WO2023134164A1 - 保温絮片及其应用 - Google Patents

保温絮片及其应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023134164A1
WO2023134164A1 PCT/CN2022/111950 CN2022111950W WO2023134164A1 WO 2023134164 A1 WO2023134164 A1 WO 2023134164A1 CN 2022111950 W CN2022111950 W CN 2022111950W WO 2023134164 A1 WO2023134164 A1 WO 2023134164A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fiber
thermal insulation
low
melting
fibers
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PCT/CN2022/111950
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄乃科
卞晨霞
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东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司
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Priority to CN202280049769.5A priority Critical patent/CN117651642A/zh
Publication of WO2023134164A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023134164A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
    • A47G9/00—Bed-covers; Counterpanes; Travelling rugs; Sleeping rugs; Sleeping bags; Pillows
    • A47G9/02—Bed linen; Blankets; Counterpanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/02—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin in the form of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/02—Cotton wool; Wadding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/60—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in dry state, e.g. thermo-activatable agents in solid or molten state, and heat being applied subsequently

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermal insulation floc and its application.
  • the Chinese patent document CN108474155A discloses heat-insulating wadding material and its preparation method and heat-insulating products. Distributed between a part of adjacent monofilament webs, at least a part of the fibers constituting the monofilament webs are low-melting fibers, and at least a part of the fibers constituting the spherical fiber assembly are low-melting fibers, having excellent compression resilience And (insulation) washing durability and other characteristics.
  • both the spherical fiber aggregates and the single fiber web sheet contain low-melting-point fibers, the bonding between the fibers formed after heat treatment makes the flake material feel hard and have insufficient bulkiness.
  • the Japanese Patent Document Patent No. 6669755 discloses fiber ball filling materials and products containing fiber ball filling materials, and specifically discloses that the filling materials include non-woven fiber webs and fiber balls.
  • Composition of a mixture the fiber mixture includes 40-95% by weight of synthetic fibers and 5-40% by weight of binder fibers, the bonding temperature of the binder fibers is lower than the softening temperature of the synthetic fibers, the thus formed filling material has softness, shape
  • the binder fibers are melted and bonded after heat treatment, which affects the bulkiness of the product as a whole.
  • the Chinese patent document CN106906571A discloses an elastic air-permeable structure composed of multi-fiber layers and its application.
  • Both the net layer and the fiber ball layer are made of short fibers, and the short fibers are low-melting short fibers and three-dimensional crimped hollow short fibers, which have the characteristics of light weight, softness, good air permeability, and good shape retention after compression, but they also have fluffy
  • the low-melting-point fiber in the fiber ball layer suppresses the curling state of the hollow short fiber after melting, and the overall compression resilience is affected.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a thermal insulation flake with softer and fluffier hand feeling and superior compression resilience.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of thermal insulation wadding.
  • the constitution of the present invention is as follows:
  • Thermal insulation wadding which includes more than two layers of non-woven fiber webs and fillers, the fillers are distributed between the non-woven fiber webs, and the fillers are only composed of non-low melting point fibers.
  • the grammage of the nonwoven fiber web is 8-25 g/m2.
  • the low-melting fiber is polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyethylene/polypropylene two-component composite fiber, polyester/polyethylene two-component One or more of composite fibers and polyester/polypropylene bicomponent composite fibers.
  • the non-low-melting fiber is one or more of polyester fiber, polyamide fiber and regenerated cellulose fiber.
  • thermo insulation wadding sheet of (3) above wherein the thermal insulation wadding sheet is formed by quilting to form fixed points and fix the nonwoven fiber web and filler together.
  • thermo insulation wadding sheet of (3) above wherein the thermal insulation wadding sheet forms fixed points by hot pressing and fixes the nonwoven fiber web and filler together.
  • thermo insulation wadding sheet of (3) above wherein the thermal insulation wadding sheet forms fixing points by an adhesive attachment method and fixes the nonwoven fiber web and the filler together.
  • the thermal insulation wadding of the present invention includes more than two layers of non-woven fiber webs and fillers, the fillers are distributed between the non-woven fiber webs, and the fillers are only composed of non-low-melting fibers, which can effectively reduce the ratio of fiber fusion bonding , greatly improving the compression resilience, softness and bulkiness of the thermal insulation wadding, especially suitable for making clothing, bedding (such as quilts, mattresses, blankets, etc.), outdoor products (such as tents, etc.), bags and decorative materials ( Such as thermal insulation materials, sound insulation materials, etc.).
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the thermal insulation wadding sheet by the linear quilting method of the present invention.
  • 1 and 2 are nonwoven fiber webs
  • 3 is filler
  • 4 is fixed point
  • 5 is exposed fiber on the contacting side of nonwoven fiber web and filler
  • 6 is the distance between adjacent fixed points.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat preservation wadding sheet by the ultrasonic hot pressing method of the present invention.
  • 1 and 2 are nonwoven fiber webs
  • 3 is filler
  • 4 is fixed point
  • 5 is exposed fiber on the contacting side of nonwoven fiber web and filler
  • 7 is the distance between adjacent fixed points.
  • the placement of the nonwoven web, the distribution of the filler, and the composition of the filler are all critical to the insulating batting of the present invention.
  • the filler will obviously shift, agglomerate, entangle and other problems during the washing process. Therefore, the setting of the non-woven fiber web is very necessary.
  • the number of layers of the non-woven fiber web is not particularly limited, but at least two layers are required. In this case, the filling is distributed between the two layers of non-woven fiber web, which can solve the problem that the filling is easy to shift without affecting the flakes. Improved thermal insulation.
  • the filler contains low-melting-point fibers
  • the low-melting-point fibers will be melted and bonded after heat treatment, and will stick together with other surrounding fibers to form bonding points, resulting in a reduction in the degree of freedom of the fibers that make up the filler, which in turn affects the thermal insulation batt. Therefore, in the present invention, it is required that the filler is only composed of non-low melting point fibers.
  • the non-woven fiber web of the thermal insulation flakes and the filler are fixed together through a fixed point, which is considering that after the non-woven fiber web and the filler are partially fixed, the free offset space of the filler in the thermal insulation flake becomes smaller, Washing misalignment can be further improved. If the distance between any adjacent fixed points is less than 4mm, although the free offset space of the filling is small enough, the bulkiness and feel of the insulation batt tend to decline.
  • the number of fibers with a length of 10 mm or more per 1 cm 2 area is 1 or more. This is because the fibers of 10 mm or more on one side of the non-woven fiber web in contact with the filler can effectively entangle with the fibers on the surface of the filler to suppress the displacement of the filler. More preferably, the number of fibers with a length of 10 mm or more per area of 1 cm 2 is 5 or more on the side of the nonwoven fiber web in contact with the filler. More preferably, the number of fibers with a length of 10 mm or more per 1 cm 2 area on the side of the nonwoven fiber web in contact with the filler is 5 to 15.
  • the fiber having a length of 10 mm or more preferably has a crimped structure.
  • fibers with a length of more than 10 mm having a crimped structure can be well entangled with the fibers exposed on the surface of the filler to prevent the slipping and agglomeration of the filler, and fibers with a crimped structure can effectively improve the nonwoven fiber web. fluffiness.
  • the method of forming the crimped structure is not particularly limited, and can be obtained by any of the following methods: (1) using the thermoplastic characteristics of the fiber, the tow with a certain tension and temperature is continuously sent into the crimping box by the crimping roller, Pressurize to obtain filaments with crimped structure, then cut to obtain short fibers, preferably the number of crimps is 3 to 18/25mm, and the crimp rate is 3% to 14%; Holes and rapid cooling are used for spinning, and the internal stress formed in the fiber is retained in the fiber and converted into asymmetric tension of the fiber, so that each single fiber forms an obvious helical crimp structure, which is drawn after subsequent stretching
  • the shaping process obtains three-dimensional crimped hollow fibers, preferably the number of crimps is 3-18/25mm, and the crimp rate is 5-15%; (3)
  • the polymers of different components are sprayed through the same spinneret hole to form a single fiber , due to the different shrinkage rates of each component
  • the nonwoven fiber web has a grammage of 8-25 g/m2.
  • the weight of the non-woven fiber web is less than 8g/m2, the non-woven fiber web is thinner, the strength is lower, the cohesion between the fiber on the filler and the filler is smaller, and the washing durability of the insulation batt tends to decline.
  • the grammage of the non-woven fiber web is greater than 25g/m2, the amount of filler in the same grammage of insulation flake products is relatively reduced, and the softness and bulkiness of the insulation flake tend to decline.
  • the fibers forming the nonwoven web are low-melting fibers and non-low-melting fibers, wherein the melting point of the low-melting fibers is below 140°C.
  • the melting point of the low-melting fiber is 110°C to 140°C, which is based on the consideration that if the melting point of the low-melting fiber is higher than 140°C, the hot air process consumes more energy; and if the melting point of the low-melting fiber is lower than 110°C , may affect the stability of production.
  • Non-low-melting fiber refers to other fibers except fibers with a melting point below 140°C, that is, all fibers except low-melting fibers.
  • the content of the low-melting fiber in the nonwoven fiber web is 10-50% by weight. This is considering that under the same conditions, if the content of low-melting fiber is less than 10% by weight, there will be fewer fusion bonding points after heat treatment, and the bonding fastness between the nonwoven fiber web and the filler will be affected, and the washing durability will be reduced. There is a downward trend; if the content of low-melting fiber is greater than 50% by weight, there will be more fusion bonding points after heat treatment, and the hand feeling of the insulation flakes will tend to become hard.
  • the type of the low-melting fiber is not particularly limited, and may be a single-component fiber or a bi-component composite fiber or the like.
  • the low-melting fiber can be a fiber with a crimped structure, or a conventional fiber without a crimped structure, and its raw material is preferably polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyethylene/polypropylene bicomponent One or more of composite fibers, polyester/polyethylene bicomponent composite fibers and polyester/polypropylene bicomponent composite fibers.
  • the low-melting-point polyester fiber and low-melting-point polyamide fiber here are modified by adding a third component during the polymerization reaction. Considering that the polyester/polyethylene bicomponent composite fiber can be thermally bonded under relatively low heating conditions and has little effect on the hand feeling of the nonwoven fiber web, it is more preferred.
  • the fineness of the low-melting fiber is 1.0 to 3.0 denier (D).
  • the length of the low-melting fiber is preferably 32-64 mm, more preferably 38-51 mm.
  • the type of non-low-melting fiber is not particularly limited, and it is preferably one or more of polyester fiber, polyamide fiber and regenerated cellulose fiber.
  • the polyester fiber here is preferably a three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester fiber. Considering that the higher the content of the three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester fiber, the better the bulkiness and compression resilience of the nonwoven web, the content of the three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester fiber is preferably 20-70% by weight.
  • the regenerated cellulose fibers here are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include viscose, modal, and bamboo fibers.
  • the filler is preferably fiber balls.
  • the fiber balls here can be obtained by known techniques, and can also be produced by oneself. It is preferably composed of two or more fibers with different numbers of crimps and crimp rates. Through the difference in crimp between fibers, not only can the fiber ball have a softer feel and more excellent bulkiness, but also the fiber ball can have More excellent compression resilience, to achieve the purpose of machine washable.
  • the fiber ball preferably has a bulkiness of 300 to 600 inch 3 /30g.
  • the filler is preferably opened cotton.
  • Opened cotton specifically refers to smaller fiber blocks or fiber bundles obtained after opening and decomposing larger raw cotton on the opener. Opening the cotton reduces the weight per unit volume of the fiber raw material, making the filler more bulky, and there are more loose fibers on the surface of the fiber raw material in the open state, which is easier to entangle with the exposed fibers on the nonwoven fiber web At the same time, it can effectively prevent the occurrence of the offset and agglomeration of the filler.
  • the production process of the opened cotton is relatively short and the cost is relatively low.
  • the bulkiness of the opened cotton is preferably 400 to 800 inch 3 /30g.
  • the insulation batt of the present invention forms fixing points by quilting and fixes the nonwoven fiber web and filler together.
  • the quilting method generally uses a multi-needle quilting machine, which is not only simple and convenient to operate, but also can ensure the bulkiness of the insulation flakes and other properties.
  • the distance between any adjacent fixed points is less than 4mm, that is, if the quilting stitches are too dense, the production efficiency of the thermal insulation wadding tends to decline, and may affect the feel of the thermal insulation wadding, while If the distance between any adjacent fixed points is greater than 20mm, there will be a large space for the filler to move, and there may be problems of uneven filling and large washing deviation of the filler.
  • the distance between any adjacent fixed points is preferably 4-20 mm, more preferably 4-10 mm.
  • the shape of the quilting stitches which may be straight lines or curves in the length direction of the wadding, and may also be grids, circles or other irregular shapes.
  • the stitches can be continuous or non-continuous.
  • the width between adjacent stitches in the present invention is 50-200 mm, more preferably 50-100 mm.
  • the thermal insulation batts of the present invention form fixing points and fix the non-woven fiber web and filler together by hot pressing.
  • the hot pressing method is preferably an ultrasonic hot pressing method, and its specific processing conditions are: air pressure 0.1-0.3MPa, current 0.4-0.8A, flower wheel pressure 1.5-3Kg, ultrasonic power 1400-1600W.
  • the insulation batt of the present invention forms anchor points and fixes the nonwoven fiber web and filler together by adhesive attachment.
  • the adhesive attachment method may be to apply the adhesive to the nonwoven fiber web by means of roller coating, doctor blade coating, spraying, etc., and cool and solidify to form fixed points.
  • the adhesive here is not particularly limited, and may be a polyvinyl acetate adhesive, an acrylic adhesive, or the like.
  • the production efficiency of the hot pressing method and the adhesive attachment method is higher, and the fixed point formed is relatively firm.
  • the hot pressing method or the adhesive attachment method in the present invention preferably any phase
  • the distance between adjacent fixed points is 50-200 mm, more preferably 50-100 mm.
  • the nonwoven fiber web and the filler can also be fixed together by means of needle punching or spunlace, which is not particularly limited and can be selected according to needs.
  • the fiber raw materials of the nonwoven fiber web, filler and quilting may be the same or different, and are not particularly limited.
  • the manufacturing method of the thermal insulation flakes of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be prepared by the following method: first prepare a number of nonwoven fiber webs and fillers, then feed the nonwoven fibrous webs 1 into the lower feeding port of the flake processing equipment, and then Lay fillers on it, then feed the nonwoven fiber web 2 at the upper feeding port, so that the fillers are distributed between the nonwoven fiber webs 1, 2, and finally the nonwoven fiber webs 1, 2 and the fillers are fixed on the Get the thermal insulation flakes of the present invention together.
  • the nonwoven fiber web can be single-layer or multi-layer, which can be selected according to needs.
  • the assay method of each parameter involved in the present invention is as follows:
  • test sample The side of the test sample that is in contact with the filling is placed upwards, and the test sample is flatly pasted on a piece of black cardboard and fixed on a horizontal table.
  • the final temperature was 300°C.
  • the temperature showing an extreme value (highest value) in the obtained melting endothermic curve was defined as the melting point of the fiber.
  • washing offset rate W1/(W1+W2) ⁇ 100%;
  • the sensory evaluation of the thermal insulation flakes was conducted by 10 people, and it was divided into 4 grades: excellent, good, average, and poor. Among them, if more than 8 people think the hand feeling is good, it is rated as excellent; if 6-7 people think the hand feeling is good, it is rated as good; when 3-5 people think the hand feeling is good, it is rated as fair;
  • Low-melting point fiber 1 low-melting point polyester fiber, with a melting point of 120°C, a fineness of 2.0D, and a length of 51mm, manufactured by Toray Co., Ltd.;
  • Low-melting point fiber 2 low-melting point polyester fiber, with a melting point of 120°C, a fineness of 2.0D, and a length of 38mm, manufactured by Toray Co., Ltd.;
  • Low melting point fiber 3 low melting point polyethylene fiber, melting point is 110°C, denier is 3.0D, length is 51mm, manufactured by Toray Co., Ltd.;
  • Low-melting point fiber 4 low-melting point polyester/polyethylene bicomponent composite fiber, with a melting point of 110°C, a fineness of 2.0D, and a length of 51mm, manufactured by Toray Corporation;
  • Low-melting point fiber 5 low-melting point polyethylene fiber, with a melting point of 110°C, a fineness of 1.0D, and a length of 32mm, manufactured by Toray Co., Ltd.;
  • Non-low melting point fiber 1 three-dimensional hollow crimped polyester fiber treated with silicone oil, with a melting point of 260°C, a fineness of 3.0D, a length of 38mm, a number of crimps of 8/25mm, a crimp rate of 10%, and a hollow rate of 20% , manufactured by Toray Co., Ltd.;
  • Non-low melting point fiber 2 Three-dimensional hollow crimped polyamide fiber treated with silicone oil, melting point is 230°C, fineness is 2.0D, length is 38mm, number of crimps is 8/25mm, crimp rate is 13%, hollow rate is 20% , manufactured by Toray Co., Ltd.;
  • Non-low melting point fiber 3 viscose fiber, fineness 1.0D, length 51 mm, number of crimps 4/25 mm, crimp rate 8%, manufactured by Daiwa Bosho Co., Ltd., Japan.
  • Nonwoven webs 1 and 2 with a grammage of 15 g/m2 were produced through cross-lapping (roller pressure set at 50 N), oven fusion bonding (oven temperature set at 150° C.) and other projects. On one side of the nonwoven fiber webs 1 and 2, the number of fibers having a length of 10 mm or more per 1 cm 2 area was 8.
  • the nonwoven fiber web 1 is fed into the lower feeding port of the flake processing equipment as the inner layer, and the above-mentioned fiber balls are evenly spread on it (the spreading weight is 70g/m2), and then the nonwoven fiber is fed into the upper feeding port.
  • the web 2 acts as a skin layer, distributing the fiberballs between the nonwoven webs 1,2.
  • Use a multi-needle quilting machine to quilt the nonwoven fiber webs 1, 2 and the fiber balls together in a straight line along the length direction. The distance between any adjacent fixed points is 6mm to obtain the thermal insulation wadding of the present invention.
  • the specific parameters And the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
  • nonwoven fiber webs 1 and 2 15 kg of low-melting fiber 2 and 35 kg of non-low melting fiber 1 are selected as raw materials, and the pressure of the rollers in the cross-lapping process is set to 90 N.
  • the number of fibers with a length of more than 10 mm in each 1 cm 2 area is 0, and the rest are the same as in Example 1 to obtain the thermal insulation flakes of the present invention.
  • the specific parameters and evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
  • the feeding speed is 10m/min
  • the output speed is 20m/min
  • the grammage of the nonwoven fiber webs 1 and 2 is 5g/m2
  • the rest are the same as in Example 1, and the insulation wadding of the present invention is obtained.
  • the specific parameters and evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
  • the non-low-melting fiber 1 is opened and carded to make loose cotton with a bulkiness of 620inch 3 /30g, and the fiber balls are replaced with opened cotton, and the rest are the same as in Example 1 to obtain the thermal insulation wadding of the present invention.
  • the specific parameters and evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
  • the feeding speed is 15m/min
  • the output speed is 20m/min
  • the grammage of the nonwoven fiber webs 1 and 2 is 8g/m 2
  • the rest are the same as in Example 1 to obtain the thermal insulation wadding of the present invention
  • the specific parameters and evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
  • the non-low-melting fiber 2 is put into the feeding port of the fiber ball machine, and through the processing engineering of fiber opening, carding and ball forming, fiber balls with a bulkiness of 470inch 3 /30g are obtained.
  • the nonwoven fiber web 1 is fed into the lower feeding port of the flake processing equipment as the inner layer, and the above-mentioned fiber balls are evenly spread on it (the spreading weight is 70g/m2), and then the nonwoven fiber is fed into the upper feeding port.
  • the net 2 is used as the surface layer, so that the fiber balls are distributed between the non-woven fiber webs 1 and 2, and the non-woven fiber webs 1, 2 and the fiber balls are fixed together by the ultrasonic hot pressing method.
  • the specific conditions of the ultrasonic hot pressing method are: 0.2MPa, current 0.5A, flower wheel pressure 1.5Kg, ultrasonic power 1400W, the distance between any adjacent fixed points is 100mm, and the insulation flakes of the present invention are obtained.
  • the specific parameters and evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
  • the pressure of the pressure roller is set to 75N, and on one side of the nonwoven fiber web 1 and 2, the number of fibers with a length of more than 10 mm in each 1 cm area is 4, and the rest are the same as in Example 1.
  • the thermal insulation flakes of the present invention are obtained, and the specific parameters and evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
  • the nonwoven fiber webs 1, 2 and the fiber balls are fixed together by the wavy quilting method, the distance between any adjacent fixed points is 10 mm, and the rest is the same as in Example 1 to obtain the thermal insulation wadding sheet of the present invention, the specific parameters And the evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
  • the pressure of the pressure roller is set to 80N, and on one side of the nonwoven fiber web 1 and 2, the number of fibers with a length of more than 10 mm in each 1 cm area is 2, and the rest are the same as in Example 1.
  • the thermal insulation flakes of the present invention are obtained, and the specific parameters and evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
  • the feeding speed is 30m/min
  • the output speed is 20m/min
  • the grammage of the nonwoven fiber webs 1 and 2 is 20g/m 2
  • the rest is the same as in Example 8 to obtain the thermal insulation wadding of the present invention.
  • the specific parameters and evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
  • thermal insulation flakes of Examples 1-18 are used to make clothing, bedding, outdoor products, bags or decorative materials.
  • the fiber balls are distributed between the nonwoven fiber webs 1 and 2, and no quilting process is performed, and the oven is directly used for heat treatment.
  • the temperature of the oven is set at 150°C, and the rest is the same as that of Example 1.
  • the parameters and evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 1 From Example 1 and Example 2, it can be seen that under the same conditions, the distance between any adjacent fixed points is 6mm. , the washing durability (washing offset) of the two is equivalent, the compression resilience and heat retention of the former are slightly better than the latter, while the bulkiness and hand feeling are significantly better than the latter.
  • Example 17 From Example 17 and Example 3, it can be seen that under the same conditions, there are 2/ cm2 long fiber insulation batts and nonwoven fiber webs and fillers on the side in contact with the filler. Compared with the thermal insulation batt with 0/ cm2 long fibers on the contacting side, the bulkiness, compression resilience, thermal insulation and hand feeling of the two are equivalent, but the washing durability (washing offset) of the former is better. to the latter.
  • Example 9 From Example 9 and Example 4, it can be seen that under the same conditions, the thermal insulation flakes made from a nonwoven fiber web with a grammage of 8g/ m2 and the nonwoven fiber web with a grammage of 5g/ m2 Compared with the prepared thermal insulation wadding, the hand feel, bulkiness, compression resilience and thermal insulation of the two are equivalent, but the washing durability (washing offset) of the former is better than that of the latter.
  • Example 1 From Example 1 and Example 5, it can be seen that under the same conditions, the non-woven fiber web is composed of low-melting point fibers and non-low-melting point fibers and the non-woven fiber web is only composed of non-low-melting point fibers. Compared with the sheet, the feel of the two is equivalent, but the bulkiness, compression resilience, heat retention and washing durability (washing offset) of the former are better than the latter.
  • Example 1 From Example 1 and Example 6, it can be seen that under the same conditions, the thermal insulation flakes filled with fiber balls are comparable to the thermal insulation flakes filled with down feathers, but the former The bulkiness, compression resilience and washing durability (washing offset) of the product are better than the latter.
  • Example 1 From Example 1 and Example 7, it can be seen that under the same conditions, the thermal insulation wadding obtained by the linear quilting method is compared with the thermal insulation wadding obtained by the needle punching method, and the heat retention and washing durability of the two (washing is partial). Shift) are equivalent, while the bulkiness, compression resilience and hand feeling of the former are obviously better than the latter.
  • Example 1 From Example 1 and Example 11, it can be seen that under the same conditions, there are 8/cm long fiber insulation batts and nonwoven fiber webs and fillers on the side in contact with the filler. There are insulation wadding sheets with 4 long fibers/ cm2 on the contacting side, and the hand feeling of the two is equivalent. ) is significantly better than the latter.
  • Example 8 From Example 8 and Example 12, it can be seen that under the same conditions, the thermal insulation batt made from a nonwoven fiber web with a low melting point fiber content of 30% by weight is the same as the nonwoven fabric with a low melting point fiber content of 60% by weight. Compared with the thermal insulation flakes made of fiber nets, the bulkiness, washing durability (washing offset), thermal insulation and compression resilience of the two are equivalent, but the former has better hand feeling than the latter.

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Abstract

一种保温絮片及其应用，保温絮片包括两层以上非织造纤维网以及填充物，填充物分布在非织造纤维网之间，且填充物仅由非低熔点纤维构成，可以有效降低纤维熔融粘合的比率，大大提高保温絮片的压缩回弹性、柔软性以及蓬松度，特别适合用于制作服装、床上用品、户外用品、箱包以及装饰材料等。

Description

保温絮片及其应用 技术领域
本发明涉及一种保温絮片及其应用。
背景技术
随着生活水平的不断提高，人们对保温服的期待也越来越高。为了获得优异的保暖及穿着效果，人们对保温服中的保温絮片进行了很多探索和努力。如中国专利文献CN108474155A中公开了隔热絮片材料及其制备方法以及隔热产品，具体公开了隔热絮片材料包括多个重叠的单纤维网片和球形纤维结合体，球形纤维结合体至少分布在相邻单纤维网片的一部分之间，构成单纤维网片的纤维的至少一部分是低熔点纤维，并且构成球形纤维集合体的纤维的至少一部分是低熔点纤维，具有优异的压缩回弹性以及(保温)洗涤耐久性等特点。但是由于球形纤维集合体以及单纤维网片中均含有低熔点纤维，热处理后形成的纤维间的粘合使得絮片材料手感偏硬、蓬松度不够。
又如，日本专利文献特许第6669755号中公开了纤维球填充材料以及含有纤维球填充材料的产品，具体公开了填充材料包括非织造纤维网和纤维球，非织造纤维网和纤维球均由纤维混合物构成，纤维混合物包括40～95重量％的合成纤维和5～40重量％的粘合纤维，粘合纤维的粘合温度低于合成纤维的软化温度，由此形成的填充材料具有柔软、成型性好等特点，但是由于构成非织造纤维网和纤维球的纤维混合物中均含有粘合纤维，热处理后粘合纤维熔融粘合，进而影响到产品整体的蓬松度。
再如，中国专利文献CN106906571A中公开了多纤维层复合的弹性透气结构及其应用，具体公开了弹性透气结构主要由多层纤维网层和纤维网层之间作为夹层的纤维球层构成，纤维网层和纤维球层均由短纤维制成，短纤维采用低熔点短纤维和三维卷曲中空短纤维，具有质轻柔软、透气性佳、受压后保型性佳的特点，但是同样存在蓬松度不良的问题，而且纤维球层中的低熔点纤维熔融后抑制了中空短纤维的卷曲状态，整体的压缩回弹性受到影响。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种手感更加柔软、蓬松，且压缩回弹性更加优越的保温絮片。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供保温絮片的应用。
本发明的技术解决方案为：
为了达到上述目的，本发明的构成如下：
(1)保温絮片，所述保温絮片包括2层以上非织造纤维网以及填充物，填充物分布在非织造纤维网之间，所述填充物仅由非低熔点纤维构成。
(2)上述(1)的保温絮片，所述非织造纤维网与所述填充物通过固定点固定在一起，且任意相邻固定点之间的距离为4mm以上。
(3)上述(1)或(2)的保温絮片，所述非织造纤维网与所述填充物相接触的一面上，每1cm 2区域中长度10mm以上的纤维数量为1根以上。
(4)上述(3)的保温絮片，非织造纤维网的克重为8～25g/㎡。
(5)上述(3)的保温絮片，非织造纤维网由低熔点纤维和非低熔点纤维构成，且所述低熔点纤维的熔点为140℃以下。
(6)上述(5)的保温絮片，低熔点纤维为聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚乙烯纤维、聚丙烯纤维、聚乙烯/聚丙烯双组分复合纤维、聚酯/聚乙烯双组分复合纤维和聚酯/聚丙烯双组分复合纤维中的一种或多种。
(7)上述(5)的保温絮片，非低熔点纤维为聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维和再生纤维素纤维中的一种或多种。
(8)上述(3)的保温絮片，填充物为纤维球。
(9)上述(3)的保温絮片，填充物为开松棉。
(10)上述(3)的保温絮片，保温絮片是通过绗缝法形成固定点并将非织造纤维网以及填充物固定在一起。
(11)上述(3)的保温絮片，保温絮片是通过热压法形成固定点并将非织造纤维网以及填充物固定在一起。
(12)上述(3)的保温絮片，保温絮片是通过粘合剂附着法形成固定点并将非织造纤维网以及填充物固定在一起。
(13)上述(1)～(12)的保温絮片在服装、床上用品、户外用品、箱包、装饰材料中的应用。
本发明的保温絮片，包括两层以上非织造纤维网以及填充物，填充物分布在非织造纤维网之间，且填充物仅由非低熔点纤维构成，可以有效降低纤维熔融粘合的比率，大大提高保温絮片的压缩回弹性、柔软性以及蓬松度，特别适合用于 制作服装、床上用品(如被子、床垫、毯子等)、户外用品(如帐篷等)、箱包以及装饰材料(如保温材料、隔音材料等)等。
附图说明
图1为本发明直线绗缝法保温絮片的结构示意图。其中，1、2为非织造纤维网，3为填充物，4为固定点，5为非织造纤维网与填充物相接触一面上露出的纤维，6为相邻固定点间的距离。
图2为本发明超声波热压法保温絮片的结构示意图。其中，1、2为非织造纤维网，3为填充物，4为固定点，5为非织造纤维网与填充物相接触一面上露出的纤维，7为相邻固定点间的距离。
具体实施方式
对于本发明的保温絮片而言，非织造纤维网的设置、填充物的分布以及填充物的组成都是非常关键的。首先，如果不设置非织造纤维网，填充物在水洗过程中会发生明显的偏移、团聚、缠结等问题，因此，非织造纤维网的设置是非常必要的。非织造纤维网的层数没有特别限定，但要求至少两层，这样的话，填充物分布在两层非织造纤维网之间，既能够解决填充物容易偏移的问题，又不会影响絮片保温性的提高。其次，如果填充物中含有低熔点纤维，低熔点纤维经过热处理发生熔融粘合，与周围其他纤维粘连在一起形成粘结点，导致构成填充物的纤维的自由度降低，进而影响到保温絮片的柔软性、蓬松度以及压缩回弹性，因此，本发明中要求填充物仅由非低熔点纤维构成。
作为优选，保温絮片的非织造纤维网与填充物通过固定点固定在一起，这是考虑到非织造纤维网与填充物部分固定后，保温絮片中填充物的自由偏移空间变小，可以进一步改善洗涤偏移性。如果任意相邻固定点之间的距离小于4mm，虽然填充物的自由偏移空间足够小，但保温絮片的蓬松度和手感有下降的趋势。
作为优选，本发明中非织造纤维网与填充物相接触的一面上，每1cm 2区域中长度10mm以上的纤维数量为1根以上。这是考虑到，与填充物相接触的非织造纤维网一面上的10mm以上的纤维可以与填充物表面上的纤维产生有效纠缠，抑制填充物的偏移。进一步优选，非织造纤维网与填充物相接触的一面上，每1cm 2区域中长度10mm以上的纤维数量为5根以上。更优选，非织造纤维网与填充物相接触的一面上，每1cm 2区域中长度10mm以上的纤维数量为5～15根。
这里的长度10mm以上的纤维优选具有卷曲结构。纤维的卷曲率越大，纤维间的抱合力越好。本发明中具有卷曲结构的长度10mm以上的纤维能够与填充物表面露出的纤维很好地抱合在一起，阻止填充物的滑移以及团聚，而且具有卷曲结构的纤维可以有效提高非织造纤维网的蓬松性。
形成卷曲结构的方法没有特别限定，可以通过如下任一方法获得：(一)利用纤维的热塑性特征，由卷曲辊将具有一定张力和温度的丝束连续地送进卷曲箱内，通过卷曲辊的加压作用获得具有卷曲结构的长丝，再切断得到短纤维，优选其卷曲个数为3～18个/25mm、卷曲率为3％～14％；(二)利用截面不对称的异形喷丝孔和快速冷却的方法进行纺丝，在纤维中形成的内应力被保留在纤维中，转化成纤维的不对称张力，使每根单纤维都形成了明显的螺旋卷曲结构，经过后道拉伸定型工艺获得三维卷曲中空纤维，优选其卷曲个数为3～18个/25mm、卷曲率为5～15％；(三)将不同组分的聚合物经同一喷丝孔喷出形成单根纤维，由于各组分纤维的收缩率不同，松弛后的单纤维表现出高度的蓬松和卷曲，从而获得具有三维螺旋卷曲结构的纤维，优选其卷曲个数为3～20个/25mm、卷曲率为6～18％。
作为优选，所述非织造纤维网的克重为8～25g/㎡。当非织造纤维网的克重小于8g/㎡时，非织造纤维网偏薄、强度偏低，与填充物上的纤维之间的抱合力偏小，保温絮片的洗涤耐久性有下降的趋势；当非织造纤维网的克重大于25g/㎡时，在相同克重的保温絮片制品中填充物的量相对减少，保温絮片的柔软性和蓬松度有下降的趋势。
作为优选，形成所述非织造纤维网的纤维为低熔点纤维和非低熔点纤维，其中，所述低熔点纤维的熔点为140℃以下。优选，所述低熔点纤维的熔点为110℃～140℃，这是考虑到，低熔点纤维的熔点高于140℃的话，热风工艺能耗较大；而低熔点纤维的熔点低于110℃的话，有可能会影响到生产的稳定性。非低熔点纤维是指除了熔点在140℃以下的纤维以外的其他纤维，即除了低熔点纤维以外的所有纤维。
作为优选，所述低熔点纤维在非织造纤维网中的含量为10～50重量％。这是考虑到，同等条件下，如果低熔点纤维的含量小于10重量％的话，热处理后熔融粘结点较少，非织造纤维网与填充物之间的粘结牢度受到影响，洗涤耐久 性有下降的趋势；如果低熔点纤维的含量大于50重量％的话，热处理后熔融粘结点较多，保温絮片的手感有***的趋势。
本发明中，对低熔点纤维的种类没有特别限定，可以是单组分纤维，也可以是双组分复合纤维等。低熔点纤维可以是具有卷曲结构的纤维，也可以是不具有卷曲结构的常规纤维，其原料优选为聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚乙烯纤维、聚丙烯纤维、聚乙烯/聚丙烯双组分复合纤维、聚酯/聚乙烯双组分复合纤维和聚酯/聚丙烯双组分复合纤维中的一种或多种。这里的低熔点聚酯纤维、低熔点聚酰胺纤维是通过在聚合反应时加入第三组分进行改性得到的。考虑到聚酯/聚乙烯双组分复合纤维可以在相对低的加热条件下进行热粘合，对非织造纤维网的手感影响小，因此作为更优选。
考虑到低熔点纤维的纤度过低的话，非织造纤维网的断裂强度有降低的趋势；而低熔点纤维的纤度过高的话，热处理后非织造纤维网的单位面积中粘结点有减少的趋势，因此，优选低熔点纤维的纤度为1.0～3.0旦尼尔(D)。另外，考虑到梳理成网的效果，本发明中优选低熔点纤维的长度为32～64mm，更优选长度为38～51mm。
本发明中，非低熔点纤维的种类没有特别限定，优选为聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维和再生纤维素纤维中的一种或多种。这里的聚酯纤维优选为三维卷曲中空聚酯纤维。考虑到三维卷曲中空聚酯纤维的含量越高，非织造纤维网的蓬松性及压缩回弹性越好，三维卷曲中空聚酯纤维的含量优选为20～70重量％。这里的再生纤维素纤维没有特别限定，可以列举的是粘胶、莫代尔、竹纤维等。
本发明中，优选填充物为纤维球。这里的纤维球可以通过公知的技术获得，也可以是自行制作得到的。优选由两种或两种以上具有不同卷曲个数和卷曲率的纤维构成，通过纤维间的卷曲差异，不仅可以使纤维球具有更加柔软的手感以及更加优异的蓬松性，还可以使纤维球具有更加优异的压缩回弹性，实现可机洗的目的。本发明中，优选纤维球的蓬松度为300～600inch 3/30g。
本发明中，优选填充物为开松棉。开松棉具体是指在开棉机上将较大的原棉经过开松分解后得到的较小的纤维块或纤维束。开松棉降低了纤维原料单位体积的重量，使得填充物具有更加优异的蓬松性，并且在开松状态下纤维原料表面有更多的散纤维，更加容易与非织造纤维网上的露出纤维缠绕在一起，有 效防止填充物的偏移和团聚问题的发生，另外，开松棉的生产工序较短、成本也比较低。本发明中，优选开松棉的蓬松度为400～800inch 3/30g。
作为优选，本发明的保温絮片通过绗缝法形成固定点并将非织造纤维网以及填充物固定在一起。绗缝法一般采用多针绗缝机，不但操作简单方便，而且能保证保温絮片的蓬松性等性能。本发明中如果任意相邻固定点之间的距离小于4mm的话，即绗缝针迹过密的话，保温絮片的生产效率有下降的趋势，而且有可能会影响到保温絮片的手感，而如果任意相邻固定点之间的距离大于20mm的话,填充物的移动空间较大，有可能出现填充不匀以及填充物洗涤偏移大的问题。因此，本发明中通过绗缝法形成固定点时，优选任意相邻固定点之间的距离为4～20mm，更优选为4～10mm。另外，本发明中对绗缝针迹形成的形状没有特别的限定，可以是絮片长度方向上的直线或曲线，也可以是格子、圆形或其它不规则的形状。当然针迹可以是连续的也可以是非连续的。当绗缝针迹为直线时，考虑到相邻两根针迹之间的间距太窄的话，保温絮片的蓬松度有下降的趋势；而间距太宽的话，固定填充物的效果有下降的趋势。因此，作为优选，本发明中相邻针迹之间的宽度为50～200mm，更优选为50～100mm。
作为优选，本发明的保温絮片通过热压法形成固定点并将非织造纤维网以及填充物固定在一起。热压法优选为超声波热压法，其具体加工条件为：气压0.1～0.3MPa，电流0.4～0.8A，花轮压力1.5～3Kg，超声波功率1400～1600W。
作为优选，本发明的保温絮片通过粘合剂附着法形成固定点并将非织造纤维网以及填充物固定在一起。粘合剂附着法具体可以是通过辊涂、刮刀涂布、喷洒等方式将粘合剂施加到非织造纤维网上，冷却固化形成固定点。这里的粘合剂没有特别限定，可以是聚醋酸乙酯类粘合剂、丙烯酸类粘合剂等。
与绗缝法相比，热压法和粘合剂附着法的生产效率较高，而且形成的固定点较为牢固，本发明中通过热压法或粘合剂附着法形成固定点时，优选任意相邻固定点之间的距离为50～200mm，更优选为50～100mm。
此外，本发明还可以通过针刺或水刺等方式将非织造纤维网与填充物固定在一起，没有特别限定，根据需要进行选择即可。非织造纤维网、填充物以及绗缝的纤维原料可以相同，也可以不同，没有特别限定。
本发明的保温絮片的制造方法没有特别限定，可通过以下方法制得：先准备若干非织造纤维网以及填充物，再在絮片加工设备的下投料口喂入非织造纤维网1，然后在其上铺上填充物，接着在上投料口喂入非织造纤维网2，使填充物分布在非织造纤维网1、2之间，最后将非织造纤维网1、2以及填充物固定在一起得到本发明的保温絮片。非织造纤维网可以是单层，也可以是多层，根据需要选择即可。
下面结合实施例和比较例对本发明进行详细说明。
本发明所涉及的各项参数的测定方法如下：
(1)相邻固定点之间的距离
准备1块大小为50cm×50cm的样品，在自然无张力的状态下，将其固定在水平桌面上。在样品上任意选择两个相邻的固定点，将固定点的中心点作为端点，用直尺量出两端点之间的距离，一共测量10处得到10组数据，取平均值作为本发明中相邻固定点之间的距离。
(2)非织造纤维网上长度10mm以上的纤维根数的确认
a.取样
在无张力状态下轻轻地将非织造纤维网从保温絮片中分解出来，然后剪取长1cm×宽1cm的非织造纤维网作为测试样。
b.测量准备
测试样与填充物相接触的一面朝上放置并将测试样平整地粘贴在一张黑色卡纸上，并固定在水平桌面上。
c.测量
将在表面上露出来的纤维用镊子轻轻拉直，并用三角尺测量出其长度，统计出长度高于10mm的纤维的根数。读数时，注意视线与桌面上的卡纸保持水平。
d.计算
重复以上步骤，一共测10个样品，取平均值作为本发明中非织造纤维网上长度10mm以上的纤维根数。
(3)纤维熔点
从非织造纤维网或填充物中分解出2～3g短纤维作为待测样品，然后使用差示扫描量热仪DSC对样品进行测试，起始温度为30℃，升温速率为20℃/min，
最终温度为300℃。将得到的溶解吸热曲线中显示出极值(最高值)的温度作为纤维的熔点。
(4)纤维原料的种类
根据JIS L 1030-1：2012标准的第一部：纤维鉴别进行判定。具体举例如下：鉴别纤维原料属于天然纤维或者化学纤维，参照该标准中的6.1燃烧试验法；鉴别纤维原料属于具体哪一种天然纤维或化学纤维，参照该标准中的6.4显微镜试验法以及6.8红外吸收光谱试验法。
(5)填充物的洗涤偏移率
a.准备1片大小为30cm×30cm的保温絮片测试样以及JIS L 0803：2011标准中规定的标准白棉布，将测试样放在两层白棉布中间，测试样的经向与白棉布的经向平行，沿着白棉布的纬向进行绗缝，每条绗缝线间隔10cm，绗缝2条线，然后将四边进行缝合，得到一个正方形坐垫。按照同样的方法一共制作3个坐垫；
b.取其中1个坐垫，参照ISO 6330：2012(E)4M中规定的洗涤程序进行洗涤，洗涤后干燥程序选择“A-绳上晾干”。将经过洗涤的坐垫拆解开，得到3片洗涤后的保温絮片测试样。取其中1片平放在透明的玻璃平板上，用D65光源在玻璃平板下方垂直照射，利用普通数码相机在测试样上方进行拍照(相机与测试样平行)，然后打印照片，并在照片上手动画出有填充物的区域和无填充物的区域,将有填充物和无填充物的区域剪下来，分别称重并记为W1和W2。根据如下公式计算出洗涤偏移率：洗涤偏移率＝W1/(W1+W2)×100％；
c.按照同样的方法测量并计算出余下两个坐垫中保温絮片的洗涤偏移率，取平均值作为最终结果。洗涤偏移率数值越大，说明填充物偏移越多，洗涤耐久性越差。
(6)保温率
按照GB/T 35762-2017平板法进行测试。保温率数值越大，保温性越好。
(7)克重
在无张力状态下轻轻地将非织造纤维网从保温絮片中分解出来，剪取大小为50cm×50cm的非织造纤维网作为样品并称重并记录为m，样品的克重(g/㎡)＝m×4。按照上记步骤重复测三个样品的克重，取三次结果的平均值作为最终结果。同样的方法可以测试保温絮片的克重。
(8)保温絮片的蓬松度
参考FZ/T 64003-2011(附录A)的标准进行测试。
(9)压缩回复率
参考FZ/T 64003-2011(附录A)的标准进行测试。
(10)手感
通过10人对保温絮片进行感观评价，分为优、良、一般、差4个等级。其中，超过8人认为手感好则评定为优，6～7人认为手感好则评定为良、3～5人认为手感好则评定为一般、少于2人认为手感好则评定为差。
(11)纤维球、开松棉的蓬松度
a.从保温絮片中分解出30g纤维球(或开松棉)作为样品；
b.利用IDFB蓬松度试验机进行测试。先将样品轻轻抖一抖，再缓缓地放入测定筒里，放好后用木制搅拌棒搅拌5回，缓缓地放下荷重圆盘，当荷重圆盘与样品接触时，放开手，开始1分钟倒计时，1分钟后读取刻度尺的数据记为H 1(精确到0.1cm)，接着取出荷重圆盘，用搅拌棒搅拌5回，让其恢复蓬松，重复上述步骤测试3回，读取刻度尺的数据分别记为H 2、H 3，取3回的平均值记为H；
c.计算：蓬松度FP值＝39.73*H(单位：inch 3/30g)。FP数值越高，蓬松度越好。
下面结合实施例和比较例对本发明作进一步说明。
以下实施例以及比较例中所使用的纤维原料如下：
低熔点纤维1：低熔点聚酯纤维，熔点为120℃、纤度为2.0D、长度为51mm，东丽株式会社制；
低熔点纤维2：低熔点聚酯纤维，熔点为120℃、纤度为2.0D、长度为38mm，东丽株式会社制；
低熔点纤维3：低熔点聚乙烯纤维，熔点为110℃、纤度为3.0D、长度为51mm，东丽株式会社制；
低熔点纤维4：低熔点聚酯/聚乙烯双组分复合纤维，熔点为110℃、纤度为2.0D、长度为51mm，东丽株式会社制；
低熔点纤维5：低熔点聚乙烯纤维，熔点为110℃、纤度为1.0D、长度为32mm，东丽株式会社制；
非低熔点纤维1：经硅油处理的三维中空卷曲聚酯纤维，熔点为260℃、纤度为3.0D、长度为38mm、卷曲数为8个/25mm、卷曲率为10％、中空率为20％，东丽株式会社制；
非低熔点纤维2：经硅油处理的三维中空卷曲聚酰胺纤维，熔点为230℃、纤度为2.0D、长度为38mm、卷曲数为8个/25mm、卷曲率为13％、中空率为20％，东丽株式会社制；
非低熔点纤维3：粘胶纤维，纤度1.0D、长度51mm、卷曲数为4个/25mm、卷曲率为8％，日本大和纺织株式会社制。
实施例1
将非低熔点纤维1投入纤维成球机的进料口中，经过开纤、梳理、成球工程，制得蓬松度为450inch 3/30g的纤维球。
选用15kg低熔点纤维1以及35kg非低熔点纤维1，将前述两种纤维同时投入混棉机中，喂入速度20m/min，输出速度20m/min，经过混棉、开纤、梳理、热风法交叉铺网(压辊压力设定为50N)、烘箱熔融粘结(烘箱温度设定为150℃)等工程，制得克重为15g/m 2的非织造纤维网1、2。非织造纤维网1、2的一面上，每1cm 2区域中长度10mm以上的纤维根数为8根。
在絮片加工设备的下投料口喂入非织造纤维网1作为里层，在其上均匀地铺撒上述纤维球(铺撒克重为70g/㎡)，接着在上投料口喂入非织造纤维网2作为表层，使纤维球分布在非织造纤维网1、2之间。利用多针绗缝机沿长度方向直线方式绗缝将非织造纤维网1、2以及纤维球固定在一起，任意相邻固定点之间的距离为6mm，得到本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表1。
实施例2
绗缝时，任意相邻固定点之间的距离为3mm，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表1。
实施例3
形成非织造纤维网1、2时，原料选用15kg低熔点纤维2以及35kg非低熔点纤维1，交叉铺网工序中压辊压力设定为90N，制得的非织造纤维网1、2的一面上，每1cm 2区域中长度10mm以上的纤维数量为0根，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表1。
实施例4
在混棉机上，喂入速度10m/min，输出速度20m/min，制得的非织造纤维网1、2的克重为5g/m 2，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表1。
实施例5
选用50kg非低熔点纤维1通过水刺法(水刺压力为30×10 5Pa)制得非织造纤维网1、2，其一面上，每1cm 2区域中长度10mm以上的纤维数量为8根，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表1。
实施例6
选用羽绒作为填充物并将其铺撒在非织造纤维网1、2之间，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表1。
实施例7
使用无纺布针刺机进行针刺加工将非织造纤维网与纤维球固定在一起，针刺加工速度设定为10m/min，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表1。
实施例8
将非低熔点纤维1经过开松、梳理工程，制成蓬松度为620inch 3/30g的开松棉，用开松棉代替纤维球，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表1。
实施例9
在混棉机上，喂入速度15m/min，输出速度20m/min，制得的非织造纤维网1、2的克重为8g/m 2，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表1。
实施例10
将非低熔点纤维2投入纤维球机的进料口中，经过开纤、梳理、成球的加工工程，制得蓬松度为470inch 3/30g的纤维球。
选用17.5kg低熔点纤维3以及32.5kg非低熔点纤维1，将前述两种纤维同时投入混棉机中，喂入速度18m/min，输出速度20m/min，经过混棉、开纤、梳理、热风法交叉铺网(压辊压力设定为50N)、烘箱熔融粘结(烘箱温度设定为150℃)等加工工程，制得克重为10g/m 2的非织造纤维网1、2。非织造纤维网1、2的一面上，每1cm 2区域中长度10mm以上的纤维根数为8根。
在絮片加工设备的下投料口喂入非织造纤维网1作为里层，在其上均匀地铺撒上述纤维球(铺撒克重为70g/㎡)，接着在上投料口喂入非织造纤维网2作为表层，使纤维球分布在非织造纤维网1、2之间，利用超声波热压法将非织造纤 维网1、2以及纤维球固定在一起，超声波热压法的具体条件为：气压0.2MPa、电流0.5A、花轮压力1.5Kg、超声波功率1400W，任意相邻固定点之间的距离为100mm，制得本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表2。
实施例11
热风法交叉铺网工序中压辊压力设定为75N，制得非织造纤维网1、2的一面上，每1cm 2区域中长度10mm以上的纤维根数为4根，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表2。
实施例12
非织造纤维网1、2的原料选用30kg低熔点纤维1以及20kg非低熔点纤维1，其余同实施例8，制得本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表2。
实施例13
非织造纤维网1、2的原料选用15kg的低熔点纤维4以及35kg非低熔点纤维1，其余同实施例8，制得本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表2。
实施例14
非织造纤维网1、2的原料选用17.5kg低熔点纤维5以及32.5kg非低熔点纤维1，其余同实施例10，制得本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表2。
实施例15
选用8kg非低熔点纤维1和2kg非低熔点纤维3制成纤维球。
选用15kg低熔点纤维4、15kg非低熔点纤维1以及15kg非低熔点纤维3制成非织造纤维网1、2，其一面上，每1cm 2区域中长度10mm以上的纤维根数为6根。非织造纤维网1、2制造过程中，交叉铺网工序中的压辊压力设定为70N。
通过波浪纹绗缝法将非织造纤维网1、2和纤维球固定在一起，任意相邻固定点之间的距离为10mm，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表2。
实施例16
在涂胶机上，通过辊涂的方式在速度20m/分钟的条件下将10g/m 2的丙烯酸粘合剂(山东华昱化工科技有限公司制)施加到非织造纤维网1、2与纤维球接 触的一面上涂敷10g/m 2的丙烯酸粘合剂(山东华昱化工科技有限公司制)，接着经过温度为150℃的烘箱，最后冷却固化形成固定点，任意相邻固定点之间的距离为50mm，其余同实施例10，制得本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表2。
实施例17
热风法交叉铺网工序中压辊压力设定为80N，制得非织造纤维网1、2的一面上，每1cm 2区域中长度10mm以上的纤维根数为2根，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表2。
实施例18
在混棉机上，喂入速度30m/min，输出速度20m/min，制得的非织造纤维网1、2的克重为20g/m 2，其余同实施例8，制得本发明的保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表1。
将实施例1-18的保温絮片用于制作服装、床上用品、户外用品、箱包或装饰材料。
比较例1
选用3kg低熔点纤维3以及7kg非低熔点纤维1投入纤维球机的进料口中，经过开纤、梳理、成球工程，制得蓬松度为450inch 3/30g的纤维球。
纤维球分布在非织造纤维网1、2之间，不进行绗缝加工，直接利用烘箱对其进行加热处理，烘箱温度设定为150℃，其余同实施例1，制得保温絮片，具体参数以及评价结果见表2。
表1
Figure PCTCN2022111950-appb-000001
表2
Figure PCTCN2022111950-appb-000002
根据表1和表2，
(1)由实施例1与实施例2可知，同等条件下，任意相邻固定点之间的距离为6mm的保温絮片与任意相邻固定点之间的距离为3mm的保温絮片相比，两者的洗涤耐久性(洗涤偏移)相当，前者的压缩回弹性以及保温性略优于后者，而蓬松度以及手感则明显优于后者。
(2)由实施例17与实施例3可知，同等条件下，非织造纤维网与填充物相接触的一面上存在有2根/cm 2长纤维的保温絮片与非织造纤维网与填充物相接触的一面上存在有0根/cm 2长纤维的保温絮片相比，两者的蓬松度、压缩回弹性、保温性以及手感均相当，但前者的洗涤耐久性(洗涤偏移)优于后者。
(3)由实施例9与实施例4可知，同等条件下，由克重为8g/m 2的非织造纤维网制得的保温絮片与由克重为5g/m 2的非织造纤维网制得的保温絮片相比，两者的手感、蓬松度、压缩回弹性以及保温性均相当，但前者的洗涤耐久性(洗涤偏移)优于后者。
(4)由实施例1与实施例5可知，同等条件下，非织造纤维网由低熔点纤维和非低熔点纤维组成的保温絮片与非织造纤维网仅由非低熔点纤维组成的保温絮片相比，两者的手感相当，但前者的蓬松度、压缩回弹性、保温性以及洗涤耐久性(洗涤偏移)均优于后者。
(5)由实施例1与实施例6可知，同等条件下，填充物为纤维球的保温絮片与填充物为羽绒的保温絮片相比，两者的保温性和手感均相当，但前者的蓬松度、压缩回弹性以及洗涤耐久性(洗涤偏移)均优于后者。
(6)由实施例1与实施例7可知，同等条件下，直线绗缝法制得的保温絮片与针刺法制得的保温絮片相比，两者的保温性以及洗涤耐久性(洗涤偏移)均相当，而前者的蓬松度、压缩回弹性以及手感均明显优于后者。
(7)由实施例1与实施例11可知，同等条件下，非织造纤维网与填充物相接触的一面上存在有8根/cm 2长纤维的保温絮片与非织造纤维网与填充物相接触的一面上存在有4根/cm 2长纤维的保温絮片，两者的手感相当，前者的蓬松度、压缩回弹性以及保温性略优于后者，而洗涤耐久性(洗涤偏移)则明显优于后者。
(8)由实施例8与实施例12可知，同等条件下，使用低熔点纤维含量为30重量％的非织造纤维网制得的保温絮片与使用低熔点纤维含量为60重量％的非织造纤维网制得的保温絮片相比，两者的蓬松度、洗涤耐久性(洗涤偏移)、保温性 以及压缩回弹性均相当，但前者的手感比后者好。
(9)由比较例1和实施例1可知，同等条件下，使用由低熔点纤维和非低熔点纤维形成的纤维球制得的保温絮片与使用仅由非低熔点纤维形成的纤维球制得的保温絮片相比，前者的蓬松度、压缩回弹性、洗涤耐久性(洗涤偏移)、保温性以及手感都很差。

Claims (13)

  1. 保温絮片，包括2层以上非织造纤维网以及填充物，填充物分布在非织造纤维网之间，其特征是：所述填充物仅由非低熔点纤维构成。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的保温絮片，其特征是：所述非织造纤维网与所述填充物通过固定点固定在一起，且任意相邻固定点之间的距离为4mm以上。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的保温絮片，其特征是：所述非织造纤维网与所述填充物相接触的一面上，每1cm 2区域中长度10mm以上的纤维的数量为1根以上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的保温絮片，其特征是：所述非织造纤维网的克重为8～25g/m 2。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的保温絮片，其特征是：所述非织造纤维网由低熔点纤维和非低熔点纤维构成，且所述低熔点纤维的熔点为140℃以下。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的保温絮片，其特征是：所述低熔点纤维为聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚乙烯纤维、聚丙烯纤维、聚乙烯/聚丙烯双组分复合纤维、聚酯/聚乙烯双组分复合纤维和聚酯/聚丙烯双组分复合纤维中的一种或多种。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的保温絮片，其特征是：所述非低熔点纤维为聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维和再生纤维素纤维中的一种或多种。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的保温絮片，其特征是：所述填充物为纤维球。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的保温絮片，其特征是：所述填充物为开松棉。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的保温絮片，其特征是：所述保温絮片是通过绗缝法形成固定点并将非织造纤维网以及填充物固定在一起。
  11. 根据权利要求3所述的保温絮片，其特征是：所述保温絮片是通过热压法形成固定点并将非织造纤维网以及填充物固定在一起。
  12. 根据权利要求3所述的保温絮片，其特征是：所述保温絮片是通过粘合剂附着法形成固定点并将非织造纤维网以及填充物固定在一起。
  13. 权利要求1-12中任一项所述的保温絮片在服装、床上用品、户外用品、箱包、装饰材料中的应用。
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CN108085869A (zh) * 2017-12-21 2018-05-29 3M中国有限公司 保温絮片材料及其制备方法、保温制品
CN108914378A (zh) * 2018-08-21 2018-11-30 3M创新有限公司 一种保温絮片及其制备方法、保温制品

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