WO2023048255A1 - ポリエステル樹脂 - Google Patents
ポリエステル樹脂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023048255A1 WO2023048255A1 PCT/JP2022/035458 JP2022035458W WO2023048255A1 WO 2023048255 A1 WO2023048255 A1 WO 2023048255A1 JP 2022035458 W JP2022035458 W JP 2022035458W WO 2023048255 A1 WO2023048255 A1 WO 2023048255A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polyester resin
- group
- acid
- butanediol
- mass
- Prior art date
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- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 104
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 32
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 31
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 28
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 16
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 12
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 8
- WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl terephthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OC)C=C1 WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 7
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229940119177 germanium dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HDYRYUINDGQKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M acetyloxyaluminum;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.CC(=O)O[Al] HDYRYUINDGQKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229940009827 aluminum acetate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002905 orthoesters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006085 branching agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010102 injection blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
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- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GJDRKHHGPHLVNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-(diethoxyphosphorylmethyl)phenol Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 GJDRKHHGPHLVNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxybutyric acid Chemical compound CC(O)CC(O)=O WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- URFNSYWAGGETFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Dihydroxybibenzyl Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 URFNSYWAGGETFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WXNZTHHGJRFXKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 WXNZTHHGJRFXKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-valerolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCO1 OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MXTOFRMIIQQSOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCC[CH2-].CCC[CH2-].CCC[CH2-].CCC[CH2-] MXTOFRMIIQQSOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PFURGBBHAOXLIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1O PFURGBBHAOXLIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GHLKSLMMWAKNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1,12-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCCCO GHLKSLMMWAKNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002291 germanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000040 m-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001037 p-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229940090668 parachlorophenol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical class O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pimelic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(O)=O WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037048 polymerization activity Effects 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PVHCWKRXUOYBKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-hydroxyphenyl)-phenylphosphinic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1P(O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PVHCWKRXUOYBKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIDVLWDHYNWHMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-hydroxyphenyl)phosphonic acid Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(P(O)(O)=O)C=C1 YIDVLWDHYNWHMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-ol Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(O)C(F)(F)F BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CEGRHPCDLKAHJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-propanetricarboxylic acid Chemical compound CCC(C(O)=O)(C(O)=O)C(O)=O CEGRHPCDLKAHJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWEYKIWAZBBXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylene Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=C(Cl)Cl)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OWEYKIWAZBBXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940058015 1,3-butylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PXGZQGDTEZPERC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCC(C(O)=O)CC1 PXGZQGDTEZPERC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHDRADPXNRULGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C21 CHDRADPXNRULGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABMFBCRYHDZLRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C1 ABMFBCRYHDZLRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DFFZOPXDTCDZDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,5-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1C(O)=O DFFZOPXDTCDZDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZZQNEVOYIYFPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,6-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 FZZQNEVOYIYFPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPUMVKJOWWJPRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 WPUMVKJOWWJPRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- BNJOQKFENDDGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O BNJOQKFENDDGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WLJNZVDCPSBLRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pamoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=C(C=3O)C(=O)O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=CC2=C1 WLJNZVDCPSBLRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003538 pentan-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HKJYVRJHDIPMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound CCCO[Ti](OCCC)(OCCC)OCCC HKJYVRJHDIPMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000380 propiolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003548 sec-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HQHCYKULIHKCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O HQHCYKULIHKCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940073455 tetraethylammonium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003628 tricarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/20—Polyesters having been prepared in the presence of compounds having one reactive group or more than two reactive groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/181—Acids containing aromatic rings
- C08G63/183—Terephthalic acids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyester resin that provides molded articles with excellent moldability, transparency, mechanical properties, heat resistance, thermal oxidation stability, and chemical resistance. Specifically, the present invention improves moldability in extrusion molding, profile extrusion molding, direct blow molding, inflation molding, injection blow molding, and calendering molding that require high melt tension, and also provides transparency, heat resistance, The present invention relates to a polyester resin that achieves improvements in mechanical properties, heat and oxidation stability, and chemical resistance.
- polyester resins for example, crystalline polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) are used for heat-resistant parts by injection molding, films, sheets, and the like by extrusion molding. Blow-molded beverage bottles, melt-spun fibers, etc. are also used in various melt-molded products.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- the present invention has been made against the background of such problems of the prior art, and the objects of the present invention are gelation suppression, moldability, surface smoothness, transparency, mechanical properties, heat resistance, heat-oxidation stability,
- An object of the present invention is to provide a polyester resin which gives a molded article having excellent chemical resistance.
- the present invention is excellent in gelation suppression, surface smoothness, transparency, mechanical properties, heat resistance, thermal oxidation stability, and chemical resistance, and is used for extrusion molding and deformed molding that require high melt tension.
- a polyester resin capable of producing a molded article having excellent moldability in extrusion molding, direct blow molding, inflation molding, injection blow molding and calendering molding.
- the present invention has the following configurations.
- [1] Contains terephthalic acid as a dicarboxylic acid component, ethylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol as an alcohol component, and a compound represented by the following formula (I) as constituent components, and terephthalic acid is 85 to 85% in the dicarboxylic acid component.
- 1,4-butanediol is 85 to 100 mol% with respect to the total amount of ethylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol
- the compound represented by the following formula (I) has an alcohol component of 100 mass. 0.001 to 5% by mass of polyester resin.
- the molded article of the polyester resin excellent in gelation suppression, moldability, surface smoothness, transparency, mechanical property, heat resistance, thermal oxidation stability, and chemical resistance is obtained.
- the moldability is excellent in extrusion molding, profile extrusion molding, direct blow molding, inflation molding, injection blow molding, and calendering molding, which require higher melt tension than conventional molding.
- polyester resin of the present invention contains terephthalic acid as a dicarboxylic acid component, ethylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol as an alcohol component, and a compound represented by the following formula (I) as constituent components, and terephthalic acid is a dicarboxylic acid.
- a compound represented by the following formula (I), which is 85 to 100 mol% in the acid component and contains 85 to 100 mol% of 1,4-butanediol with respect to the total amount of ethylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol. is a polyester resin that is 0.001 to 5% by mass in 100% by mass of the alcohol component.
- R 1 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms
- R 2 , R 3 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms
- R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 5 represents a monool having 4 carbon atoms (CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH).
- the polyester resin of the present invention contains a polymer of a predetermined dicarboxylic acid component and an alcohol component, and is characterized by containing a predetermined amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) as the alcohol component.
- the compound represented by formula (I) is a branching agent for polyester resins, and is used together with a commonly used diol component.
- the compound represented by the formula (I) has two or more functional groups (hydroxyl groups) per molecule that can react with the carboxyl groups of the dicarboxylic acid component, and the polyester resin has a partially branched structure as a whole. can be introduced into
- the polyester resin of the present invention uses the compound represented by formula (I), it is possible to suppress gelation, and during melt extrusion, the melt tension decreases as the temperature increases. In addition, since the melt viscosity decreases under high shear, melt fracture does not occur during molding. will also be superior.
- R 1 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms
- R 2 , R 3 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms
- R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 5 represents a monool having 4 carbon atoms (CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH).
- R 1 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R 1 include phenyl group, o-tolyl group, m-tolyl group, p-tolyl group, 2-ethylphenyl group, 3-ethylphenyl group, 4-ethylphenyl group, 2,3-dimethylphenyl group, 2,4-dimethylphenyl group, 2,5-dimethylphenyl group, 2,6-dimethylphenyl group, 3,4-dimethylphenyl group, 3,5- dimethylphenyl group, 4-vinylphenyl group, o-isopropylphenyl group, m-isopropylphenyl group, p-isopropylphenyl group, o-tert-butylphenyl group, m-tert-butylphenyl group, p-tert-butylphenyl group, 3,5-di(tert-butyl)phenyl group, 3,5-d
- the number of carbon atoms in the aromatic hydrocarbon group is preferably 6-18, more preferably 6-15, still more preferably 6-12.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon group is particularly preferably a phenyl group, an o-tolyl group, an m-tolyl group, or a p-tolyl group, most preferably a phenyl group.
- R 2 , R 3 and R 4 represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms represented by R 2 , R 3 and R 4 include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, nonyl group, a linear alkyl group such as a decyl group; isopropyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, 2-ethylbutyl group, 3,3-dimethylbutyl group, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl group, 1-methylbutyl group, 1-ethyl propyl group, 3-methylbutyl group, neopentyl group, 1,1-dimethylpropyl group, 2-methylpentyl group, 3-ethylpentyl group, 1,3-dimethylbutyl group, 2-propylpentyl group, 1-ethyl-1 , 2-
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is preferably 1-8, more preferably 1-6, and still more preferably 1-4.
- the alkyl group is particularly preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, or a butyl group, most preferably a methyl group.
- R 2 and R 3 are preferably C 1-10 alkyl groups, and R 4 is preferably a hydrogen atom.
- R 5 is a monool having 4 carbon atoms, that is, "CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH", which is a 4-hydroxybutyl group.
- l, m, and n are the ratios of the following copolymer components (L), (M), and (N) contained in one molecule, and the average number of each component contained in one molecule is Below is a value (ratio) expressed as an integer by rounding off to the nearest digit. The ratio and average number of each component contained in one molecule were obtained from 1 H-NMR analysis and 13 C-NMR analysis.
- Each of m and n which may be the same or different, represents an integer of 1-1000, preferably an integer of 2-800, more preferably an integer of 5-600, still more preferably an integer of 10-400.
- l is an integer of 0-1000, preferably an integer of 1-700, more preferably an integer of 2-400, and still more preferably an integer of 5-100.
- the compound represented by formula (I) is a random copolymer obtained by randomly copolymerizing the copolymer components (L), (M), and (N), the copolymer components (L), ( A block copolymer in which at least one component of M) and (N) is a block may be used, but a random copolymer is preferable.
- the polyester resin of the present invention may be one or more polyester resins as long as the above m, n, and l are satisfied.
- Compounds of formula (I) can be prepared in two gallons of free-radical continuous water, see, for example, US Pat. It is possible to prepare in a conventional polymerization reactor system.
- the content of the compound represented by formula (I) is 0.001 to 5% by mass, preferably 0.005 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.005 to 5% by mass, in 100% by mass of the alcohol component, which is a constituent component of the polyester resin. is 0.01 to 4.5% by mass, more preferably 4% by mass or less, particularly preferably 3.5% by mass or less. If the content of the compound represented by formula (I) is less than 0.001% by mass, drawdown will occur during molding, and the molding will not be stable, or even if it can be molded, the molded product will tend to have uneven thickness. be.
- the compound represented by formula (I) may have a predetermined weight average molecular weight, and the weight average molecular weight of the compound represented by formula (I) is preferably 275 or more and 500,000 or less, more preferably It is 500 or more, more preferably 700 or more, still more preferably 1000 or more, more preferably 300,000 or less, still more preferably 100,000 or less, and even more preferably 50,000 or less. If the weight-average molecular weight of the compound represented by formula (I) is less than 275, the unreacted compound may bleed out onto the surface of the molded article, contaminating the surface of the molded article.
- the weight average molecular weight can be determined, for example, by GPC in terms of standard polystyrene. Specifically, the weight average molecular weight is 0.2 ⁇ m after weighing 4 mg of a sample of the compound represented by formula (I) and dissolving it in 4 ml of a mixed solvent of chloroform and isofluoroisopropanol (60/40% by volume). It can be obtained by filtering with a membrane filter, subjecting the obtained sample solution to GPC, and converting to standard polystyrene.
- the dicarboxylic acid component and alcohol component used in the present invention are as follows.
- Dicarboxylic acid components include oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, decanedicarboxylic acid, dodecanedicarboxylic acid, tetradecanedicarboxylic acid, hexadecanedicarboxylic acid, 1, 3-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 2,5-norbornanedicarboxylic acid, dimer acid, etc.
- Saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids exemplified in or ester-forming derivatives thereof e.g., alkyl esters having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- fumaric acid e.g., maleic acid
- unsaturated aliphatics exemplified by itaconic acid etc.
- Dicarboxylic acids or ester-forming derivatives thereof for example, alkyl esters having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- orthophthalic acid isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, 5-(alkali metal)sulfoisophthalic acid, diphenic acid, 1, 3-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,5-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, 4,4 Aromatic dicarboxylic acids exemplified by '-biphenylsulfonedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-biphenyletherdicarboxylic acid, 1,2-bis(phenoxy)ethane-p,p'-dicarboxylic acid, pamoic acid, anthracenedicarboxylic acid, etc. and ester-forming derivative
- isophthalic acid isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and naphthalenedicarboxylic acid are preferred, and terephthalic acid is particularly preferred in terms of the physical properties of the resulting polyester resin.
- carboxylic acids may be used in small amounts.
- carboxylic acid include ethanoic acid, tricarboxylic acid, propanetricarboxylic acid, butanetetracarboxylic acid, pyromellitic acid, trimellitic acid, trimesic acid, 3,4,3′,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, and esters thereof. forming derivatives (for example, alkyl esters having 1 to 20 carbon atoms) and the like.
- the alcohol component other than the compound represented by formula (I) is preferably a diol component.
- the diol component is preferably 99.999 to 95% by mass, more preferably 99.995 to 95% by mass, still more preferably 99.99 to 95.5% by mass, and still more It is preferably 96% by mass or more, particularly preferably 96.5% by mass or more.
- the diol component essentially contains 1,4-butanediol, and preferably contains ethylene glycol.
- diol components tri- or tetrahydric alcohols, hydroxycarboxylic acids, cyclic esters, etc. may be used as diol components.
- Examples of the alcohol include trimethylolmethane, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, glycerol, and hexanetriol.
- the hydroxycarboxylic acids include lactic acid, citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, hydroxyacetic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzoic acid, 4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid, or Ester-forming derivatives thereof (for example, alkyl esters having 1 to 20 carbon atoms) and the like can be mentioned.
- Cyclic esters include ⁇ -caprolactone, ⁇ -propiolactone, ⁇ -methyl- ⁇ -propiolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, glycolide, lactide and the like.
- the polyester resin of the present invention contains 85 to 100 mol% of terephthalic acid in 100 mol% of the dicarboxylic acid component, and 85 to 100 mol% of the total of ethylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol in 100 mol% of the diol component.
- Terephthalic acid is contained in 100 mol% of the dicarboxylic acid component, more preferably 90 to 100 mol%, still more preferably 95 to 100 mol%, and the total of ethylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol is in 100 mol% of the diol component. , more preferably 90 to 100 mol %, more preferably 95 to 100 mol %.
- 1,4-butanediol is 85 to 100 mol % with respect to the total amount of ethylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol.
- ethylene glycol is 0 to 15 mol % with respect to the total amount of ethylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol. It may be considered that 15 to 0 mol % of ethylene glycol and 85 to 100 mol % of 1,4-butanediol are contained in 100 mol % of the diol component.
- the content of 1,4-butanediol with respect to the total amount of ethylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol is preferably 87 to 100 mol%, more preferably 90 to 100 mol%, More preferably 100 mol %. If the 1,4-butanediol content is less than 85 mol %, the moldability and chemical resistance tend to deteriorate.
- the polyester resin of the present invention is preferably a copolymerized polybutylene terephthalate resin.
- the polyester resin of the present invention is a crystalline polyester resin and has a branched structure, and can improve processability such as moldability due to the "melt strength enhancement effect" of increasing molecular weight, and can adjust melt viscosity and melt tension. , the whitening resistance on bending of the molded product and the bleeding out of unreacted substances to the surface layer of the molded product can be suppressed. If the content of terephthalic acid and 1,4-butanediol is out of the above range, the polyester resin becomes an amorphous polyester resin, and it becomes impossible to increase the viscosity by solid-phase polymerization, and there is a possibility that a molded article having high mechanical properties cannot be obtained. There is
- the polyester resin of the present invention may have a given intrinsic viscosity IV.
- the intrinsic viscosity IV is preferably 0.40 to 2.10 dl/g, more preferably 0.50 to 1.90 dl/g, still more preferably 0.60 to 1.70 dl/g.
- the intrinsic viscosity can be measured at 30° C. using an Ostwald viscometer after dissolving the polyester resin in a mixed solvent of parachlorophenol/tetrachloroethane (3/1: weight ratio).
- the acid value (AV) of the polyester resin used in the present invention is preferably 100 eq/10 6 g (ton) or less, more preferably 60 eq/10 6 g or less, still more preferably 50 eq/10 6 g or less.
- the lower the lower limit the more preferable, and the closer to 0 eq/10 6 g the more preferable.
- the acid value can be obtained by dissolving a polyester resin sample in an alcohol and/or ether solution and titrating with an alcoholic sodium hydroxide solution or an alcoholic potassium hydroxide solution using a phenolphthalein reagent as an indicator. can.
- a specific method for measuring the acid value is as shown in Examples.
- the polyester resin of the present invention may have a predetermined melting point, and the melting point of the polyester resin is preferably 190 to 230°C, more preferably 200 to 230°C, still more preferably 210 to 230°C, still more preferably. is below 225°C.
- the melting point can be measured with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) at a heating rate of 20° C./min up to 300° C., and the maximum peak temperature of the heat of fusion can be determined as the crystalline melting point.
- DSC differential scanning calorimeter
- the polyester resin of the present invention is preferably produced via a polymerization catalyst containing at least an aluminum compound and a phosphorus compound, and may have an aluminum content of 3 to 1000 ppm and a phosphorus content of 5 to 10000 ppm derived from the polymerization catalyst. preferable.
- a polymerization catalyst containing at least an aluminum compound and a phosphorus compound, and may have an aluminum content of 3 to 1000 ppm and a phosphorus content of 5 to 10000 ppm derived from the polymerization catalyst.
- another polymerization catalyst one or more selected from titanium compounds and germanium compounds may be used.
- the aluminum compound is preferably at least one selected from aluminum acetate, basic aluminum acetate, aluminum chloride, aluminum hydroxide, and aluminum hydroxychloride, and at least one selected from aluminum acetate and basic aluminum acetate. is more preferred, and aluminum acetate is even more preferred.
- the amount of aluminum is preferably 3 to 1000 ppm, more preferably 5 to 800 ppm, and even more preferably 8 to 500 ppm as aluminum atoms relative to the total mass of the polyester resin. If the amount of aluminum is too small, the polymerization activity may decrease, and if the amount of aluminum is too large, a large amount of aluminum-derived foreign matter may be generated.
- the phosphorus compound is preferably at least one selected from phosphonic acid compounds and phosphinic acid compounds, more preferably phosphonic acid compounds.
- Phosphorus compound preferably has a phenol structure in the same molecule, more preferably at least one selected from phosphonic acid compounds and phosphinic acid compounds having a phenol structure in the same molecule, in the same molecule A phosphonic acid compound having a phenol structure is more preferable.
- Phosphorus compounds having a phenol structure in the same molecule include p-hydroxyphenylphosphonic acid, dimethyl p-hydroxyphenylphosphonate, diethyl p-hydroxyphenylphosphonate, diphenyl p-hydroxyphenylphosphonate, bis(p-hydroxyphenyl ) phosphinic acid, methyl bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)phosphinate, phenyl bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)phosphinate, p-hydroxyphenylphenylphosphinic acid, methyl p-hydroxyphenylphenylphosphinate, p-hydroxyphenylphenylphosphinic acid phenyl, p-hydroxyphenylphosphinate, methyl p-hydroxyphenylphosphinate, phenyl p-hydroxyphenylphosphinate, diethyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate and the like.
- the phosphorus compound is particularly preferably diethyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate.
- a phosphorus compound for example, Irgamod (registered trademark) 295 (manufactured by BASF) can be used.
- the amount of phosphorus is preferably 5 to 10000 ppm, more preferably 8 to 8000 ppm, and even more preferably 10 to 6000 ppm as phosphorus atoms relative to the total mass of the polyester resin. If the amount of phosphorus is small, the polymerization activity may be lowered, and a large amount of foreign matter derived from aluminum may be generated. If the amount of phosphorus is large, the catalyst cost may increase.
- Titanium compounds include tetrabutyltitanium, tetrabenzyltitanium, tetra-n-propyltitanate, tetraisopropyltitanate, tetra-n-butyltitanate, tetraisobutyltitanate, tetra-tert-butyltitanate, tetracyclohexyltitanate, tetraphenyltitanate, tetra Benzyl titanate, lithium oxalate titanate, potassium oxalate titanate, ammonium oxalate titanate, titanium oxide, composite oxides of titanium and silicon, zirconium, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, etc., titanium orthoesters or condensed orthoesters, a reaction product of titanium orthoester or condensed orthoester and hydroxycarboxylic acid, a reaction product of titanium orthoester or condensed orthoester
- a reaction product consisting of a condensed orthoester, a hydroxycarboxylic acid and a phosphorus compound is preferred.
- the amount of titanium is preferably 1 to 300 ppm, more preferably 2 to 200 ppm, and still more preferably 3 to 100 ppm as titanium atoms relative to the total mass of the polyester resin.
- Germanium compounds include germanium dioxide, germanium acetate and the like.
- the amount of germanium is preferably 1 to 500 ppm, more preferably 2 to 400 ppm, and still more preferably 3 to 300 ppm as titanium atoms relative to the total mass of the polyester resin.
- the amount of atoms may be calculated, for example, by fluorescent X-ray analysis.
- the polyester resin of the present invention preferably has a predetermined melt tension and melt viscosity when melted.
- the polyester resin of the present invention has the property that the higher the temperature is above 250°C, the lower the melt tension.
- the melt tension is preferably 15 mN or more at a temperature of 270° C., a take-up speed of 100 m/min, and a shear rate of 243 s ⁇ 1 , more preferably 15 mN or more, from the viewpoint of exhibiting performance equal to or higher than that of high-density polyethylene or the like. It is 17 mN or more, more preferably 19 mN or more, and the upper limit of the melt tension is, for example, 170 mN or less or 120 mN or less.
- the melt tension can be measured, for example, using a capillary rheometer under predetermined conditions (capillary length 10 mm, capillary diameter 1 mm, temperature 270° C., shear rate 243 s ⁇ 1 , maximum take-up speed 200 m/min, take-up start speed 10 m/min, or take-up speed 100 m /min (constant), take-up time 90 seconds).
- a capillary rheometer under predetermined conditions (capillary length 10 mm, capillary diameter 1 mm, temperature 270° C., shear rate 243 s ⁇ 1 , maximum take-up speed 200 m/min, take-up start speed 10 m/min, or take-up speed 100 m /min (constant), take-up time 90 seconds).
- the polyester resin of the present invention has a property that at a shear rate of 2000 s -1 during melting, the melt viscosity decreases as the temperature rises above 250°C.
- the melt viscosity is 26000 dPa s or more at a temperature of 270 ° C. and a shear rate of 30 s -1 at a temperature of 270 ° C. and a shear rate of 2000 s -1 . , 6500 dPa ⁇ s or less.
- the polyester resin of the present invention exhibits thixotropy at high temperatures during melting, can suppress the occurrence of melt fracture, and provides good moldability.
- the melt viscosity at a temperature of 270° C. and a shear rate of 30 s ⁇ 1 is preferably 26000 dPa ⁇ s or more, more preferably 28000 dPa ⁇ s or more, and still more preferably 30000 dPa ⁇ s or more. s or less or 45000 dPa ⁇ s or less.
- melt viscosity can be measured, for example, based on JIS K7199.
- the melt viscosity at a temperature of 270° C. and a shear rate of 2000 s ⁇ 1 is preferably 6500 dPa s or less, more preferably 6300 dPa s or less, and still more preferably 6200 dPa s or less. It is 5500 dPa ⁇ s or more.
- the melt viscosity can be determined, for example, using a capillary rheometer under predetermined conditions (capillary length 10 mm, capillary diameter 1 mm, temperature 270° C., shear rate 30 s ⁇ 1 or 2000 s ⁇ 1 ).
- the polyester resin of the present invention may have a predetermined thermal oxidation decomposition parameter (TOD) and a predetermined thermal decomposition parameter (TD).
- the thermal oxidative decomposition parameter (TOD) of the polyester resin is preferably 0.390 or less.
- the TOD can be calculated by the method described in the Examples section below.
- the TOD is more preferably 0.385 or less, still more preferably 0.380 or less, particularly preferably 0.375 or less, and most preferably 0.370 or less.
- the lower limit of the TOD is, for example, 0.010 or more or 0.020 or more. When the TOD is more than 0.390, the moldability during drawdown tends to be deteriorated.
- the thermal decomposition parameter (TD) of the polyester resin is preferably 0.55 or less.
- TD can be calculated by the method described in the Examples section below.
- TD is more preferably 0.54 or less, more preferably 0.53 or less, particularly preferably 0.52 or less, and most preferably 0.50 or less.
- the lower limit of the TD is, for example, 0.18 or more or 0.20 or more. When the TD is more than 0.50, the moldability during drawdown tends to be deteriorated.
- the polyester resin of the present invention may contain additives such as organic, inorganic, and organometallic toners and fluorescent brighteners. By containing one or more of these additives, coloring such as yellowing of the polyester resin can be suppressed to a more excellent level. It also contains other optional polymers, antistatic agents, antifoaming agents, dyeability improvers, dyes, pigments, matting agents, optical brighteners, stabilizers, antioxidants, and other additives. good too. As antioxidants, antioxidants such as aromatic amines and phenols can be used. is available.
- the polyester resin is directly introduced into the molding process in a molten state after the melt polycondensation process is completed as described above, or in a chip state after the treatment such as solid phase polymerization is completed. Molded bodies can also be used.
- a predetermined amount of additives such as crystallization property improvers, aldehyde reducers, color improvers, stabilizers, etc. are added to any reactor or transport pipe in the production process of the melt polycondensation polymer, and the desired results are obtained.
- the product can be directly introduced into the molding process to obtain a molded product, either as it is, or after finishing treatment such as solid phase polymerization.
- a polyester resin molded article made from the polyester resin of the present invention may have a predetermined three-dimensional roughness center plane average (SRa).
- the SRa of the polyester resin molded product is preferably less than 0.15 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.14 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 0.13 ⁇ m or less, even more preferably 0.12 ⁇ m or less, and preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more. Or it is 0.02 ⁇ m or more.
- the center plane average (SRa) of the three-dimensional roughness can be obtained, for example, using a surface roughness measuring instrument (fine shape measuring instrument, Surfcoder ET4000A manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory Ltd.).
- polyester resin of the present invention can be produced by a conventionally known method.
- terephthalic acid, 1,4-butanediol and, if necessary, other copolymerization components are directly reacted to distill off water for esterification, followed by polycondensation under reduced pressure.
- dimethyl terephthalate, 1,4-butanediol and, if necessary, other copolymerization components are reacted to distill off the methyl alcohol and transesterify, followed by polycondensation under reduced pressure.
- solid state polymerization may be carried out to increase the intrinsic viscosity, if necessary.
- the melt-polymerized polyester may be made to absorb moisture and then heated to crystallize, or water vapor may be blown directly onto the polyester chips to crystallize by heating.
- the method of adding the compound represented by formula (I) it is preferably added during polymerization.
- the compound represented by the formula (I) may be dispersed and added at the time of addition.
- the polycondensation reaction may be carried out in a batch reactor or a continuous reactor.
- the esterification reaction or transesterification reaction may be carried out in one step, or may be carried out in multiple steps.
- the polycondensation reaction may be carried out in one step, or may be carried out in multiple steps.
- the solid-phase polymerization reaction can be carried out in a batch system or a continuous system, like the polycondensation reaction. Polycondensation and solid phase polymerization may be carried out continuously or separately. An example of a preferred continuous production method will be described below using PBT as an example of the polyester resin.
- esterification reaction water or alcohol produced by the reaction is rectified under the condition that 1,4-butanediol is refluxed using a multistage apparatus in which 1 to 3 esterification reactors are connected in series. It is carried out while removing it out of the system with a tower.
- the temperature of the first-stage esterification reaction is preferably 240 to 270°C, more preferably 245 to 265°C, and the pressure is preferably 0.2 to 3 kg/cm 2 G, more preferably 0.5 to 2 kg/cm. 2G .
- the temperature of the final esterification reaction is usually 250 to 290°C, preferably 255 to 275°C, and the pressure is usually 0 to 1.5 kg/cm 2 G, preferably 0 to 1.3 kg/cm 2 G. be.
- the reaction conditions for the esterification reaction in the intermediate stage are the conditions between the reaction conditions in the first stage and the reaction conditions in the final stage. These esterification reaction rate increases are preferably distributed smoothly in each stage. It is desired that the final esterification reaction rate reaches preferably 90% or more, more preferably 93% or more. A low order condensate having a molecular weight of about 500 to 5,000 is obtained by these esterification reactions.
- the above esterification reaction can be carried out without a catalyst due to the catalytic action of terephthalic acid as an acid, but it may be carried out in the presence of a polycondensation catalyst.
- tertiary amines such as triethylamine, tri-n-butylamine and benzyldimethylamine
- quaternary ammonium hydroxides such as tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetra-n-butylammonium hydroxide and trimethylbenzylammonium hydroxide
- lithium carbonate sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium acetate, etc.
- the proportion of dioxybutylene terephthalate component units in the main chain of polybutylene terephthalate can be reduced to a relatively low level. (5 mol % or less with respect to all diol components) can be maintained, which is preferable.
- the transesterification reaction is carried out using an apparatus in which 1 to 2 transesterification reactors are connected in series, and under conditions in which 1,4-butanediol is refluxed, the methanol produced by the reaction is added to the rectification column. Carry out while removing outside.
- the temperature of the first-stage transesterification reaction is preferably 180 to 250°C, more preferably 200 to 240°C.
- the temperature of the transesterification reaction in the final stage is usually 220 to 260°C, preferably 230 to 265°C.
- Pb, Zn, Sb, Ge oxide, or the like may be used.
- a low order condensate having a molecular weight of about 200 to 500 is obtained by these transesterification reactions.
- Zn compounds are effective catalysts for esterification reactions and polycondensation reactions, and can be used for these reactions.
- the obtained low-order condensate is then supplied to a multistage liquid-phase polycondensation process.
- the reaction temperature of the polycondensation in the first stage is preferably 240 to 280° C., more preferably 240 to 270° C.
- the pressure is preferably 500 to 20 Torr, more preferably 200 to 30 Torr
- the temperature of the polycondensation reaction in the final stage is preferably 265-280° C., more preferably 265-275° C.
- the pressure is preferably 10-0.1 Torr, more preferably 5-0.5 Torr.
- the reaction conditions for the polycondensation reaction in the intermediate stage are the conditions between the reaction conditions in the first stage and the reaction conditions in the final stage.
- the degree of increase in intrinsic viscosity achieved in each of these polycondensation reaction steps is smooth.
- the polycondensed polyester resin thus obtained is then solid phase polymerized.
- the above polyester resin is solid-phase polymerized by a conventionally known method.
- the polyester resin to be subjected to solid phase polymerization is preliminarily heated at a temperature of 100 to 190° C. for 1 to 5 hours under an inert gas or under reduced pressure, or in an atmosphere of steam or steam-containing inert gas. Crystallized. Solid phase polymerization is then carried out at a temperature of 180 to 220° C. for 1 to 100 hours in an inert gas atmosphere or under reduced pressure.
- the catalyst used in the present invention has catalytic activity not only in polycondensation reactions but also in esterification reactions and transesterification reactions.
- a catalyst can be used in the transesterification reaction between a dicarboxylic acid alkyl ester such as dimethyl terephthalate and a glycol such as 1,4-butanediol.
- the catalyst used in the present invention has catalytic activity not only in melt polymerization but also in solid phase polymerization and solution polymerization, and polyester resin can be produced by any method.
- the polymerization catalyst used in the present invention can be added to the reaction system at any stage of the polymerization reaction.
- it can be added to the reaction system before the start of the esterification reaction or transesterification reaction, at any stage during the reaction, immediately before the start of the polycondensation reaction, or at any stage during the polycondensation reaction.
- it is preferable to add aluminum or an aluminum compound immediately before starting the polycondensation reaction.
- the addition method of the polymerization catalyst other than the phosphorus compound used in the present invention may be addition in the form of powder or neat, or addition in the form of slurry or solution of a solvent such as ethylene glycol.
- a solvent such as ethylene glycol.
- aluminum or an aluminum compound or a phosphorus compound and other components may be premixed and added as a mixture, or they may be added separately.
- aluminum, an aluminum compound or a phosphorus compound and other components may be added to the polymerization system at the same time of addition, or each component may be added at different times of addition.
- the total amount of the catalyst may be added at once or may be added in multiple portions.
- the polyester resin of the present invention is preferably subjected to blow molding (preferably direct blow molding) after polycondensation and solid phase polymerization.
- blow molding preferably direct blow molding
- a precursor having a bottom generally called a preform
- this preform may be blow-stretched in a mold and heat-set.
- Methods such as compression molding and injection molding are used to manufacture the preform.
- a preform can be obtained by heating and melting to 250 to 350° C. and injecting it into a preform mold.
- the preform has a thick-walled test-tube shape with a gate at the bottom and a screw for capping at the mouth.
- the spout of the obtained preform may be crystallized. Crystallization can prevent deformation of the spout even when high-temperature contents are filled. Crystallization of the spout is preferably carried out by heating to 130 to 200°C, more preferably 140 to 190°C. As a heating method, an infrared heater, hot air, induction heating, immersion in an oil bath, or the like can be used, and the use of an infrared heater is preferable from the viewpoint of productivity. The heat crystallization of the spout may be performed after the blow molding.
- a preform is heated, stretched in the bottle length direction (longitudinal direction) and blow-molded in the circumferential direction to obtain a bottle. It is stretched in the longitudinal direction with a rod-shaped stretching rod, and in the circumferential direction, a pressurized gas such as air or nitrogen is used.
- the pressurized gas is preferably 1-10 MPa.
- a method of simultaneously stretching in the longitudinal direction and the circumferential direction by blowing pressurized gas while inserting a stretching rod is preferred, but stretching in the longitudinal direction may be followed by stretching in the circumferential direction.
- An infrared heater, hot air, induction heating, or the like is used for heating. The heating temperature is usually 80-130°C, preferably 90-120°C.
- the lower limit of the draw ratio in the bottle length direction is preferably 1.5 times, more preferably 2 times. If it is less than the above, stretching may be uneven.
- the upper limit of the draw ratio in the bottle length direction is preferably 6 times, more preferably 5 times, and still more preferably 4 times. If the above is exceeded, tearing or the like is likely to occur.
- the lower limit of the draw ratio in the bottle circumferential direction is preferably 2 times, more preferably 2.5 times. If it is less than the above, stretching may be uneven.
- the upper limit of the stretch ratio in the bottle circumferential direction is preferably 6 times, more preferably 5 times, and still more preferably 4 times. If the above is exceeded, tearing or the like is likely to occur.
- the lower limit of the mold temperature for blow molding is preferably 80° C., more preferably 120° C., still more preferably 130° C., most preferably 140°C. If it is less than the above range, the subsequent heat setting may not promote sufficient crystallization, resulting in insufficient heat resistance, or the need to take a long heat setting time, which may lead to a decrease in productivity.
- the upper limit of the mold temperature is preferably 350°C, more preferably 340°C, still more preferably 330°C, particularly preferably 320°C, and the lower limit of the mold temperature is preferably 280°C, It is more preferably 290°C, still more preferably 300°C. Since the polyester resin of the present invention has the property that the melt tension decreases as the temperature increases during melting, when the mold temperature is increased, the melt tension decreases when the mold and the polyester resin contact each other. While the occurrence of fractures is reduced, after ejection from the mold, the melt tension will be higher and the occurrence of drawdown will be reduced.
- the blow-molded bottle continues to be heat-set in the mold.
- the lower limit of the heat setting time is preferably 0.5 seconds, more preferably 1 second, still more preferably 1.5 seconds. If it is less than the above, sufficient crystallization may not be promoted, resulting in insufficient heat resistance.
- the upper limit of the heat setting time is preferably 15 seconds, more preferably 10 seconds, and even more preferably 5 seconds. A long heat setting time not only results in poor productivity, but also requires a large number of molds in the case of a rotary blow molding machine, which may result in poor economic efficiency if the apparatus is large. After heat setting in the mold, additional heat setting may be performed by further heating with infrared rays, hot air, induction heating, or the like.
- the blow molding apparatus may be equipped with one mold, but in the case of mass production, it is equipped with a plurality of molds. It is preferable to use a system that sequentially moves between a place for heat setting, a place for heat setting, and a place for ejecting bottles.
- the content of the bottle to be molded is preferably 200 mL to 6 L, more preferably 300 mL to 2 L.
- the shape of the bottle body can be any shape such as circular, square (including shapes with cut corners), hexagons, and the like.
- the polyester resin of the present invention is subjected to blow molding (preferably direct blow molding) and is suitably used for containers (for example, bottles) for cosmetics, detergents, beverages, and the like.
- composition of the polyester resin was determined by 1 H-NMR analysis in heavy chloroform solvent using RUKER's AVANCE 500 Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer and from the integral ratio thereof.
- Polyester resin was heated to +20°C melting point in a circular stainless steel ring with a thickness of 5 mm and an inner diameter of 50 mm to obtain a sample piece.
- the amount of elements was determined by fluorescent X-ray analysis and displayed in ppm. In determining the amount, a calibration curve obtained in advance from samples with known amounts of each element was used.
- a sizing mold is installed, and the product is molded by a profile extrusion molding facility equipped with a take-up machine via a water tank, and the drawdown during molding and the mechanical properties, surface smoothness, and transparency of the molded product are evaluated according to the following criteria. was evaluated according to Table 2 shows the results.
- SRa center plane average
- a molded plate having a thickness of 7 mm was molded under the following conditions.
- the polyester resin was preliminarily dried under reduced pressure using a vacuum dryer Model DP61 manufactured by Yamato Scientific, and the inside of the molding material hopper was purged with a dry inert gas (nitrogen gas) in order to prevent moisture absorption during molding.
- the injection speed and pressure holding speed were adjusted to 20%, and the injection pressure and holding pressure were adjusted so that the weight of the molded product was 146 ⁇ 0.2 g. It was adjusted.
- the upper limits of the injection time and pressure holding time are set to 10 seconds and 7 seconds, respectively, and the cooling time is set to 50 seconds. Cooling water with a temperature of 10°C is constantly introduced into the mold to control the temperature, but the mold surface temperature is around 22°C when the molding is stable.
- the molded plate for evaluation was arbitrarily selected from stable molded plates at 11th to 18th shots from the start of molding after the introduction of the molding material and replacement with the resin.
- the HAZE of the molded plate was measured with a haze meter, model NDH2000, manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Co., Ltd., and the transparency was evaluated according to the following criteria. ⁇ : HAZE is less than 5% ⁇ : HAZE is 5% or more and less than 8% ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ : HAZE is 8% or more and less than 10% ⁇ : HAZE is 10% or more
- a molded plate having a thickness of 2 mm was produced by injection molding in the same manner as in the evaluation of transparency.
- the obtained molded plate was immersed in ethanol at 60° C. for 7 hours, and visually evaluated according to the following criteria. ⁇ : No change ⁇ : Slight whitening ⁇ : Whitening
- Synthesis Examples 1 to 6 (Preparation of Compound (Branching Agent) Represented by Formula (I)) Compounds of formula (I) are prepared in a two gallon free radical continuous polymerization reaction as described in US Pat. prepared in situ. The compositions and weight-average molecular weights of the compounds represented by Formula (I) obtained in Synthesis Examples 1 to 6 are shown in Table 1 below. The weight average molecular weight of the compound represented by formula (I) was calculated by GPC in terms of standard polystyrene.
- l, m and n of the compound represented by formula (I) were determined by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR analyses. That is, l, m, and n were expressed as integers by rounding off one decimal place as the average number. Specifically, a sample of the compound represented by formula (I) was prepared in a mixed solvent of deuterated chloroform/trifluoroacetic acid (85/15 by volume) for 1H-NMR, and deuterated chloroform or a heavy solvent for 13C-NMR.
- the methacrylic monomer having the structure of formula (II) used in the synthesis examples can be obtained by a method such as synthesis by subjecting glycidyl methacrylate to a ring-opening reaction with water and adding a diol. can be done.
- a method such as synthesis by subjecting glycidyl methacrylate to a ring-opening reaction with water and adding a diol.
- Example 1 2432 g of terephthalic acid (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals), 2700 g of 1,4-butanediol, 100 ppm of zinc atoms of zinc acetate, 4 g of triethylamine (manufactured by Nacalai Tesque), and was charged, and esterification was carried out at 240° C. for 3.0 hours under a pressure of 0.35 MPa.
- the compound represented by the formula (I) obtained in Synthesis Example 1 was continuously added to 0.2% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the alcohol component of the resulting polyester resin while controlling the flow rate. , allowing the reaction to proceed stepwise.
- the polyester resin With respect to the mass of the polyester resin, add 30 ppm of aluminum acetate as an aluminum atom and 72 ppm of Irgamod 295 (manufactured by BASF) as a phosphorus atom as a polycondensation catalyst, and then add 1 ppm of Solvent Blue 45 (manufactured by Clariant) to the polyester resin.
- the mixture was stirred at 260° C. for 5 minutes under normal pressure in a nitrogen atmosphere. After that, the pressure of the reaction system was gradually lowered to 13.3 Pa (0.1 Torr) while the temperature was raised to 280° C. over 60 minutes, and polycondensation reaction was further carried out at 280° C. and 13.3 Pa.
- the resin under slight pressure was extruded into cold water in the form of a strand, rapidly cooled, held in cold water for 20 seconds, and cut to obtain cylindrical pellets with a length of about 3 mm and a diameter of about 2 mm. rice field.
- polyester pellets obtained by melt polymerization were dried under reduced pressure (13.3 Pa or less, 80°C, 12 hours), and then subjected to crystallization treatment (13.3 Pa or less, 130°C, 3 hours, further 13.3 Pa or less, 160° C., 3 hours) was performed.
- the polyester pellets after standing to cool were subjected to solid phase polymerization in a solid phase polymerization reactor while maintaining the system at 13.3 Pa or less and 200° C. to 220° C. to obtain polyester pellets.
- Table 2 shows the results of each evaluation.
- Example 2 In Example 1, the addition amount of the compound represented by formula (I) obtained in Synthesis Example 1 was changed to 0.001% by mass, and polymerization was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain polyester pellets. .
- Example 3 In Example 1, the addition amount of the compound represented by formula (I) obtained in Synthesis Example 1 was changed to 4% by mass, and polymerization was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain polyester pellets.
- Example 4 In Example 1, the compound represented by Formula (I) obtained in Synthesis Example 1 was changed to the compound represented by Formula (I) obtained in Synthesis Example 2, and polymerized under the same conditions as in Example 1. was performed to obtain polyester pellets.
- Example 5 In Example 1, the compound represented by Formula (I) obtained in Synthesis Example 1 was changed to the compound represented by Formula (I) obtained in Synthesis Example 3, and polymerized under the same conditions as in Example 1. was performed to obtain polyester pellets.
- Example 6 In Example 1, the compound represented by Formula (I) obtained in Synthesis Example 1 was changed to the compound represented by Formula (I) obtained in Synthesis Example 4, and polymerized under the same conditions as in Example 1. was performed to obtain polyester pellets.
- Example 7 In Example 1, the compound represented by Formula (I) obtained in Synthesis Example 1 was changed to the compound represented by Formula (I) obtained in Synthesis Example 5 to obtain polyester pellets.
- Example 8 In Example 1, the compound represented by Formula (I) obtained in Synthesis Example 1 was changed to the compound represented by Formula (I) obtained in Synthesis Example 6, and polymerized under the same conditions as in Example 1. was performed to obtain polyester pellets.
- Example 9 Polymerization was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the esterification time was changed to 1.5 hours to obtain polyester pellets.
- Example 10 Polymerization was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that the charge amount of 2700 g of 1,4-butanediol was changed to 2000 g and the esterification time was changed to 1.0 hour to obtain polyester pellets. .
- Example 11 In Example 1, zinc acetate was used as a polycondensation catalyst so that zinc atoms were 100 ppm with respect to the mass of the polyester resin, germanium dioxide was added with germanium atoms of 100 ppm with respect to the mass of the polyester resin, and triethyl phosphate was added with respect to the mass of the polyester resin. Polymerization was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that the amount of phosphorus atoms was changed to 30 ppm, to obtain polyester pellets.
- Example 12 In Example 1, tetrabutyl titanium as a polycondensation catalyst was changed so that the titanium atom was 10 ppm relative to the mass of the polyester resin, and triethyl phosphate was changed so that the phosphorus atom was 100 ppm relative to the mass of the polyester resin. Polymerization was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain polyester pellets.
- Example 13 In Example 1, the conditions were the same as in Example 1, except that the charging amount was changed so that the diol component of the polyester resin had a ratio of 5 mol% of ethylene glycol to 95 mol% of 1,4-butanediol. Polymerization was carried out to obtain polyester pellets.
- Example 14 In Example 1, the conditions were the same as in Example 1, except that the charging amount was changed so that the diol component of the polyester resin had a ratio of 13 mol% of ethylene glycol to 87 mol% of 1,4-butanediol. Polymerization was carried out to obtain polyester pellets.
- Example 1 without adding the compound represented by formula (I), as a polycondensation catalyst, zinc acetate was used as a zinc atom of 100 ppm with respect to the weight of the polyester resin, and germanium dioxide was used with germanium with respect to the weight of the polyester resin. Polymerization was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that the amount of triethyl phosphate was changed to 30 ppm of phosphorus atoms with respect to the mass of the polyester resin so as to obtain 100 ppm atoms, to obtain polyester pellets.
- Comparative example 2 In Example 1, the amount of the compound represented by formula (I) obtained in Synthesis Example 1 was changed to 0.0001% by mass, and zinc acetate was added as a polycondensation catalyst to the mass of the polyester resin. Same conditions as in Example 1, except that 100 ppm of atoms and germanium dioxide are changed to 100 ppm of germanium atoms relative to the mass of the polyester resin, and triethyl phosphate is changed to 30 ppm of phosphorus atoms relative to the mass of the polyester resin. to obtain polyester pellets.
- Comparative example 3 In Example 1, the amount of the compound represented by Formula (I) obtained in Synthesis Example 1 was changed to 6% by mass, and zinc acetate was used as a polycondensation catalyst in an amount of 100 ppm of zinc atoms with respect to the mass of the polyester resin. Polymerization under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that germanium dioxide is changed to 100 ppm of germanium atoms relative to the mass of the polyester resin, and triethyl phosphate is changed to 30 ppm of phosphorus atoms relative to the mass of the polyester resin. was performed to obtain polyester pellets.
- Example 1 As the polycondensation catalyst, zinc acetate was added to 100 ppm of zinc atoms relative to the mass of the polyester resin, germanium dioxide was added to 100 ppm of germanium atoms relative to the mass of the polyester resin, and triethyl phosphate was added to the mass of the polyester resin. , and the diol component of the polyester resin is changed to a ratio of 25 mol% of ethylene glycol to 75 mol% of 1,4-butanediol. , Polymerization was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain polyester pellets.
- Comparative example 5 In Comparative Example 1, polymerization was carried out under the same conditions as in Comparative Example 1, except that the glycol component of the polyester resin was changed so that the ratio of ethylene glycol was 100 mol %, to obtain polyester pellets.
- melt viscosity was 26000 dPa ⁇ s or more at a temperature of 270° C. and a shear rate of 30 s ⁇ 1 and was 6500 dPa ⁇ s or less at a temperature of 270° C. and a shear rate of 2000 s ⁇ 1 .
- the polyester resin of the present invention has improved moldability in extrusion molding, profile extrusion molding, direct blow molding, inflation molding, injection blow molding, calendering molding, which requires high melt tension, and mechanical properties while maintaining transparency. It is expected that the improvement of characteristics can be realized and that it will greatly contribute to the industrial world.
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Abstract
Description
また、高い溶融張力が必要とされる異形押出し成形、ダイレクトブロー成形、インフレーション成形に対してはドローダウン現象が顕著となり、予備成形品乃至成形品が垂れ下がり、成形品の厚みのムラやバリが大きくなる為、良品率、連続生産安定性が低下する問題があった。
加えて、特許文献1~3において、ドローダウン現象は改良されるものの、高すぎる溶融張力のため、成形時にダイスから樹脂が吐出される際にメルトフラクチャーの発生により成形品の表面平滑性が低減し、成形品の透明性が低下する問題もあった。この他、ポリエステル樹脂の成形品は、耐熱性等も求められる。
[2]式(I)で表される化合物の重量平均分子量が275以上50万以下である[1]に記載のポリエステル樹脂。
[3]溶融張力が、温度270℃、引取速度100m/min、剪断速度243s-1で、15mN以上である[1]又は[2]に記載のポリエステル樹脂。
[4]溶融粘度が、温度270℃、剪断速度30s-1で、26000dPa・s以上、温度270℃、剪断速度2000s-1で、6500dPa・s以下である[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載のポリエステル樹脂。
特に、成形性は、従来に比べて、高い溶融張力を必要とされる押出し成形、異形押出し成形、ダイレクトブロー成形、インフレーション成形、インジェクションブロー成形、カレンダー加工成形で優れる。
本発明のポリエステル樹脂は、ジカルボン酸成分としてテレフタル酸、アルコール成分としてエチレングリコール、1,4-ブタンジオール、及び下記式(I)で表される化合物を構成成分として含み、テレフタル酸がジカルボン酸成分中、85~100mol%であり、エチレングリコールと1,4-ブタンジオールの合計量に対し、1,4-ブタンジオールが85~100mol%であり、下記式(I)で表される化合物は、アルコール成分100質量%中、0.001~5質量%であるポリエステル樹脂である。
本発明において、式(I)で表される化合物は、ポリエステル樹脂に対する分岐剤であり、通常使用されるジオール成分と共に用いられる。
また、式(I)で表される化合物は、ジカルボン酸成分が有するカルボキシル基と反応し得る官能基(水酸基)が分子内1分子あたり2個以上有し、ポリエステル樹脂全体に分岐構造を部分的に導入することができる。
イソプロピル基、イソブチル基、sec-ブチル基、tert-ブチル基、2-エチルブチル基、3,3-ジメチルブチル基、1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブチル基、1-メチルブチル基、1-エチルプロピル基、3-メチルブチル基、ネオペンチル基、1,1-ジメチルプロピル基、2-メチルペンチル基、3-エチルペンチル基、1,3-ジメチルブチル基、2-プロピルペンチル基、1-エチル-1,2-ジメチルプロピル基、1-メチルペンチル基、4-メチルペンチル基、4-メチルヘキシル基、5-メチルヘキシル基、2-エチルヘキシル基、1-メチルヘキシル基、1-エチルペンチル基、1-プロピルブチル基、3-エチルヘプチル基、2,2-ジメチルヘプチル基、1-メチルヘプチル基、1-エチルヘキシル基、1-プロピルペンチル基、1-メチルオクチル基、1-エチルヘプチル基、1-プロピルヘキシル基、1-ブチルペンチル基、1-メチルノニル基、1-エチルオクチル基、1-プロピルヘプチル基及び1-ブチルヘキシル基等の分枝鎖状アルキル基;
シクロプロピル基、1-メチルシクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、シクロヘプチル基、1-メチルシクロヘキシル基、2-メチルシクロヘキシル基、3-メチルシクロヘキシル基、4-メチルシクロヘキシル基、1,2-ジメチルシクロヘキシル基、1,3-ジメチルシクロヘキシル基、1,4-ジメチルシクロヘキシル基、2,3-ジメチルシクロヘキシル基、2,4-ジメチルシクロヘキシル基、2,5-ジメチルシクロヘキシル基、2,6-ジメチルシクロヘキシル基、3,4-ジメチルシクロヘキシル基、3,5-ジメチルシクロヘキシル基、2,2-ジメチルシクロヘキシル基、3,3-ジメチルシクロヘキシル基、4,4-ジメチルシクロヘキシル基、シクロオクチル基、2,4,6-トリメチルシクロヘキシル基、2,2,6,6-テトラメチルシクロヘキシル基、3,3,5,5-テトラメチルシクロヘキシル基等のシクロアルキル基等が挙げられる。
R5は炭素数4のモノオール、すなわち4-ヒドロキシブチル基である、「CH2CH2CH2CH2OH」である。
lは、0~1000の整数、好ましくは1~700の整数、より好ましくは2~400の整数、さらに好ましくは5~100の整数である。
本発明のポリエステル樹脂は、上記m、n、lを満たす限り、1種又は2種以上のポリエステル樹脂であってもよい。
式(I)で表される化合物の含有率が0.001質量%未満では、成形時にドローダウンを起こし、成形が安定しないか、成形できたとしても偏肉を起こした成形品となる傾向にある。他方、式(I)で表される化合物の含有率が5質量%を超えると、ゲル化が発生し、成形時にメルトフラクチャーが発生し、表面平滑性が不良となり、失透した成形品となる。また、ゲルを含んだ品質が低い成形品となる傾向がある。
式(I)で表される化合物の重量平均分子量が275未満であると未反応の化合物が成形品の表面にブリードアウトし、成形品の表面が汚染される虞がある。一方、式(I)で表される化合物の重量平均分子量が50万を超えると、ポリエステル樹脂からなる成形品の折り曲げ時に、当該化合物とポリエステル間の相溶性が悪くなりボイドが発生し、白化する虞がある。
当該重量平均分子量は、例えば標準ポリスチレン換算のGPCにより求めることができる。
具体的に、当該重量平均分子量は、式(I)で表される化合物の試料4mgを秤量し、4mlのクロロホルムとイソフルオロイソプロパノールの混合溶媒(60/40体積%)に溶解後、0.2μmのメンブレンフィルターでろ過し、得られた試料溶液をGPCに供し、標準ポリスチレンに換算することにより求めることができる。
当該カルボン酸としては、エタン酸、トリカルボン酸、プロパントリカルボン酸、ブタンテトラカルボン酸、ピロメリット酸、トリメリット酸、トリメシン酸、3,4,3’,4’-ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸、これらのエステル形成性誘導体(例えば、これらの炭素原子数1以上20以下のアルキルエステル)等が挙げられる。
ジオール成分は、1,4-ブタンジオールを必須で含み、エチレングリコールを含むことが好ましい。エチレングリコールや1,4-ブタンジオール以外で使用してもよいジオールとしては、1,2-プロピレングリコール、1,3-プロピレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、1,2-ブチレングリコール、1,3-ブチレングリコール、2,3-ブチレングリコール、1,5-ペンタンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコール、1,6-ヘキサンジオー ル、1,2-シクロヘキサンジオール、1,3-シクロヘキサンジオール、1,4-シクロヘキサンジオール、1,2-シクロヘキサンジメタノール、1,3-シクロヘキサンジメタノール、1,4-シクロヘキサンジメタノール、1,4-シクロヘキサンジエタノール、1,10-デカメチレングリコール、1,12-ドデカンジオール、イソソルビド、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリトリメチレングリコール、ポリテトラメチレングリコール、フルオレンジオール等に例示される脂肪族グリコール、ヒドロキノン、4,4'-ジヒドロキシビスフェノール、1,4-ビス(β-ヒドロキシエトキシ)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(β-ヒドロキシエトキシフェニル)スルホン、ビス(p-ヒドロキシフェニル)エーテル、ビス(p-ヒドロキシフェニル)スルホン、ビス(p-ヒドロキシフェニル)メタン、1,2-ビス(p-ヒドロキシフェニル)エタン、ビスフェノールA、ビスフェノールF、ビスフェノールS、ビスフェノールC、2,5-ナフタレンジオール、これらのグリコールにエチレンオキシドが付加したグリコールやビスフェノールA、F、S、Cに水添加した物等に例示される芳香族グリコールが挙げられる。
テレフタル酸は、ジカルボン酸成分100モル%中、より好ましくは90~100モル%、さらに好ましくは95~100モル%含み、エチレングリコールと1,4-ブタンジオールの合計は、ジオール成分100モル%中、より好ましくは90~100モル%、さらに好ましくは95~100モル%含む。
エチレングリコールと1,4-ブタンジオールの合計量に対し、1,4-ブタンジオールが85~100mol%である。つまり、エチレングリコールと1,4-ブタンジオールの合計量に対し、エチレングリコールが0~15mol%である。ジオール成分100モル%中、エチレングリコール15~0モル%、1,4-ブタンジオールを85~100モル%を含むと考えても良い。エチレングリコールと1,4-ブタンジオールの合計量に対する、1,4-ブタンジオールの含有割合は、87~100モル%であることが好ましく、90~100モル%であることがより好ましく、93~100モル%であることがさらに好ましい。1,4-ブタンジオールが85モル%未満では成形性や耐薬品性が低下する傾向にある。
本発明のポリエステル樹脂は、共重合ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂であることが好ましい。
上記テレフタル酸と1,4-ブタンジオールの含有率の範囲を外れると非晶性のポリエステル樹脂となり固相重合による高粘度化ができなくなり、高い機械的物性を持つ成形品を得ることができない虞がある。
当該固有粘度IVは、好ましくは0.40~2.10dl/g、より好ましくは0.50~1.90dl/g、さらに好ましくは0.60~1.70dl/gである。
当該固有粘度は、パラクロロフェノール/テトラクロロエタン(3/1:重量比)混合溶媒にポリエステル樹脂を溶解し、オストワルド粘度計を用いて30℃で測定することが可能である。
当該酸価は、ポリエステル樹脂の試料をアルコール及び/又はエーテル溶液に溶解し、フェノールフタレイン試薬を指示薬として用いアルコール性水酸化ナトリウム溶液又はアルコール性水酸化カリウム溶液で滴定することにより、求めることができる。具体的な酸価の測定方法は、実施例に示す通りである。
当該融点は、示差走査熱量分析計(DSC)を用い、300℃まで昇温速度20℃/分にて測定し、融解熱の最大ピーク温度を結晶融点として求めることができる。
他の重合触媒として、チタン化合物及びゲルマニウム化合物から選ばれる1種以上を使用してもよい。
アルミニウム量は、ポリエステル樹脂の全質量に対し、アルミニウム原子として、好ましくは3~1000ppm、より好ましくは5~800ppm、さらに好ましくは8~500ppmである。アルミニウム量が少ないと重合活性が低下する虞があり、アルミニウム量が多いとアルミニウム由来の異物が多く発生する虞がある。
チタン量は、ポリエステル樹脂の全質量に対し、チタン原子として、好ましくは1~300ppm、より好ましくは2~200ppm、さらに好ましくは3~100ppmである。
ゲルマニウム化合物は、二酸化ゲルマニウム、酢酸ゲルマニウム等が挙げられる。
ゲルマニウム量は、ポリエステル樹脂の全質量に対し、チタン原子として、好ましくは1~500ppm、より好ましくは2~400ppm、さらに好ましくは3~300ppmである。
上記原子の量は、例えば蛍光X線分析により算出してもよい。
本発明において、高密度ポリエチレン等と同等以上の性能を呈する観点から、溶融張力は、温度270℃、引取速度100m/min、剪断速度243s-1で、15mN以上であることが好ましく、より好ましくは17mN以上、さらに好ましくは19mN以上であり、溶融張力の上限は、例えば170mN以下又は120mN以下である。
当該溶融張力は、例えばキャピラリーレオメーターを所定条件下(キャピラリー長10mm、キャピラリー径1mm、温度270℃、剪断速度243s-1、引取最大速度200m/min、引取開始速度10m/min、又は引取速度100m/min(一定)、引取時間90秒)で使用することにより、求めることができる。
本発明において、溶融押出時のメルトフラクチャーの発生を抑制する等の観点から、溶融粘度は、温度270℃、剪断速度30s-1で、26000dPa・s以上、温度270℃、剪断速度2000s-1で、6500dPa・s以下であることが好ましい。本発明のポリエステル樹脂は、溶融時の高温下でチキソトロピー性を示すものであり、メルトフラクチャーの発生を抑えることができ、良好な成形性をもたらす。
溶融粘度は、温度270℃、剪断速度2000s-1で、6500dPa・s以下であることが好ましく、より好ましくは6300dPa・s以下、さらに好ましくは6200dPa・s以下であり、溶融粘度の下限は、例えば5500dPa・s以上である。
また、ポリエステル樹脂の耐熱分解パラメーター(TD)は、0.55以下であることが好ましい。TDは、下記実施例の項目に記載の方法により算出できる。TDは、0.54以下がより好ましく、0.53以下がさらに好ましく、0.52以下が特に好ましく、0.50以下が最も好ましい。当該TDの下限は、例えば0.18以上又は0.20以上である。当該TDが0.50超であると、ドローダウン時の成形性が低下する傾向にある。
係る三次元粗さの中心面平均(SRa)は、例えば表面粗さ測定器(微細形状測定器、小坂研究所製 サーフコーダET4000A)を使用して求めることができる。
本発明のポリエステル樹脂は、従来公知の方法で製造することができる。例えば、PBTを製造する場合は、テレフタル酸と1,4-ブタンジオール及び必要により他の共重合成分を直接反応させて水を留去しエステル化した後、減圧下に重縮合を行う直接エステル化法、または、テレフタル酸ジメチルと1,4-ブタンジオール及び必要により他の共重合成分を反応させてメチルアルコ-ルを留去しエステル交換させた後、減圧下に重縮合を行うエステル交換法により製造される。さらに必要に応じて極限粘度を増大させる為に固相重合を行ってもよい。固相重合前の結晶化促進のため、溶融重合ポリエステルを吸湿させたあと加熱結晶化させたり、また水蒸気を直接ポリエステルチップに吹きつけて加熱結晶化させたりしてもよい。
式(I)で表される化合物の添加方法に関しては重合時に添加することが好ましい。
式(I)で表される化合物は添加時に分散して添加してもよい。
以下、ポリエステル樹脂としてPBTを例にして連続式の好ましい製造方法の一例について説明する。
本発明のポリエステル樹脂は、溶融時に高温になる程、溶融張力が低下する性質を有することから、金型温度を高くする場合、溶融張力は、金型とポリエステル樹脂との接触時に低下してメルトフラクチャーの発生が低減される一方で、金型から吐出した後は、溶融張力が高くなってドローダウンの発生が低減されることになる。
なお、上記では冷却されたプリフォームを再加熱するコールドパリソン法を説明したが、プリフォームを完全に冷却しないでブロー成形を行うホットパリソン法も可能である。
パラクロロフェノール/テトラクロロエタン(3/1:重量比)混合溶媒にポリエステル樹脂を溶解し、オストワルド粘度計を用いて30℃で測定した。
ポリエステル樹脂の組成は、重クロロホルム溶媒中でRUKER製AVANCE500フーリエ変換核磁気共鳴装置を用いて、1H-NMR分析を行い、その積分比より決定した。
ポリエステル樹脂5mgをアルミニウム製サンプルパンに入れて密封し、ティー・エイ・インスツルメント・ジャパン(株)製示差走査熱量分析計(DSC)DSC-Q100を用いて、300℃まで、昇温速度20℃/分にて測定し、融解熱の最大ピーク温度を結晶融点として求めた。
(1)中空成形体の成形
ポリエステル樹脂を、脱湿空気を用いた乾燥機で乾燥し、名機製作所製M-150C-DM型射出成形機により樹脂温度290℃でプリフォームを成形した。このプリフォームの口栓部を自家製の口栓部結晶化装置で加熱結晶化させ、予備成形体とした。次にこの予備成形体をCORPOPLAST社製のLB-01E成形機で二軸延伸ブローし、引き続き約150℃に設定した金型内で約5秒間熱固定し、容量が1500ccの容器(中空成形体)を成形した。延伸温度は100℃にコントロールした。
(2)中空成形体の外観(ゲル異物の確認)
前記の中空成形体100本を目視で観察し、下記のように評価した。
〇:透明で外観問題なし
△~〇:中空成形体100本あたりゲル異物のボトルが1本目視で確認出来る
△:中空成形体100本あたりゲル異物のボトルが2本目視で確認出来る
×:中空成形体100本あたりゲル異物のボトルが3本以上目視で確認出来る
ポリエステル樹脂の成形時に以下の装置及び条件で溶融張力を測定した。
温度:270℃
キャピラリーレオメーター(東洋精機製作所)
キャピラリー長:10mm
キャピラリー径:1mm
せん断速度:243s-1
引取最大速度:200m/min
引取開始速度:10m/min
或いは引取速度:100m/min(一定)
引取時間:90sec
ポリエステル樹脂の成形時に以下の装置及び条件で溶融張力を測定した。
キャピラリーレオメーター(東洋精機製作所)
キャピラリー長:10mm
キャピラリー径:1mm
温度:270℃
せん断速度:30s-1又は2000s-1
ベンジルアルコール25mlにポリエステル樹脂を0.5g溶解し、0.01モル/l水酸化ナトリウムのベンジルアルコール溶液を使用して滴定した。使用した指示薬は、フェノールフタレイン0.10gをエタノール50mlおよび水50mlの混合液に溶解した溶液であった。
厚みが5mm、内径50mmのステンレス製円形リング中でポリエステル樹脂を融点+20℃に加熱して溶融させサンプルピースを作製し、蛍光X線分析により、元素量を求め、ppmで表示した。なお量の決定の際には予め各元素量既知のサンプルから求めた検量線を使用した。
ポリエステル樹脂をシリンダー温度270℃に設定し、単軸押出し機(L/D=30、フルフライトスクリュー、スクリュー径50mm)にダイリップを取り付け、次に冷却水槽の先端に異形押出し製品の最終寸法を決定するサイジング金型を取り付け、水槽を経由して、引取機を装備した異形押出し成形設備により成形し、その成形時のドローダウンと成形品の機械的特性、表面平滑性、透明性を以下の基準に従って評価した。結果を表2に示す。
ドローダウンを以下の基準で評価した。
◎:成形時にポリエステル樹脂のたれが全く生じずに、形状保持している
○:成形時にポリエステル樹脂のわずかなたれが生じる
△:成形時にポリエステル樹脂のたれが生じて安定して量産できない
×:成形時にポリエステル樹脂のたれによりダイリップからサイジング金型へ樹脂を通すことができない
ポリエステル樹脂成形品を180°折曲げて以下の基準で評価した。
○:50倍のルーペで観察し、ひび割れなし
△:目視でひび割れがないが、50倍のルーペで観察し、ひび割れ有り
×:目視で、ひび割れ有り
ポリエステル樹脂成形品の外側表面凹凸状態をkosaka Laboratory製サーフコーダーEt4000Aを用いて測定し、三次元粗さの中心面平均(SRa)により以下の基準で比較した。
◎:SRaが0.10μm未満
○:SRaが0.10μm以上0.12μm未満
△~〇:SRaが0.12μm以上0.14μm未満
△:SRaが0.14μm以上0.15μm未満
×:SRaが0.15μm以上
肉厚7mmの成形板を下記の条件にて成形した。
ヤマト科学製真空乾燥器DP61型を用いて予め減圧乾燥したポリエステル樹脂を用い、成形中に吸湿を防止するために、成形材料ホッパー内は乾燥不活性ガス(窒素ガス)パージを行った。M-150C-DM射出成形機による可塑化条件としては、フィードスクリュウ回転数=70%、スクリュウ回転数=120rpm、背圧0.5MPa、シリンダー温度はホッパー直下から順に45℃、250℃、以降ノズルを含め290℃に設定した。射出条件は射出速度及び保圧速度は20%、また成形品重量が146±0.2gになるように射出圧力及び保圧を調整し、その際保圧は射出圧力に対して0.5MPa低く調整した。射出時間、保圧時間はそれぞれ上限を10秒、7秒,冷却時間は50秒に設定し、成形品取出時間も含めた全体のサイクルタイムは概ね75秒程度である。金型には常時、水温10℃の冷却水を導入し温調するが、成形安定時の金型表面温度は22℃前後である。評価用の成形板は、成形材料導入し樹脂置換を行った後、成形開始から11~18ショット目の安定した成形板の中から任意に選ぶものとした。
成形板のHAZEを、日本電色(株)製ヘイズメ-タ-、modelNDH2000で測定し、透明性を下記基準で評価した。
◎:HAZEが5%未満
○:HAZEが5%以上8%未満
△~〇:HAZEが8%以上10%未満
×:HAZEが10%以上
上記透明性の評価と同様に、肉厚2mmの成形板を射出成形により作製した。
得られた成形板を60℃、7時間エタノールに浸漬させ、目視にて、下記基準で判断した。
○:変化なし
△:少し白化
×:白化
ポリエステル樹脂のレジンチップ([IV]i)を冷凍粉砕して20メッシュ以下の粉末にした。この粉末を130℃で12時間真空乾燥し、粉末300mgを内径約8mm、長さ約140mmのガラス試験管に入れ70℃で12時間真空乾燥した。次いで、シリカゲルを入れた乾燥管を試験管上部につけて乾燥した空気下で、200℃の硝酸塩バスに浸漬して15分間加熱した後の[IV]f1を測定した。TODは、下記のように求めた。ただし、[IV]iおよび[IV]f1はそれぞれ加熱試験前と加熱試験後のIV(dL/g)を指す。冷凍粉砕は、フリーザーミル(米国スペックス社製、6750型)を用いて行った。専用セルに約2gのレジンチップと専用のインパクターを入れた後、セルを装置にセットし液体窒素を装置に充填して約10分間保持し、次いでRATE10(インパクターが1秒間に約20回前後する)で5分間粉砕を行った。
TOD=0.245{[IV]f1 -1.47-[IV]i -1.47}
ポリエステル樹脂のTODは、値が小さい方が、熱酸化安定性が高いことを表す。
乾燥したポリエステル樹脂のチップ3gをガラス製試験管に入れ、窒素雰囲気下で280℃のオイルバスに120分浸漬させ溶融させた。加熱した後の[IV]f1を測定した。TDは、下記のように求めた。ただし、[IV]iおよび[IV]f1はそれぞれ加熱試験前と加熱試験後のIV(dL/g)を指す。
TD=0.245{[IV]f1 -1.47-[IV]i -1.47}
ポリエステル樹脂のTDは、値が小さい方が、熱安定性が高いことを表す。
式(I)で表される化合物は、特許文献1~3、米国特許出願第09/354350号及び米国特許出願第09/614402号の記載を参照して、2ガロンのフリーラジカル連続式重合反応器系内で調製した。合成例1~6で得られた式(I)で表される化合物の組成及び重量平均分子量を下記の表1に示す。
なお、式(I)で表される化合物の重量平均分子量は、標準ポリスチレン換算のGPCにより算出した。具体的には、式(I)で表される化合物の試料4mgを秤量し、4mlのクロロホルムとイソフルオロイソプロパノールの混合溶媒(60/40体積%)に溶解後、0.2μmのメンブレンフィルターでろ過し、得られた試料溶液をGPCで測定し、標準ポリスチレンに換算して重量平均分子量を求めた。
すなわち、l、m、nは、平均個数として小数点以下一桁を四捨五入して整数で表した。具体的には、式(I)で表される化合物の試料を1H-NMRでは重水素化クロロホルム/トリフルオロ酢酸混合溶媒(体積比は85/15)、13C-NMRでは重水素化クロロホルムまたは重水素化クロロホルム/ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール混合溶媒(体積比は1/1)に溶解後、フーリエ変換核磁気共鳴装置(BRUKER製AVANCE NEO600)で、積算回数50~200回(1H-NMR)、10000回(13C-NMR)の条件、室温で測定した。1H-NMRと13C-NMRスペクトルにより、各成
分の比率、末端に位置する成分の割合を算出し、l、m、nを求めた。
攪拌機、温度計、流出用冷却器を装備した10リットルの圧力容器にテレフタル酸(三井化学製)2432g、1,4-ブタンジオール2700g、酢酸亜鉛を亜鉛原子100ppm、トリエチルアミン(ナカライテスク製)4g、を仕込み、0.35MPa加圧下、240℃で3.0時間エステル化を実施した。得られるポリエステル樹脂のアルコール成分100質量%に対して、合成例1で得られた式(I)で表される化合物を0.2質量%となるよう、流速を制御しつつ連続的に添加し、段階的に反応を進行させた。
実施例1において、合成例1で得られた式(I)で表される化合物の添加量を0.001質量%に変更し、実施例1と同条件で重合を行い、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
実施例1において、合成例1で得られた式(I)で表される化合物の添加量を4質量%に変更し、実施例1と同条件で重合を行い、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
実施例1において、合成例1で得られた式(I)で表される化合物を合成例2で得られた式(I)で表される化合物に変更し、実施例1と同条件で重合を行い、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
実施例1において、合成例1で得られた式(I)で表される化合物を合成例3で得られた式(I)で表される化合物に変更し、実施例1と同条件で重合を行い、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
実施例1において、合成例1で得られた式(I)で表される化合物を合成例4で得られた式(I)で表される化合物に変更し、実施例1と同条件で重合を行い、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
実施例1において、合成例1で得られた式(I)で表される化合物を合成例5で得られた式(I)で表される化合物に変更し、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
実施例1において、合成例1で得られた式(I)で表される化合物を合成例6で得られた式(I)で表される化合物に変更し、実施例1と同条件で重合を行い、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
実施例1において、エステル化の時間を1.5時間に変更する以外は、実施例1と同条件で重合を行い、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
実施例1において、1,4-ブタンジオール2700gの仕込み量を2000gに、エステル化の時間を1.0時間に変更する以外は、実施例1と同条件で重合を行い、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
実施例1において、重縮合触媒として酢酸亜鉛をポリエステル樹脂の質量に対して亜鉛原子100ppmと二酸化ゲルマニウムをポリエステル樹脂の質量に対してゲルマニウム原子100ppmとなるよう、トリエチルリン酸をポリエステル樹脂の質量に対してリン原子30ppmとなるように変更する以外は、実施例1と同条件で重合を行い、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
実施例1において、重縮合触媒としてテトラブチルチタンをポリエステル樹脂の質量に対してチタン原子10ppmとなるよう、トリエチルリン酸をポリエステル樹脂の質量に対してリン原子100ppmとなるように変更する以外は、実施例1と同条件で重合を行い、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
実施例1において、ポリエステル樹脂のジオール成分が、1,4-ブタンジオール95モル%に対し、エチレングリコール5モル%の比率になるよう、仕込み量を変更する以外は、実施例1と同条件で重合を行い、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
実施例1において、ポリエステル樹脂のジオール成分が、1,4-ブタンジオール87モル%に対し、エチレングリコール13モル%の比率になるよう、仕込み量を変更する以外は、実施例1と同条件で重合を行い、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
実施例1において、式(I)で表される化合物を添加せずに、重縮合触媒として、酢酸亜鉛をポリエステル樹脂の質量に対して亜鉛原子100ppmと二酸化ゲルマニウムをポリエステル樹脂の質量に対してゲルマニウム原子100ppmとなるように、トリエチルリン酸をポリエステル樹脂の質量に対してリン原子30ppmとなるように変更する以外は、実施例1と同条件で重合を行い、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
実施例1において、合成例1で得られた式(I)で表される化合物の添加量を0.0001質量%に変更し、重縮合触媒として、酢酸亜鉛をポリエステル樹脂の質量に対して亜鉛原子100ppmと二酸化ゲルマニウムをポリエステル樹脂の質量に対してゲルマニウム原子100ppmとなるように、トリエチルリン酸をポリエステル樹脂の質量に対してリン原子30ppmとなるように変更する以外は、実施例1と同条件で重合を行い、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
実施例1において、合成例1で得られた式(I)で表される化合物の添加量を6質量%に変更し、重縮合触媒として、酢酸亜鉛をポリエステル樹脂の質量に対して亜鉛原子100ppmと二酸化ゲルマニウムをポリエステル樹脂の質量に対してゲルマニウム原子100ppmとなるように、トリエチルリン酸をポリエステル樹脂の質量に対してリン原子30ppmとなるように変更する以外は、実施例1と同条件で重合を行い、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
実施例1において、重縮合触媒として、酢酸亜鉛をポリエステル樹脂の質量に対して亜鉛原子100ppmと二酸化ゲルマニウムをポリエステル樹脂の質量に対してゲルマニウム原子100ppmとなるように、トリエチルリン酸をポリエステル樹脂の質量に対してリン原子30ppmとなるように変更し、更にポリエステル樹脂のジオール成分が、1,4-ブタンジオール75モル%に対し、エチレングリコール25モル%の比率になるよう仕込み量を変更する以外は、実施例1と同条件で重合を行い、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
比較例1において、エチレングリコール100モル%の比率になるよう、ポリエステル樹脂のグリコール成分を変更する以外は、比較例1と同条件で重合を行い、ポリエステルペレットを得た。
Claims (4)
- ジカルボン酸成分としてテレフタル酸、アルコール成分としてエチレングリコール、1,4-ブタンジオール、及び下記式(I)で表される化合物を構成成分として含み、テレフタル酸がジカルボン酸成分中、85~100mol%であり、エチレングリコールと1,4-ブタンジオールの合計量に対し、1,4-ブタンジオールが85~100mol%であり、下記式(I)で表される化合物は、アルコール成分100質量%中、0.001~5質量%であることを特徴とするポリエステル樹脂。
- 式(I)で表される化合物の重量平均分子量が275以上50万以下である請求項1に記載のポリエステル樹脂。
- 溶融張力が、温度270℃、引取速度100m/min、剪断速度243s-1で15mN以上である請求項1又は2に記載のポリエステル樹脂。
- 溶融粘度が、温度270℃、剪断速度30s-1で、26000dPa・s以上、温度270℃、剪断速度2000s-1で、6500dPa・s以下である請求項1又は2に記載のポリエステル樹脂。
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