est largement: répandu et il existe une grande variété de ces outils, aussi bien dans leurs formes que dansThe use of augers mounted on cultivators to make holes for the planting of trees or shrubs is widespread: widespread and there is a wide variety of these tools, both in their forms and in
10 leurs dimensions, en fonction de la profondeur et de la taille du trou à effectuer, ainsi que de la nature du terrain à creuser. Toutes les tarières connues présentent cependant en commun un certain nombre d'inconvénients. Ainsi, lors du creusement, la terre est retirée du trou et chassée10 their dimensions, depending on the depth and size of the hole to be made, as well as the nature of the ground to be dug. All known augers, however, have a number of drawbacks in common. So, when digging, the earth is removed from the hole and driven out
15 sur le coté et il faut ensuite la replacer dans le trou lors de la plantation. Ensuite, dans bien des cas, et selon l'humidité et le degré de compactage du terrain, les parois du trou se trouvent polies par l'action de la tarière et forment ensuite une barrière à la pénétration des racines15 on the side and must then be replaced in the hole when planting. Then, in many cases, and depending on the humidity and the degree of compaction of the soil, the walls of the hole are polished by the action of the auger and then form a barrier to root penetration.
20 latérales de l'arbre nouvellement planté, ce qui nuit à leur développement, à leur stabilité future sous l'action du vent, et à leur irrigation. Ces inconvénients ont pu être évités par l'emploi de tarières équipées de lames de découpage qui découpent la terre sans l'ôter et sans polir20 lateral sides of the newly planted tree, which affects their development, their future stability under the action of the wind, and their irrigation. These drawbacks have been avoided by the use of augers equipped with cutting blades which cut the earth without removing it and without polishing
25 les parois du trou, mais elles constituent alors des instruments lourds nécessitant un tracteur approprié difficilement utilisable dans des endroits d'accès malaisé. En outre, pour chaque changement de diamètre du forage, il faut monter une autre tarière correspondante à ce diamètre,25 the walls of the hole, but they then constitute heavy instruments requiring a suitable tractor difficult to use in places of awkward access. In addition, for each change in diameter of the borehole, another auger corresponding to this diameter must be fitted,
30 d'où une perte de temps.30 hence a waste of time.
L'invention apporte une solution à ces différents problèmes en proposant une tarière asymétrique disposant d'organes assurant le découpage du sol, qui sont amoviblesThe invention provides a solution to these various problems by proposing an asymmetrical auger having members ensuring the cutting of the ground, which are removable.
"*> et interchangeables pour adapter rapidement l'outil au"*> and interchangeable to quickly adapt the tool to
35 diamètre recherché, et qui autorise en outre le creusement d'un trou sans évacuation de la terre ni polissage des bords tout en étant plus légère et plus maniable . La tarière de l'invention se prête donc particulièrement bien à un usage
en terrains difficilement accessibles, comme les talus, jardins et d'une façon générale toute surface qui peut être atteinte par un tracteur.35 desired diameter, and which also allows the digging of a hole without evacuating the earth or polishing the edges while being lighter and more manageable. The auger of the invention therefore lends itself particularly well to use in hard-to-reach terrain, such as embankments, gardens and generally any surface that can be reached by a tractor.
L'objet principal de l'invention consiste donc en une tarière pour la plantation d'arbres ou d'arbustes comportant un tube vertical se terminant par un trépan de forage aligné avec le tube et équipé latéralement d'outils de creusement du sol, tarière selon laquelle les outils de creusement du sol sont montés de façon asymétrique et interchangeable sur le coté du tube, l'outil principal du creusement étant constitué d'au moins une lame de coupe montée sur une unique barre-support s 'étendant horizontalement à partir de l'extrémité inférieure du tube, au dessus du trépan de forage. Avantageusement la barre et les lames de coupe qu'elle porte sont inclinées sur l'horizontale pour que les lames soient orientées vers le bas. En outre, les lames sont fixées dans des alvéoles réparties sur la barre grâce à une bande de caoutchouc qui coince la lame dans son support . Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, une plaque de déblaiement de forme triangulaire à bordure horizontale inférieure chanfreinée est fixée sur un coté du tube du coté opposé à la barre.The main object of the invention therefore consists of an auger for planting trees or shrubs comprising a vertical tube ending in a drill bit aligned with the tube and laterally equipped with soil digging tools, auger according to which the soil digging tools are mounted asymmetrically and interchangeably on the side of the tube, the main digging tool consisting of at least one cutting blade mounted on a single support bar extending horizontally from from the lower end of the tube, above the drill bit. Advantageously, the bar and the cutting blades which it carries are inclined to the horizontal so that the blades are oriented downwards. In addition, the blades are fixed in cells distributed on the bar thanks to a rubber band which wedges the blade in its support. According to another characteristic of the invention, a triangular-shaped clearing plate with a chamfered lower horizontal edge is fixed to one side of the tube on the side opposite the bar.
D'autres caractéristiques de l'invention ressortiront de la description suivante d'un exemple non limitatif de réalisation faisant référence aux dessins annexés qui représentent :Other characteristics of the invention will emerge from the following description of a non-limiting example of embodiment referring to the appended drawings which represent:
Figure 1 une vue en élévation de la tarière ; Figure 2 une vue partielle en élévation de l'extrémité inférieure de la tarière orientée à 90° par rapport à la figure 1 ;Figure 1 an elevational view of the auger; Figure 2 a partial elevational view of the lower end of the auger oriented at 90 ° relative to Figure 1;
Figure 3 une vue du dessus et en plan de la tarière .Figure 3 a top view and plan view of the auger.
L'élément central de la tarière visible sur les figures 1 à 3 est un tube 2 ayant une longeur correspondant à la profondeur maximun du creusement recherché, et dont la partie supérieure est soudée à une bride 1 percée d'orifices
12, pour le raccordement de l'outil à un système de support et de mise en rotation non représenté. A sa partie inférieure le tube 2 se termine par un trépan de forage 4 aligné avec le tube 2 et fixé par un boulon 7 à un talon 6 en acier doux, lui-même soudé à une extension 5 du tube 2.The central element of the auger visible in Figures 1 to 3 is a tube 2 having a length corresponding to the maximum depth of the desired digging, and the upper part of which is welded to a flange 1 pierced with orifices 12, for connecting the tool to a support and rotation system, not shown. At its lower part, the tube 2 ends in a drill bit 4 aligned with the tube 2 and fixed by a bolt 7 to a heel 6 made of mild steel, itself welded to an extension 5 of the tube 2.
Le bout inférieur 13 du trépan est en forme de double hélice à deux extrémités effilées, favorisant la pénétration de la tarière dans le sol.The lower end 13 of the drill bit is in the form of a double helix with two tapered ends, promoting the penetration of the auger into the ground.
Sur un coté du tube au niveau du début de l'extension 5, est fixée une plaque de déblaiement 3 de forme triangulaire dont la bordure horizontale inférieure 14 est chanfreinée . On voit à la figure 2 que la plaque 3 est légèrement inclinée par rapport au plan vertical médian du tube 2. En face de cette plaque, de l'autre coté du tube, également au niveau du début de l'extension 5, s'étend horizontalement une unique barre 8 servant de support à plusieurs dents ou lames de coupe 9 à l'extrémité biseautée. La barre porteuse 8 est donc soudée à l'extrémité du tube 2. Son plan qui est également le plan des lames 9 est incliné à 30° sur l'horizontale pour que la pointe des lames soit orientée vers le bas comme cela apparait plus précisément à la figure 2. Pour obtenir cette inclinaison, la barre porteuse est préalablement chauffée puis tordue à 30° avant d'être soudée. Les lames de coupe 9 sont fixées dans des alvéoles 10 correspondantes régulièrement réparties sur la barre 8, grâce à une petite bande de caoutchouc 11 qui coince la lame dans son support . Ceci permet un remplacement très facile de la lame lorsqu'elle est usée. La barre- support 8 équipée de ses lames de coupe 9 constitue l'outil principal de creusement de la tarière.On one side of the tube at the start of the extension 5, is fixed a clearing plate 3 of triangular shape whose lower horizontal edge 14 is chamfered. It can be seen in FIG. 2 that the plate 3 is slightly inclined relative to the median vertical plane of the tube 2. Opposite this plate, on the other side of the tube, also at the start of the extension 5, s' horizontally extends a single bar 8 serving to support several teeth or cutting blades 9 at the beveled end. The support bar 8 is therefore welded to the end of the tube 2. Its plane which is also the plane of the blades 9 is inclined at 30 ° on the horizontal so that the point of the blades is oriented downwards as it appears more precisely. in Figure 2. To obtain this inclination, the support bar is previously heated and then twisted to 30 ° before being welded. The cutting blades 9 are fixed in corresponding cells 10 regularly distributed on the bar 8, by means of a small rubber band 11 which wedges the blade in its support. This allows a very easy replacement of the blade when it is worn. The support bar 8 equipped with its cutting blades 9 constitutes the main tool for digging the auger.
La tarière ainsi décrite fonctionne de la façon suivante :The auger thus described operates as follows:
On fixe le tube 2 à une machine pour la mise en rotation de la tarière à l'aide de la bride 1.The tube 2 is fixed to a machine for rotating the auger using the flange 1.
Quand le tube 2 tourne, le trépan 4 pénétre dans le sol, le bout inférieur 13 servant à le guider dans son
mouvement de pénétration verticale. Dès que le trépan a pénétré dans le sol, la plaque de déblaiement 3 attaque la surface autour du tube sur une circonférence correspondant à son débattement. La plaque 3, du fait de son chanfrein 14 et de sa légère inclinaison peut arracher l'herbe de surface et les racines proches du tube 2. Simultanément, les lames de coupe 9 labourent la terre sur une circonférence plus importante, correspondant au débattement de la barre-support 8. Du fait de l'inclinaison préférentielle de 30°, la terre est retournée et réduite en terre meuble sans être rejetée vers l'extérieur. Il n'y a pas formation de polissage de la paroi du trou, au cours du creusement, au contraire la lame d'extrémité casse les bords de trou et crée des stries ou des irrégularités qui favorisent le drainage. On peut évidemment utiliser des tubes de longueurs variables selon la profondeur du trou que l'on veut obtenir. On peut aussi utiliser un jeu de plusieurs barres-support 8 de différentes longueurs, sur lesquelles sont montées, une, deux, trois, quatre ou n lames de coupe en fonction du diamètre du trou recherché. A l'extrême on pourrait utiliser une seule lame de coupe sur une barre de longueur au moins équivalente au débattement de la plaque de déblaiement . Cette dernière qui participe à l'arrachage de l'herbe, comme on l'a indiqué précédemment est éventuellement montée de façon amovible pour pouvoir être otée dans certains cas particuliers d'utilisation ou de terrains rencontrés.
When the tube 2 rotates, the drill bit 4 penetrates into the ground, the lower end 13 serving to guide it in its vertical penetration movement. As soon as the drill bit has entered the ground, the clearing plate 3 attacks the surface around the tube on a circumference corresponding to its travel. The plate 3, because of its chamfer 14 and its slight inclination can tear the surface grass and the roots close to the tube 2. Simultaneously, the cutting blades 9 plow the earth on a larger circumference, corresponding to the travel of the support bar 8. Due to the preferential inclination of 30 °, the earth is turned over and reduced to loose soil without being rejected towards the outside. There is no polishing of the wall of the hole, during digging, on the contrary the end blade breaks the edges of the hole and creates streaks or irregularities which promote drainage. It is obviously possible to use tubes of variable lengths depending on the depth of the hole that one wants to obtain. One can also use a set of several support bars 8 of different lengths, on which are mounted, one, two, three, four or n cutting blades depending on the diameter of the desired hole. In the extreme, a single cutting blade could be used on a bar of length at least equivalent to the clearance of the clearing plate. The latter which participates in the uprooting of the grass, as indicated above is optionally removably mounted in order to be able to be removed in certain particular cases of use or of land encountered.
Claims
1.- Tarière pour la plantation d'arbres ou d'arbustes comportant un tube vertical se terminant par un trépan de forage aligné avec le tube et équipée latéralement d'outils de creusement du sol montés de façon asymétrique, caractérisée en ce que les outils de creusement du sol (3,9) sont interchangeables et fixés au même niveau de chaque côté du tube (2) et en ce que l'outil principal de creusement est constitué d'au moins une lame de coupe (9) montée sur une unique barre-support (8) s 'étendant horizontalement à partir de l'extrémité inférieure du tube, au-dessus du trépan de forage (4) . 1.- Auger for planting trees or shrubs comprising a vertical tube ending in a drill bit aligned with the tube and laterally equipped with soil digging tools mounted asymmetrically, characterized in that the tools for digging the ground (3,9) are interchangeable and fixed at the same level on each side of the tube (2) and in that the main digging tool consists of at least one cutting blade (9) mounted on a single support bar (8) extending horizontally from the lower end of the tube, above the drill bit (4).
2.- Tarière selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la barre (8) et les lames de coupe (9) qu'elle porte sont inclinées sur l'horizontale pour que les lames soient orientées vers le bas .2. Auger according to claim 1, characterized in that the bar (8) and the cutting blades (9) which it carries are inclined on the horizontal so that the blades are oriented downwards.
3.- Tarière selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les lames (9) sont fixées dans des alvéoles (10) répartis sur la barre (8), grâce à une bande de caoutchouc (11) qui coince la lame dans son support.3.- Auger according to claim 1, characterized in that the blades (9) are fixed in cells (10) distributed on the bar (8), thanks to a rubber band (11) which wedges the blade in its support .
4.- Tarière selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'une plaque de déblaiement (3) de forme triangulaire à bordure horizontale inférieure (14) chanfreinée est fixée sur un côté du tube (2) du côté opposé à la barre (8) .4. Auger according to claim 1, characterized in that a clearing plate (3) of triangular shape with a lower horizontal edge (14) chamfered is fixed on one side of the tube (2) on the side opposite to the bar (8 ).
5.- Tarière selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le bout inférieur (13) du trépan de forage (4) est en forme de double hélice à deux extrémités effilées . 5. Auger according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end (13) of the drill bit (4) is in the form of a double helix with two tapered ends.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9010061A FR2665607B1 (en) | 1990-08-07 | 1990-08-07 | AUGER FOR THE PLANTING OF TREES OR SHRUBS. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1993015597A1 true WO1993015597A1 (en) | 1993-08-19 |
Family
ID=9399477
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR1992/000105 WO1993015597A1 (en) | 1990-08-07 | 1992-02-06 | Soil auger for planting trees or shrubs |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2665607B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993015597A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106068796A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-11-09 | 浙江皇嘉园林工具制造有限公司 | A kind of new and effective ground drill bit on chain saw |
| CN108142036A (en) * | 2018-02-21 | 2018-06-12 | 新疆农业大学 | The formula that fetches earth hole-making device |
| CN108353572A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-08-03 | 从江远大种养殖业有限公司 | A kind of passion fruit plantation digging apparatus |
| CN109673206A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-04-26 | 尚振兴 | A kind of pit-picker double helix brill earth boring auger head |
| CN115812554A (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-03-21 | 珠海市风景园林集团有限公司 | Coastal saline-alkali soil restoration treatment planting equipment suitable for planting of large and small plants |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110036721A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-23 | 安徽省大地园林股份有限公司 | A kind of greenbelt planting tree tapping equipment |
| CN113207371B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-03-22 | 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院 | Independent sowing mechanism |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH86999A (en) * | 1920-02-13 | 1920-12-16 | Nobs Alfred | Device for digging plant holes. |
| CH298056A (en) * | 1952-02-23 | 1954-04-15 | Planta Hartmann | Set of construction components. |
| DE1049144B (en) * | 1957-12-16 | 1959-01-22 | Andreas Stihl | Plant hole borer |
| DE1091803B (en) * | 1958-05-19 | 1960-10-27 | Stihl Andreas | Device for soil wounding and making plant holes |
| US3330055A (en) * | 1964-11-10 | 1967-07-11 | Petersen Anita E | Resilient retaining means for jacketed tooth |
-
1990
- 1990-08-07 FR FR9010061A patent/FR2665607B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-02-06 WO PCT/FR1992/000105 patent/WO1993015597A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH86999A (en) * | 1920-02-13 | 1920-12-16 | Nobs Alfred | Device for digging plant holes. |
| CH298056A (en) * | 1952-02-23 | 1954-04-15 | Planta Hartmann | Set of construction components. |
| DE1049144B (en) * | 1957-12-16 | 1959-01-22 | Andreas Stihl | Plant hole borer |
| DE1091803B (en) * | 1958-05-19 | 1960-10-27 | Stihl Andreas | Device for soil wounding and making plant holes |
| US3330055A (en) * | 1964-11-10 | 1967-07-11 | Petersen Anita E | Resilient retaining means for jacketed tooth |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106068796A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-11-09 | 浙江皇嘉园林工具制造有限公司 | A kind of new and effective ground drill bit on chain saw |
| CN108142036A (en) * | 2018-02-21 | 2018-06-12 | 新疆农业大学 | The formula that fetches earth hole-making device |
| CN108142036B (en) * | 2018-02-21 | 2023-10-27 | 新疆农业大学 | Soil sampling type hole punching device |
| CN108353572A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-08-03 | 从江远大种养殖业有限公司 | A kind of passion fruit plantation digging apparatus |
| CN109673206A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-04-26 | 尚振兴 | A kind of pit-picker double helix brill earth boring auger head |
| CN115812554A (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-03-21 | 珠海市风景园林集团有限公司 | Coastal saline-alkali soil restoration treatment planting equipment suitable for planting of large and small plants |
| CN115812554B (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-08-11 | 珠海市风景园林集团有限公司 | Coast saline-alkali soil restoration treatment planting equipment suitable for large and small plant planting |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2665607A1 (en) | 1992-02-14 |
| FR2665607B1 (en) | 1994-05-27 |
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