WO2023281660A1 - ドレッシング装置、歯車研削装置、及び砥石のドレッシング方法 - Google Patents
ドレッシング装置、歯車研削装置、及び砥石のドレッシング方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023281660A1 WO2023281660A1 PCT/JP2021/025616 JP2021025616W WO2023281660A1 WO 2023281660 A1 WO2023281660 A1 WO 2023281660A1 JP 2021025616 W JP2021025616 W JP 2021025616W WO 2023281660 A1 WO2023281660 A1 WO 2023281660A1
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- dressing
- tool
- grindstone
- grinding
- rotation axis
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
- B24B53/06—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels
- B24B53/08—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels controlled by information means, e.g. patterns, templets, punched tapes or the like
- B24B53/085—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels controlled by information means, e.g. patterns, templets, punched tapes or the like for workpieces having a grooved profile, e.g. gears, splined shafts, threads, worms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
- B24B53/04—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of cylindrical or conical surfaces on abrasive tools or wheels
- B24B53/053—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of cylindrical or conical surfaces on abrasive tools or wheels using a rotary dressing tool
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
- B24B53/06—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
- B24B53/06—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels
- B24B53/075—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels for workpieces having a grooved profile, e.g. gears, splined shafts, threads, worms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dressing device, a gear grinding device, and a grinding wheel dressing method.
- Gears are required to have high machining precision depending on their intended use. Gears, which require high machining precision, are manufactured by grinding rough-machined workpieces with a grindstone.
- gears to be manufactured for example, there is a helical gear formed in a spiral so that the teeth are slanted with respect to the central axis.
- gear processing method there is a case where the tooth flank is subjected to crowning processing such that the center of the tooth swells in the tooth trace direction.
- the pressure angle on the tooth flank changes in the tooth trace direction due to the helical formation of the teeth, resulting in a twisted tooth flank.
- a grindstone in which the pressure angle changes in the tooth trace direction is used.
- Patent Literature 1 discloses the configuration of a dressing device for dressing a threaded grindstone.
- the threaded grindstone has a continuous helical grinding groove for grinding the teeth of the gear.
- the dressing device rotates the threaded grindstone and the dressing tool, which are the objects to be dressed, and moves them relatively to each other to bring them into contact with each other.
- at least one of the threaded grindstone and the dressing tool is, for example, moved in the axial direction at a constant speed and the rotation speed of the threaded grindstone is changed, thereby grinding the threaded grindstone.
- the groove is dressed with a pressure angle that changes in the direction of the tooth trace.
- the dressing in the dressing device as described above needs to be performed on two grinding surfaces adjacent in the groove width direction in the grinding groove of the threaded grindstone.
- a grinding groove having a complicated shape in which the pressure angle changes in the tooth trace direction it is difficult to dress two adjacent grinding surfaces in the groove width direction so as to change the pressure angle at the same time.
- a dressing tool is applied separately to the ground surface on the first side and the ground surface on the second side in the groove width direction of the grinding groove, and dressing is performed for each ground surface.
- dressing takes time and effort, and improvement is desired from the aspect of working efficiency.
- the present invention provides a dressing device, a gear grinding device, and a method of dressing a grindstone that can efficiently and quickly dress even a grindstone having a grinding surface with a complicated shape.
- a dressing device is relatively movable in a first direction orthogonal to the grindstone rotation axis with respect to a grindstone having grinding grooves spirally continuous around the grindstone rotation axis. and a dressing mechanism capable of dressing the grinding groove, and a control unit for controlling the operation of the dressing mechanism, wherein the dressing mechanism is rotationally driven around a tool rotation axis extending along the grindstone rotation axis.
- a disc-shaped dressing tool having at its tip a pair of dressing surfaces which are surfaces constituting the grinding groove and capable of dressing two grinding surfaces adjacent in the groove width direction; a tool rotation axis and a tool rotation section that rotates around the tool rotation axis orthogonal to the first direction, wherein the control section rotates the grindstone around the grindstone rotation axis and rotates the dressing tool to the tool.
- a gear grinding apparatus includes a work table that rotatably supports a work to be a gear, a grindstone that grinds the work, a grindstone support that rotates the grindstone around the grindstone rotation axis, and the above a dressing device as described above.
- a method for dressing a grindstone according to the present disclosure is a method for dressing a grindstone in a dressing apparatus as described above, comprising the steps of rotating the grindstone around the grindstone rotation axis, and rotating the dressing tool around the tool rotation axis. a step of driving, dressing the two grinding surfaces adjacent in the groove width direction with a pair of the dressing surfaces, and rotating the dressing tool around the tool rotation axis by the tool rotating section, thereby changing the angle of the pair of dressing surfaces relative to the grinding surface.
- the dressing device, the gear grinding device, and the grinding wheel dressing method of the present disclosure even a grinding wheel having a grinding surface with a complicated shape can be dressed efficiently in a short time. .
- FIG. 1 is an elevational view showing the configuration of a gear grinding device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a gear grinding device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing how a gear is ground by a grindstone of a gear grinding device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the tooth surface shape of one tooth of the gear in the embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the pressure angle distribution on a twisted tooth flank of one tooth of the gear in the embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 is an elevational view showing a state of dressing a grindstone with a dressing tool in the dressing device of the gear grinding machine according to the embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 is a plan cross-sectional view showing a state in which the dressing tool is brought into contact with the grinding groove of the grindstone in the dressing device according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 is a plan cross-sectional view showing a state in which the dressing tool is swung and brought into contact with the grinding groove of the grindstone in the dressing device according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional plan view showing a state in which the dressing tool is turned in a direction different from that in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the hardware configuration of a control unit according to the embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a control unit in the embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing a procedure of a grinding wheel dressing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 11 is a plan cross-sectional view showing a dressing tool in a modification of the first embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional plan view showing a state in which the dressing tool is brought into contact with the grinding groove of the grindstone in the dressing device according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure
- a gear grinding apparatus 1A shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is capable of grinding a workpiece W, which is to be a gear 200, with a grindstone T.
- the work W is ground by bringing the grindstone T and the work W into contact with each other while rotating them synchronously.
- the work W is, for example, a member to be machined that is formed in a disk shape or a cylindrical shape.
- the workpiece W forms teeth 201 formed on the outer peripheral surface by the grindstone T. As shown in FIG.
- the grindstone T is formed in a cylindrical shape around the grindstone rotation axis O4.
- Grinding grooves 101 corresponding to a desired gear tooth profile are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone T.
- the grinding groove 101 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone T so as to be spirally continuous around the grindstone rotation axis O4. Grinding grooves 101 are formed so as to be sandwiched between grinding teeth 100 which are projections.
- the grinding groove 101 is composed of two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B (first grinding surface 101A and second grinding surface 101B) adjacent in the groove width direction Dw, which is the direction in which the grindstone rotation axis O4 extends.
- the two ground surfaces 101A and 101B face each other in the groove width direction Dw.
- the two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B are surfaces inside one grinding groove 101 .
- the two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B are surfaces that come into contact with the work W when the work W is machined by the grindstone T, and are surfaces that form the teeth 201 of the gear 200 after the work W is ground.
- the gear 200 manufactured by grinding the work W with the grindstone T is, for example, a helical gear formed in a spiral so that the teeth 201 are slanted with respect to the central axis of the gear 200. be.
- the teeth 201 of the gear 200 to be manufactured include a first end 201a on one side (first side) in the tooth trace direction Ds and the other side (second side) in the tooth trace direction Ds. side) and the second end 201b, crowning is applied so that the tooth flank swells.
- the tooth trace direction Ds is a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the teeth 201 arranged apart from each other are arranged, and is the direction in which the tooth surface extends including the direction in which the central axis of the gear extends. That is, the tooth trace direction Ds is the direction in which the imaginary line connecting the first end 201a and the second end 201b extends. In the case of a helical gear, the tooth trace direction Ds is a direction extending spirally with respect to the central axis of the gear 200 . As shown in FIG.
- the first portion 101s and the second portion 101t are regions at different positions in the direction in which the grinding groove 101 extends and in the direction in which the grindstone rotation axis O4 extends.
- the first portion 101s and the second portion 101t are in the direction in which the grindstone rotation axis O4 extends. are adjacent positions in (a starting point and an ending point of the grinding groove 101).
- the first portion 101s and the second portion 101t are aligned in the direction in which the grindstone rotation axis O4 extends. are separated from each other so as to sandwich the grinding groove 101 (the starting point and the end point of the grinding groove 101 making one round). Therefore, the positions of the first portion 101s and the second portion 101t shown in FIG. 3 are merely an example, and can be changed as appropriate according to the shape of the gear 200 to be manufactured.
- the gear 200 when the gear 200 is a helical gear, if the tooth flanks of the teeth 201 are crowned, twisting of the tooth profile, so-called bias, may occur.
- the torsion (bias) of the tooth profile means that the inclination direction (increase/decrease direction) of the tooth flank angle between the tooth root and the tooth tip in the tooth profile direction Dg is different from the first end 201a on one side of the tooth trace direction Ds and the other side. It means that it is different (reversed) from the second end 201b.
- the pressure angle of the grinding groove 101 of the grindstone T for grinding the tooth 201 is formed to change along the tooth trace direction Ds in order to suppress the degree of twist (bias amount) of the tooth surface.
- the gear grinding machine 1A includes a bed 2, a work table 3, a grindstone support 4, a dressing device 5A, a tailstock 6, a tailstock support 7, and a dressing device.
- a moving section 55 , a tailstock moving section 65 and a control section 9 are provided.
- the bed 2 is a pedestal installed on the floor, as shown in FIG.
- a work table 3 , a grindstone support 4 , and a tailstock support 7 are attached to the bed 2 .
- the work table 3 rotatably supports the work W on the bed 2.
- the work table 3 is attached to the bed 2 at a position where the work W can face the grindstone T.
- the work table 3 is rotatable with respect to the bed 2 around a table axis O3 extending in the vertical direction Dv.
- the grindstone support part 4 rotates the grindstone T for grinding the workpiece W around the grindstone rotation axis O4.
- the whetstone support portion 4 movably supports the whetstone T with respect to the work table 3 on the bed 2 .
- the grindstone support section 4 has a grindstone support section main body 41, a grindstone moving section 42, and a grindstone driving section 43, as shown in FIG.
- the grindstone support body 41 is arranged on the bed 2 at a distance from the work table 3 .
- the grindstone support body 41 is capable of horizontally moving the grindstone T with respect to the work table 3 .
- the moving direction of the grindstone support portion main body 41 relative to the bed 2 is referred to as a first direction D1.
- the first direction D1 is one of the horizontal directions and is the longitudinal direction of the bed 2 . Therefore, the grindstone support body 41 adjusts the position of the grindstone T with respect to the work table 3 in the first direction D1.
- the grindstone moving part 42 is movable in the vertical direction Dv with respect to the grindstone support part main body 41, as shown in FIG. Therefore, the grindstone moving part 42 adjusts the position of the grindstone T in the vertical direction Dv with respect to the work table 3 .
- the grindstone driving section 43 is movable with respect to the grindstone moving section 42 in a horizontal direction (referred to as a second direction D2) orthogonal to the first direction D1.
- the second direction D2 is a direction perpendicular to the first direction D1 and the vertical direction Dv, and is the width direction of the bed 2 .
- a grindstone T is detachably attached to the grindstone drive unit 43 .
- the grindstone drive unit 43 rotates and moves the grindstone T around a grindstone rotation axis O4 extending in a direction intersecting the first direction D1 by power of a drive source such as a motor. Therefore, the grindstone drive unit 43 rotates the grindstone T and adjusts the position of the grindstone T with respect to the work table 3 in the second direction D2.
- the dressing device 5A is composed of a dressing mechanism 50 capable of dressing the grindstone T and part of the control section 9. As shown in FIGS.
- the dressing mechanism 50 is supported by the tailstock supporting portion 7 via a dressing device moving portion 55 so as to be movable in the vertical direction Dv.
- the dressing mechanism 50 will be described later.
- the tailstock support portion 7 supports the tailstock 6 and the dressing mechanism 50 so as to be movable in the vertical direction Dv.
- the tailstock support portion 7 is arranged at a position apart from the grindstone support portion 4 in the first direction D1 with the work table 3 interposed therebetween.
- the tailstock 6 presses the work W supported by the work table 3 toward the work table 3 from above in the vertical direction Dv.
- the tailstock support portion 7 has a support portion main body 71 , a first guide rail 75 and a second guide rail 76 .
- the support body 71 is fixed to the bed 2 .
- the support portion main body 71 has a gate shape in which a transport path through which the workpiece W can pass is formed.
- a first guide rail 75 and a second guide rail 76 are fixed to the surface of the support portion main body 71 facing the grindstone support portion 4 .
- the first guide rail 75 is fixed to the support body 71 .
- the first guide rail 75 extends linearly in the vertical direction Dv.
- a pair of first guide rails 75 are arranged apart from the support portion main body 71 in the second direction D2.
- the second guide rail 76 is fixed to the support body 71 .
- the second guide rail 76 extends linearly in the vertical direction Dv.
- a pair of the second guide rails 76 are arranged apart from the support body 71 in the second direction D2.
- the pair of second guide rails 76 are arranged so as to sandwich the pair of first guide rails 75 inside in the second direction D2.
- the tailstock moving part 65 supports the tailstock 6 so as to be movable toward the work table 3 .
- the tailstock moving portion 65 is movably supported by the first guide rail 75 .
- the tailstock 6 is fixed to the tailstock moving portion 65 .
- the tailstock moving portion 65 is moved with respect to the first guide rail 75 by a driving device such as a motor (not shown). That is, the tailstock moving portion 65 moves the tailstock 6 along the first guide rail 75 with respect to the tailstock support portion 7 only in the vertical direction Dv.
- the work swiveling transfer unit 8 moves the work W by swiveling around the work swivel axis between the work machining position and the work exchange position.
- the work processing position is a position where the work W can be set on the work table 3 . Therefore, the work W is ground by the grindstone T at the work processing position.
- the work exchange position is a position at which a machined work W can be exchanged for an unmachined work W. As shown in FIG.
- the work exchange position is a position on the opposite side of the grindstone support portion 4 with the tailstock support portion 7 interposed therebetween.
- the work exchange position is the same position in the vertical direction Dv and the second direction D2 as the work machining position, and is a position apart in the first direction D1.
- the work turning transfer unit 8 moves the work W positioned at the work machining position and the work W positioned at the work exchange position at the time of exchange. In addition, except when exchanging the work W, the work turning transfer unit 8 is moved to a position where grinding of the work W by the grindstone T is not hindered.
- the dressing device moving section 55 supports the dressing mechanism 50 so as to be movable in the first direction D1.
- the dressing device moving part 55 is supported by the second guide rail 76 so as to be movable in the vertical direction Dv.
- the dressing device moving unit 55 linearly moves the dressing mechanism 50 between the dressing device standby position P1 (see FIG. 1) and the dressing device use position P2 (see FIG. 6).
- the dressing device use position P2 is a position where the grindstone T can be dressed. That is, the dressing device use position P2 is a position where the dressing tool 51A contacts the grindstone T.
- the dressing device standby position P1 is above the dressing device use position P2 in the vertical direction Dv, and is a position where the grinding wheel T cannot be contacted by the dressing tool 51A.
- the dressing device moving part 55 has a structure that does not interfere with the tailstock moving part 65 when viewed from above in the vertical direction Dv. Therefore, when the dressing device moving part 55 and the tailstock moving part 65 move in the vertical direction Dv, they do not interfere with each other.
- the dressing device moving portion 55 is moved with respect to the second guide rail 76 by a driving device such as a motor (not shown).
- the dressing device 5A is arranged at a position closer to the grindstone support portion 4 than the tailstock 6 when viewed from above in the vertical direction Dv.
- the dressing mechanism 50 can move relative to the grindstone T in the first direction D1 by allowing the grindstone support body 41 to move the grindstone T in the horizontal direction with respect to the work table 3. there is The dressing mechanism 50 is capable of dressing the grinding groove 101 of the grindstone T so that the pressure angle changes along the tooth trace direction Ds. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the dressing mechanism 50 includes a dressing tool 51A, a tool rotating section 52, and a tool rotating section 53. As shown in FIGS.
- the dressing tool 51A is formed in a disc shape that spreads around the tool rotation axis O5.
- the tool rotation axis O5 extends along the grindstone rotation axis O4.
- the tool rotation axis O5 is not limited to extending parallel to the grindstone rotation axis O4, and may extend crosswise to the extent that they are not orthogonal.
- the tool rotation axis O5 of this embodiment extends parallel to the grindstone rotation axis O4.
- the dressing tool 51A has a through hole formed in the center and is formed in a disc shape that tapers toward the tip (peripheral end).
- the dressing tool 51A is fixed to the rotating shaft 54 in a state in which a through hole centered on the rotating shaft 54 of the tool rotating portion 52, which will be described later, is inserted. That is, the dressing tool 51A is arranged so as to extend outward Dro in the radial direction Dr with respect to the rotating shaft 54 . Thereby, the dressing tool 51A is integrally supported with the rotating shaft 54 so as to be rotatable around the tool rotation axis O5.
- a dressing tool 51A of the present embodiment integrally includes a dressing portion 510 forming a tip and an annular tool main body portion 500 arranged inside Dri in the radial direction Dr with respect to the dressing portion 510.
- the dressing portion 510 has a pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 (a first dressing surface 511 and a second dressing surface 512) formed on both side surfaces in the rotation axis direction Da, which is the direction in which the grindstone rotation axis O4 extends. .
- a pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 are capable of dressing two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B adjacent in the groove width direction Dw.
- the rotation axis direction Da is the groove width direction Dw when dressing is applied.
- the pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 of this embodiment face opposite sides (outside) so as not to face each other in the rotation axis direction Da.
- the pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 are tapered from the inner side Dri toward the outer side Dro in the radial direction Dr so that the gap in the rotation axis direction Da gradually decreases in a cross-sectional view including the tool rotation axis O5. there is That is, due to the pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 , the thickness of the dressing portion 510 becomes thinner as it approaches the distal end away from the rotating shaft 54 .
- the tool rotating section 52 has a motor that rotates the rotating shaft 54 around the tool rotation axis O5.
- the rotating shaft 54 is formed in a cylindrical shape around the tool rotation axis O5.
- the tool rotating section 52 is fixed to a dressing device moving section 55 .
- the tool turning section 53 turns the dressing tool 51A around the tool turning axis O6 orthogonal to the tool rotation axis O5 and the first direction D1.
- the tool turning axis O6 of this embodiment extends in the vertical direction Dv.
- the tool turning section 53 is fixed to the dressing device moving section 55 .
- the tool turning section 53 turns the dressing tool 51A together with the tool rotating section 52 around the tool turning axis O6.
- the dressing tool 51A can swing such that the tip on which the dressing portion 510 is formed swings in the rotation axis direction Da (groove width direction Dw).
- the pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 are swung so as to rotate from a state in which the tool center axis Ct is perpendicular to the grindstone rotation axis O4.
- the tool central axis Ct is a virtual axis passing through the center of the dressing portion 510 so as to extend equidistant from the pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 in the rotation axis direction Da in a cross section including the tool rotation axis O5.
- the dressing tool 51A is rotationally driven around the tool rotation axis O5 with the dressing portion 510 inserted into the grinding groove 101.
- two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B adjacent to each other in the groove width direction Dw in the grinding groove 101 are brought into contact with each other at the same time by the pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 .
- control unit 9 controls various mechanisms in the gear grinding apparatus 1A when processing the workpiece W with the grindstone T or when dressing the grindstone T with the dressing mechanism 50 .
- the control unit 9 of this embodiment controls operations of the work table 3 , the grindstone support unit 4 , the dressing device 5A, the tail stock 6 , the dressing device moving unit 55 and the tail stock moving unit 65 .
- the control unit 9 is a computer including a CPU 81 (Central Processing Unit), a ROM 82 (Read Only Memory), a RAM 83 (Random Access Memory), an HDD 84 (Hard Disk Drive), and a signal transmission module 85 .
- the signal transmission module 85 transmits control signals to each part of the gear grinding machine 1A.
- control section 9 controls each section of the gear grinding apparatus 1A by executing a program stored in advance in the apparatus via the ROM 82, the RAM 83, and the HDD 84 by the CPU 81.
- the control section 9 functions as part of the dressing device 5A, and controls the operations of other sections when the grindstone T is dressed.
- the control section 9 controls the dressing device moving section 55 to move the dressing mechanism 50 to the dressing device use position P2 so that the dressing tool 51A contacts the grindstone T.
- the control unit 9 controls at least one of the grindstone support unit main body 41 and the dressing device moving unit 55 to move in the first direction D1, and presses the grindstone T against the dressing tool 51A.
- the control unit 9 rotates the grindstone T around the grindstone rotation axis O4 and controls the dressing tool 51A to rotate around the tool rotation axis O5.
- the control unit 9 inserts the rotating dressing unit 510 into the grinding groove 101 of the rotating grindstone T.
- the controller 9 simultaneously presses the pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 against the adjacent grinding surfaces 101A and 101B in the groove width direction Dw.
- the two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B are simultaneously dressed by the pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 .
- the control unit 9 causes the dressing tool 51A to turn around the tool turning axis O6 while dressing along the tooth trace direction Ds of the grinding groove 101 .
- dressing is performed while changing the angle of the pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 with respect to the two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B.
- the control unit 9 gradually turns the dressing tool 51A around the tool turning axis O6 as it approaches the second part 101t from the first part 101s of the grinding groove 101.
- the grinding groove 101 is subjected to dressing in which the pressure angle (the angle of the pair of ground surfaces 101A and 101B with respect to the groove center axis Cm, which will be described later, as shown in FIG. 7) gradually changes along the tooth trace direction Ds. be done.
- the control unit 9 of the present embodiment includes a grindstone control unit 91, a tool rotation control unit 92, a tool rotation control unit 93, and an output unit 94 as components for performing dressing.
- the grindstone control section 91 controls the grindstone support section 4 . Specifically, the grindstone control section 91 moves the grindstone support section main body 41 and the grindstone moving section 42 . Further, the grindstone control section 91 causes the grindstone driving section 43 to rotate the grindstone T around the grindstone rotation axis O4. Further, the grindstone control unit 91 presses the rotated grindstone T against the dressing tool 51A. After that, the grindstone T is sent in the second direction D2 while the dressing tool 51A is pressed against it.
- the tool rotation control section 92 controls the tool rotation section 52 .
- the tool rotation controller 92 rotates the rotating shaft 54 .
- the tool rotation controller 92 of this embodiment rotates the dressing tool 51A around the tool rotation axis O5 at a constant speed. Note that the tool rotation control unit 92 may rotate the dressing tool 51A at an arbitrary number of rotations so as to change the number of rotations.
- the tool turning control section 93 controls the tool turning section 53 .
- the tool turning control section 93 causes the tool turning section 53 to turn the dressing tool 51A around the tool turning axis O6 by an arbitrary turning amount (rotation angle).
- the tool turning control section 93 turns the dressing tool 51A by a constant turning amount.
- the tool rotation control section 93 controls the first dressing surface 511 for the first grinding surface 101A and the second dressing surface 511 for the second grinding surface 101B.
- the angle of the dressing surface 512 is linearly gradually changed.
- the tool rotation control section 93 rotates the tool so that the tip thereof is located on the first side Dw1 in the groove width direction Dw with respect to the groove central axis Cm.
- the dressing tool 51A is tilted so that the angle between the central axis Ct and the groove central axis Cm becomes the inclination angle ⁇ 1.
- the groove center axis Cm is an imaginary axis located in the middle of the grinding groove in the groove width direction Dw in a cross section including the grindstone rotation axis O4.
- the distance between the groove central axis Cm and the first grinding surface 101A and the distance between the groove central axis Cm and the second grinding surface 101B are equal.
- the tool turning control section 93 rotates the tool central axis Ct and the groove so that the tip is positioned on the second side Dw2 in the groove width direction Dw with respect to the groove central axis Cm.
- the dressing tool 51A is tilted so that the angle with the central axis Cm becomes the tilt angle ⁇ 2.
- the absolute values of the tilt angle ⁇ 1 and the tilt angle ⁇ 2 may be the same or different. Further, as shown in FIG.
- the tool turning control unit 93 controls that the dressing tool 51A is not inclined with respect to the groove center axis Cm at the intermediate portion 101c between the first portion 101s and the second portion 101t.
- the tool center axis Ct and the groove center axis Cm are in a parallel state (matched state).
- the output unit 94 outputs control signals to various devices.
- the output unit 94 is the signal transmission module 85 in terms of hardware.
- the method S1 of dressing the grindstone T is a method of applying dressing to the grindstone T for grinding the gear 200 .
- a method S1 of dressing a grindstone T according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a preparation step S2, a step S3 of rotating the grindstone T, a step S4 of rotating the dressing tool 51A, and a step S4 of rotating the dressing tool 51A. and a step S5 of applying dressing to the grinding groove 101 while rotating the .
- the control unit 9 controls the dressing device moving unit 55 to move the dressing device 5A to the dressing device use position P2. Further, if necessary, the control unit 9 controls the dressing device moving unit 55 and the grindstone moving unit 42 to adjust the position of the grindstone T by the dressing tool 51A and the grindstone moving unit 42 .
- the grindstone control unit 91 causes the grindstone driving unit 43 to rotate the grindstone T around the grindstone rotation axis O4.
- step S4 of rotationally driving the dressing tool 51A the tool rotation control section 92 causes the tool rotation section 52 to rotationally drive the dressing tool 51A together with the rotation shaft 54 around the tool rotation axis O5.
- step S5 of dressing the grinding groove 101 first, at least one of the grindstone support portion main body 41 and the dressing device moving portion 55 is moved in the first direction D1. Thereby, the dressing part 510 of the rotating dressing tool 51A is inserted into the grinding groove 101 of the grindstone T, and the pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 are pressed against the two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B. Thereafter, the grindstone T against which the dressing tool 51A is pressed is sent in the second direction D2 while being rotated about the grindstone rotation axis O4.
- step S5 as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the pair of grinding surfaces 101A and 101B are simultaneously dressed by the dressing tool 51A in the direction in which the grinding groove 101 extends, while the dressing tool 51A is moved around the tool turning axis O6. swivel to As a result, the dressing tool 51A turns so that the angle of the tool center axis Ct with respect to the groove center axis Cm is gradually changed.
- the dressing tool 51A is turned by a constant turning amount between the first part 101s and the second part 101t that are spaced apart. That is, the dressing tool 51A is turned so that the amount of turning is linear.
- the tip is positioned on the first side Dw1 in the groove width direction Dw with respect to the groove central axis Cm.
- the dressing tool 51A is tilted at the tilt angle ⁇ 1 as shown.
- the angle of the first dressing surface 511 with respect to the first grinding surface 101A is widened to an obtuse angle, and the angle of the second dressing surface 512 with respect to the second grinding surface 101B is narrowed to an acute angle.
- the dressing tool 51A is tilted at the tilt angle ⁇ 2 so as to be positioned on the second side Dw2.
- the angle of the first dressing surface 511 with respect to the first grinding surface 101A is narrowed to an acute angle
- the angle of the second dressing surface 512 with respect to the second grinding surface 101B is widened to an obtuse angle.
- the dressing tool 51A turns.
- the inclination angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 when the dressing tool 51A is most inclined around the tool turning axis O6 are, for example, It is preferable to set a value suitable for bias correction processing that eliminates torsional bias. Specifically, when the teeth 201 of the gear 200 are actually ground by the grindstone T having the grinding grooves 101 that are dressed without tilting the dressing tool 51A, the twist of the tooth profile generated on the tooth surface is measured. Based on the measurement results, the inclination angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are set so as to cancel the degree of torsion (bias amount) of the tooth flank, which is the deviation of the pressure angle in the tooth trace direction Ds on the tooth flank.
- the dressing device 5A configured as described above simultaneously dresses the two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B adjacent to each other in the groove width direction Dw of the grinding groove 101 with a pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 of the dressing tool 51A, while simultaneously dressing the dressing tool 51A. It is turned around the turning axis O6. Thereby, the contact angles of the pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 with respect to the two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B can be adjusted simultaneously. Specifically, the first dressing surface 511 is tilted with respect to the first grinding surface 101A by rotating the dressing tool 51A.
- the second dressing surface 512 is tilted with respect to the second grinding surface 101B so as to be opposite to the tilt of the first dressing surface 511 with respect to the first grinding surface 101A.
- the contact angle of the first dressing surface 511 with respect to the first grinding surface 101A and the contact angle of the second dressing surface 512 with respect to the second grinding surface 101B have the same absolute value and opposite positive and negative values. change at the same time.
- dressing can be performed so as to simultaneously change the pressure angles of the two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B.
- the grinding groove 101 can be efficiently dressed when correcting the bias.
- the dressing tool 51A when performing dressing, gradually turns as it approaches the second portion 101t from the first portion 101s of the grinding groove 101.
- the pressure angles of the two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B gradually change along the tooth trace direction Ds from the first portion 101s of the grinding groove 101 toward the second portion 101t. Therefore, when machining the gear 200 with the grinding grooves 101, from the first portion 101s contacting the first end 201a on one side of the tooth trace direction Ds of the tooth 201 to the second portion contacting the second end 201b of the tooth 201 The pressure angle can be adjusted smoothly up to 101t.
- the dressing tool is turned so that the tips of the first portion 101s and the second portion 101t face opposite to each other in the groove width direction Dw with respect to the groove center axis Cm.
- the pressure angles of the first portion 101s and the second portion 101t can be adjusted while the amount of change in the pressure angle at the intermediate portion 101c between the first portion 101s and the second portion 101t is brought close to zero.
- the pressure angle at the first portion 101s is gradually increased relative to the pressure angle at the intermediate portion, and the pressure angle at the second portion 101t is gradually decreased relative to the pressure angle at the intermediate portion. be able to.
- the pressure angle at the first portion 101s is gradually changed to be smaller than the pressure angle at the intermediate portion, and the pressure angle at the second portion 101t is gradually increased relative to the pressure angle at the intermediate portion. be able to.
- the gear grinding apparatuses 1A and 1B are equipped with the dressing device 5A as described above, the grindstone T used for grinding the gear 200 can be efficiently dressed.
- the dressing tool 51A is formed in a tapered disc shape. That is, in the first embodiment, the dressing tool 51A has a structure in which a pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 are formed on one dressing portion 510. As shown in FIG. However, the shape of the dressing tool is not limited to such a structure.
- a modified dressing tool 51B is formed in a disc shape with a concave portion at the end so that the tip is bifurcated.
- the modified dressing tool 51B includes a first dressing section 520 and a second dressing section 530 .
- the first dressing portion 520 extends from the tool main body portion 500 to the outer side Dro in the radial direction Dr.
- the second dressing portion 530 extends outward Dro in the radial direction Dr from the tool body portion 500 at a position spaced apart from the first dressing portion 520 .
- the second dressing portion 530 is spaced apart from the first dressing portion 520 on the first side Da1 in the rotation axis direction Da.
- a first dressing surface 521 is formed on the first side Da1 of the first dressing portion 520 in the rotation axis direction Da.
- a second dressing surface 531 is formed on the second side Da2 of the second dressing portion 530 in the rotation axis direction Da.
- the first dressing surface 521 polishes the first grinding surface 101C on the first side Da1 of the grinding groove 101 in the rotation axis direction Da.
- the second dressing surface 531 is positioned on the second side Da2 in the rotational axis direction Da of the adjacent ground groove 101 arranged on the first side Da1 in the rotational axis direction Da with respect to the ground groove 101 having the first ground surface 101C.
- the second grinding surface 101D is polished.
- the first dressing surface 521 and the second dressing surface 531 do not machine both sides of one grinding groove 101 at the same time, but work pieces of two adjacent grinding grooves 101 at the same time. In this manner, the first dressing surface 521 and the second dressing surface 531 are capable of simultaneously dressing two grinding surfaces 101C and 101D adjacent in the groove width direction Dw.
- the dressing tool 51A of the first embodiment performs dressing on the grindstone T with the dressing part 510 inserted into the grinding groove 101, but the dressing tool 51B of the modification includes the first dressing part 520 and the second dressing part 520.
- the second dressing section 530 applies dressing to the grindstone T while sandwiching the convex portion between the two adjacent grinding grooves 101 .
- the dressing tool 51B is formed so that the first dressing portion 520 and the second dressing portion 530 are fitted into the protrusions formed between the two adjacent grinding grooves 101 . That is, the tip surface 522 of the first dressing portion 520 and the tip surface 532 of the second dressing portion 530 are capable of polishing the groove bottom surface 101b of the grinding groove 101 .
- a base surface 540 between the first dressing portion 520 and the second dressing portion 530 can grind the tooth tip surface 101d of the grinding groove 101 .
- the two grinding surfaces 101C and 101D adjacent in the groove width direction Dw in the convex portion forming the grinding groove 101 are connected to the pair of dressing surfaces 521 and 521 of the dressing tool 51B. While dressing at 531 at the same time, the dressing tool 51B is turned around the tool turning axis O6. Thereby, the contact angles of the pair of dressing surfaces 521 and 531 with respect to the two grinding surfaces 101C and 101D can be adjusted simultaneously.
- the tip surfaces 522, 532 and the base surface 540 can dress the groove bottom surface 101b and the tooth tip surface 101d of the grinding groove 101 at the same time. That is, the first dressing portion 520 and the second dressing portion 530 having shapes matching the grinding groove 101 can process the grinding groove 101 with many contact surfaces like surface contact. As a result, the time required for dressing the grinding groove 101 can be shortened, and the dressing can be performed more efficiently.
- the lead dimension L of the spiral grinding groove 101 is non-uniform in the rotation axis direction Da.
- the lead dimension L is the length of the grinding groove 101 in the groove width direction Dw when the grindstone T rotates a predetermined number of times.
- the grindstone T is a single thread grindstone
- it is the length of the groove width direction Dw in the cross section including the grindstone rotation axis O4 between the starting point and the end point of the grinding groove 101 when the grindstone T makes one revolution.
- the grindstone T is a double-threaded grindstone, it is the length of the groove width direction Dw in the cross section including the grindstone rotation axis O4 between the start point and the end point of the grindstone T, sandwiching one grinding groove 101.
- the lead dimension L of the ground groove 101 is not constant but gradually changes from the first portion 101s of the ground groove 101 to the second portion 101t.
- the lead dimension L of the ground groove 101 is L1, which is the largest on one side in the groove width direction Dw, and gradually decreases to L2 and L3 toward the other side in the groove width direction Dw. At this time, it is preferable that the lead dimension L changes linearly.
- the lead dimension L for example, a method of changing the rotation speed of the dressing tool 51A by the tool rotation unit 52 while keeping the moving speed of the grindstone T in the second direction D2 by the grindstone driving unit 43 constant.
- the lead dimension L is gradually decreased from one side to the other side in the groove width direction Dw
- the pressure angle of the ground groove 101 is gradually increased from one side to the other side in the groove width direction Dw.
- the method for changing the lead dimension L is not limited to such a method. That is, as long as the lead dimension L can be changed, the grindstone T and the dressing tool 51A may be moved and rotated under any conditions.
- the contact angle of the first dressing surface 511 with respect to the first grinding surface 101A and the contact angle of the second dressing surface 512 with respect to the second grinding surface 101B have the same absolute value and the same positive and negative values. change at the same time.
- dressing can be performed by simultaneously changing the pressure angles of the two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B in the same direction and by the same amount. Therefore, by changing the lead dimension L while turning the dressing tool 51A, dressing can be performed so as to simultaneously change the pressure angles of the two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B while finely adjusting them. This allows more efficient dressing of the grinding groove 101 when correcting the bias.
- the lead dimension L can be changed in addition to adjusting the pressure angle by rotating the dressing tool 51A.
- the pressure angle can be further finely adjusted in the tooth trace direction Ds.
- the pressure angle can be adjusted appropriately.
- the dressing devices 5A and 5B, the gear grinding devices 1A and 1B, and the dressing method S1 of the grindstone T described in each embodiment are grasped as follows, for example.
- the dressing devices 5A and 5B provide a grinding wheel T having a grinding groove 101 spirally continuous around the grinding wheel rotation axis O4 in a first direction D1 perpendicular to the grinding wheel rotation axis O4.
- a dressing mechanism 50 that is relatively movable and capable of dressing the grinding groove 101, and a control unit 9 that controls the operation of the dressing mechanism 50.
- the dressing mechanism 50 is arranged along the grindstone rotation axis O4.
- a pair of grinding surfaces 101A, 101B, 101C, and 101D which are surfaces constituting the grinding groove 101 and which are adjacent to each other in the groove width direction Dw and which are driven to rotate about the tool rotation axis O5 extending along the Disk-shaped dressing tools 51A, 51B having dressing surfaces 511, 512, 521, 531 at their tips, and the dressing tools 51A, 51B are arranged on a tool rotation axis perpendicular to the tool rotation axis O5 and the first direction D1. and a tool turning section 53 for turning around O6, wherein the control section 9 rotates the grindstone T around the grindstone rotation axis O4 and rotates the dressing tools 51A and 51B around the tool rotation axis O5.
- the two grinding surfaces 101A, 101B, 101C, and 101D adjacent in the groove width direction Dw are dressed with the pair of dressing surfaces 511, 512, 521, and 531 of the dressing tools 51A and 51B, and the tool
- the angles of the pair of dressing surfaces 511, 512, 521, 531 with respect to the two grinding surfaces 101A, 101B, 101C, 101D are adjusted. change.
- the contact angles of the pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 with respect to the two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B can be adjusted simultaneously. Specifically, one dressing surface 511 is inclined with respect to one grinding surface 101A by rotating the dressing tool 51A. At the same time, the other dressing surface 512 is tilted with respect to the other grinding surface 101B so as to be opposite to the tilt of the one dressing surface 511 with respect to the one grinding surface 101A. That is, the contact angle of one dressing surface 511 with respect to one grinding surface 101A and the contact angle of the other dressing surface 512 with respect to the other grinding surface 101B have the same absolute value and opposite positive and negative values. change at the same time. Thus, dressing can be performed so as to simultaneously change the pressure angles of the two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B. As a result, the grinding groove 101 can be efficiently dressed when correcting the bias.
- the dressing devices 5A, 5B according to the second aspect are the dressing devices 5A, 5B of (1), wherein the spiral grinding groove 101 is used when grinding one tooth 201 of the gear 200 , a first portion 101s in contact with the first end 201a on one side of the tooth 201 in the tooth trace direction Ds of the tooth 201, and a second end 201b on the other side of the tooth 201 in the tooth trace direction Ds. and a second portion 101t, When performing dressing, the control section 9 gradually turns the dressing tools 51A and 51B as they approach the second section 101t from the first section 101s.
- the pressure angles of the two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B gradually change along the tooth trace direction Ds from the first portion 101s of the grinding groove 101 toward the second portion 101t. Therefore, when machining the gear 200 with the grinding grooves 101, from the first portion 101s contacting the first end 201a on one side of the tooth trace direction Ds of the tooth 201 to the second portion contacting the second end 201b of the tooth 201 The pressure angle can be adjusted smoothly up to 101t.
- the dressing devices 5A, 5B according to the third aspect are the dressing devices 5A, 5B of (2), in which the controller 9 controls the first portion 101s in a cross section including the grindstone rotation axis O4. Then, the dressing tools 51A and 51B are inclined so that the tips are located on the first side Dw1 in the groove width direction Dw with respect to the groove central axis Cm located in the middle of the grinding groove 101 in the groove width direction Dw. In the cross section including the grindstone rotation axis O4, at the second portion 101t, the dressing tool 51A is arranged so that the tip is positioned on the second side Dw2 in the groove width direction Dw with respect to the groove center axis Cm, 51B is tilted.
- the pressure angles of the first portion 101s and the second portion 101t can be adjusted while the amount of change in the pressure angle between the first portion 101s and the second portion 101t is brought close to zero.
- the dressing devices 5A and 5B according to the fourth aspect are the dressing device 5A according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the dressing tool 51A has one dressing section 510, The pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 are formed on side surfaces of the dressing portion 510 so as to face opposite sides in the direction in which the tool rotation axis O5 extends.
- the dressing portion 510 when the dressing portion 510 is inserted into the grinding groove 101 of the grindstone T, the pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512 come into contact with the two adjacent grinding surfaces 101A and 101B of the grinding groove 101 in the groove width direction Dw. As a result, both surfaces of the grinding groove 101 in the groove width direction Dw can be dressed at the same time.
- the dressing apparatuses 5A and 5B according to the fifth aspect are the dressing apparatuses 5A and 5B according to any one of (1) to (3), and the dressing tool 51B includes a first dressing section 520 and , and a second dressing portion 530 that is spaced apart from the first dressing portion 520 in the direction in which the tool rotation axis O5 extends.
- the formed dressing surface 521 and the dressing surface 531 formed on the second dressing portion 530 face each other in the direction in which the tool rotation axis O5 extends.
- a dressing device 5B according to a sixth aspect is the dressing device 5B according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the spiral grinding groove 101 is formed by rotating the grindstone T a predetermined number of times.
- the lead dimension L which is the length in the direction in which the grindstone rotation axis O4 extends, is non-uniform, and the control unit 9 controls the dressing so as to correspond to the amount of change in the lead dimension L when performing dressing. Adjust the turning amount of the tool 51B.
- dressing can be performed so as to change the pressure angles of the two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B while finely adjusting them at the same time. This allows more efficient dressing of the grinding groove 101 when correcting the bias.
- the gear grinding apparatuses 1A and 1B according to the seventh aspect include a work table 3 that rotatably supports a work W serving as a gear 200, a grindstone T that grinds the work W, and the grindstone T, which are It is provided with a grindstone support portion 4 that is rotationally driven around a grindstone rotation axis O4, and dressing devices 5A and 5B according to any one of (1) to (6).
- the grindstone T used for grinding the gear 200 can be efficiently dressed.
- a dressing method S1 for the grindstone T according to the tenth aspect is a dressing method S1 for the grindstone T in the dressing apparatus 5A or 5B according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the grindstone T is Step S3 of rotating around the grindstone rotation axis O4, dressing the two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B adjacent in the groove width direction Dw with the pair of dressing surfaces 511 and 512, and performing the dressing by the tool swivel unit 53.
- dressing can be performed so as to simultaneously change the pressure angles of the two grinding surfaces 101A and 101B.
- the grinding groove 101 can be efficiently dressed when correcting the bias.
- the dressing device the gear grinding device, and the grinding wheel dressing method described above, even a grinding wheel having a grinding surface with a complicated shape can be dressed efficiently.
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Abstract
Description
以下、添付図面を参照して、本開示によるドレッシング装置、歯車研削装置、及び砥石のドレッシング方法を実施するための形態を説明する。しかし、本開示はこれらの実施形態のみに限定されるものではない。
図1及び図2に示す歯車研削装置1Aは、歯車200となるワークWを砥石Tで研削可能とされている。歯車研削装置1Aでは、砥石TとワークWとを同期回転させながら接触させることでワークWが研削される。ワークWは、例えば、円盤状や円筒状に形成されている被加工対象の部材である。ワークWは、砥石Tによって、外周面に形成されている歯201を形成する。
ドレッシング機構50は、ワークテーブル3に対して砥石支持部本体41が砥石Tを水平方向に移動可能とされていることによって、砥石Tに対し、第一方向D1に相対的に移動可能とされている。ドレッシング機構50は、圧力角が歯筋方向Dsに沿って変化するように、砥石Tの研削溝101に対し、ドレッシングを施すことが可能とされている。図6及び図7に示すように、ドレッシング機構50は、ドレッシング工具51Aと、工具回転部52と、工具旋回部53と、を備えている。
図10に示すように、制御部9は、CPU81(Central Processing Unit)、ROM82(Read Only Memory)、RAM83(Random Access Memory)、HDD84(Hard Disk Drive)、信号送信モジュール85を備えるコンピュータである。信号送信モジュール85は、歯車研削装置1Aの各部に制御信号を送信する。
図11に示すように、制御部9は、ROM82やRAM83やHDD84を介して予め自装置で記憶するプログラムをCPU81によって実行することにより、歯車研削装置1Aの各部を制御する。
砥石Tのドレッシング方法S1は、歯車200を研削する砥石Tにドレッシングを施す方法である。図12に示すように、本開示の実施形態に係る砥石Tのドレッシング方法S1は、準備工程S2と、砥石Tを回転させる工程S3と、ドレッシング工具51Aを回転駆動させる工程S4と、ドレッシング工具51Aを旋回させながら、研削溝101にドレッシングを施す工程S5と、を含む。
上記構成のドレッシング装置5Aは、研削溝101の溝幅方向Dwで隣り合う二つの研削面101A及び101Bを、ドレッシング工具51Aの一対のドレッシング面511及び512で同時にドレッシングしながら、ドレッシング工具51Aを工具旋回軸線O6周りに旋回させる。これにより、二つの研削面101A及び101Bに対する一対のドレッシング面511及び512の接触する角度を同時に調整できる。具体的には、ドレッシング工具51Aを旋回させることで、第一研削面101Aに対して第一ドレッシング面511が傾く。同時に、第一研削面101Aに対する第一ドレッシング面511の傾きと反対を向くように、第二研削面101Bに対して、第二ドレッシング面512が傾く。つまり、第一研削面101Aに対する第一ドレッシング面511の接触する角度と、第二研削面101Bに対する第二ドレッシング面512の接触する角度とが、同じ絶対値で正負が逆の値となるように同時に変化する。これにより、二つの研削面101A及び101Bの圧力角を同時に変化させるようにドレッシングを施すことができる。これにより、バイアスを修正する際に、研削溝101のドレッシングを効率良く行うことができる。
なお、上記第一実施形態において、ドレッシング工具51Aは、先細りになるような円盤状に形成されている。つまり、第一実施形態において、ドレッシング工具51Aは、一対のドレッシング面511及び512が、一つのドレッシング部510に形成される構造とされている。しかしながら、ドレッシング工具の形状は、このような構造に限定されるものではない。
このようなドレッシング工具51Bにおいても、上記実施形態と同様、研削溝101を形成する凸部において溝幅方向Dwで隣り合う二つの研削面101C及び101Dを、ドレッシング工具51Bの一対のドレッシング面521及び531で同時にドレッシングしながら、ドレッシング工具51Bを工具旋回軸線O6周りに旋回させる。これにより、二つの研削面101C及び101Dに対する一対のドレッシング面521及び531の接触する角度を同時に調整できる。
次に、本開示に係るドレッシング装置及び歯車研削装置の第二実施形態について説明する。なお、以下に説明する第二実施形態においては、上記第一実施形態と共通する構成については図中に同符号を付してその説明を省略する。第二実施形態では、砥石Tの研削溝101のリードを変化させる点で第一実施形態と異なっている。
研削溝101のリード寸法Lが変化させた状態で、一対のドレッシング面511及び512を二つの研削面101A及び101Bに同時に当ててドレッシン加工を施すと、二つの研削面101A及び101Bに対する一対のドレッシング面511及び512の接触する角度を同時に調整できる。具体的には、研削溝101のリード寸法Lが変化していることで、第一研削面101Aに対して第一ドレッシング面511が接触する位置(深さ)と、第二研削面101Bに対して第二ドレッシング面512が接触する位置(深さ)とが、溝幅方向Dwに、同じ量で同じ方向にずれることとなる。その結果、第一研削面101Aに対する第一ドレッシング面511の接触する角度と、第二研削面101Bに対する第二ドレッシング面512の接触する角度とが、同じ絶対値で正負も同じ値となるように同時に変化する。これにより、二つの研削面101A及び101Bの圧力角を同時に同じ向きに同じ量だけ変化させてドレッシングを施すことができる。したがって、ドレッシング工具51Aを旋回させながら、リード寸法Lを変化させることで、二つの研削面101A及び101Bの圧力角を同時に微調整しながら変化させるようにドレッシングを施すことができる。これにより、バイアスを修正する際に、研削溝101のドレッシングをより効率良く行うことができる。
各実施形態に記載のドレッシング装置5A、5B、歯車研削装置1A、1B、及び砥石Tのドレッシング方法S1は、例えば以下のように把握される。
前記制御部9は、ドレッシングを行う際に、前記第一部位101sから前記第二部位101tに近づくにしたがって、徐々に前記ドレッシング工具51A、51Bを旋回させる。
2 ベッド
3 ワークテーブル
4 砥石支持部
5A、5B ドレッシング装置
6 テールストック
7 テールストック支持部
8 ワーク旋回搬送部
9 制御部
41 砥石支持部本体
42 砥石移動部
43 砥石駆動部
50 ドレッシング機構
51A、51B ドレッシング工具
52 工具回転部
53 工具旋回部
54 回転軸
55 ドレッシング装置移動部
65 テールストック移動部
71 支持部本体
75 第一ガイドレール
76 第二ガイドレール
81 CPU
82 ROM
83 RAM
84 HDD
85 信号送信モジュール
91 砥石制御部
92 工具回転制御部
93 工具旋回制御部
94 出力部
100 研削歯
101 研削溝
101A 研削面(第一研削面)
101B 研削面(第二研削面)
101C 研削面(第一研削面)
101D 研削面(第二研削面)
101b 溝底面
101c 中間部位
101d 歯先端面
101s 第一部位
101t 第二部位
200 歯車
201 歯
201a 第一端
201b 第二端
500 工具本体部
510 ドレッシング部
511、521 ドレッシング面(第一ドレッシング面)
512,531 ドレッシング面(第二ドレッシング面)
520 第一のドレッシング部
522 先端面
530 第二のドレッシング部
532 先端面
540 基底面
Cm 溝中心軸
Ct 工具中心軸
D1 第一方向
D2 第二方向
Da 回転軸方向
Da1 第一側
Da2 第二側
Dg 歯形方向
Dr 径方向
Dri 内側
Dro 外側
Ds 歯筋方向
Dv 鉛直方向
Dw 溝幅方向
Dw1 第一側
Dw2 第二側
L リード寸法
O3 テーブル軸線
O4 砥石回転軸線
O5 工具回転軸線
O6 工具旋回軸線
P1 ドレッシング装置待機位置
P2 ドレッシング装置使用位置
S1 ドレッシング方法
S2 準備工程
S3 砥石を回転させる工程
S4 ドレッシング工具を回転駆動させる工程
S5 ドレッシングを施す工程
T 砥石
W ワーク
θ1、θ2 傾斜角度
Claims (8)
- 砥石回転軸線周りに螺旋状に連続する研削溝を有する砥石に対し、前記砥石回転軸線に直交する第一方向に相対的に移動可能とされ、前記研削溝をドレッシング可能なドレッシング機構と、
前記ドレッシング機構の動作を制御する制御部と、を備え、
前記ドレッシング機構は、
前記砥石回転軸線に沿うように延びる工具回転軸線周りに回転駆動され、前記研削溝を構成する面であって溝幅方向で隣り合う二つの研削面に対してドレッシング可能な一対のドレッシング面を先端に有した円盤状のドレッシング工具と、
前記ドレッシング工具を、前記工具回転軸線及び前記第一方向に直交する工具旋回軸線周りに旋回させる工具旋回部と、
を備え、
前記制御部は、前記砥石を前記砥石回転軸線周りに回転させるとともに、前記ドレッシング工具を前記工具回転軸線周りに回転させて、前記溝幅方向で隣り合う二つの前記研削面を一対の前記ドレッシング面でドレッシングするとともに、前記工具旋回部によって前記ドレッシング工具を前記工具旋回軸線周りに旋回させることで、二つの前記研削面に対する一対の前記ドレッシング面の角度を変化させるドレッシング装置。 - 螺旋状の前記研削溝は、歯車の一つの歯を研削する場合に、前記歯の歯筋方向における前記歯の一方側の第一端に接触する第一部位と、前記歯筋方向における前記歯の他方側の第二端に接触する第二部位とを有し、
前記制御部は、ドレッシングを行う際に、前記第一部位から前記第二部位に近づくにしたがって、徐々に前記ドレッシング工具を旋回させる請求項1に記載のドレッシング装置。 - 前記制御部は、
前記砥石回転軸線を含む断面において、前記第一部位では、前記溝幅方向における前記研削溝の中間に位置する溝中心軸に対して前記先端が前記溝幅方向の第一側に位置するように前記ドレッシング工具を傾斜させ、
前記砥石回転軸線を含む断面において、前記第二部位では、前記溝中心軸に対して前記先端が前記溝幅方向の第二側に位置するように前記ドレッシング工具を傾斜させる請求項2に記載のドレッシング装置。 - 前記ドレッシング工具は、一のドレッシング部を前記先端に有し、
一対の前記ドレッシング面は、前記工具回転軸線の延びる方向において互いに反対側を向いて前記ドレッシング部の側面に形成されている請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載のドレッシング装置。 - 前記ドレッシング工具は、第一のドレッシング部と、前記第一のドレッシング部に対して前記工具回転軸線の延びる方向に間隔をあけて配置された第二のドレッシング部と、を前記先端に有し、
前記第一のドレッシング部に形成された前記ドレッシング面と前記第二のドレッシング部に形成された前記ドレッシング面は、前記工具回転軸線の延びる方向において互いに向かい合っている請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載のドレッシング装置。 - 螺旋状の前記研削溝は、前記砥石が所定数回転した際の前記砥石回転軸線の延びる方向の長さであるリード寸法が非均一であり、
前記制御部は、ドレッシングを行う際に、前記リード寸法の変化量に対応するように前記ドレッシング工具の旋回量を調整する請求項1から5の何れか一項に記載のドレッシング装置。 - 歯車となるワークを回転可能に支持するワークテーブルと、
前記ワークを研削する砥石と、
前記砥石を、前記砥石回転軸線周りに回転駆動させる砥石支持部と、
請求項1から6の何れか一項に記載のドレッシング装置と、を備える歯車研削装置。 - 請求項1から6の何れか一項に記載のドレッシング装置における砥石のドレッシング方法であって、
前記砥石を前記砥石回転軸線周りに回転させる工程と、
前記ドレッシング工具を前記工具回転軸線周りに回転駆動させる工程と、
前記溝幅方向で隣り合う二つの前記研削面を一対の前記ドレッシング面でドレッシングするとともに、前記工具旋回部によって前記ドレッシング工具を前記工具旋回軸線周りに旋回させることで、二つの前記研削面に対する一対の前記ドレッシング面の角度を変化させる工程と、を含む、砥石のドレッシング方法。
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PCT/JP2021/025616 WO2023281660A1 (ja) | 2021-07-07 | 2021-07-07 | ドレッシング装置、歯車研削装置、及び砥石のドレッシング方法 |
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- 2021-07-07 JP JP2023532950A patent/JPWO2023281660A1/ja active Pending
- 2021-07-07 CN CN202180100177.7A patent/CN117580678A/zh active Pending
- 2021-07-07 EP EP21949294.9A patent/EP4368341A1/en active Pending
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