WO2023281782A1 - 車載制御装置及び製造方法 - Google Patents
車載制御装置及び製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023281782A1 WO2023281782A1 PCT/JP2022/003945 JP2022003945W WO2023281782A1 WO 2023281782 A1 WO2023281782 A1 WO 2023281782A1 JP 2022003945 W JP2022003945 W JP 2022003945W WO 2023281782 A1 WO2023281782 A1 WO 2023281782A1
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- Prior art keywords
- control device
- vehicle control
- base
- fins
- cover
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/36—Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an in-vehicle control device and a manufacturing method thereof.
- Automobiles are equipped with various ECUs, such as an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) that recognizes the external environment from camera images, and an autonomous driving ECU that determines the driving route from the recognized external information.
- ECU Electronic Control Unit
- autonomous driving ECU that determines the driving route from the recognized external information.
- a heat dissipation structure for electronic components a structure is known in which a heat dissipation area is enlarged by erecting heat dissipation fins on a case for housing a circuit board (Patent Document 1, etc.).
- In-vehicle control devices are required to be lightweight in order to improve not only heat dissipation performance but also fuel efficiency and environmental friendliness.
- the heat radiation fins of the in-vehicle control device are formed by die casting, a type of mold casting method, and the thickness and pitch of the fins are greatly restricted due to the need to press the material into the mold and release the mold, resulting in poor heat dissipation performance. is not always easy.
- the actual situation is that it is difficult to reduce the weight due to the properties of the material used for die casting (for example, AD12 material).
- Patent Document 1 also mentions that the radiating fins are made of aluminum and does not describe the manufacturing method, but since the thickness of the radiating fins is stated to be 2 mm, there is no doubt that they are made of aluminum die-cast. By the way.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an in-vehicle control device and a method of manufacturing the same that are highly compatible with light weight and heat dissipation performance.
- the present invention provides an in-vehicle device including a base, a cover fixed to the base, a circuit board housed in the base and the cover, and electronic components mounted on the circuit board.
- the control device at least one of the base and the cover is made of one sheet of steel plate material, and is an integral structure of a plurality of radiation fins made of a part of the steel plate material and a main body made of the remaining part of the steel plate material.
- both lightness and heat dissipation performance can be highly compatible.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded view of an in-vehicle control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The perspective view seen from the base side of the vehicle-mounted control apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a mounting state of the in-vehicle control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of heat radiation fins provided in area A of an in-vehicle control device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of heat radiation fins provided in area B of the vehicle-mounted control device according to the second embodiment of the present invention; The perspective view seen from the cover side of the vehicle-mounted control apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The perspective view seen from the base side of the vehicle-mounted control apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an outline of a partial cross section of an in-vehicle control device according to a third embodiment of the present invention; The perspective view seen from the cover side of the vehicle-mounted control apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. The perspective view seen from the base side of the vehicle-mounted control apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an outline of a partial cross section of an in-vehicle control device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention; Diagram showing the outline of the cross section of a general aluminum die-cast fin
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an in-vehicle control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention as seen from the cover side
- FIG. 2 is a developed view
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view as seen from the base side
- FIG. 4 is the IV section in FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the radiating fins viewed in the direction of arrow V in FIG. 6
- FIG. 7 is a diagram viewed in the direction of arrow VII in FIG.
- the in-vehicle control device 1 (hereinafter abbreviated as the control device 1) shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 is a type of computer, and is an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) that is mounted on the vehicle structure and mounted on the vehicle.
- the control device 1 described in each embodiment below is mounted, for example, in an engine room of an automobile, but may be mounted in locations other than the engine room of the automobile.
- the control device 1 includes a base 10, a cover 20, a circuit board 30 (FIG. 2), and electronic components. These components are described below.
- the base 10 is a base structure of the in-vehicle control device 1, and is made of a general-purpose steel plate material (hot-rolled steel plate or cold-rolled steel plate). Specifically, the base 10 is a plate-like member having a rectangular shape as a whole, and a plurality of heat radiation fins 15 (described later) are erected by slicing the surface layer of a steel plate material and bending and erecting (sharpening) the base of the base 10 . It is a thing.
- the base 10 is made of an aluminum plate material, and is not subjected to coating such as plating.
- male threaded portions 11 projecting upward (toward the cover 20 side) are provided near the four corners of the base 10, respectively.
- screw holes 12 are provided at the four corners of the base 10, respectively.
- the cover 20 is formed in a convex dome shape on the side opposite to the base 10 (the Z direction in FIG. 1), and constitutes the housing of the control device 1 together with the base 10.
- a plurality of covers (four in this embodiment) are provided. is fixed to the base 10 by a screw 5 of. Each screw 5 is screwed into the screw hole 12 of the base 10 via the through hole 22 (FIG. 2) opened at the four corners of the cover 20. As shown in FIG. Accordingly, the cover 20 is fastened to the base 10 to surround and protect the circuit board 30 together with the base 10 .
- resins such as PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PPS (polyphenylene sulfide), and PA (nylon) are used as the material of the cover 20 to reduce the weight of the cover 20 .
- the cover 20 may be made of metal containing aluminum, iron, or the like as a main component.
- a seal 9 is sandwiched between the base 10 and the cover 20 to enhance waterproofness and airtightness between the base 10 and the cover 20.
- an adhesive composed of a material such as silicone, epoxy, or urethane, or an O-ring composed of a rubber material can be used.
- the control device 1 is attached to a vehicle structure (for example, the vehicle-side bracket BKT shown in FIG. 6) by means of a flange 23 .
- the flange 23 is formed integrally with the cover 20 in this embodiment, the flange 23 may be formed on the base 10 .
- the flange 23 can be formed together when the base 10 is press-molded from a steel plate.
- the flanges 23 are provided at both ends of the cover 20 in a direction (Y direction in FIG. 1) orthogonal to a direction (X direction in FIG. 1) in which the radiation fins 15 (to be described later) extend along the main body 14 of the base 10 .
- These flanges 23 include leg portions 23a extending beyond the base 10 from the cover 20 toward the base 10 (-Z direction in FIG. 1), and grounding portions 23b extending outward ( ⁇ Y directions) from the tips of the leg portions 23a. and are formed in an L shape (Fig. 7).
- Each grounding portion 23b is fastened to the vehicle-side bracket BKT with a plurality of (two each in this embodiment) mounting screws 4, thereby fixing the control device 1 to the structure of the vehicle.
- a ventilation space VS (FIG. 7) for passing air between the structure of the automobile (the bracket BKT on the automobile side) and the main body 14 of the base 10 is secured by the leg portion 23a.
- the height (Z-direction dimension) of the leg portion 23a is set larger than the height H (FIG. 5) of the heat radiation fins 15 in order to avoid contact between the heat radiation fins 15 and the structure of the vehicle (the vehicle-side bracket BKT). There is.
- a circuit board 30 is housed in the base 10 and the cover 20 . Electronic components and connectors 49 are mounted on the circuit board 30 .
- the circuit board 30 has through holes 31 (FIG. 2) at its four corners. Therefore, it is fixed to the base 10 .
- the connector 49 is made of resin such as PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PA (polyamide), PPS (polyphenylene sulfide).
- the connector 49 has a plurality of connector terminals made of metal containing copper as a main component, and is connected to a connector (not shown) at the tip of a harness extending from a communication partner device on the automobile side.
- the connector terminal is a terminal for exchanging voltage and current with a connection counterpart, and is connected to a circuit formed on the circuit board 30 by soldering, press-fitting, or the like.
- the connector 49 is exposed from the housing composed of the base 10 and the cover 20 , but the seal 9 is also interposed between the connector 49 and the base 10 and the cover 20 . As a result, the periphery of the connector 49 is also sealed with the seal 9 to ensure waterproofness.
- BGA All grid array
- QFN Quad flat no lead package
- the base 10 is made of a sheet of general-purpose steel plate material (in this embodiment, an aluminum plate material such as JIS A5052).
- the base 10 is made of a single steel plate material, and is composed of a plurality of thin plate-like heat radiation fins 15 made of a part of this steel plate material, and a main body 14 made of the rest of the steel plate material (that is, the portion other than the heat radiation fins 15). It is an integral structure. That is, the main body 14 and the radiation fins 15 are originally made of the same sheet of steel plate.
- Each radiating fin 15 is a rectangular, smooth and thin plate of uniform shape and size, and is arranged parallel to a region corresponding to the position of an object to be cooled such as an electronic component mounted on the circuit board 30 at a constant pitch. in line.
- a steel plate is pressed to form a basic shape (half-finished product of the base 10 ) having small irregularities used for positioning the cover 20 and the seal 9 .
- the heat radiating fins 15 are obtained by slicing (or cutting off) the surface layer of a predetermined region of the steel plate material formed into a basic shape by pressing by skiving. Unlike cutting and grinding, there is almost no scraping off of the steel plate material.
- the surface of the steel plate on which the heat radiating fins 15 are shaved is the outer wall surface of the control device 1 (the surface on the side opposite to the circuit board 30). ).
- the main body 14 of the base 10 is the portion of the base material remaining after the radiating fins have been shaved off, ie, the portion of the steel sheet after press working excluding the radiating fins 15 .
- a plurality of heat radiating fins 15 are positioned in a ventilation space VS secured between the vehicle structure (automobile side bracket BKT) and the main body 14 of the base 10 by the flange 23 described above.
- the heat radiating fins 15 are elements exposed on the outer wall surface of the outer shell of the control device 1, but are surrounded and protected by the main body 14 of the base 10, the structure of the automobile and the two flanges 23 as described above.
- each radiation fin 15 is formed parallel to the XZ plane in the XYZ coordinate system shown in FIG.
- the ventilation space VS created between the flanges 23 arranged on both sides of the cover 20 in the Y direction is in the X direction, that is, in the direction in which the plurality of heat radiating fins 15 extend along the surface of the main body 14 of the base 10. It is open on both sides.
- a part of the surface layer of the steel plate is shaved off to form the radiation fins 15, so that the main body 14 of the base 10 has a thin rectangular parallelepiped shape in which the surface (the surface opposite to the circuit board 30) is recessed by a predetermined step size s.
- a recess 14a (Fig. 5) is provided.
- Each radiation fin 15 stands in this recess 14a, and the width of the recess 14a and each radiation fin 15 (the width in the X direction in this example) correspond to each other.
- each of the plurality of radiating fins 15 has the same thickness at the base portion near the main body 14 of the base 10 and at the tip portion far from the main body 14 .
- t is the thickness of each radiation fin
- d is the surface-to-surface distance between two adjacent radiation fins
- d is the height of each radiation fin (the distance from the recess 14a to the tip of the radiation fin 15). ) is H
- the step size depth of the recess 14a
- the thickness t of each radiation fin 15, the inter-surface distance d between two adjacent radiation fins 15, the height H of each radiation fin, and the step size s are By adjusting, it is possible to manufacture heat radiation fins of a desired size. In such skive processing, thinner heat radiation fins can be formed at a narrower pitch than die-cast heat radiation fins.
- the thickness t of the radiation fins 15 can be set to 0.4 mm or less, which is difficult to achieve with die-cast radiation fins.
- the total surface area of the plurality of radiation fins 15 is eight times or more the planar view area of the base 10 where the radiation fins 15 are installed (skived area).
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the outline of a cross section of a general aluminum die-cast fin.
- Radiation fins used in control units (ECUs) used in automobiles are generally die-cast (for example, aluminum die-cast). Therefore, it is necessary to consider the flowability and releasability inside the mold of the die-cast material to be press-fitted. 4 mm). Therefore, the number of radiating fins that can be formed in a region of a certain size is greatly restricted.
- the thickness of the die-cast radiator fin increases toward the root as shown in FIG. A fillet at the root portion is also necessary, and the occurrence of waste meat cannot be avoided.
- die-cast materials for example, AD12 material
- even aluminum-based materials have a low purity of aluminum, and therefore have a large specific gravity and low salt corrosion resistance compared to high-purity aluminum plate materials.
- a general-purpose steel plate is used for the base 10 .
- a die-cast material is not suitable for scraping out heat radiation fins due to its characteristics.
- the base 10 is lighter than the conventional die-cast structure due to the material properties of the high-purity steel plate. Therefore, according to the control device 1 of the present embodiment, it is possible to achieve both lightness and heat dissipation performance at a high level.
- the heat radiating fins 15 can be formed by slicing and raising the surface layer of the steel plate, there is no need to consider the melt flowability and releasability inside the mold unlike die casting. Neither a fillet at the base of the heat radiating fin 15 nor a draft angle of the mold is required, and a thinned portion is not required.
- the shape of the radiating fins 15 is not restricted in consideration of the mold. , pitch and number of sheets can be flexibly changed.
- the plate thickness of the steel plate used as the material can be easily selected by taking into consideration that the volumes of the portions A1 and A2 in FIG. Therefore, the heat radiation fins 15 can be flexibly designed and manufactured according to the heat radiation area required according to the amount of heat generated by the control device 1 . can be eight times or more the area of the installation area in a plan view.
- An improvement in the heat dissipation capability can contribute to an improvement in the degree of freedom in designing the control device 1 including the electronic components.
- heat radiation fins may be retrofitted to the housing of the control device by welding, brazing, adhesives, or the like.
- the radiation fins 15 of the present embodiment are an integral structure formed from the same steel plate material as the main body of the base 10, unlike the case where the radiation fins are retrofitted, a process such as welding does not occur, and the cost is low. can be manufactured to The fact that the material is a general-purpose steel plate also contributes to the cost reduction. Welding, brazing, and adhesion may cause variations in quality, but in the present embodiment, the heat dissipation fins 15 are raised by machining, which is excellent in quality stability. Since the base 10 including the radiating fins 15 is integrally formed from the same steel plate material, it is advantageous in terms of strength, and since the entire base 10 is made of the same high-purity material, high thermal conductivity is ensured. can.
- the base 10 is manufactured by press-molding a steel plate and then skiving the surface to form a plurality of radiating fins 15 . That is, when the control device 1 is assembled, a basic shape having a recess in which the seal 9 and the cover 20 are placed is formed by pressing, and the radiating fins 15 are formed by skiving. It is also possible to form a plurality of radiating fins by skiving a steel plate at a predetermined position, and then process the basic shape by press molding. Combining press working and skiving in this way also increases the degree of freedom in the shape of the base 10, which can be manufactured from a general-purpose steel plate. Also, by applying skive processing, it is easy to form the heat radiation fins 15 by slicing and raising the surface layer of the steel plate material.
- the salt damage corrosion resistance is greatly improved compared to the die-cast material (for example, AD12 material) containing many impurities.
- the flange 23 secures a ventilation space VS secured between the structure of the vehicle (the bracket BKT on the side of the vehicle in this embodiment) and the main body 14 of the base 10.
- the heat radiation fins 15 are arranged on the .
- the radiation fins 15 can be surrounded by the structure of the automobile, the main body 14 and the flange 23, and a material is used for the radiation fins 15 so that the thinned portion of the main body 14 can be prevented from blocking obstacles. It can be protected from interference and the like.
- the ventilation space VS is open along the outer wall surface of the main body 14 in the direction in which the radiation fins 15 extend, the air flow can be introduced into the ventilation space VS along the radiation fins 15. .
- cooling air can be applied to each of the radiation fins 15, and the radiation capability of the radiation fins 15 can be effectively exhibited.
- this embodiment does not require the draft angle of the mold, so that the heat radiation fins 15 can have the same thickness from the base to the tip.
- the roots of the radiation fins are thick and the heat capacity is large due to the draft angle of the mold.
- the root portion of the heat radiation fins 15 can be made as thin as the tip portion, so that the heat generated in the electronic component and transmitted through the main body 14 can be efficiently radiated from the root portion of the heat radiation fins 15 as well.
- the thinned portion of the main body 14 can contribute to the improvement of heat dissipation performance.
- the radiator fins 15 stand in the recesses 14a, which are thin portions of the main body 14. As shown in FIG. Therefore, in addition to the effect (8) of thinning the main body 14, compared to the case where the heat dissipating fins 15 are erected on other parts of the main body 14, even with the heat dissipating fins of the same size, the heat dissipating fins are increased by the depth of the recesses 14a. 15 can be shifted to the circuit board 30 side. As a result, the volume actually occupied by the control device 1 and thus the installation space of the control device 1 can be reduced compared to other control devices having the same heat dissipation area, and the degree of freedom in the layout of the control device 1 is increased.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an in-vehicle control device according to a second embodiment of the invention as viewed from the base side, and corresponds to FIG. 3 of the first embodiment.
- 9 is a configuration diagram of the radiation fins provided in the region A shown in FIG. 8
- FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of the radiation fins provided in the region B shown in FIG. corresponds to 8 to 10, portions similar or corresponding to those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as in the previous drawings, and descriptions thereof are omitted.
- the difference of this embodiment from the first embodiment is that a plurality of heat dissipating fins are provided in a plurality of distant regions (two regions A and B in this example) of the base 10, and the thickness of the heat dissipating fins is t,
- the difference is that the height H and the pitch p are different for each region.
- the thickness t, the height H, the pitch p, and the number of fins 15A in the area A and the fins 15B in the area B are all different.
- Both the radiation fins 15A and 15B are elements corresponding to the radiation fins 15 of the first embodiment, and are formed by the same method as the radiation fins 15. As shown in FIG.
- the thickness t and the pitch p of the radiation fins 15B in the area B are set larger, and the height H and the number of the radiation fins 15A in the area A are set larger.
- the values of the thickness t, height H, pitch p and the number of sheets are appropriately set according to the heat radiation area required for the regions A and B, and any one of them can be used according to the required heat radiation area. It suffices to change
- this embodiment is the same as the first embodiment.
- the degree of freedom in designing the heat radiation fins is high.
- the dimensions and the number of radiation fins can be flexibly set according to the amount of heat generated by electronic components. As a result, it is possible to control the amount of heat released from each part according to the amount of heat generated by various electronic components and their layout, thereby avoiding heat concentration in the housing of the control device 1 and equalizing the temperature distribution.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an in-vehicle control device according to a third embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the cover side
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the base side
- FIG. 11 and 12 correspond to FIGS. 1 and 3 of the first embodiment.
- FIGS. 11 to 13 portions similar or corresponding to those in the already described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the previously described drawings, and description thereof is omitted.
- one of the base 10 and the cover 20 (the base 10 in this example) is an integral structure of a plurality of radiating fins 15 made of steel plate and the main body 14, as in the first embodiment.
- a different point from the first embodiment is that the other of the base 10 and the cover 20 (the cover 20 in this example) is die-cast and has die-cast fins 25 .
- the cover 20 of the control device 1 is made of aluminum die-cast unlike the first embodiment, and the outer wall surface of the cover 20 (the surface opposite to the circuit board 30 and the base 10) is made of aluminum die-cast. It has 25 fins.
- the base 10 as in the first embodiment, a steel plate material is press-molded and the radiation fins 15 are formed by skiving.
- the heat radiation fins 15 of the base 10 extend toward the vehicle structure (for example, the vehicle side bracket BKT) (downward in FIG. 13), while the fins 25 of the cover 20 extend on the opposite side of the vehicle structure (in FIG. 13, upwards).
- the die-cast fins 25 are thicker than the heat-dissipating fins 15 of the base 10 because they are manufactured using a casting mold.
- the surface of the electronic component 41 to be cooled mounted on the circuit board 30 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the area where the fins 25 of the cover 20 are installed via the upper surface thermal conductive grease 42 .
- heat is transferred from the electronic component 41 to the cover 20 via the upper surface heat-conducting grease 42 and is radiated from the fins 25 .
- the electronic component 41 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the base 10 in the installation area of the heat radiating fins 15 through the thermal vias 43 and the lower heat conductive grease 44 .
- heat is transferred from the electronic component 41 to the base 10 through the thermal vias 43 and the lower surface heat-conducting grease 44 , and is radiated from the heat dissipation fins 15 .
- the heat transfer structure from the electronic component to the heat radiation fins 15 is the same as the structure shown in FIG. 13 in the first and second embodiments. be.
- the heat radiation fins 15 cut out from a steel plate material can be combined with parts that employ a conventional die-cast fin structure. Since the cover 20 side does not face the structure of the automobile, the fins 25 are exposed, but it is also possible to apply thick die-cast fins 25 to this portion.
- heat can be dissipated from the base 10 side by the heat dissipating fins 15 and from the cover 20 side by the die-cast fins 25, so that heat can be dissipated from both upper and lower surfaces of the control device 1. Therefore, further improvement in cooling efficiency can be expected.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an in-vehicle control device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention as seen from the cover side
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view as seen from the base side
- FIG. 14 and 15 correspond to FIGS. 1 and 3 of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 16 corresponds to FIG. 13 of the third embodiment.
- portions similar or corresponding to those in the already described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as in the previous drawings, and description thereof is omitted.
- both the base 10 and the cover 20 have an integral structure of a plurality of heat radiating fins made of steel plate material and the rest of the main body, like the base 10 of the first embodiment. It is the point that it is a thing.
- the cover 20 of the control device 1 is made of the same steel plate material as the base 10, and is formed into a basic shape by press working. 15 is formed.
- the outer wall surface to be skived is the surface of the cover 20 opposite to the circuit board 30 and the base 10 .
- the heat radiating fins 15 of the base 10 extend toward the automobile structure (for example, the automobile side bracket BKT) (downward in FIG. 16), while the heat radiating fins 15 of the cover 20 extend toward the automobile structure (see FIG. 16). upwards). Since the radiation fins 15 of the cover 20 are exposed without facing the structure of the automobile, the height H is suppressed so as not to protrude beyond the upper end surface of the connector 49 in the Z direction.
- the structure and formation method of the heat radiation fins 15 of the cover 20 and the base 10 are the same.
- heat is transferred from the electronic component 41 to the base 10 via the thermal vias 43 and the lower surface heat-conducting grease 44 and radiated from the heat dissipation fins 15 of the base 10 . Further, the heat generated by the electronic component 41 is also transferred to the cover 20 through the upper surface heat-conducting grease 42 and is also radiated from the heat radiation fins 15 of the cover 20 .
- heat radiation fins 15 are applied to both the upper and lower surfaces of the control device 1, and the heat radiation area can be doubled compared to the first embodiment, and the cooling efficiency can be improved accordingly.
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Abstract
Description
-車載制御装置-
図1は本発明の第1実施形態に係る車載制御装置のカバー側から見た斜視図、図2は展開図、図3はベース側から見た斜視図、図4は図3中のIV部の拡大図、図5は図4中の矢印V方向に見た放熱フィンの構成図である。また、図6は車載制御装置の取付状態を例示する図、図7はこれを図6中の矢印VII方向に見た図である。
ベース10は、車載制御装置1の基部構造体であり、汎用の鋼板材(熱間圧延鋼板又は冷間圧延鋼板)からなっている。具体的には、ベース10は全体に矩形状の板状の部材であり、鋼板材の表層をスライスし根元を曲げて起こす(削ぎ立てる)ことにより複数の放熱フィン15(後述)を立ち上げたものである。具体的には、鋼板材をプレス成型してベース10の基本形状(後述)を形成した後、プレスした鋼板材の表面の所定領域をスカイブ加工して複数の放熱フィン15が形成される。特に本実施形態において、ベース10はアルミ板材からなっており、メッキ等のコーティング加工は施されていない。図2に示したように、ベース10の四隅付近には、上方に(カバー20側に)突出した雄ネジ部11がそれぞれ備わっている。また、ベース10の四隅には、それぞれネジ穴12が備わっている。
カバー20は、ベース10と反対側(図1のZ方向)に凸のドーム状に形成され、ベース10と共に制御装置1の筐体を構成するものであり、複数(本実施形態では4つ)のネジ5によってベース10に固定されている。各ネジ5は、カバー20の四隅に明けられた通し穴22(図2)を介し、ベース10のネジ穴12にねじ込まれる。これにより、カバー20は、ベース10と締結され、ベース10と共に回路基板30を包囲し保護する。本実施形態において、カバー20の材質には、例えばPBT(ポリブチレンテレフタレート)、PPS(ポリフェニレンサルファイド)、PA(ナイロン)等の樹脂が採用してあり、カバー20の軽量化が図られている。但し、アルミや鉄等を主成分とする金属でカバー20を構成しても良い。
回路基板30は、ベース10及びカバー20に収容されている。この回路基板30には、電子部品及びコネクタ49が実装されている。この回路基板30は、四隅に通し穴31(図2)を備えており、これら通し穴31にベース10の上記雄ネジ部11を通し、雄ネジ部11にナット6(図2)を締め込むことにより、ベース10に固定されている。
前述した通り、ベース10は、一枚の汎用材である鋼板材(本実施形態ではアルミ板材、例えばJIS規格のA5052等)からなっている。ベース10は、一枚の鋼板材を素材として、この鋼板材の一部からなる薄板状の複数の放熱フィン15と、鋼板材の残部(つまり放熱フィン15以外の部分)からなる本体14との一体構造物である。つまり、本体14と放熱フィン15は元々同じ一枚の鋼板材である。各々の放熱フィン15は、形状及び大きさが揃った矩形状で平滑な薄い板であり、回路基板30に実装された電子部品等の冷却対象物の位置に応じた領域に一定ピッチで全て平行に並んでいる。ベース10の製作過程において、まず鋼板材をプレス加工して、カバー20やシール9の位置合わせに用いる小さな凹凸を持つ基本形状(ベース10の半製品)が形成される。プレス加工で基本形状に成型されたこの鋼板材の所定領域の表層をスカイブ加工によりスライスして起こした(削ぎ立てた)ものが放熱フィン15である。切削や研削と異なり、素材となる鋼板材には削り落とされる部分がほとんど発生しない。放熱フィン15が削ぎ立てられる鋼板材の表面は、制御装置1の外壁面(回路基板30とは反対側の面)であり、本実施形態では制御装置1における自動車の構造物(自動車側ブラケットBKT)との対向面である。そして、放熱フィンを削ぎ立てた後に残った母材部分、つまりプレス加工後の鋼板材のうち放熱フィン15を除く部分がベース10の本体14である。
つまり、図5において、放熱フィン15のうち凹所14aに重複する部分を除いた部分A1の体積は、凹所14aの隣接する2枚の放熱フィン15の面間部分A2の体積に相当する。
図17は一般的なアルミダイキャスト製フィンの断面の外形線を表した図である。自動車に用いられる制御装置(ECU)に用いられる放熱フィンは、一般的にダイキャスト製(例えばアルミダイキャスト製)である。従って、圧入するダイキャスト材の鋳型の内部における湯流れ性や離型性を考慮する必要があることから、放熱フィンに相応の厚み(例えば2mm程度)を要し、ピッチも相当の距離(例えば4mm程度)を要する。従って、一定の広さの領域に形成できる放熱フィンの枚数も大きく制約される。
(1)本実施形態では、ベース10に汎用の鋼板材を用いている。ダイキャスト材は放熱フィンを削ぎ立てるのには特性的に適さないが、汎用の鋼板材を用いることにより表層の一部分を薄くスライスして放熱フィン15として立ち上げることができる。このように鋼板材を素材に用いたことにより、ダイキャストに比べて薄い放熱フィン15を狭いピッチで多数設けることができ、放熱面積を従来よりも大幅に拡大でき、放熱性能を大きく向上させることができる。また、高純度の鋼板材の素材特性から、ベース10はダイキャスト製の従来構成に比べて軽量である。よって、本実施形態の制御装置1によれば、軽量性と放熱性能を高度に両立することができる。
図8は本発明の第2実施形態に係る車載制御装置のベース側から見た斜視図であり、第1実施形態の図3に対応している。また、図9は図8に示した領域Aに備わった放熱フィンの構成図、図10は図8に示した領域Bに備わった放熱フィンの構成図であり、共に第1実施形態の図5に対応している。図8-図10において、第1実施形態と同様の又は対応する部分には既出図面と同符号を付して説明を省略する。
図11は本発明の第3実施形態に係る車載制御装置のカバー側から見た斜視図、図12はベース側から見た斜視図、図13は部分断面の外形線を表した図である。図11及び図12は第1実施形態の図1及び図3に対応している。図11-図13において、説明済みの実施形態と同様の又は対応する部分には既出図面と同符号を付して説明を省略する。
図14は本発明の第4実施形態に係る車載制御装置のカバー側から見た斜視図、図15はベース側から見た斜視図、図16は部分断面の外形線を表した図である。図14及び図15は第1実施形態の図1及び図3に対応している。図16は第3実施形態の図13に対応している。図14-図16において、説明済みの実施形態と同様の又は対応する部分には既出図面と同符号を付して説明を省略する。
鋼板材から切り出した放熱フィン15をベース10及びカバー20の一方にのみ設ける実施形態では、ベース10に放熱フィン15を設ける構成を例に挙げて説明したが、放熱フィン15はベース10ではなくカバー20に設けた構成としても良い。また、放熱フィン15を切り出す鋼板材として汎用のアルミ板材を例示したが、例えばスカイブ加工に適した鉄板材や銅板材等の他の材質の鋼板材を採用しても良い。但し、塩害耐食性を要する場合、鉄板材や銅板材は放熱フィン15を形成した後、メッキ等のコーティング加工を施して塩害耐食性を高めることが望ましい。言い換えれば、このようなコーディング加工を施さなくても高い塩害耐食性が得られることは、アルミ板材を選択する大きなメリットである。
Claims (15)
- ベースと、
前記ベースに固定されたカバーと、
前記ベース及び前記カバーに収容された回路基板と、
前記回路基板に実装された電子部品とを含み、
前記ベース及び前記カバーの少なくとも一方は、一枚の鋼板材を素材としており、前記鋼板材の一部からなる複数の放熱フィンと、前記鋼板材の残部からなる本体との一体構造物である車載制御装置。 - 請求項1の車載制御装置において、
前記複数の放熱フィンは、それぞれ前記本体に近い根元部分と前記本体から遠い先端部分とで厚さが等しい車載制御装置。 - 請求項1の車載制御装置において、
前記本体は、前記複数の放熱フィンの非設置領域に対し、前記複数の放熱フィンの設置領域が薄い車載制御装置。 - 請求項1の車載制御装置において、
前記本体は、表面が所定の段差寸法だけ窪んだ凹所を有しており、
前記複数の放熱フィンは、前記凹所に立っている
車載制御装置。 - 請求項4の車載制御装置において、
前記放熱フィンの厚さをt、隣接する2枚の放熱フィンの面間距離をd、前記放熱フィンの高さをH、前記段差寸法をsとした場合、
t×(H-s)=d×s
の関係が成立する車載制御装置。 - 請求項1の車載制御装置において、
前記鋼板材は、アルミ板材である車載制御装置。 - 請求項1の車載制御装置において、
前記複数の放熱フィンの総表面積は、前記複数の放熱フィンの設置領域の前記本体の平面視の面積の8倍以上である車載制御装置。 - 請求項1の車載制御装置において、
前記複数の放熱フィンは、前記鋼板材の表層をスライスして起こした部位である車載制御装置。 - 請求項1の車載制御装置において、
前記複数の放熱フィンを設ける前記ベース及び前記カバーの少なくとも一方は、前記鋼板材の表面をスカイブ加工又は前記鋼板材をプレス成型した後の表面をスカイブ加工して前記複数の放熱フィンを形成したものである車載制御装置。 - 請求項1の車載制御装置において、
自動車の構造物に取り付けるためのフランジを備え、
前記複数の放熱フィンは前記ベースに設けられており、
前記フランジにより前記構造物と前記ベースの本体との間に確保される空間に、前記複数の放熱フィンが配置される
車載制御装置。 - 請求項10の車載制御装置において、
前記空間は、前記本体の表面に沿い前記複数の放熱フィンの伸びる方向に開口している車載制御装置。 - 請求項1の車載制御装置において、
前記ベース及び前記カバーの少なくとも一方の複数の領域に前記放熱フィンがそれぞれ複数設けられており、前記複数の放熱フィンの厚さ、高さ、ピッチ及び枚数の少なくとも1つが領域毎に異なる車載制御装置。 - 請求項1の車載制御装置において、
前記ベース及び前記カバーの一方が、前記鋼板材からなる前記複数の放熱フィンと前記本体との一体構造物であり、
前記ベース及び前記カバーの他方が、ダイキャスト製のフィンを有している
車載制御装置。 - 請求項1の車載制御装置において、
前記ベース及び前記カバーの双方が、前記鋼板材からなる前記複数の放熱フィンと前記本体との一体構造物である車載制御装置。 - ベースと、
前記ベースに固定されたカバーと、
前記ベース及び前記カバーに収容された回路基板と、
前記回路基板に実装された電子部品と
を含む車載制御装置の製造方法であって、
前記ベース及び前記カバーの少なくとも一方の、鋼板材の表層又はプレス成型した鋼板材の表層をスライスして起こし、複数の放熱フィンを形成する
車載制御装置の製造方法。
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JP2001217576A (ja) * | 2000-01-31 | 2001-08-10 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | 電子機器の放熱構造 |
JP2011066332A (ja) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-03-31 | Hitachi Automotive Systems Ltd | 制御装置の放熱構造 |
WO2011158615A1 (ja) * | 2010-06-18 | 2011-12-22 | シャープ株式会社 | 電子機器の放熱構造 |
WO2016114099A1 (ja) * | 2015-01-16 | 2016-07-21 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | 回路構成体及び電気接続箱 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2001217576A (ja) * | 2000-01-31 | 2001-08-10 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | 電子機器の放熱構造 |
JP2011066332A (ja) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-03-31 | Hitachi Automotive Systems Ltd | 制御装置の放熱構造 |
WO2011158615A1 (ja) * | 2010-06-18 | 2011-12-22 | シャープ株式会社 | 電子機器の放熱構造 |
WO2016114099A1 (ja) * | 2015-01-16 | 2016-07-21 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | 回路構成体及び電気接続箱 |
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