WO2023071072A1 - 具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀 - Google Patents

具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023071072A1
WO2023071072A1 PCT/CN2022/087017 CN2022087017W WO2023071072A1 WO 2023071072 A1 WO2023071072 A1 WO 2023071072A1 CN 2022087017 W CN2022087017 W CN 2022087017W WO 2023071072 A1 WO2023071072 A1 WO 2023071072A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sleeve
rod
cutter head
button
working section
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PCT/CN2022/087017
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张坤
王磊
刘柯
夏中贤
刘振中
骆威
Original Assignee
以诺康医疗科技（苏州）有限公司
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Publication of WO2023071072A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023071072A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/3201—Scissors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A61B2017/320082—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic for incising tissue

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an ultrasonic scissors with a single long-distance shearing effect.
  • the application of ultrasound in surgical operations is usually to convert and transmit ultrasonic energy into biological tissue, which generates thermal effects of mechanical vibrations to break tissue protein hydrogen bonds, protein denaturation and solidification, especially the use of mechanical and thermal energy generated by it to coagulate tissues, Hemostasis and cutting etc.
  • the ultrasonic generator (ultrasonic equipment host) generates high-frequency electric energy, and the high-frequency electric energy is converted into mechanical vibration energy through the transducer using piezoelectric material or electromagnetic compression material, and the vibration energy is amplified Transfer to the end of action (or the tip of the tool holder).
  • Ultrasonic scissors are currently the most commonly used surgical instruments in surgical operations. They have fast cutting speed, good hemostasis effect, simple operation, safety and convenience. Compared with the traditional use of mechanical scalpels, the use of ultrasonic scalpels in clinical practice can greatly shorten the operation time, reduce the amount of blood loss and blood transfusion of patients, thereby reducing complications and operation costs.
  • the length of the operating end is generally short, and the cutting distance at one time is relatively short, which brings great inconvenience to the operation, and if it is simply lengthened, the shearing strength will be insufficient because the cutting working end is relatively slender. , cannot be precisely cut.
  • the existing sleeve is directly sleeved on the outside of the waveguide, and the pivot angle between the sleeve and the elbow is small, so that the opening angle of the operating end is limited, which cannot adapt to thicker or more complex tissue structures, giving Operation brings great inconvenience. Therefore, how to increase the length of the operating end while ensuring its shear strength is an urgent problem to be solved at present.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a single long-distance ultrasonic scissors with a side tilting shearing function.
  • a single long-distance ultrasonic scissors with a side tilting shearing function comprising a first shaft member and a second shaft member, the first shaft member includes a first handle and a distal end of the first handle Elbow, the second shaft member includes a second handle, a sleeve arranged at the distal end of the second handle, and a waveguide rod inserted in the sleeve, the second handle
  • a hollow accommodation cavity is formed in the interior of the housing, and a transducer connected to the waveguide rod and a circuit board switch for controlling the energy of the transducer are built in the accommodation cavity, and the sleeve passes through the bend
  • the bending part of the head, and the overlapping parts of the two sides are pivotally connected by pins, so that the first shaft member and the second shaft member form a scissor structure; the cutter head of the waveguide rod is connected from the The port protrudes and extends forward in an arc shape, and the waveguide rod protrudes from the port of the s
  • the tail of the tube is provided with a through hole that deflects to the first side of the cutter head, and a pin is passed through the through hole so that the deflection of the waveguide rod is limited in the sleeve;
  • the distal end of the elbow is The working section with the same radian of the cutter head, the distal end of the inner cutting surface is closer to the inner surface of the working section of the working section than the proximal end thereof, and the first side of the inner cutting surface is closer to the inner surface of the working section than the second The side is closer to the inner surface of the working section; when shearing, the inner cutting surface and the distal end of the inner surface of the working section first contact, and under the deformation of the cutter head, the inner cutting surface and the inner surface of the working section From the distal end of the two to the proximal end of the two, and from the first side to the second side, they are gradually fitted tightly together.
  • the deflection angle ⁇ is set according to the following formula [1]:
  • Lb is the bending deflection of the waveguide rod
  • D1 is the distance between the center of rotation of the waveguide rod and the distal end of the cutter head
  • L b The value of L b is determined by the following formula [2]:
  • F is the shear pressure of the cutter head of the waveguide rod, the connection between the waveguide rod and the cutter head and supporting it is regarded as a fixed end, and L is the bending middle section of the cutter head to the connection
  • E is the modulus of elasticity of the waveguide rod cutter bar, and I is the moment of inertia of the waveguide rod cutter rod;
  • the I is valued by the following formula [3]:
  • D is the outer diameter of the cutter head of the waveguide rod.
  • the distance L is configured by the total length L' of the cutter head of the waveguide rod, the cutter head is curved, the first side of the cutter head is concave, and the second side of the cutter body is convex;
  • the total length L' of the cutter head satisfies the following formula:
  • a and y 2 are the coordinate coefficients of the reference point respectively, and the coordinates of the reference point are (-ay 2 , y 2 ), specifically, the ray generated with the cutter tip of the waveguide rod as the origin to the waveguide At the point of intersection of the shank of the bar, the ray is parallel to the tangent to the convex surface.
  • the axis of the pin coincides with the axis of the sleeve
  • the inner surface of the working section extends obliquely from its proximal end to its distal end, with a side inclination angle of 0.5°-2°, and the inner cutting surface and
  • the vertical distance between the proximal end of the inner surface of the working section and the axis of the cannula is greater than the vertical distance between the distal end of the inner surface and the axis of the cannula.
  • the axis of the pin does not coincide with the axis of the sleeve, and the axis of the pin is set close to the elbow; in the clamped state, the inner surface of the working section and the sleeve axis parallel.
  • an elastic pad is provided on the inner surface of the working section, a groove is provided at the axis of the inner surface of the working section, and the back of the elastic pad has a protrusion matching the groove, and the protrusion The part is clamped in the groove, and the surface of the elastic pad is serrated.
  • the sleeve is composed of a front sleeve and a rear sleeve, the rear sleeve is inserted from the tail end of the waveguide rod, and the through hole is arranged on the rear sleeve; the The front sleeve is inserted from the far end of the waveguide rod and fixedly connected with the rear sleeve, the connection between the front sleeve and the rear sleeve is provided with a limit hole, and the two sides of the bend of the elbow A hinge hole is provided, the limit hole is coaxial with the hinge hole, and the two ends of the pin are respectively penetrated in the hinge hole and the limit hole, so that the pipe sleeve and the elbow are pivotally connected.
  • a notch is provided at the junction of the front sleeve and/or the rear sleeve, and when the front sleeve and the rear sleeve are connected into one body, the notches are combined in pairs to form the limiting hole.
  • the interlocking button assembly electrically connected with the circuit board switch
  • the interlocking button assembly includes a first button, a second button and a connecting lever
  • the connecting lever includes at least a first connecting rod and a The second connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are connected, and the other end extends in the same direction, and the connecting lever takes the center point of the first connecting rod as a fulcrum
  • the first button and The second button is symmetrically arranged on the outer two ends of the first connecting rod relative to the fulcrum
  • the extension end of the second connecting rod is a contact rod
  • the contact rod is located between the two contact surfaces of the circuit board switch Between, the two contact surfaces are respectively connected to the first button or the second button through the connecting lever.
  • a supporting rod is provided between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, and both ends of the supporting rod are respectively connected to the central points of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod.
  • the interlocking button assembly includes a first button, a second button and a rocker arm assembly, and the rocker arm structure is formed by two abutting Composed of the first rocker arm and the second rocker arm, the first rocker arm is V-shaped, with a first arm and a first connecting arm extending outward from its first rotation center; the second rocker arm is Y-shaped, extending from its second rotation center with a second arm, a second connecting arm and a contact arm, the first button is arranged on the first arm, and the second button is arranged on the first Two arms, the inner surfaces of the extension ends of the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm abut against each other, the contact arm is located between the two contact surfaces of the circuit board switch, and the two contact surfaces pass through the two contact surfaces respectively.
  • the rocker arm assembly is connected to the first button or the second button.
  • the length of the cutter head is lengthened compared with the conventional length to meet the requirement of a longer cutting operation during one operation, and it extends in an arc shape to improve its overall strength, and the waveguide rod is deflected so that Due to its arc-shaped structure, the inner cutting surface makes the distal end closer to the inner surface of the working section relative to its proximal end, forming an inclined structure to ensure the close contact between the cutter head and the distal end of the working section, thereby ensuring the inner cutting surface and the working section
  • the tight fit between the inner surfaces of the segments ensures the smoothness and integrity of the shearing;
  • the inner surface of the working section is inclined, so that the distance between the inner surface of the working section and the distal end of the inner cutting surface is smaller, so as to further ensure that the two contact from the far end first when shearing, and ensure the shearing distance between the two. cut force;
  • the arc-shaped structure of the cutter head can be deformed to a certain extent, so that when clamping, the inner cutting surface and the distal end of the inner surface of the working section contact first, and then gradually realize the entire cutting along the first side to the second side.
  • the close contact between the inner cutting surface and the inner surface of the working section effectively ensures the close contact between the inner cutting surface and the inner surface of the working section, improving the stability and reliability of the operation.
  • Fig. 1 the front view of preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of the connecting levers in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 End view of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 partial top view of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 partial schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 A sectional view along line A-A in Figure 5;
  • Figures 6a-6d Schematic diagrams of the parameters of the deflection angle ⁇ in the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 partial schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 the schematic diagram of pin and elbow in the present invention.
  • Figure 10 a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the casing in the present invention.
  • Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the casing in the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the casing in the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 the sectional view of the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the connecting lever in Figure 13;
  • Figure 15 a sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 16 Schematic of the rocker arm assembly in Figure 15.
  • the present invention discloses a single-shot long-distance ultrasonic scissors with a side tilting shearing function, including a first shaft member and a second shaft member, the first shaft member includes a first hand-held part 4 and the elbow 1 arranged at the distal end of the first handle part 4, the second shaft member includes a second handle part 5, a sleeve 3 arranged at the distal end of the second handle part 5, The waveguide rod 2 pierced through the sleeve 3 .
  • a hollow accommodating chamber 100 is formed inside the second handle 5, and the accommodating chamber 100 is equipped with a transducer 6 connected to the waveguide rod 2 and a device for controlling the energy of the transducer 6.
  • the circuit board switch 7, the sleeve 3 passes through the bend of the elbow 1, and the overlap of the two sides is pivotally connected by a pin 8, so that the first shaft member and the second shaft member form a Scissor structure.
  • the cutter head 201 of the waveguide rod 2 protrudes from the port of the sleeve 3 and extends forward in an arc shape.
  • the deflection is limited in the sleeve 3, the through hole 9 is deflected by ⁇ degrees to the first side 2012 of the cutter head 201, the inner cutting surface 2011 of the cutter head 201 is from its second side 2013 to its first
  • the side 2012 is inclined; the far end of the elbow 1 is the working section 101 consistent with the radian of the cutter head 201, and the far end of the inner cutting surface 2011 is closer to the working section 101 than its proximal end.
  • Section inner surface 1011, the first side 2012 of the inner cutting surface 2011 is closer to the working section inner surface 1011 than the second side 2013; when shearing, the inner cutting surface 2011 and the working section inner surface 1011 The distal end contacts first, and under the deformation of the cutter head 201, the inner cutting surface 2011 and the inner surface 1011 of the working section move from the distal end to the proximal end, from the first side 2012 to the The second side 2013 is gradually fitted tightly.
  • FIG. 3 and Figure 6 there is a through hole 9 radially penetrating the axes of the two between the waveguide rod 2 and the sleeve 3, and a pin (not shown in the figure) is pierced in the through hole 9 out) to fasten the waveguide rod 2 and the sleeve 3, the through hole 9 deflects ⁇ degrees to the first side 2012 so that the waveguide rod 2 is deflected and arranged in the sleeve 3, and the inner cutting surface 2011 The distal end of is closer to the inner surface 1011 of the working section than the proximal end thereof.
  • the waveguide rod 2 is regarded as a cylindrical rod as a whole
  • the through hole 9 where the pin is installed is regarded as a fixed place
  • the middle section of the waveguide rod 2 is regarded as a place where a load is applied.
  • the deformation of the cutter head 201 is mainly caused by bending deflection deformation.
  • the rotation center of the waveguide rod 2 is taken as a circle point, and the distal end of the cutter head 201 is located on a circle centered on the rotation center, the cutter The deformation of the head 201 is equivalent to its rotation by a certain radian. If the waveguide 2 is installed in the opposite deflection direction, the deformation of the cutter head 201 during the shearing work can be offset to ensure that the inner cutting surface 2011 of the cutter head 201 fits closely with the tissue .
  • the cutter head 201 is regarded as a cylindrical rod cantilever as a whole, and the support between the cutter head 201 and the waveguide rod 2 is regarded as a fixed end, and the waveguide rod 2 is connected with the cutter head 201 and supports it.
  • the joint 202 of the cutter head 201 is regarded as a fixed end, and the middle part of the bending of the cutter head 201 is regarded as a place where a load is applied.
  • the amount of pre-rotation of the cutter head must not be less than the amount of bending deflection deformation, so as to ensure that the front end of the cutter head is always deformed during work, so that the inner cutting surface 2011 remains in close contact with the tissue. state.
  • the distance D1 from the center of rotation of the waveguide 2 to the distal end of the cutter head 201 is 13 mm, then
  • the deflection angle of the through hole 9 in the preferred embodiment is preferably 3° relative to its vertical line, and in other feasible embodiments, the deflection angle of the through hole 9 1°-5°.
  • the distance L is configured by the total length L' of the cutter head of the waveguide rod, the cutter head is curved, the first side of the cutter head is a concave surface, and the second side of the cutter body is a convex surface; the cutter head
  • the total length L' satisfies the following formula:
  • a and y 2 are the coordinate coefficients of the reference point respectively, and the coordinates of the reference point are (-ay 2 , y 2 ), specifically as shown in Figure 6d,
  • the length of the waveguide rod is L', the inner diameter is H, and the outer expansion radii of the waveguide rod are R and r respectively.
  • Point Q is the tangent point between the cutter rod and the tube 1. Take the point 1 is the origin of the coordinates, and the tool bar is placed flat, then the coordinates (x 2 , y 2 ) of point 2 are known, and the center point R, point r, and coordinates (x R , y R ) and ( x r , y r ) and radius R, r known,
  • a and b can be obtained simultaneously;
  • the coordinates of point 4' are (-ay 2 ,y 2 ),
  • the inner cutting surface 2011 Under the structural setting that the inner cutting surface 2011 deflects relative to the inner surface 1011 of the working section, the inner cutting surface 2011 will be inclined from its proximal end to its distal end relative to the inner surface 1011 of the working section due to its arc-shaped structure, and The arc-shaped structure of the cutter head 2011 can be deformed to a certain extent, so that when clamping, the inner cutting surface and the distal end of the inner surface of the working section contact first, and then gradually realize the entire surface along the extending direction of the two.
  • the close contact effectively ensures the close contact between the inner cutting surface 2011 and the inner surface 1011 of the working section, improving the stability and fluency of the operation.
  • the length of the cutter head 201 has been lengthened compared with the conventional length, so as to meet the operation requirement of a single cutting with a longer distance, facilitate the actual operation, and improve the operation efficiency and the fluency and integrity of the cutting. Since the cutter head 201 is relatively slender, its arc-shaped structure improves the rigidity of the cutter head 201, so that the distal end and the proximal end thereof have sufficient shearing force.
  • the axis of the pin 8 coincides with the axis of the sleeve 3, and the inner surface 1011 of the working section is far from its proximal end. The end extends obliquely, with a side inclination angle of 0.5°-2°.
  • the proximal end of the inner surface 1011 of the working section and the axis of the sleeve 3 The vertical distance between them is greater than the vertical distance between its distal end and the axis of the cannula 3 .
  • the second embodiment of the present invention As shown in Figure 7, it is the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that in the second embodiment, the axis of the pin 8 is different from the axis of the sleeve 3. overlap, and the axis of the pin 8 is set close to the elbow 1; in the clamped state, the inner surface 1011 of the working section is parallel to the axis of the sleeve 3.
  • the inner surface 1011 of the working section does not need to extend obliquely to shorten the distance between its distal end and the distal end of the inner cutting surface 2011, and the axis of the pin 8 and the sleeve
  • the distance between the axes of the tube 3 is within 0-1 mm, preferably 0.3 mm, and under the condition that the distance between the inner cutting surface 2011 and the inner surface 1011 of the working section is consistent, the second embodiment
  • the required opening angle between the first shaft member and the second shaft member is smaller, which can save more effort.
  • an elastic pad 14 is arranged on the inner surface 1011 of the working section, a groove 104 is arranged on the axis of the inner surface 1011 of the working section, and the back side of the elastic pad 14 has A protrusion (not shown in the figure) matching the groove 103, the protrusion is clamped in the groove 103, and the surface of the elastic pad 14 is serrated.
  • the elastic pad 14 is preferably made of silica gel material, and the sawtooth structure on its surface can play an anti-slip effect well, and protect the inner cutting surface 2011 and the inner surface 1011 of the working section.
  • the convex portion is engaged with the groove 103 so that the elastic pad 14 is easy to replace.
  • the sleeve 3 in the present invention is composed of a front sleeve 301 and a rear sleeve 302.
  • the rear sleeve 302 is inserted from the tail end of the waveguide rod 2 and connected to the waveguide through the positioning pin.
  • the rod 2 is fixed, the front sleeve 301 is inserted from the distal end of the waveguide rod 2 and fixedly connected to the rear sleeve 302, and the junction of the front sleeve 301 and the rear sleeve 302 is combined with a limited hole 303, hinge holes 102 are provided on both sides of the bend of the elbow 1, the limit hole 303 and the hinge hole 102 are coaxial, and the two ends of the pin 8 are respectively set through the hinge hole 102 And in the limit hole 303, so that the pipe sleeve 3 and the elbow 1 are pivotally connected.
  • the sleeve 3 is a divided pipe structure composed of the front sleeve 301 and the rear sleeve 302. On the one hand, it facilitates the installation of the waveguide 2.
  • the bit hole 303 is pivotally connected with the elbow 1, which is convenient for assembly and meets the requirement of a larger opening angle.
  • the inner end of the pin 8 is set in the limiting hole 303, and its outer end is set in the hinge hole 102, and the inner end diameter of the pin 8 is larger than the outer end diameter , forming a T shape with a stepped surface 801 abutting against the inner wall of the elbow 1 .
  • Such a structure makes the inner wall of the elbow 1 play a limiting role on the pin 8, prevents the pin 8 from falling from the hinge hole 102, and does not need other structures to position the pin, which facilitates assembly and simplifies the structure , saving costs.
  • the pin 8 may also have other suitable shapes.
  • gaps are respectively provided at the joints of the front sleeve 301 and the rear sleeve 302.
  • the two are combined to form the limiting hole 303 .
  • the notch can be in any suitable shape such as semicircle, arc, square, irregular, etc., which can make the limiting hole 303 match the inner end of the pin 8 .
  • the limiting hole 303 can also be set at the junction of the front sleeve 301 or the rear sleeve 302, and the limiting hole 303 can be in any shape such as circular, square, U-shaped, etc. the right shape.
  • the interlocking button assembly includes a first button 10, a second button 11 and a connecting lever 12, and the connecting lever 12 includes at least a first connecting rod 1201 and a second connecting rod 1202, One end of the first connecting rod 1201 and the second connecting rod 1202 are connected, and the other end extends in the same direction, and the connecting lever 12 takes the center point of the first connecting rod 1201 as a fulcrum 1203 , and the first button 10
  • the second button 11 is symmetrically arranged on the outer two ends of the first connecting rod 1201 relative to the fulcrum 1202, and the extension end of the second connecting rod 1202 is a contact rod 1203, and the contact rod 1203 is located on the circuit board Between the two contact surfaces 701 of the switch 7 , the two contact surfaces 701 are respectively connected to the first button 10 or the second button 11 through the connecting lever 12 .
  • a support rod is arranged between the first connecting rod 1201 and the second connecting rod 1202 1204 , the two ends of the support rod 1204 are respectively connected to the central points of the first connecting rod 1201 and the second connecting rod 1202 .
  • the interlocking button assembly includes a first button 10 and a second button 11 and a rocker arm assembly 13, the rocker arm
  • the structure is composed of two abutting first rocker arms and second rocker arms.
  • the first rocker arm is V-shaped, and a first arm 1302 and a first connecting arm extend outward from its first rotation center 1301.
  • the second rocker arm is Y-shaped, extending from its second rotation center 1304 with a second arm 1305, a second connecting arm 1306 and a contact arm 1307, and the first button 10 is set on the first On the support arm 1302, the second button 11 is arranged on the second support arm 1305, the inner surfaces of the extension ends of the first connecting arm 1303 and the second connecting arm 1306 abut against each other, and the contact arm 1307 is located on the Between the two contact surfaces 701 of the circuit board switch 7 , the two contact surfaces 701 are respectively connected to the first button 10 or the second button 11 through the rocker arm assembly 13 .
  • the setting of the interlocking button assembly satisfies the interlock between the first button 10 and the second button 11 on the one hand, so that the first button 10 and the second button 11 can switch between high and low working gears, and on the other hand increases the creepage distance , which meets the security setting requirements.

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Abstract

一种具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀，包括第一轴构件和第二轴构件，第一轴构件包括第一手持部（4）、弯头（1），第二轴构件包括第二手持部（5）、管套（3）、波导杆（2），第二手持部（5）内设有与波导杆（2）连接的换能器（6）和电路板开关（7），管套（3）穿过弯头（1）的折弯处，二者枢轴连接；波导杆（2）的刀头（201）从管套（3）的端口伸出并呈弧形向前延伸，并偏转设置于管套（3）内，弯头（1）的远端为与刀头（201）弧度一致的并可与之紧贴合的工作段（101）。增长刀头（201）的长度并使其呈弧形延伸，提高其整体的强度。将波导杆（2）偏转设置，使得刀头（201）的内切削面（2011）形成倾斜结构，保证刀头（201）和工作段（101）的远端之间的紧密接触，确保剪切的流畅性、完整性。

Description

具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，具体地涉及一种具有单次长距剪切效果的超声剪刀。
背景技术
超声在外科手术中的应用通常是将超声能量转换并传入生物组织，其产生机械振动的热效应使组织蛋白氢键断裂，蛋白质变性凝固，特别是利用其产生的机械能和热能对组织进行凝固、止血和切割等。在外科手术器械中，超声发生器(超声设备主机)产生高频电能量，通过换能器利用压电材料或电磁致压缩材料将高频电能量转换成机械的振动能量，并将振动能量放大传递到作用末端(或刀杆的刀头)。
超声剪刀目前已经是外科手术中最常用的手术器械，它切割速度快、止血效果好、操作简单、安全方便。与传统采用机械手术刀相比，在临床上采用超声刀可大大缩短手术时间，减少患者失血量及输血量，从而降低并发症及手术费用。
在现有的超声剪刀中，其操作端的长度一般较短，一次剪切距离较短，带来极大的操作不便，而如果单纯加长会因为剪切工作端较为纤细的原因导致剪切强度不够，无法精准剪切。另外现有的套管直接套设于波导杆外部，套管与弯头之间的枢转的角度较小，使得操作端的开口张开角度有限，无法适应较厚或较复杂的组织结构，给操作带来极大的不便。因此，如何提高操作端长度的同时保证其剪切强度是目前急需解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术存在的不足，提供一种具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案来实现：
一种具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀，包括第一轴构件和第二 轴构件，所述第一轴构件包括第一手持部和设置于所述第一手持部远端的弯头，所述第二轴构件包括第二手持部、设置于所述第二手持部远端的管套、穿设于所述管套内的波导杆，所述第二手持部的内部形成有中空的容置腔，所述容置腔内置有与所述波导杆连接的换能器、控制所述换能器能量大小的电路板开关，所述管套穿过所述弯头的折弯处，二者的两侧交叠处通过销钉枢轴连接，使得所述第一轴构件和第二轴构件形成剪式结构；所述波导杆的刀头从所述管套的端口伸出并呈弧形向前延伸，所述波导杆通过在位于所述所述波导杆的远端从所述管套的端口伸出并呈弧形向前延伸形成刀头，所述套管的尾部设有向所述刀头的第一侧偏转的通孔，所述通孔内穿设销钉以使得所述波导杆偏转限定于所述套管内；所述弯头的远端为与所述刀头弧度一致的工作段，所述内切削面的远端相比于其近端更靠近所述工作段的工作段内表面，所述内切削面的第一侧相比于第二侧更靠近所述工作段内表面；剪切时，所述内切削面和工作段内表面的远端先接触，并在所述刀头的形变下，所述内切削面和工作段内表面自二者的远端向二者近端、自所述第一侧向所述第二侧逐步紧贴合。
优选的，所述偏转角度δ的根据如下公式【1】设置：
Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-000001
其中：Lb为波导杆刀杆弯曲挠度；D1为所述波导杆的旋转中心至所述刀头的远端之间的距离，
所述L b由如下公式【2】取值：
Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-000002
其中，F为所述波导杆的刀头剪切压力，所述波导杆上与刀头连接并对其起到支撑的连接处视为固定端，L为刀头折弯中段至所述连接处的距离，E为波导杆刀杆弹性模量，I为波导杆刀杆惯性矩；
所述I由如下公式【3】取值：
Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-000003
其中，D为波导杆的刀头的外径。
优选的，所述距离L由波导杆的刀头总长L’所配置，所述刀头为弯曲状，所述刀头的第一侧为凹面，所述刀体的第二侧为凸面；所述刀头总长L’满足如下公式：
Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-000004
其中，a、y 2分别是参照点的坐标系数，该参照点坐标为(-ay 2,y 2)，具体为以所述波导杆的刀头刀尖为原点所产生的射线至所述波导杆的刀杆的相交点，该射线与所述凸面的相切线平行。
优选的，所述销钉的轴心与所述套管的轴线重合，所述工作段内表面自其近端向其远端倾斜延伸，侧倾角度0.5°-2°，所述内切削面与工作段内表面在非夹紧状态下，所述工作段内表面的近端与所述套管的轴线之间的垂直距离大于其远端与所述套管的轴线之间的垂直距离。
优选的，所述销钉的轴心与所述套管的轴线不重合，且所述销钉的轴心靠近所述弯头设置；夹紧状态下，所述工作段内表面与所述套管的轴线平行。
优选的，所述工作段内表面上设置有弹性垫，所述工作段内表面的轴线处设置有凹槽，所述弹性垫的背面具有与所述凹槽相匹配的凸部，所述凸部卡设于所述凹槽内，所述弹性垫的表面为锯齿状。
优选的，所述套管由前套管和后套管拼合而成，所述后套管自所述波导杆的尾端套入，所述通孔设置于所述后套管上；所述前套管自所述波导杆的远端套入并与所述后套管固接，所述前套管和后套管的连接处设有限位孔，所述弯头折弯处的两侧设置有铰接孔，所述限位孔和所述铰接孔共轴，所述销钉的两端分别穿设于所述铰接孔和限位孔内，使得所述管套和弯头枢轴连接。
优选的，所述前套管和/或后套管的连接处设置有缺口，当所述前套管 和后套管连接成一体时，所述缺口两两拼合形成所述限位孔。
优选的，还包括与所述电路板开关电联的互锁式按钮组件，所述互锁式按钮组件包括第一按钮和第二按钮和连接杠杆，所述连接杠杆至少包括第一连杆和第二连杆，所述第一连杆和第二连杆的一端相连，另一端同向延伸，且所述连接杠杆以所述第一连杆的中心点为支点，所述第一按钮和第二按钮相对所述支点对称设置于所述第一连杆的外侧两端，所述第二连杆的延伸端为接触杆，所述接触杆位于所述电路板开关的两个接触面之间，两个所述接触面分别通过所述连接杠杆连接第一按钮或第二按钮。
优选的，所述第一连杆和第二连杆之间设置有一支撑杆，所述支撑杆的两端分别连接于所述第一连杆和第二连杆的中心点。
优选的，还包括与所述电路板开关电联的互锁式按钮组件，所述互锁式按钮组件包括第一按钮和第二按钮和摇臂组件，所述摇臂结构由两个相抵接的第一摇臂和第二摇臂组成，所述第一摇臂为V字型，自其第一旋转中心向外延伸有第一支臂和第一连接臂；所述第二摇臂为Y字型，自其第二旋转中心延伸有第二支臂、第二连接臂和接触臂，所述第一按钮设置于所述第一支臂上，所述第二按钮设置于所述第二支臂，所述第一连接臂和第二连接臂的延伸端部内表面相抵接，所述接触臂位于所述电路板开关的两个接触面之间，两个所述接触面分别通过所述摇臂组件连接第一按钮或第二按钮。
本发明的有益效果主要体现在：
1、刀头的长度相比常规长度进行了加长，以适应手术过程中一次操作更长距离的剪切操作要求，并呈弧形延伸，提高其整体的强度，并将波导杆偏转设置，使得所述内切削面由于其弧形结构使远端相对其近端更靠近工作段内表面，形成倾斜结构，保证刀头和工作段的远端之间的紧密接触，从而保证内切削面和工作段内表面之间的紧密贴合，确保剪切的流畅性、完整性；
2、将工作段内表面倾斜设置，使得所述工作段内表面和内切削面的远端之间间距更小，进一步保证二者剪切时从远端先接触，保证 二者之间的剪切力；
3、将销钉偏向所述弯头一侧设置，使得工作段内表面不用倾斜即可缩短其和内切削面之间的间距，从而保证二者之间的剪切力；同时这样设置可以使得内切削面和工作段内表面之间的张开间距更大，来方便操作更厚或更复杂结构的组织，并更省力；
4、套管和弯头之间采取侧面穿设销钉的结构，使得套管和弯头之间的枢轴连接更加灵活，尽可能地扩大内切削面和工作段内表面的张开角度，来方便操作更厚或更复杂结构的组织；
5、刀头的弧形结构可以进行一定程度地形变，使得在夹紧时，所述内切削面和工作段内表面的远端先接触，再沿着第一侧向第二侧逐步实现整个面的紧贴，有效保证了内切削面和工作段内表面之间的紧贴，提高操作的稳定性和可靠性。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明技术方案作进一步说明：
图1：本发明优选实施例的主视图；
图2：图1中连接杠杆的示意图；
图3：本发明的端视图；
图4：本发明的部分俯视图；
图5：本发明第一实施例的部分示意图；
图6：图5中沿线A-A的剖视图；
图6a-6d：本发明偏转角度δ的参数示意图；
图7：本发明第二实施例的部分示意图；
图8：本发明中销钉和弯头的示意图；
图9：本发明的部分示意图；
图10：本发明中套管的第一实施例示意图；
图11：本发明中套管的第二实施例示意图；
图12：本发明中套管的第三实施例示意图；
图13：本发明第三实施例的剖视图；
图14：图13中的连接杠杆的示意图；
图15：本发明第四实施例的剖视图；
图16：图15中摇臂组件的示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图所示的具体实施方式对本发明进行详细描述。但这些实施方式并不限于本发明，本领域的普通技术人员根据这些实施方式所做出的结构、方法、或功能上的变换均包含在本发明的保护范围内。
在方案的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。并且，在方案的描述中，以操作人员为参照，靠近操作者的方向为近端，远离操作者的方向为远端。
如图1至图16所示，本发明揭示了一种具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀，包括第一轴构件和第二轴构件，所述第一轴构件包括第一手持部4和设置于所述第一手持部4远端的弯头1，所述第二轴构件包括第二手持部5、设置于所述第二手持部5远端的管套3、穿设于所述管套3内的波导杆2。
所述第二手持部5的内部形成有中空的容置腔100，所述容置腔100内置有与所述波导杆2连接的换能器6、控制所述换能器6能量大小的电路板开关7，所述管套3穿过所述弯头1的折弯处，二者的两侧交叠处通过销钉8枢轴连接，使得所述第一轴构件和第二轴构件形成剪式结构。
所述波导杆2的刀头201从所述管套3的端口伸出并呈弧形向前延伸，所述波导杆2通过在位于所述套管3尾部的通孔9内穿设销钉来偏转限定于所述套管3内，所述通孔9向所述刀头201的第一侧2012偏转δ度，所述刀头201的内切削面2011自其第二侧2013向其第一侧2012倾斜；所述弯 头1的远端为与所述刀头201弧度一致的工作段101，所述内切削面2011的远端相比于其近端更靠近所述工作段101的工作段内表面1011，所述内切削面2011的第一侧2012相比于第二侧2013更靠近所述工作段内表面1011；剪切时，所述内切削面2011和工作段内表面1011的远端先接触，并在所述刀头201的形变下，所述内切削面2011和工作段内表面1011自二者的远端向二者近端、自所述第一侧2012向所述第二侧2013逐步紧贴合。
具体的如图3和图6所示，所述波导杆2和管套3之间具有一径向贯穿二者轴线的通孔9，所述通孔9内穿设有销钉(图中未示出)来紧固所述波导杆2和管套3，所述通孔9向第一侧2012偏转δ度使得所述波导杆2偏转设置于所述套管3内，所述内切削面2011的远端相比于其近端更靠近所述工作段内表面1011。
结合图6a-6d，将所述波导杆2整体视为圆柱杆，销钉安装的通孔9处视为固定处，所述波导杆2的折弯中段视为施加载荷处，具体实验中，所述波导杆2的刀杆外径D＝2.6mm，刀杆剪切压力为F＝16N，力臂取刀杆折弯中段至旋转轴距离L a＝3.25mm，剪切模量为G＝35GPa，刀杆折弯中段至通孔9的距离为L＝70mm，则有
转角
Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-000005
其中抗扭截面系数为
Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-000006
计算得所述波导杆的刀杆的扭矩转角约为θ＝0.0008°，θ扭矩转角是所述波导杆2的刀杆在受力时绕自身扭转的角度，根据计算结果，θ扭矩转角特别小，故忽略不计。
所述刀头201的变形主要由弯曲挠度变形造成，在以所述波导杆2的旋转中心为圆点，所述刀头201的远端位于以所述旋转中心为圆心的圆周上来看，刀头201变形相当于其旋转一定弧度，如果将波导杆2以相反偏转方向安装，则可抵消刀头201在进行剪切工作时的变形，保证刀头201的内切削面2011和组织贴合紧密。
因此，将所述刀头201整体视为圆柱杆悬臂，所述刀头201与波导杆2之间的支撑处视为固定端，述波导杆2上与刀头201连接并对其起到支撑的连接处202视为固定端，所述刀头201的折弯中部视为施加载荷处，根据实 验具体数据，其中所述刀头201的外径D＝2.6mm，刀头201的剪切压力为F＝16N，弹性模量为E＝105GPa，刀头折弯中段至所述连接处202的距离L＝25mm，则波导杆刀杆弯曲挠度
Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-000007
其中I为波导杆刀杆惯性矩，惯性矩I为
Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-000008
计算得出所述刀头的弯曲挠度约为L b＝0.35mm。
参照图6c，所述刀头的预先旋转量不得小于其弯曲挠度变形量，才能保证在工作时所述刀头的前端始终存在变形，从而使内切削面2011保持与组织紧贴合的接触工作状态。在实验中，所述波导杆2的旋转中心至所述刀头201的远端之间的距离D1＝13mm，则有
刀头201的预先旋转角度
Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-000009
其中D1＝13mm，得δ≈3°，优选实施例中的所述通孔9相对于其垂线的偏转角度优选为3°，在其他可行的实施例中，所述通孔9的偏转角度为1°-5°。
所述距离L由波导杆的刀头总长L’所配置，所述刀头为弯曲状，所述刀头的第一侧为凹面，所述刀体的第二侧为凸面；所述刀头总长L’满足如下公式：
Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-000010
其中，a、y 2分别是参照点的坐标系数，该参照点坐标为(-ay 2,y 2)，具体如图6d所示，
波导杆长度为L’，内径为H，波导杆刀杆外扩半径分别为R和r，刀杆上有点1，点2，点3，点Q是刀杆和管1相切点，取点1为坐标原点，刀杆平放，则点2坐标(x 2，y 2)已知，刀杆外廓两个弧形的圆心点R、点r和坐标(x R，y R)、(x r，y r)及半径R、r已知，
过点1和点3的直线L1方程设为y＝a*x，则过点3和点Q的直线L2方程为
Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-000011
点1到直线L2距离为H，点R到直线L2距离为R，即
Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-000012
可联立求出a和b；
过点1和点4的直线L3方程为
Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-000013
过点2的水平直线L4方程为y＝y 2，当L3和L4相交在点4’时，点4’到点1的距离即为L’最小值，
其中点4’坐标为(-ay 2,y 2)，
Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-000014
在本例中，H＝5，R＝25，点R的坐标为(-15.3，-18.4)，代入上式求解，可得L’≈28。
在所述内切削面2011相对所述工作段内表面1011偏转的结构设置下，所述内切削面2011由于其弧形结构会自其近端向其远端相对工作段内表面1011倾斜，并且所述刀头2011的弧形结构可以进行一定程度地形变，使得在夹紧时，所述内切削面和工作段内表面的远端先接触，再沿着二者的延伸方向逐步实现整个面的紧贴，有效保证了所述内切削面2011和工作段内表面1011之间的紧贴，提高操作的稳定性和流畅性。
本发明为了满足更长距离的剪切要求，不小于18mm，优选20mm；其弧形直径为27-30mm，优选28mm(如上文的配置过程)。所述刀头201的长度相比常规长度进行了加长，这样可以适应单次剪切更长距离的操作要求，方便实际操作，提高操作效率和剪切的流畅性、完整性。由于所述刀头201较为细长，其弧形的结构设置提高了所述刀头201的刚性，使其远端至其近端均具有足够的剪切力。
如图5所示为本发明的第一实施例，第一实施例中所述销钉8的轴心与所述套管3的轴线重合，所述工作段内表面1011自其近端向其远端倾斜延伸，侧倾角度0.5°-2°，所述内切削面2011与工作段内表面1011在非夹紧状态下，所述工作段内表面1011的近端与所述套管3的轴线之间的垂直距离大于其远端与所述套管3的轴线之间的垂直距离。这样进一步缩短了所述内切削面2011和工作段内表面1011的远端之间的间距，使得夹紧剪 切时，所述内切削面2011和工作段内表面1011自二者的远端向二者的近端沿二者的延伸方向逐步贴合夹紧，有效保证所述内切削面2011和工作段内表面1011二者的远端也具有足够的剪切力，不会出现二者远端不贴合的现象。
如图7所示为本发明的第二实施例，第二实施例与第一实施例的区别在于：在第二实施例中，所述销钉8的轴心与所述套管3的轴线不重合，且所述销钉8的轴心靠近所述弯头1设置；夹紧状态下，所述工作段内表面1011与所述套管3的轴线平行。在第二实施例中，所述工作段内表面1011不需要倾斜延伸即可缩短其远端与所述内切削面2011的远端之间的间距，所述销钉8的轴心与所述套管3的轴线之间的间距在0-1mm内，优选为0.3mm，并且在所述内切削面2011和工作段内表面1011的远端间距一致的情况下，第二实施例中的所述第一轴构件和第二轴构件之间所需的张开角度更小，可以更省力。
如图4、图5、图9所示，所述工作段内表面1011上设置有弹性垫14，所述工作段内表面1011的轴线处设置有凹槽104，所述弹性垫14的背面具有与所述凹槽103相匹配的凸部(图中未示出)，所述凸部卡设于所述凹槽103内，所述弹性垫14的表面为锯齿状。所述弹性垫14优选为硅胶材质制成，其表面的锯齿结构可以很好地起到防滑作用，并保护所述内切削面2011和工作段内表面1011，所述弹性垫14通过其背面的凸部与凹槽103卡设，使得弹性垫14便于更换。
本发明中的所述套管3由前套管301和后套管302拼合而成，所述后套管302自所述波导杆2的尾端套入并通过所述定位销与所述波导杆2固定，所述前套管301自所述波导杆2的远端套入并与所述后套管302固接，所述前套管301和后套管302的连接处拼合有限位孔303，所述弯头1折弯处的两侧设置有铰接孔102，所述限位孔303和所述铰接孔102共轴，所述销钉8的两端分别穿设于所述铰接孔102和限位孔303内，使得所述管套3和弯头1枢轴连接。所述套管3由所述前套管301和后套管302组成的分管式结构，一方面便于波导杆2的安装，一方面所述前套管301和后套管302的连 接处设置限位孔303来与所述弯头1进行枢轴连接，便于组装和满足更大张开角度的要求。
进一步的如图8所示，所述销钉8的内端设置于所述限位孔303内，其外端设置于所述铰接孔102，且所述销钉8的内端直径大于其外端直径，形成具有台阶面801的T字型，所述台阶面801与所述弯头1的内壁抵接。这样的结构使得所述弯头1的内壁对所述销钉8起到限位作用，避免所述销钉8从所述铰接孔102掉落，并且无需其他结构来定位销钉，便于组装并精简了结构，节约了成本。在其他可行的实施例中，所述销钉8也可以是其他合适的形状。
如图10和图11所示，所述前套管301和后套管302的连接处分别相对设置有缺口，当所述前套管301和后套管302连接成一体时，所述缺口两两拼合形成所述限位孔303。所述缺口可以是半圆形、弧形、方形、不规则形等任意合适的可以使所述限位孔303与所述销钉8的内端相匹配的形状。
进一步的如图12所示，所述限位孔303也可以设置于所述前套管301或后套管302的连接处，所述限位孔303可以是圆形、方形、U型等任意合适的形状。
如图1、图2所示，所述互锁式按钮组件包括第一按钮10和第二按钮11和连接杠杆12，所述连接杠杆12至少包括第一连杆1201和第二连杆1202，所述第一连杆1201和第二连杆1202的一端相连，另一端同向延伸，且所述连接杠杆12以所述第一连杆1201的中心点为支点1203，所述第一按钮10和第二按钮11相对所述支点1202对称设置于所述第一连杆1201的外侧两端，所述第二连杆1202的延伸端为接触杆1203，所述接触杆1203位于所述电路板开关7的两个接触面701之间，两个所述接触面701分别通过所述连接杠杆12连接第一按钮10或第二按钮11。
如图13、图14所示，为了进一步提高所述第一连杆1201和第二连杆1202之间的同步性，所述第一连杆1201和第二连杆1202之间设置有一支撑杆1204，所述支撑杆1204的两端分别连接于所述第一连杆1201和第二连杆1202的中心点。
如图15、图16所示是所述互锁式按钮组件的另一种实施例，所述互锁式按钮组件包括第一按钮10和第二按钮11和摇臂组件13，所述摇臂结构由两个相抵接的第一摇臂和第二摇臂组成，所述第一摇臂为V字型，自其第一旋转中心1301向外延伸有第一支臂1302和第一连接臂1303；所述第二摇臂为Y字型，自其第二旋转中心1304延伸有第二支臂1305、第二连接臂1306和接触臂1307，所述第一按钮10设置于所述第一支臂1302上，所述第二按钮11设置于所述第二支臂1305，所述第一连接臂1303和第二连接臂1306的延伸端部内表面相抵接，所述接触臂1307位于所述电路板开关7的两个接触面701之间，两个所述接触面701分别通过所述摇臂组件13连接第一按钮10或第二按钮11。
互锁式按钮组件的设置一方面满足第一按钮10和第二按钮11之间的互锁，使得第一按钮10和第二按钮11可以切换高低工作挡位，另一方面增加了爬电距离，满足了安全设置要求。
应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施方式中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
上文所列出的一系列的详细说明仅仅是针对本发明的可行性实施方式的具体说明，它们并非用以限制本发明的保护范围，凡未脱离本发明技艺精神所作的等效实施方式或变更均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

  1. 具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀，其特征在于：包括第一轴构件和第二轴构件，所述第一轴构件包括第一手持部(4)和设置于所述第一手持部(4)远端的弯头(1)，所述第二轴构件包括第二手持部(5)、设置于所述第二手持部(5)远端的管套(3)、穿设于所述管套(3)内的波导杆(2)，所述第二手持部(5)的内部形成有中空的容置腔(100)，所述容置腔(100)内置有与所述波导杆(2)连接的换能器(6)、控制所述换能器(6)能量大小的电路板开关(7)，所述管套(3)穿过所述弯头(1)的折弯处，二者的两侧交叠处通过销钉(8)枢轴连接，使得所述第一轴构件和第二轴构件形成剪式结构；所述波导杆(2)的刀头(201)从所述管套(3)的端口伸出并呈弧形向前延伸，所述波导杆(2)通过在位于所述套管(3)尾部的通孔(9)内穿设销钉来偏转限定于所述套管(3)内，所述通孔(9)向所述刀头(201)的第一侧(2012)偏转δ度，所述刀头(201)的内切削面(2011)自第二侧(2013)向第一侧(2012)倾斜；所述弯头(1)的远端具有与所述刀头(201)弧度一致的工作段(101)，所述内切削面(2011)的远端相比于其近端更靠近所述工作段(101)的工作段内表面(1011)，所述内切削面(2011)的第一侧(2012)相比于第二侧(2013)更靠近所述工作段内表面(1011)；剪切时，所述内切削面(2011)和工作段内表面(1011)的远端先接触，并在所述刀头(201)的形变下，所述内切削面(2011)和工作段内表面(1011)自二者的远端向二者近端、自所述第一侧(2012)向所述第二侧(2013)逐步紧贴合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀，其特征在于：所述偏转角度δ的根据如下公式【1】设置：
    Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-100001
    其中：Lb为波导杆刀杆弯曲挠度；D1为所述波导杆(2)的旋转中心 至所述刀头(201)的远端之间的距离，
    所述L b由如下公式【2】取值：
    Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-100002
    其中，F为所述波导杆(2)的刀头(201)剪切压力，所述波导杆(2)上与刀头(201)连接并对其起到支撑的连接处(202)视为固定端，L为刀头(201)折弯中段至所述连接处(202)的距离，E为波导杆刀杆弹性模量，I为波导杆刀杆惯性矩；
    所述I由如下公式【3】取值：
    Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-100003
    其中，D为波导杆(2)的刀头(201)的外径。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀，其特征在于：所述距离L由波导杆(2)的刀头总长L’所配置，所述刀头(201)为弯曲状，所述刀头(201)的第一侧(2012)为凹面，所述刀体(201)的第二侧(2013)为凸面；所述刀头总长L’满足如下公式：
    Figure PCTCN2022087017-appb-100004
    其中，a、y 2分别是参照点的坐标系数，该参照点坐标为(-ay 2,y 2)，具体为以所述波导杆(2)的刀头(201)的刀尖为原点所产生的射线至所述波导杆(2)的刀杆(201)的相交点，该射线与所述第二侧(2013)的相切线平行。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀，其特征在于：所述销钉(8)的轴心与所述套管(3)的轴线重合，所述工作段内表面(1011)自其近端向其远端倾斜延伸，侧倾角度0.5°-2°，所述内切削面(2011)与工作段内表面(1011)非夹紧状态下，所述工作段内 表面(1011)的近端与所述套管(3)的轴线之间的垂直距离大于其远端与所述套管(3)的轴线之间的垂直距离。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀，其特征在于：所述销钉(8)的轴心与所述套管(3)的轴线不重合，且所述销钉(8)的轴心靠近所述弯头(1)设置；夹紧状态下，所述工作段内表面(1011)与所述套管(3)的轴线平行。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀，其特征在于：所述工作段内表面(1011)上设置有弹性垫(14)，所述工作段内表面(1011)的轴线处设置有凹槽(104)，所述弹性垫(14)的背面具有与所述凹槽(103)相匹配的凸部，所述凸部卡设于所述凹槽(103)内，所述弹性垫(14)的表面为锯齿状。
  7. 根据权利要求4或5所述的具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀，其特征在于：所述套管(3)由前套管(301)和后套管(302)拼合而成，所述后套管(302)自所述波导杆(2)的尾端套入，所述通孔(9)设置于所述后套管(302)上；所述前套管(301)自所述波导杆(2)的远端套入并与所述后套管(302)固接，所述前套管(301)和后套管(302)的连接处设有限位孔(303)，所述弯头(1)折弯处的两侧设置有铰接孔(102)，所述限位孔(303)和所述铰接孔(102)共轴，所述销钉(8)的两端分别穿设于所述铰接孔(102)和限位孔(303)内，使得所述管套(3)和弯头(1)枢轴连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀，其特征在于：所述前套管(301)和/或后套管(302)的连接处设置有缺口，当所述前套管(301)和后套管(302)连接成一体时，所述缺口两两拼合形成所述限位孔(303)。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀，其特征在于：还包括与所述电路板开关(7)电联的互锁式按钮组件，所述互锁式按钮组件包括第一按钮(10)和第二按钮(11)和连接杠杆(12)，所述连接杠杆(12)至少包括第一连杆(1201)和第二连杆(1202)，所述第一连杆(1201)和第二连杆(1202)的一端相连，另一端同向延伸，且所述连接杠杆(12)以所述第一连杆(1201)的中心点为支点(1203)，所述第一按钮(10)和第二按钮(11)相对所述支点(1202)对称设置于所述第一连杆(1201)的外侧两端，所述第二连杆(1202)的延伸端为接触杆(1203)，所述接触杆(1203)位于所述电路板开关(7)的两个接触面(701)之间，两个所述接触面(701)分别通过所述连接杠杆(12)连接第一按钮(10)或第二按钮(11)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀，其特征在于：所述第一连杆(1201)和第二连杆(1202)之间设置有一支撑杆(1204)，所述支撑杆(1204)的两端分别连接于所述第一连杆(1201)和第二连杆(1202)的中心点。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的具有侧倾剪切功能的单次长距超声剪刀，其特征在于：还包括与所述电路板开关(7)电联的互锁式按钮组件，所述互锁式按钮组件包括第一按钮(10)和第二按钮(11)和摇臂组件(13)，所述摇臂结构由两个相抵接的第一摇臂和第二摇臂组成，所述第一摇臂为V字型，自其第一旋转中心(1301)向外延伸有第一支臂(1302)和第一连接臂(1303)；所述第二摇臂为Y字型，自其第二旋转中心(1304)延伸有第二支臂(1305)、第二连接臂(1306)和接触臂(1307)，所述第一按钮(10)设置于所述第一支臂(1302)上，所述第二按钮(11)设置于所述第二支臂(1305)，所述第一连接臂(1303)和第二连接臂(1306)的延伸端部内表面相抵接，所述接触臂(1307)位于所述电路板开关(7)的两 个接触面(701)之间，两个所述接触面(701)分别通过所述摇臂组件(13)连接第一按钮(10)或第二按钮(11)。
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