WO2023014126A1 - 건식 전극 필름 제조 방법 및 상기 전극 필름 제조 시스템 - Google Patents
건식 전극 필름 제조 방법 및 상기 전극 필름 제조 시스템 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023014126A1 WO2023014126A1 PCT/KR2022/011590 KR2022011590W WO2023014126A1 WO 2023014126 A1 WO2023014126 A1 WO 2023014126A1 KR 2022011590 W KR2022011590 W KR 2022011590W WO 2023014126 A1 WO2023014126 A1 WO 2023014126A1
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- electrode
- electrode film
- polymer resin
- mixture
- dry
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a dry electrode film that can be used as an electrode for an electrochemical device. In addition, it relates to a system for manufacturing the dry electrode film.
- a secondary battery is a representative example of an electrochemical device using such electrochemical energy, and its use area is gradually expanding.
- representative lithium secondary batteries are used not only as an energy source for mobile devices, but also as vehicles that use fossil fuels such as gasoline vehicles and diesel vehicles, which are one of the major causes of air pollution. Its use as a power source for automobiles is being realized, and its use area is expanding to applications such as power auxiliary power sources through gridization.
- the manufacturing process of such a lithium secondary battery is largely divided into three steps: an electrode manufacturing process, an electrode assembly manufacturing process, and a conversion process.
- the electrode manufacturing process is again divided into an electrode mixture mixing process, an electrode coating process, a drying process, a rolling process, a slitting process, a winding process, and the like.
- the electrode mixture mixing process is a process of mixing components for forming an electrode active layer in which an actual electrochemical reaction occurs in an electrode. It is prepared in the form of a slurry having fluidity by mixing a binder for binding and adhesion to a current collector, and a solvent for imparting viscosity and dispersing powder.
- the mixed composition for forming the electrode active layer is also referred to as an electrode mixture in a broad sense. Thereafter, an electrode coating process of applying the electrode mixture on an electrically conductive current collector and a drying process for removing the solvent contained in the electrode mixture are performed, and the electrode is additionally rolled to manufacture a predetermined thickness.
- the solvent contained in the electrode mixture evaporates during the drying process, defects such as pinholes or cracks may be induced in the previously formed electrode active layer.
- the powder floating phenomenon caused by the difference in solvent evaporation rate that is, the powder in the area dried first floats and forms a gap with the area dried relatively later, resulting in electrode quality this may deteriorate.
- drying devices that can control the evaporation rate of the solvent while drying the inside and outside of the active layer uniformly are being considered, but these drying devices are very expensive and require considerable cost and time to operate
- the dry electrode is generally manufactured by laminating a free standing type dry electrode film including an electrode active material, a binder, a conductive material, and the like and manufactured in a sheet form on a current collector.
- a dry electrode film first, an electrode active material, a carbon material as a conductive material, and a fiberizable binder are mixed together in a blender, etc., and a shear force is applied through a process such as jet-milling or kneading to fiberize the binder. After that, the obtained mixture is calendered into a film form to prepare a free standing film.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram schematically illustrating a method of manufacturing a conventional dry electrode film.
- the electrode mixture powder 11 is compressed into a sheet form through a calender roller 32 to manufacture a dry electrode film 130 .
- these cracks intensify and may even lead to breakage of the dry electrode film, and when applied to battery manufacturing, electrochemical performance of the battery may be significantly deteriorated.
- the width of the dry electrode film may not be constant depending on the manufacturing batch.
- the loss of electrode material is large because the remaining part is cut based on the minimum value among the widths that can be secured.
- the present invention is to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a dry electrode film having uniform and even edges. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a manufacturing system for manufacturing the dry electrode film.
- a first aspect of the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a dry electrode film for an electrochemical device, the method comprising:
- the electrode member is connected to an electrode mixture part having a predetermined width and an end portion into which the polymer resin is injected in the width direction of the electrode mixture part, and a protection part having a predetermined width is disposed, and the protection part is disposed at an edge portion of the electrode member. As included in, it is removed during step (S30).
- the electrode mixture powder includes an electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder resin, and the binder resin is subjected to a fine fibrillation process.
- the (S20) is performed by a calendering process, and the polymer resin is the amount of the input stream of the electrode mixture powder during the calendering process. It is put into the end.
- the calendering process is performed by a pair of calendering rollers, and the input stream of the polymer resin and the input stream of electrode mixture powder are in front of the calendering rollers. It is partitioned by a guide dam disposed in.
- the polymer resin is subjected to a fine fibrillation process.
- the polymer resin includes an elastic polymer, and the elastic polymer is included in the range of 40% by weight or less of 100% by weight of the polymer resin will be.
- the elastic polymer is SBR rubber (styrene-butadiene rubber), BR rubber (butadiene rubber), nitrile rubber (nitrile butadiene rubber), such as viton rubber It includes at least one selected from fluoro rubber, CR rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, and silicone rubber.
- the polymer resin contains the same component as the binder resin included in the electrode mixture powder.
- the polymer resin is subjected to a fine fibrillation process.
- the polymer resin includes polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- the polymer resin further comprises an elastic polymer.
- the dry electrode powder is prepared by (a) preparing a powdery mixture including an electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder resin; (b) preparing a mixture mass by kneading the powdery mixture at a temperature of 70° C. to 200° C.; and (c) obtaining electrode powder by crushing the mass of the mixture.
- the process (b) is performed under normal pressure or higher.
- step (S20) the polymer resin is injected into both ends of the electrode mixture powder in the width direction, (S30)
- edge portions having a predetermined width are removed from both end portions of the electrode member in the width direction, and the protection portion is connected to both end portions of the electrode mixture portion in the width direction, respectively.
- a fifteenth aspect of the present invention relates to an electrode for an electrochemical device, wherein the dry electrode film is obtained by the manufacturing method according to claim 1.
- a sixteenth aspect of the present invention relates to a secondary battery, wherein the secondary battery includes the dry electrode according to the fifteenth aspect, wherein the dry electrode is a positive electrode, and an electrode assembly including the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator is lithium. It is built into the battery case together with the containing non-aqueous electrolyte.
- a seventeenth aspect of the present invention relates to an energy storage device including the secondary battery according to the sixteenth aspect as a unit cell.
- An eighteenth aspect of the present invention is an apparatus system for manufacturing a dry electrode film member, the system comprising: a blender for mixing electrode mixture raw materials including an active material, a conductive material, and a binder; A kneader for preparing a mixture mass by kneading the mixture in order to fiberize the binder; a grinder for pulverizing the mass of the mixture to form electrode mixture powder; and a calender device in which the electrode mixture powder and the polymer resin powder are injected to form an electrode film member.
- the calender is further provided with a material supply device, and the electrode mixture powder and the polymer resin powder are input through the material supply device, and the material supply device is A partition member that separates the injection path of the electrode mixture powder and the polymer resin powder is further included.
- a twentieth aspect of the present invention is an electrode mixture powder for producing a dry electrode film; and an electrode film member for an electrochemical device including an edge portion in which the powdery polymer resin is compressed to an end of the electrode mixture powder to form a sheet having a predetermined thickness.
- the dry electrode film manufactured according to the manufacturing method of the present invention has uniform and even edges, and it is possible to constantly control the dry electrode film to a predetermined width.
- the width of the dry electrode film can be uniformly controlled during manufacturing.
- the difference in the width of the dry electrode film between batches can be minimized even when the dry electrode film is manufactured through different manufacturing batches.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a conventional method for manufacturing a dry electrode film and the edge boundary shape of the dry electrode film according to the method.
- 3a and 3b schematically illustrate the manufacturing method of the dry electrode film according to the present invention and the shape of the edge boundary of the dry electrode film according to the method.
- Example 4 shows a photographic image of the dry electrode film prepared in Example 1.
- Figure 5 shows the cut portion of the sample obtained from the example when evaluating mechanical properties.
- Figure 6 shows the cut portion of the sample obtained from the comparative example when evaluating mechanical properties.
- FIG. 7 shows a cut portion of a sample obtained from a reference example when evaluating mechanical properties.
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a dry electrode film of a free standing type and a device system for manufacturing the same.
- the dry electrode film is manufactured by a dry manufacturing process as described below.
- the term 'free standing type' means that it can maintain a single form without depending on other members and can be handled by itself.
- the dry electrode film may be applied to an electrode for an electrochemical device.
- the electrochemical device may include, for example, a primary battery, a double layer capacitor, a supercapacitor, a fuel cell, a secondary battery, and the like, and the secondary battery may be a lithium ion secondary battery more specifically.
- a first aspect of the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a dry electrode film.
- the dry electrode film manufacturing method in one embodiment of the present invention, the dry electrode film manufacturing method
- the electrode film member is connected to an electrode mixture part having a predetermined width and an end portion into which the polymer resin is injected in the width direction of the electrode mixture part, and a protection part having a predetermined width is disposed, and the protection part is disposed at the edge of the electrode member. As included in the section, it is removed when step (S30) is performed.
- electrode mixture powder and polymer resin for manufacturing a dry electrode film are prepared (S10).
- the dry electrode mixture and the polymer resin are each independently in the form of a powder, which is an aggregate of a plurality of fine particles.
- the electrode mixture powder is made of fine particles, and the fine particles include at least one of an electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder, or a mixture of two or more selected from among them.
- the electrode mixture powder contains an electrode active material and a binder.
- the fine particles may have a particle diameter of 10 ⁇ m to 2,000 ⁇ m. When the particle diameter of the fine particles satisfies the above range, it is advantageous to form a film of uniform thickness and density and to secure excellent physical properties.
- the particle diameter is less than 10 ⁇ m, it is difficult to participate in film formation, such as coming out on the roller in the calendering process or being detached due to not being well connected by binder fibers, and deteriorating the physical properties of the manufactured dry electrode film, such as deterioration in mechanical strength. can On the other hand, when the particle size exceeds 2,000 ⁇ m, it is difficult to ensure thickness uniformity of the dry electrode film.
- the electrode mixture powder may be prepared by the following method.
- a mixture of an electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder resin is prepared.
- the mixing for preparing the mixture is performed so that the electrode active material, the conductive material, and the binder resin are uniformly distributed, and since they are mixed in the form of powder, it is not limited as long as it enables simple mixing of these, and various They can be mixed by any method.
- the mixing since the present invention is manufactured with a dry electrode that does not use a solvent, the mixing may be performed by dry mixing, or may be performed by introducing the materials into a conventional mixing device such as a mixer or blender.
- the mixing is prepared by mixing in a mixing device at 5,000 rpm to 20,000 rpm for 30 seconds to 2 minutes, specifically, at 10,000 rpm to 15,000 rpm for 30 seconds to 1 minute to ensure uniformity of the obtained electrode mixture powder. It can be.
- the binder resin is not limited to a specific one as long as it can be fibrillated by the mixture preparation process and/or the fiberization step described later.
- Fiberization of the binder resin may partially progress in the process of preparing the mixture, and fine fiberization of the binder resin may proceed in the fiberization step described later.
- the fibrillation refers to a treatment of thinning and dividing a high-molecular polymer, and may be performed using, for example, mechanical shear force. The surface of the polymer fibers fibrillated in this way is unraveled, and a large number of fine fibers (fibrils) are generated.
- Non-limiting examples of such a binder resin may include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyolefin, or a mixture thereof, and may include, in detail, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), , More specifically, it may be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Specifically, the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) may be included in an amount of 60% by weight or more based on the total weight of the binder.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- the binder may additionally include one or more of polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polyvinylidene fluoride-cohexafluoropropylene (PVdF-HFP), and a polyolefin-based binder resin.
- PEO polyethylene oxide
- PVdF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PVdF-HFP polyvinylidene fluoride-cohexafluoropropylene
- a polyolefin-based binder resin a polyolefin-based binder resin
- the dry electrode may be a cathode, and the active material may be a cathode active material.
- the cathode active material is not limited as long as it is in the form of a lithium transition metal oxide, lithium metal iron phosphate, or a metal oxide, and for example, a layered compound such as lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ) or lithium nickel oxide (LiNiO 2 ) or one or more thereof.
- the dry electrode may be an anode
- the active material may be a cathode active material.
- the negative electrode active material may include carbon such as non-graphitizing carbon and graphite-based carbon; Li x Fe 2 O 3 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), Li x WO 2 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), Sn x Me 1-x Me' y O z (Me: Mn, Fe, Pb, Ge; Me': Al , B, P, Si, elements of groups 1, 2, and 3 of the periodic table, halogens; 0x ⁇ 1; 1 ⁇ y ⁇ 3; 1 ⁇ z ⁇ 8); lithium metal; lithium alloy; silicon-based alloys; tin-based alloys; silicon-based oxides such as SiO, SiO/C, and SiO2; SnO, SnO 2 , PbO, PbO 2 , Pb 2 O 3 , Pb 3 O 4 , Sb 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 4 , Sb 2 O 5 , GeO, GeO 2
- the dry electrode may be a positive electrode in detail
- the active material may be a positive electrode active material in detail, and more specifically, lithium transition metal oxide, lithium nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide, lithium nickel- It may be an oxide in which a part of manganese-cobalt oxide is substituted with another transition metal, lithium iron phosphate, and the like.
- the conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery, and examples include graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite; carbon black such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and summer black; conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers; metal powders such as carbon fluoride, aluminum, and nickel powder; conductive whiskeys such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; Conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used, but in detail, 1 selected from the group consisting of activated carbon, graphite, carbon black, and carbon nanotubes for uniform mixing of the conductive material and improvement of conductivity. It may include more than one species, and more specifically, it may include activated carbon.
- the mixing ratio of the active material, conductive material, and binder may include 80 to 98% by weight: 0.5 to 10% by weight: 0.5 to 10% by weight of active material: conductive material: binder, and specifically, 85 to 98 Weight%: 0.5 to 5% by weight: 0.5 to 10% by weight may be included.
- the binder may become excessively fibrous in a later process and affect the process, and if it is too small, sufficient fibrosis may not be achieved, and the binder may not aggregate to the extent of forming a mixture lump.
- the dry electrode film is difficult to manufacture, the dry electrode film is difficult to manufacture, or the physical properties of the dry electrode film are deteriorated.
- a filler which is a component that suppresses expansion of the electrode, may be additionally added to the mixture, and the filler is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause chemical change in the battery and is a fibrous material.
- olefinic polymers such as polyethylene and polypropylene; Fibrous materials such as glass fibers and carbon fibers are used.
- a fiberization process for fiberizing the binder resin is performed with respect to this mixture obtained above.
- high shear mixing eg, a jet-mill method
- high shear mixing eg, a jet-mill method
- a method of low shear kneading may be applied to the fiberization process, and may be performed through a kneader such as a kneader, for example.
- the binder is fibrous by such high-shear mixing or kneading, and the electrode active material and conductive material powders are combined or connected by the fibrous binder to form a mixture mass having a solid content of 100%.
- the kneading may be controlled at a speed of 10 rpm to 100 rpm.
- the kneading may be controlled at a speed of 40 rpm or more or 70 rpm or less within the above range.
- the kneading may be performed for 1 minute to 30 minutes.
- it may be performed for 3 minutes to 7 minutes at a speed of 40 rpm to 70 rpm within the above range.
- the kneading may have a shear rate controlled in the range of 10/s to 500/s.
- the kneading may be performed for 1 minute to 30 minutes, and the shear rate may be controlled in the range of 30/s to 100/s.
- this kneading step may be performed under conditions of high temperature and pressure above normal pressure, and more specifically, under conditions of pressure higher than normal pressure.
- the kneading may be performed at a range of 50 °C to 230 °C, specifically, 90 °C to 200 °C.
- the mass of the mixture prepared through the kneading may be directly calendered, but in this case, it may be necessary to press the mass of the mixture under strong pressure and high temperature to form a thin film, and accordingly, the density of the film may be too high or a uniform film. There may be a problem where you cannot get . Accordingly, a powdery electrode mixture is prepared by pulverizing the mixture mass prepared as described above.
- the grinding may be performed by a device such as a blender or grinder, but is not limited thereto, and the grinding is specifically, at a speed of 5,000 rpm to 20,000 rpm for 30 seconds to 10 minutes, specifically at a speed of 10,000 rpm to 18,000 rpm. It can be performed for 30 seconds to 1 minute at a speed.
- a device such as a blender or grinder, but is not limited thereto, and the grinding is specifically, at a speed of 5,000 rpm to 20,000 rpm for 30 seconds to 10 minutes, specifically at a speed of 10,000 rpm to 18,000 rpm. It can be performed for 30 seconds to 1 minute at a speed.
- the binder resin may be all or at least partially fibrous by mechanical shear force, etc., and may be subjected to a thinning division treatment.
- the surface of the binder resin is finely divided by releasing the fibrous part Many fibers (fibrils) are generated. Therefore, among the fine particles obtained by the above method, the binder resin and the electrode active material particles are bound to each other, and the binding can be further strengthened by the fine fibers of the binder resin.
- the polymer resin included in the protection unit may be used as long as it can be used for the electric electrode film, and is not limited to a specific component.
- the polymer resin may include at least one selected from fluorine-based resins, polyolefin-based resins, and polyethylene oxide.
- the fluorine-based resin may include at least one selected from polytetrafluoroetylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), and polyvinylidene fluoride-cohexafluoropropylene (PVdF-HFP).
- the polyolefin-based resin may include at least one selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, and polybutylene.
- the polymer resin may further include an elastic polymer.
- elastomers include SBR rubber (Styrene-butadiene rubber), BR rubber (Butadiene rubber), nitrile butadiene rubber, Fluoro rubber such as Viton rubber, and CR rubber (Chloroprene rubber). , EPM-based rubber (Ethylene-propylene rubber) and at least one selected from silicone-based rubber.
- the elastic polymer may not be included in 100% by weight of the polymer resin, or may be included in a range of 40% by weight or less.
- the polymer resin may be treated with a fine fibrillation process.
- the fine fibrillation process may be performed by a high shear mixing method or a low shear kneading method as performed in the preparation of the electrode mixture.
- the polymer resin preferably contains polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and more preferably, 60% by weight or more of PTFE is included in 100% by weight of the polymer resin. will be.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- the polymer resin may include one or more of the same components as the binder resin included in the electrode mixture.
- the tensile rate of the electrode part and the protection part become similar when pressurized in the electrode member manufacturing step described later, so that the frequency of occurrence of cracks or defects between the electrode part and the protection part is reduced.
- an electrode film member is manufactured by compressing the electrode mixture and the polymer resin prepared above.
- the electrode film member may be prepared in the form of a sheet having a predetermined thickness.
- the electrode film member is manufactured by a roll-to-roll continuous process and may have a strip shape with an aspect ratio exceeding 1.
- the electrode film member may have a thickness of 50 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m.
- the manufacture of the electrode film member in the step (S20) is supplied by supplying the electrode mixture powder and polymer resin powder to a calendering device and using the roll press (s) included in the calendering device It may be performed by a calendering method of thermally compressing the material.
- the electrode mixture powder and the polymer resin powder may be supplied to the calender roll through separate input routes.
- the introduction path of the polymer resin powder may be set to one end or both ends of the introduction path of the electrode mixture powder.
- the input path is divided in the front stream of the calendering device, and the boundary between the materials inputted into the calendering device overlaps so that the protection unit and the electrode mixture unit are connected.
- the division of the input path may be performed by disposing a partition member dividing the input path in the forward stream of the calender roll. Referring to FIGS. 3A and 3B, a supply unit 31 equipped with a guide dam 33 or a partition member 34 as such a partition member is provided in front of the calender roller 32, and the dam As a result, the introduction path of the polymer resin 12 and the electrode mixture powder 11 is separated. However, when the materials are fed into the calender roll after passing through the dam, their boundaries may overlap, and as a result, the electrode film member 150 in which the electrode mixture unit 152 and the protection unit 151 are connected is manufactured It can be.
- the polymer resin powder is injected into one end or both ends outside the input path (input stream) of the electrode mixture powder, thereby manufacturing an electrode member having a protection unit disposed at one or both ends in the width direction of the electrode mixture part.
- the electrode mixture part is a part mainly containing a result of calendering the electrode mixture powder
- the protection part is a part mainly including a result of calendering the polymer resin powder.
- the term 'mainly' means that the content is 50 wt% or more.
- the electrode mixture part and the protection part may be connected to each other by calendering, and the boundary portion may be unclear due to mixing of the polymer resin and the electrode mixture powder.
- the polymer resin powder is injected together at both ends of the injection path of the electrode mixture powder, so that the end boundary of the electrode mixture part is formed uniformly and evenly.
- the polymer resin compressed together with the electrode mixture part at the end of the electrode mixture part serves as a kind of dam to prevent the width end of the electrode mixture part from spreading in an uneven shape by compression.
- the width end of the electrode mixture part has a uniform and even boundary, the amount of removal of the electrode mixture part can be minimized in a subsequent edge part removal process.
- the electrode mixture powder and the polymer resin may be supplied to the calender roller through a material supply device disposed in the forward stream of the calender device.
- FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram schematically showing that a dry electrode film is manufactured by supplying materials to a calender roll through a material supply device 31.
- the material supply device 31 may include a container for storing material, a supply part for supplying material into the container from the outside, and a discharge part for supplying material from the container to the calender.
- a partition may be installed inside the container as a partition member 34 so that the electrode mixture powder and the polymer resin powder are separated from each other without mixing.
- the partition may extend to the discharge unit or may be installed before the discharge unit.
- the calender device is provided with a guide dam 34 in the front stream as described above together with or instead of the material input device, so that the The polymer resin and the electrode mixture may be separated by the guide dam and supplied to the calender roller (FIG. 3B).
- the calender includes a roll press unit in which two rollers are disposed to face each other, and a plurality of roll press units may be continuously disposed.
- the rotational speed ratio of the two rollers independently of each roll press unit may be appropriately controlled within the range of 1:1 to 1:10.
- the rotation speed ratio of two rollers in one or more roll press units is controlled at a ratio of 1:1 to 1:3.
- the calendering process may be performed once or two or more times until the electrode member has a desired thickness.
- an edge part having a predetermined width is removed from one or both ends of the obtained electrode film member (S30).
- the edge portion includes the entire protection portion, and may include a portion of the electrode mixture portion if necessary to remove the entire protection portion.
- the edge portion may include a portion of the protection portion.
- the width of the edge portion may be adjusted to a level at which a dry electrode film in the form of a strip made of electrode mixture powder can be obtained by removing at least a part or all of the protection portion. By removing the edge portion, the protective portion is removed to obtain a dry electrode film from the electrode film member.
- the dry electrode film obtained above may be obtained in a strip shape having a constant width and an aspect ratio exceeding 1.
- the end of the dry electrode film has a low roughness and a constant boundary.
- the removal of the edge portion is not limited to a specific method, for example, a cutting device equipped with a cutting blade made of metal or diamond, or a commonly used cutting means such as a laser etching device may be applied.
- the dry electrode film may have a porosity of 20 vol% to 50 vol%, and may be preferably controlled to a value of 40 vol% or less or 35 vol% or less within the above range.
- the porosity satisfies the above range, it is preferable in terms of various effects.
- the porosity is obtained by measuring the apparent density of the dry electrode film and using the actual density calculated based on the actual density and composition of each component by the following [Relational Expression 1] can
- Porosity (%) ⁇ 1 - (apparent density/actual density) ⁇ x 100
- the present invention may further include manufacturing an electrode by laminating the dry electrode film on one side or both sides of the current collector and laminating the resulting product.
- the lamination may be a step of rolling and attaching the dry electrode film on a current collector.
- the lamination may be performed by a roll press method using a lamination roller, and at this time, the lamination roller may be maintained at a temperature of 20° C. to 200° C.
- the current collector is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause chemical change in the battery and has high conductivity.
- a surface treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, or the like may be used.
- the current collector may also form fine irregularities on its surface to increase adhesion of the positive electrode active material, and various forms such as films, sheets, foils, nets, porous materials, foams, and non-woven fabrics are possible.
- the current collector may be coated entirely or partially with a conductive primer for lowering resistance and improving adhesion on the surface of the current collector.
- the conductive primer may include a conductive material and a binder, and the conductive material may be, for example, a carbon-based material, although it is not limited thereto as long as it is a conductive material.
- the binder may include a solvent-soluble fluorine-based binder (including PVDF and PVDF copolymer), an acrylic binder, and an aqueous binder.
- a secondary battery including the dry electrode, wherein the dry electrode is a positive electrode, and an electrode assembly including the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator is embedded in a battery case together with a lithium-containing non-aqueous electrolyte, and a unit cell thereof.
- An energy storage device comprising as is provided.
- a dry electrode film manufacturing system includes a blender for mixing raw materials of an electrode mixture including an active material, a conductive material, and a binder; Kneader (kneader) for producing a mixture lump by kneading the mixture of the raw materials; a grinder for pulverizing the mass of the mixture to form electrode mixture powder; a calender device for forming the electrode mixture powder into a dry electrode film; a remover removing an edge portion from the dry electrode film; and a lamination roll for positioning and laminating the dry electrode film on at least one surface of the current collector.
- Kneader kneader
- a grinder for pulverizing the mass of the mixture to form electrode mixture powder
- a calender device for forming the electrode mixture powder into a dry electrode film
- a remover removing an edge portion from the dry electrode film
- a lamination roll for positioning and laminating the dry electrode film on at least one surface of the current collector.
- the blender is a mixer that mixes the raw materials, and as described above, the blend raw materials may be mixed at a speed of 5000 rpm to 20000 rpm.
- the kneader is a binder fiberizing device used instead of jet-milling in the present invention, and a mixture can be obtained as a mixture lump through kneading in the kneader.
- the kneader for obtaining the result according to the present invention may be set to a pressure condition in the range of 70 °C to 200 °C, normal pressure or higher.
- the crusher is a device for pulverizing such a mixture lump to form powder for an electrode, and a blender or a grinder may also be used.
- the calendar device and the remover may refer to the above description.
- the lamination roll serves to attach and roll the dry electrode film formed by the calender to at least one surface of the current collector.
- the porosity of the dry electrode film according to the present invention can be determined by the calender and the lamination roll.
- the system may include a jet-milling device instead of a kneader and a grinder.
- a jet-milling device instead of a kneader and a grinder.
- Specific structures of the blender, kneader, calender, and lamination roll are conventionally known, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted herein.
- Electrode powder was prepared from polymer resin powder. Thereafter, electrode powder and polymer resin powder were put into a lab calender (roll diameter: 88 mm, roll temperature: 100° C., roll speed ratio 20/24 rpm) to prepare an electrode film member.
- 4 shows a photographic image of an electrode film member manufactured in Example 1. The part shown in black is the electrode mixture part, and the part shown in bright color is the protection part. According to FIG. 4 , it can be confirmed that the edge boundary of the electrode mixture part is formed evenly and uniformly.
- a second lab calendering process was performed on the electrode film member obtained in Example 1 under the same conditions as the first.
- a second lab calendering process was performed on the electrode film member obtained in Example 3 under the same conditions as the first.
- a lab calender roll diameter: 88 mm, roll temperature: 100° C., roll speed ratio 20/24 rpm
- a second lab calendering process was performed on the electrode film member obtained in Example 5 under the same conditions as the first.
- the electrode powder was put into a lab calender (roll diameter: 88 mm, roll temperature: 100° C., roll speed ratio 20/24 rpm) to prepare a dry electrode film.
- 2 shows a photographic image of a dry electrode film prepared in Comparative Example 1. According to FIG. 2 , it can be seen that the edge boundary of the dry electrode film is not even and a very non-uniform sawtooth shape is formed.
- the electrode film members (including a protective part) obtained in Examples 1 to 6 and the dry electrode films (without a protective part) obtained in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were prepared by cutting them into a size of 1 cm x 7 cm.
- Each sample was tested according to the ASTM 638 method using UTM equipment from ZwickRoell. In this experiment, the pre-load was 0.01 kg/cm and the speed was 50 mm/min.
- the elongation at break was calculated by multiplying the length at break/length of the initial sample by 100 for each sample. The results of each experiment are summarized in [Table 1] below.
- a sample was made by cutting a portion of 1 cm wide from one end of the electrode film member inward in the width direction to a length of 7 cm, and the protective portion was included in the 1 cm width of the sample (see FIG. 5).
- a sample was made by cutting a 1 cm wide portion inward from the distal end except for the irregular sawtooth portion to a length of 7cm, and the irregular sawtooth portion was maintained (see FIG. 6). That is, the width of the sample became the width of the irregular sawtooth + 1 cm.
- the left and right width 1 cm parts were cut to a length of 7 cm centered on the width center line (a) to make Reference Example 1, and the electrode film was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 After that, the left and right width 1 cm parts were cut to a length of 7 cm centered on the width center line (a) to be referred to as Reference Example 2.
- the reference example was prepared to represent the mechanical strength of the electrode film manufactured without end damage, and the measured values were compared with Examples and Comparative Examples as follows.
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Abstract
Description
Modulus (Mpa) |
Tensile Strength (Mpa) |
파단 신율(%) | |
실시예 1 | 71 | 1.83 | 9.9 |
실시예 2 | 343 | 6.66 | 7.8 |
실시예 3 | 25 | 0.83 | 7.5 |
실시예 4 | 39 | 1.13 | 6.4 |
실시예 5 | 95 | 1.94 | 4.4 |
실시예 6 | 409 | 8.37 | 4.4 |
비교예 1 | 18 | 0.42 | 4.9 |
비교예 2 | 49 | 0.89 | 4.6 |
참조예 1 | 53 | 1.11 | 5.9 |
참조예 2 | 72 | 1.17 | 4.7 |
Claims (20)
- (S10) 건식 전극 필름 제조용 전극 합제 분체 및 분말상의 고분자 수지를 준비하는 단계;(S20) 상기 고분자 수지가 상기 전극 합제 분체의 폭 방향의 적어도 일측 단부로 투입된 후, 상기 전극 합제 분체 및 상기 고분자 수지가 압착되어 소정 두께를 갖는 시트(sheet) 형태의 전극 부재로 가공되는 압착 단계; 및(S30) 상기 전극 부재의 상기 폭 방향의 상기 적어도 일측 단부에서 소정 폭을 갖는 엣지부(edge part)가 제거되는 단계;를 포함하며,상기 전극 부재는 소정 폭을 갖는 전극 합제부 및 상기 전극 합제부의 상기 폭 방향에서 상기 고분자 수지가 투입된 단부와 연결되며 소정 폭을 갖는 보호부가 배치되어 있으며, 상기 보호부는 상기 전극 부재의 엣지부에 포함되는 것으로서 (S30) 단계 수행시 제거되는 것인 전극 필름의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 전극 합제 분체는 전극 활물질, 도전재 및 바인더 수지를 포함하며, 상기 바인더 수지는 미세 피브릴화 공정 처리가 되어 있는 건식 전극 필름의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 (S20)은 캘린더링 공정에 의해서 수행되며 상기 캘린더링 공정시 상기 고분자 수지가 전극 합제 분체의 투입 스트림(stream)의 양 말단으로 투입되는 것인 건식 전극 필름의 제조 방법.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 캘린더링 공정은 한 쌍의 캘린더링 롤러에 의해서 수행되며, 상기 고분자 수지의 투입 스트림과 전극 합제 분체의 투입 스트림은 상기 캘린더링 롤러 전방에 배치되는 가이드 댐(guide dam)에 의해서 구획되는 것인 건식 전극 필름의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 고분자 수지는 미세 피브릴화 공정 처리가 되어 있는 것인 건식 전극 필름의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 고분자 수지는 탄성 중합체를 포함하며, 상기 탄성 중합체는 고분자 수지 100중량% 중 40중량% 이하의 범위로 포함되는 것인 건식 전극 필름의 제조 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 탄성 중합체는 SBR계 고무(styrene-butadiene rubber), BR계 고무(butadiene rubber), 니트릴계 고무(nitrile butadiene rubber), viton rubber과 같은 불소계 고무(fluoro rubber), CR계 고무(chloroprene rubber), EPM계 고무(ethylene-propylene rubber) 및 실리콘계 고무 중 선택된 1종 이상을 포함하는 것인 건식 전극 필름의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 고분자 수지는 상기 전극 합제 분체에 포함된 바인더 수지와 동일한 성분이 포함되어 있는 것인 건식 전극 필름의 제조 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 고분자 수지는 미세 피브릴화 공정 처리가 되어 있는 것인 건식 전극 필름의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 고분자 수지는 폴리테트라플루오로에틸렌(polytetrafluoroetylene, PTFE)을 포함하는 것인 건식 전극 필름의 제조 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 고분자 수지는 탄성 중합체를 더 포함하는 것인 건식 전극 필름의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 건식 전극 분체는(a) 전극 활물질, 도전재, 및 바인더 수지를 포함하는 분말상의 혼합물을 제조하는 과정;(b) 상기 분말상의 혼합물을 70℃ 내지 200℃의 범위에서 혼련하여 혼합물 덩어리를 제조하는 과정; 및(c) 상기 혼합물 덩어리를 분쇄하여 전극 분체를 수득하는 과정;을 포함하는 방법에 의해서 제조된 것인 건식 전극 필름의 제조 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 (b) 과정은 상압 이상의 조건에서 수행되는 것인 건식 전극 필름의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,(S20) 단계에서, 상기 고분자 수지는 상기 전극 합제 분체의 상기 폭 방향의 양쪽 말단 부분으로 투입되고,(S30) 단계에서, 상기 전극 부재의 상기 폭 방향의 상기 양쪽 말단 부분에서 소정 폭을 갖는 엣지부가 제거되며,상기 보호부는 상기 전극 합제부의 상기 폭 방향의 상기 양쪽 말단 부분과 각각 연결되는 건식 전극 필름의 제조 방법.
- 집전체 및 상기 집전체의 일측면 또는 양측면 상에 건식 전극 필름이 배치되어 있으며, 상기 건식 전극 필름은 제1항에 따른 제조 방법으로 제조된 것인 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제15항에 따른 건식 전극을 포함하며,상기 건식 전극은 양극이며, 상기 양극, 음극, 및 분리막을 포함하는 전극 조립체가 리튬 함유 비수계 전해질과 함께 전지케이스에 내장되어 있는 이차전지.
- 제16항에 따른 이차전지를 단위전지로서 포함하는 에너지 저장장치.
- 건식 전극 필름 부재를 제조하기 위한 장치 시스템이며,상기 시스템은활물질, 도전재, 및 바인더를 포함하는 전극 합제 원료 물질들을 혼합하는 블렌더;상기 바인더를 섬유화시키기 위해, 상기 혼합물을 혼련하여 혼합물 덩어리를 제조하는 니더;상기 혼합물 덩어리를 분쇄하여 전극 합제 분체를 형성하는 분쇄기; 및상기 전극 합제 분체와 고분자 수지 분말이 투입되어 전극 필름 부재를 형성하는 캘린더(calender) 장치; 을 포함하는 것인 시스템.
- 제18항에 있어서,상기 캘린더 장치는 재료 공급 장치가 더 구비되며 상기 재료 공급 장치를 통해서 상기 전극 합제 분체와 고분자 수지 분말이 투입되는 것이며 상기 재료 공급 장치는 상기 전극 합제 분체와 고분자 수지 분말의 투입 경로를 구분하는 구획 부재(partition member)가 더 포함되는 것인 시스템.
- 건식 전극 필름 제조용 전극 합제 분체; 및분말 상의 고분자 수지가 상기 전극 합제 분체의 말단에 압착되어 소정 두께를 갖는 시트(sheet) 형태로 압착된 엣지부를 포함하는 전기화학소자용 전극 필름 부재.
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