WO2023010798A1 - 电芯、电池模组、电池包及电动汽车 - Google Patents

电芯、电池模组、电池包及电动汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023010798A1
WO2023010798A1 PCT/CN2021/143897 CN2021143897W WO2023010798A1 WO 2023010798 A1 WO2023010798 A1 WO 2023010798A1 CN 2021143897 W CN2021143897 W CN 2021143897W WO 2023010798 A1 WO2023010798 A1 WO 2023010798A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
main control
winding core
positive
acquisition module
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2021/143897
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈斌斌
雷晶晶
郑娅敏
廖思航
Original Assignee
欣旺达电动汽车电池有限公司
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Publication of WO2023010798A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023010798A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of battery cells, and in particular to a battery cell, a battery module, a battery pack and an electric vehicle.
  • a battery module includes at least two single cells.
  • the battery management system needs to collect data from the battery module, so as to perform operations such as charging, discharging, and safety protection on the battery module according to the collected data.
  • the data collected by the above operations cannot completely cover the data of all cells in the battery module, making the working status of some uncollected single cells easy to be ignored, thus affecting the battery module, battery management system and affect the security of external devices.
  • This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this reason, this application proposes a battery cell, a battery module, a battery pack and an electric vehicle, which can collect the working parameters of the battery cell, thereby avoiding the failure of the battery module due to the neglect of the working status of some single cells group, etc.
  • the electric core includes: a housing provided with at least one opening; a cover plate arranged at the opening end of the housing and encapsulating the opening end of the housing; a winding core, Set inside the casing, the winding core includes a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece, a positive pole lug and a negative pole lug, the positive pole piece is connected to the positive pole lug, the negative pole piece is connected to the negative pole lug; the positive pole and The negative pole, the positive pole and the negative pole are respectively arranged on the cover plate, the positive pole is connected to the positive ear, and the negative pole is connected to the negative ear; the acquisition circuit is arranged on the Inside the casing, the collection circuit includes at least one chip, and the collection circuit is used to collect the working parameters of the winding core.
  • the cell according to the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: through the acquisition circuit, operations such as collecting operating parameters of the cell are performed, thereby realizing the detection of the working state of the single cell, and avoiding the The status is ignored and the impact on the battery module and so on.
  • the collection circuit includes: a collection module, configured to collect working parameters of the winding core; a main control module, connected to the collection module, used to generate a control signal according to the working parameters; A communication module, connected to the main control module, used to send the working parameters to external devices according to the control signal, and/or the communication module is used to receive external signals; wherein, the main control module also uses The working state of the winding core is controlled according to the external signal; the acquisition module, the main control module and the communication module are arranged on the same circuit board.
  • the acquisition module includes: an electrical signal acquisition module, the electrical signal acquisition module is respectively connected to the winding core and the main control module, and the electrical signal acquisition module is used to acquire the At least one of voltage parameters, current parameters, and power parameters of the winding core.
  • the winding core further includes a first collection tab, the first collection tab is connected to the positive plate; one end of the electrical signal collection module is connected to the first collection tab connected, the other end of the electrical signal acquisition module is connected to the negative pole or the negative tab; and/or, the winding core also includes a second collection tab, the second collection tab is connected to the negative pole chip connection; one end of the electrical signal acquisition module is connected to the second acquisition tab, and the other end of the electrical signal acquisition module is connected to the positive column or the positive tab.
  • it further includes: a first connecting piece, the first connecting piece is arranged inside the housing, one end of the first connecting piece is connected to the positive tab, and the first connecting piece The other end of the component is connected to the electrical signal acquisition module; wherein, the electrical signal acquisition module is connected to the negative pole or the negative ear; and/or, the second connector, the second connector is arranged on Inside the housing, one end of the second connector is connected to the negative tab, and the other end of the second connector is connected to the electrical signal acquisition module; wherein, the electrical signal acquisition module is connected to the The positive post or the positive lug connection.
  • the collection module further includes: a temperature collection module connected to the main control module, and the temperature collection module is used to collect temperature parameters of the winding core; wherein, The temperature acquisition module is used to connect with the positive pole and/or the negative pole.
  • the collection module further includes: a temperature collection module connected to the main control module, and the temperature collection module is used to collect temperature parameters of the winding core; wherein, The temperature collection module is used to connect with the first collection tab and/or the second collection tab.
  • the collection module further includes: a temperature collection module connected to the main control module, the temperature collection module is used to collect temperature parameters of the winding core;
  • the winding core also includes a diaphragm, and the diaphragm is arranged between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet;
  • the battery core also includes at least one temperature collecting film, and at least one temperature collecting film is arranged between the diaphragm and the negative electrode sheet. Between the positive electrodes, or at least one temperature-collecting film is arranged between the diaphragm and the negative electrode; wherein, the temperature collection module is used to connect with the temperature-collecting film.
  • the present application also includes: an infrared emitting module and an infrared receiving module; the infrared emitting module is arranged inside the housing, and the infrared emitting module is used to emit infrared signals to the core; the An infrared receiving module is arranged inside the housing, and the infrared receiving module is used to receive the reflected signal of the infrared signal; the acquisition module also includes: a temperature acquisition module, the temperature acquisition module is connected to the main control module , the temperature acquisition module is used to connect with the infrared receiving module, the temperature acquisition module is used to calibrate the reflected signal and generate the temperature parameter of the winding core.
  • the present application also includes: an explosion-proof valve, the explosion-proof valve is arranged on the cover plate;
  • the acquisition module further includes: a pressure acquisition module, the pressure acquisition module is connected to the explosion-proof valve, the The main control module is connected, and the pressure collection module is used to collect the pressure parameters of the winding core.
  • the cover plate is provided with a through hole;
  • the battery core further includes: a storage cavity and a sealing member, the storage cavity is provided with an opening, and the opening end of the storage cavity is covered on In the circumferential direction of the through hole, the seal is used to seal the through hole;
  • the acquisition module also includes: a pressure acquisition module, the pressure acquisition module is connected to the main control module, and the pressure acquisition module is used for for collecting pressure parameters of the core.
  • the sealing member is made of a piezoelectric material; wherein, the pressure acquisition module is connected to the sealing member.
  • the acquisition circuit further includes: an equalization module, one end of the equalization module is connected to the main control module, and the other end of the equalization module is respectively connected to the positive ear and the negative ear. connection; or, one end of the balance module is connected to the main control module, and the other end of the balance module is respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole; wherein, the balance module is used to control The signal performs an equalization operation on the winding core; and/or, the main control module is used to control the equalization module to perform an equalization operation according to the external signal.
  • the equalization module includes: an equalization resistor, one end of which is connected to the positive ear or the positive pole; a controllable switch, whose controllable end is connected to the positive pole connected to the main control module, and the controllable switch is also connected to the other end of the equalization resistor and the negative ear; or, the controllable end of the controllable switch is connected to the main control module, and the controllable The controllable switch is also connected to the other end of the balancing resistor and the negative pole respectively; wherein, the controllable switch is used to turn on or off according to the control signal; and/or, the main control module is used to The controllable switch is controlled to be turned on or off according to the external signal.
  • controllable switch includes any one of an electronic switch, a MOS tube, and a transistor.
  • the acquisition circuit further includes: an internal resistance detection module, one end of the internal resistance detection module is connected to the main control module, and the other end of the internal resistance detection module is respectively connected to the positive electrode ear, the negative ear is connected; or, one end of the internal resistance detection module is connected to the main control module, and the other end of the internal resistance detection module is connected to the positive pole and the negative pole respectively;
  • the internal resistance detection module is used to detect the voltage change parameter of the winding core; wherein, the main control module is used to obtain the internal resistance parameter of the winding core according to the voltage change parameter.
  • the internal resistance detection module includes: a signal generating unit connected to the positive tab and the main control module respectively; the signal generating unit is used to generate Excitation signal; detection resistor, one end of the detection resistor is connected to the signal generation unit, and the other end of the detection resistor is connected to the negative ear; an analog-to-digital conversion unit, the analog-to-digital conversion unit is respectively connected to the positive electrode The ear, the detection resistor, and the main control module are connected, and the analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to detect the voltage change parameter of the winding core according to the excitation signal.
  • the acquisition circuit further includes: a power protection module, one end of the power protection module is used to connect to an external power supply, and the other end of the power protection module is connected to the main control module.
  • the power supply protection module includes: a power isolation unit, one end of the power isolation unit is used to connect to an external power supply; an electrical signal conversion unit, one end of the electrical signal conversion unit is connected to the power supply The other end of the isolation unit is connected, the other end of the electrical signal conversion unit is connected to the main control module, and the electrical signal conversion unit is used for converting the power supply signal provided by the external power supply.
  • the communication module includes: a first communication unit, the first communication unit includes an isolation subunit, one end of the isolation subunit is connected to the main control module, and the isolation subunit The other end is used to connect with the external device.
  • the communication module includes: a second communication unit configured to connect to the external device through at least one of Bluetooth communication, radio frequency communication, and Wi-Fi communication .
  • the battery module according to the second embodiment of the present application includes: a plurality of battery cells as described in any one of the above embodiments.
  • the battery module according to the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: the working parameters of each battery cell in the battery module can be obtained, thereby avoiding damage to the battery due to ignoring the working state of a certain battery cell.
  • the battery pack according to the third embodiment of the present application includes: at least one battery module as described in the above embodiments; a battery management system connected to the communication module of at least one battery cell.
  • the battery pack according to the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: the battery management system obtains the working parameters of each battery cell in the battery module through the communication module, thereby realizing the detection of the working state of each battery cell, thereby avoiding the The impact on the battery pack due to the neglect of the working state of a certain battery cell.
  • the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present application includes at least one battery pack as described in the above embodiment.
  • the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: the battery management system obtains the working parameters of each battery cell in the battery module through the communication module, thereby realizing the detection of the working state of each battery cell, thereby avoiding the The impact on the battery pack and electric vehicles caused by the neglect of the working state of a certain battery cell.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the cell of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a module block diagram of the acquisition circuit of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of the acquisition circuit of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is another module block diagram of the acquisition circuit of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is another structural schematic diagram of the cell of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is another structural schematic diagram of the cell of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is another structural schematic diagram of the battery cell of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Cell 100 shell 101, cover plate 102, winding core 103, positive pole 104, negative pole 105, acquisition circuit 106, opening 107, positive pole ear 108, negative pole ear 109, acquisition module 110, main control module 111, communication module 112, external equipment 113, electrical signal acquisition module 114, first acquisition tab 115, temperature acquisition module 116, temperature acquisition film 117, explosion-proof valve 118, pressure acquisition module 119, through hole 120, accommodation cavity 121, seal 122, An internal resistance detection module 123 , an equalization module 124 , a power protection module 125 , and an external power supply 126 .
  • orientation descriptions such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc. indicated orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only In order to facilitate the description of the present application and simplify the description, it does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell 100 .
  • the cell 100 includes a casing 101 , a cover plate 102 , a winding core 103 , a positive pole 104 , a negative pole 105 and an acquisition circuit 106 .
  • the casing 101 is provided with at least one opening 107
  • the cover plate 102 is disposed on the opening end of the casing 101 and encapsulates the opening end of the casing 101 .
  • the winding core 103 is disposed inside the casing 101 , and the winding core 103 includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a positive electrode ear 108 and a negative electrode ear 109 , the positive electrode sheet is connected to the positive electrode ear 108 , and the negative electrode sheet is connected to the negative electrode ear 109 .
  • the positive post 104 and the negative post 105 are respectively arranged on the cover plate 102 , the positive post 104 is connected to the positive tab 108 , and the negative post 105 is connected to the negative tab 109 .
  • the collection circuit 106 is arranged inside the casing 101 , and the collection circuit 106 includes at least one chip, and the collection circuit 106 is used to collect the working parameters of the winding core 103 .
  • At least one chip is integrated on the PCB board (or FPC board) according to the type of working parameters of the collected winding core 103, for example: the working parameters include temperature parameters and pressure parameters, then the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor can be integrated On the same PCB board, to form the acquisition circuit 106; or the acquisition circuit 106 is made up of an integrated chip, connecting wire harness and other components and parts (resistance, inductance etc.), wherein, this integrated chip can realize the different types of operating parameters collection.
  • the acquisition circuit 106 is arranged at any position inside the housing 101, and the acquisition circuit 106 is used to perform operations such as collecting working parameters on the winding core 103, so as to realize the detection of the working state of the single battery cell 100, and avoid the The impact on the battery module and the like caused by neglecting the working state of the core 100 is ignored.
  • the collection circuit 106 includes a collection module 110 , a main control module 111 and a communication module 112 .
  • the acquisition module 110 is used to collect the working parameters of the winding core;
  • the main control module 111 is connected with the collection module 110 for generating control signals according to the working parameters;
  • the communication module 112 is connected with the main control module 111 for sending the working parameters according to the control signals to external devices, and/or the communication module 112 is used to receive external signals.
  • the main control module 111 is also used to control the working state of the winding core according to the external signal.
  • the acquisition module 110, the main control module 111 and the communication module 112 can be the components on the PCB (or FPC board) respectively.
  • An independent chip when the acquisition circuit 106 was an integrated chip, the acquisition module 110, the main control module 111 and the communication module 112 were composed of different pins on the integrated chip and components (resistance, inductance, etc.) connected to the pins. )composition.
  • External equipment includes BMS (Battery Management System, battery management system) and other equipment used to manage and maintain single cells and battery modules.
  • the main control module 111 is used to process the working parameters collected by the collection module 110, and send the processed working parameters to the external device through the communication module 112, so that the external device can control the operation parameters of the corresponding single cell according to the working parameters. Judging the working status, so as to avoid the harm caused by ignoring the working status of the single cell.
  • the main control module 111 is also used to receive an external signal from an external device through the communication module 112 , and the main control module 111 controls the charging and discharging of the corresponding single cell according to the external signal. Or the main control module 111 judges the processed working parameters according to the preset working strategy, and controls the working state of the corresponding single battery cell according to the judgment result, so as to ensure the safety of the single battery cell.
  • the connection manner between the communication module 112 and the external device includes at least one of wired connection and wireless connection, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication module 112 includes a first communication unit and/or a second communication unit.
  • the first communication unit includes an isolation subunit, one end of the isolation subunit is connected to the main control module 111 , and the other end of the isolation subunit is used to connect to the external device 113 .
  • the second communication unit is configured to connect with the external device 113 through at least one of Bluetooth communication, radio frequency communication, and Wi-Fi communication.
  • the communication mode between the battery cell and the external device 113 includes at least one of wired communication and wireless communication.
  • the first communication unit includes an isolation subunit to prevent signal interference.
  • the communication method includes wireless communication, at least one of wireless communication methods such as Bluetooth communication, radio frequency communication, and Wi-Fi communication can be selected for signal transmission.
  • the working parameters collected by the collection circuit include at least one of electrical signal parameters, temperature parameters, pressure parameters, and internal resistance parameters.
  • the electrical signal acquisition module can be an independent chip on the PCB board (or FPC board); when the acquisition circuit is an integrated chip, The electrical signal acquisition module is composed of multiple pins on the integrated chip and components connected to the pins.
  • the acquisition module 110 includes an electrical signal acquisition module 114 .
  • the electrical signal acquisition module 114 is respectively connected with the winding core 103 and the main control module 111 , and the electrical signal acquisition module 114 is used for collecting electrical signal parameters of the winding core 103 .
  • the electrical signal parameters include at least one of a voltage parameter (V), a current parameter (I), and a power parameter (P).
  • the collection end of the electrical signal collection module 114 is attached to the winding core 103 to form an electrical connection loop, so as to collect at least one of the voltage, current and power of the loop.
  • the electrical signal acquisition module 114 is also connected to the main control module 111.
  • the electrical signal acquisition module 114 performs analog-to-digital conversion processing on the collected electrical signal parameters, and the main control module 111 judges the electrical signal parameters after the analog-to-digital conversion, or converts the analog
  • the electrical signal parameters after digital conversion are sent to the external device 113 through the communication module 112, so as to realize the electrical signal detection of the single battery cell.
  • the acquisition end includes pins of corresponding chips, and wire harnesses connected to the pins, and the like.
  • the winding core 103 in addition to the positive tab 108 and the negative tab 109, also includes a first collection tab 115 disposed on the positive sheet, and/or a second collection tab disposed on the negative sheet (not shown in the figure).
  • the winding core 103 includes the first collection tab 115, one end of the electrical signal collection module 114 is connected to the first collection tab 115, and the other end of the electrical signal collection module 114 is connected to the negative pole 105 or the negative pole tab, thereby forming a second An electrical connection circuit of the collection tab 115, the electrical signal collection module 114, and the negative plate (or the negative tab 109).
  • the winding core 103 includes the second collection tab
  • one end of the electrical signal acquisition module 114 is connected to the second tab
  • the other end of the electrical signal acquisition module 114 is connected to the positive pole 104 or the positive pole piece, thereby forming the positive pole piece (or positive pole column 104), the electrical signal acquisition module 114, and the electrical connection circuit of the second acquisition tab.
  • the battery cell 100 further includes a first connector and/or a second connector, the first connector and the second connector are any one of a wire harness, a PCB board, and an FPC board, and the first connector and the second connector
  • the components are used to connect the electrical signal acquisition module 114 and the winding core, so that the electrical signal acquisition module 114 and the winding core form an electrical connection loop.
  • both the first connecting element and the second connecting element are disposed inside the housing 101 , for example, disposed on a connection surface between the cover plate 102 and the housing 101 .
  • one end of the first connector is connected with the positive pole ear 108, the other end of the first connector is connected with the electrical signal acquisition module 114, and the electrical signal acquisition module 114 is connected with the negative pole column 105 or the negative pole ear 109; Connect to the negative pole ear 109, the other end of the second connector is connected to the electrical signal acquisition module 114, the electrical signal acquisition module 114 is connected to the positive pole 104 or the positive pole ear 108, so that the electrical signal acquisition module 114 can pass through the first connector and/or Or the second connecting piece realizes the electrical signal collection of the winding core.
  • the temperature acquisition module can be an independent chip on the PCB; when the acquisition circuit is an integrated chip, the temperature acquisition module consists of the integrated It consists of multiple pins on the chip and the components connected to the pins.
  • the collection module 110 further includes a temperature collection module 116 .
  • the temperature collection module 116 is connected with the main control module 111, and the temperature collection module 116 is used to collect temperature parameters of the winding core.
  • the temperature acquisition module 116 is used to connect with the positive pole and/or the negative pole of the winding core.
  • the collection end of the temperature collection module 116 is attached to the positive pole and/or the negative pole of the winding core, so as to collect the temperature parameters of the winding core.
  • the main control module 111 and/or the external device 113 judge whether the charging current of the battery cell is too large, the electrolyte solution is reduced, the ambient temperature is too high, etc. according to the temperature parameter.
  • the main control module 111 will actively disconnect the power supply line of the winding core according to the external signal sent by the external device 113 and/or the main control module 111, so as to suspend the work of the battery cell, so as to ensure that the battery cell and the external environment safety.
  • the first collection tab and the second collection tab can also be used to connect with the temperature collection module 116 in addition to being connected to the electrical signal collection module 110, that is, the first collection tab and the second collection tab
  • the tab can be used as a medium for electrical signal collection and/or temperature collection. It can be understood that the lengths of the first collection tab and the second collection tab may be greater than, or less than, or equal to the length of the positive tab, and the lengths of the positive tab and the negative tab may be equal or unequal. Not specifically limited.
  • a separator (not shown) is provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet of the winding core 103, and the separator is used to separate the positive electrode sheet from the negative electrode sheet to prevent the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet from contact and cause the winding core 103 to short circuit.
  • the battery cell 100 also includes at least one temperature-collecting film 117, and at least one temperature-collecting film 117 is arranged between the separator and the positive electrode sheet, or arranged between the separator and the negative electrode sheet.
  • a temperature-sampling film 117 is inserted between the positive electrode sheet and the diaphragm, and/or between the negative electrode sheet and the diaphragm, and the temperature-sampling film 117 is used to collect temperature parameters of the positive electrode sheet and/or the negative electrode sheet.
  • One end of the temperature collecting film 117 is connected with the temperature collection module described in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, and the temperature collecting film 117 is also used to send the collected temperature parameters to the temperature collection module, so that the temperature collection module, the main control module, the external At least one of the devices controls the working state of the battery cell 100 according to the temperature parameter and/or the processed temperature parameter.
  • the temperature collecting film 117 can be attached to any one of the diaphragm, the positive electrode sheet, and the negative electrode sheet, or there is a gap between the temperature collecting film 117 and the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet, and the diaphragm, the size of the gap and the temperature collecting film 117
  • the specific attachment position can be adaptively adjusted according to the accuracy of temperature collection or other conditions.
  • the depth at which the temperature-collecting film 117 is inserted into the core 103 can also be adjusted adaptively according to actual conditions, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell 100 further includes an infrared emitting module and an infrared receiving module.
  • the infrared emitting module is arranged inside the housing 101, and the infrared emitting module is used for emitting infrared signals to the winding core 103; the infrared receiving module is arranged inside the casing 101, and the infrared receiving module is used for receiving reflected signals of the infrared signals.
  • the acquisition module also includes a temperature acquisition module, which is connected to the main control module. The temperature acquisition module is used to connect with the infrared receiving module. The temperature acquisition module is used to calibrate the reflected signal and generate the temperature parameters of the winding core 103 .
  • the infrared emitting module is used to generate an infrared signal according to a control signal sent by the main control module, or the main control module is used to control the infrared emitting module to generate an infrared signal according to an external signal sent by an external device.
  • the emitting end of the infrared emitting module is arranged towards the direction of the winding core 103, so that the infrared signal can be reflected at the winding core 103 and a corresponding reflection signal is generated.
  • the infrared receiving module receives the reflected signal and sends it to the main control module.
  • the main control module analyzes and processes the reflected signal, or the main control module sends the reflected signal to the external device through the communication module for analysis and processing, so as to obtain the reflected signal.
  • the temperature parameter of the winding core so as to realize the temperature detection of the winding core 103.
  • the pressure acquisition module can be an independent chip on the PCB; when the acquisition circuit is an integrated chip, the pressure acquisition module consists of the integrated It consists of multiple pins on the chip and the components connected to the pins.
  • the cell 100 further includes an explosion-proof valve 118 disposed on the cover plate 102 .
  • the collection module 110 also includes a pressure collection module 119 , which is respectively connected to the explosion-proof valve 118 and the main control module 111 .
  • the pressure collection module 119 is used to collect pressure parameters of the core 103 .
  • the cover plate 102 is provided with a through hole, and the explosion-proof valve 118 is arranged at the through hole and seals the through hole.
  • gas may be generated inside the battery cell 100 , and the gas may gradually increase the air pressure inside the housing 101 , which may cause the battery cell 100 to bulge, leak, and rupture the diaphragm.
  • the collection end of the pressure collection module 119 is set at any position inside the casing 101, the pressure collection module 119 is used to collect the pressure parameters in the casing 101, and the main control module 111 or the external device 113 judges the pressure inside the casing 101 according to the pressure parameters. barometric conditions.
  • the main control module 111 or the external device 113 controls the explosion-proof valve 118 to open and/or perform other emergency operations, so as to provide timely early warning protection for the battery cell 100 .
  • the emergency operation may include suspending the charging operation of the winding core 103, etc., which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the preset threshold can be set adaptively according to the actual situation, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • a through hole 120 is provided on the cover plate 102 of the battery cell 100, and the battery cell 100 also includes a housing chamber 121 and a seal 122, and the housing chamber 121 is provided with an opening for housing The opening end of the cavity 121 is covered in the circumferential direction of the through hole 120 , and the sealing member 122 is used to seal the through hole 120 .
  • the collection module 110 also includes a pressure collection module 119, which is connected to the main control module 111, and the pressure collection module 119 is used to collect pressure parameters of the winding core.
  • a through hole 120 is opened on the cover plate 102, the accommodating cavity 121 is used to seal the through hole 120 on the side facing the external environment, and the sealing member 122 is used to seal the through hole 120 on the side facing the inside of the housing, A sealed cavity is formed between the receiving cavity 121 and the sealing member 122 .
  • the material of the sealing member 122 is a piezoelectric material or a deformable material.
  • the sealing member 122 When the material of the sealing member 122 is a piezoelectric material, the sealing member 122 is squeezed by the gas in the casing to generate a voltage, and the collecting end of the pressure collecting module 119 is attached to Attached to the surface of the seal 122, the pressure acquisition module 119 is used to acquire the voltage and form a pressure parameter according to the voltage.
  • the sealing member 122 is a deformable material, the collecting end of the pressure collecting module 119 is disposed in the sealed cavity formed by the receiving cavity 121 and the sealing member 122 , or the collecting end of the pressure collecting module 119 is attached to the sealing member 122 .
  • the sealing member 122 is squeezed by the gas and deforms toward the sealed cavity, thus causing the sealed cavity to The air pressure in the body increases.
  • the pressure collection module 119 is used to collect pressure parameters in the sealed cavity, and send the pressure parameters to the main control module 111, so as to obtain the pressure parameters of the winding core according to the pressure parameters in the sealed cavity.
  • the pressure parameter in the sealed cavity is greater than the preset threshold, it indicates that the gas pressure in the environment where the winding core is located is too high.
  • the main control module 111 or the external device 113 controls the opening of the explosion-proof valve and/or performs other emergency operations to protect the electric
  • the core 100 performs timely early warning protection.
  • the internal resistance detection module can be an independent chip on the PCB; when the acquisition circuit is an integrated chip, the internal resistance detection module consists of It consists of multiple pins on the integrated chip and components connected to the pins.
  • the acquisition circuit also includes an internal resistance detection module 123, the internal resistance detection module 123 is used to detect the voltage change parameter of the winding core, and the main control module 111 obtains the winding core according to the voltage change parameter. internal resistance parameters.
  • One end of the internal resistance detection module 123 is electrically connected to the main control module 111 , and the other end of the internal resistance detection module 123 is respectively connected to the positive tab and the negative tab.
  • one end of the internal resistance detection module 123 is connected to the main control module 111 , and the other end of the internal resistance detection module 123 is respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole.
  • the internal resistance of the cell includes ohmic internal resistance and polarization internal resistance.
  • the type of internal resistance is not specifically limited, so the following uses internal resistance as a general term for ohmic internal resistance and polarization internal resistance Describe in detail.
  • the internal resistance of the battery cell is an important factor affecting the power performance and discharge efficiency of the battery cell. As the storage time of the battery cell increases, the battery cell will continue to age and its internal resistance will continue to increase. Therefore, the power performance and service life of the battery cell can be judged by the internal resistance parameter.
  • the internal resistance detection module 123 includes a signal generation unit, a detection resistor R1 and an analog-to-digital conversion unit (ADC).
  • the signal generation unit is respectively connected to the positive tab and the main control module 111, and the signal generation unit is used to generate an excitation signal according to the control signal.
  • One end of the detection resistor R1 is connected to the signal generating unit, and the other end of the detection resistor R1 is connected to the negative pole ear.
  • the analog-to-digital conversion unit is respectively connected to the positive tab, the detection resistor R1, and the main control module 111, and the analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to detect the voltage change parameter of the winding core according to the excitation signal.
  • the signal generation unit is connected in series with the detection resistor R1
  • the signal generation unit includes components such as a sine wave generator for generating excitation signals, and the signal generation unit is used to load a
  • the AC input with a small amplitude is used as the excitation signal
  • the analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to detect the change of the voltage at both ends of the winding core (positive tab and negative tab) and obtain voltage change parameters.
  • the main control module 111 analyzes and processes the voltage change parameter, or the main control module 111 sends the voltage change parameter to the external device 113 through the communication module for analysis and processing, so as to obtain the internal resistance parameter of the winding core.
  • the main control module 111 or the external device 113 determines the power performance and/or the remaining service life of the winding core according to the internal resistance parameter, and controls the working state of the winding core according to the power performance and/or the remaining service life.
  • the acquisition circuit 106 further includes an equalization module 124 .
  • One end of the equalization module 124 is connected to the main control module 111 , and the other end of the equalization module 124 is respectively connected to the positive tab and the negative tab.
  • one end of the equalization module 124 is connected to the main control module 111 , and the other end of the equalization module 124 is respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole.
  • the equalization module 124 is configured to perform an equalization operation on the winding core according to a control signal, and/or the main control module 111 is used to control the equalization module 124 to perform an equalization operation according to an external signal.
  • the battery module includes a plurality of batteries as described in the above-mentioned embodiments. Since the voltage or state of charge of each battery is not exactly the same at the time of delivery, or the battery leaks or self-discharges over time, etc. , so that the charging requirements or discharging requirements of each cell in the battery module are inconsistent. Therefore, the battery management system needs to perform balanced management on the cells in the battery module to ensure that the cells in the battery module have the same state of charge.
  • the main control module 111 generates a control signal to control the equalization module 124 to perform an equalization operation on the winding core, and/or the main control module 111 receives the external signal sent by the external device 113 through the communication module, and controls according to the external signal
  • the equalization module 124 equalizes the winding cores.
  • the equalization operation includes a passive equalization operation and an active equalization operation, and below, the passive equalization operation is taken as an example for specific description.
  • the balancing module 124 includes a balancing resistor R2 and a controllable switch K1.
  • One end of the balancing resistor R2 is connected to the positive ear or the positive pole.
  • the controllable end of the controllable switch K1 is connected to the main control module 111, and the controllable switch K1 is also respectively connected to the other end of the balancing resistor R2 and the negative electrode ear; or, the controllable end of the controllable switch K1 is connected to the main control module 111,
  • the controllable switch K1 is also respectively connected to the other end of the balancing resistor R2 and the negative pole.
  • controllable switch K1 is used to turn on or off according to a control signal; and/or, the main control module 111 is used to control the controllable switch K1 to turn on or off according to an external signal.
  • the balancing resistor R2 is connected in series with the controllable switch K1, and the controllable switch K1 includes any one of an electronic switch, a MOS tube and a transistor.
  • the main control module 111 controls the conduction of the controllable switch K1 to conduct the series circuit between the equalizing resistor R2 and the winding core, and the equalizing module 124 uses the equalizing resistor R2 to convert the excess energy of the winding core into heat energy to consume
  • the excess energy of the winding core in the battery module can achieve the balance of the state of charge of each cell in the battery module.
  • the acquisition circuit further includes a power protection module 125 .
  • One end of the power protection module 125 is used to connect to an external power source 126 , and the other end of the power protection module 125 is connected to the main control module 111 .
  • the acquisition circuit 106 is powered by an external power supply 126.
  • the power protection module 125 can be an independent chip on the PCB; when the acquisition circuit 106 is For an integrated chip, the power protection module 125 is composed of multiple pins on the integrated chip and components connected to the pins.
  • the power protection module 125 includes a power isolation unit and an electrical signal conversion unit, and one end of the power isolation unit is used to connect with the external power supply 126; one end of the electrical signal conversion unit is connected with the other end of the power isolation unit, and the other end of the electrical signal conversion unit is connected to the other end of the electrical signal conversion unit.
  • the main control module 111 is connected, and the electrical signal conversion unit is used for converting the power supply signal provided by the external power supply 126 .
  • the power isolation unit includes a power isolation transformer
  • the electrical signal conversion unit includes a charge pump, a diode, an undervoltage protector, an LDO (Low Dropout Regulator, a low dropout linear regulator), etc.
  • the electrical signal conversion unit is used for external power supply 126
  • the provided power supply signal performs operations such as voltage changes to meet the power supply requirements of the acquisition circuit 106 and protect the power supply safety of the acquisition circuit 106 .
  • the components included in the power isolation unit and the electrical signal conversion unit can also be selected adaptively according to the actual situation, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery module, which includes a plurality of battery cells as described in any one of the above embodiments.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery pack, the battery pack includes at least one battery module as described in the above embodiments and a battery management system, and the battery management system is connected to the communication module of at least one battery cell.
  • the battery management system is used to connect with the communication module of each single cell in the battery pack, so as to realize the detection of the working state of each single cell and avoid the The impact on the battery module, etc. caused by being ignored.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide an electric vehicle, which includes at least one battery pack as described in the above embodiments.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种电芯、电池模组、电池包及电动汽车。电芯包括：壳体，设有至少一个开口；盖板，设置于所述壳体的开口端，并封装所述壳体的开口端；卷芯，设置于所述壳体内部，所述卷芯包括正极片、负极片、正极耳和负极耳，所述正极片与所述正极耳连接，所述负极片与所述负极耳连接；正极柱和负极柱，所述正极柱和所述负极柱分别设置于所述盖板上，所述正极柱与所述正极耳连接，所述负极柱与所述负极耳连接；采集电路，设置于所述壳体内部，所述采集电路包括至少一个芯片，所述采集电路用于采集所述卷芯的工作参数。本申请实施例能够对电芯的工作参数进行采集，从而避免了因某些单体电芯工作状态被忽略遗漏而对电池模组等造成的影响。

Description

电芯、电池模组、电池包及电动汽车 技术领域
本申请涉及电芯技术领域，尤其涉及一种电芯、电池模组、电池包及电动汽车。
背景技术
目前，电池模组包括至少两个单体电芯。
在相关技术中，电池管理***需要对电池模组进行数据采集，以根据采集得到的数据对电池模块进行充电、放电以及安全保护等操作。但是，上述操作采集得的数据不能完全涵盖电池模组中所有电芯的数据，使得某些未被采集的单体电芯的工作状态容易被忽略遗漏，从而对电池模组、电池管理***及外部设备的安全造成影响。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本申请提出一种电芯、电池模组、电池包及电动汽车，能够对电芯的工作参数进行采集，从而避免了因某些单体电芯工作状态被忽略遗漏而对电池模组等造成的影响。
根据本申请的第一方面实施例的电芯，包括：壳体，设有至少一个开口；盖板，设置于所述壳体的开口端，并封装所述壳体的开口端；卷芯，设置于所述壳体内部，所述卷芯包括正极片、负极片、正极耳和负极耳，所述正极片与所述正极耳连接，所述负极片与所述负极耳连接；正极柱和负极柱，所述正极柱和所述负极柱分别设置于所述盖板上，所述正极柱与所述正极耳连接，所述负极柱与所述负极耳连接；采集电路，设置于所述壳体内部，所述采集电路包括至少一个芯片，所述采集电路用于采集所述卷芯的工作参数。
根据本申请实施例的电芯，至少具有如下有益效果：通过采集电路对电芯进行工作参数采集等操作，从而实现对单体电芯工作状态的检测，避免了因某些单体电芯工作状态被忽略遗漏而对电池模组等造成的影响。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述采集电路包括：采集模块，用于采集所述卷芯的工作参数；主控模块，与所述采集模块连接，用于根据所述工作参数生成控制信号；通信模块，与所述主控模块连接，用于根据所述控制信号将所述工作参数发送给外部设备，和/或所述通信模块用于接收外部信号；其中，所述主控模块还用于根据所述外部信号控制所述卷芯的工作状态；所述采集模块、所述主控模块 和所述通信模块设置于同一线路板上。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述采集模块包括：电信号采集模块，所述电信号采集模块分别与所述卷芯、所述主控模块连接，所述电信号采集模块用于采集所述卷芯的电压参数、电流参数、功率参数中的至少一种。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述卷芯还包括第一采集极耳，所述第一采集极耳与所述正极片连接；所述电信号采集模块的一端与所述第一采集极耳连接，所述电信号采集模块的另一端与所述负极柱或所述负极耳连接；和/或，所述卷芯还包括第二采集极耳，所述第二采集极耳与所述负极片连接；所述电信号采集模块的一端与所述第二采集极耳连接，所述电信号采集模块的另一端与所述正极柱或所述正极耳连接。
根据本申请的一些实施例，还包括：第一连接件，所述第一连接件设置于所述壳体内部，所述第一连接件的一端与所述正极耳连接，所述第一连接件的另一端与所述电信号采集模块连接；其中，所述电信号采集模块与所述负极柱或所述负极耳连接；和/或，第二连接件，所述第二连接件设置于所述壳体内部，所述第二连接件的一端与所述负极耳连接，所述第二连接件的另一端与所述电信号采集模块连接；其中，所述电信号采集模块与所述正极柱或所述正极耳连接。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述采集模块还包括：温度采集模块，所述温度采集模块与所述主控模块连接，所述温度采集模块用于采集所述卷芯的温度参数；其中，所述温度采集模块用于与所述正极柱和/或所述负极柱连接。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述采集模块还包括：温度采集模块，所述温度采集模块与所述主控模块连接，所述温度采集模块用于采集所述卷芯的温度参数；其中，所述温度采集模块用于与所述第一采集极耳和/或所述第二采集极耳连接。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述采集模块还包括：温度采集模块，所述温度采集模块与所述主控模块连接，所述温度采集模块用于采集所述卷芯的温度参数；所述卷芯还包括隔膜，所述隔膜设置于所述正极片和所述负极片之间；所述电芯还包括至少一个采温薄膜，至少一个所述采温薄膜设置于所述隔膜与所述正极片之间，或至少一个所述采温薄膜设置于所述隔膜与所述负极片之间；其中，所述温度采集模块用于与所述采温薄膜连接。
根据本申请的一些实施例，还包括：红外发射模块和红外接收模块；所述红外发射模块设置于所述壳体内部，所述红外发射模块用于向所述卷芯发射红外信号；所述红外接收模块设置于所述壳体内部，所述红外接收模块用于接收所述红外信号的反射信号；所述采集模块还包括：温度采集模块，所述温度采集模块与所述主控模块连接，所述温度采集模块用于与所述红外接收模块连接，所述温度采集模块用于对所述反射信号进行校准并生成所述卷芯的温度参数。
根据本申请的一些实施例，还包括：防爆阀，所述防爆阀设置于所述盖板上；所述采集模块还包括：压力采集模块，所述压力采集模块分别与所述防爆阀、所述主控模块连接，所述压力采集模块用于采集所述卷芯的压力参数。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述盖板设有一个通孔；所述电芯还包括：收容腔和密封件，所述收容腔设有一个开口，所述收容腔的开口端罩设于所述通孔的周向，所述密封件用于密封所述通孔；所述采集模块还包括：压力采集模块，所述压力采集模块与所述主控模块连接，所述压力采集模块用于采集所述卷芯的压力参数。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述密封件的材料为压电材料；其中，所述压力采集模块与所述密封件连接。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述采集电路还包括：均衡模块，所述均衡模块的一端与所述主控模块连接，所述均衡模块的另一端分别与所述正极耳、所述负极耳连接；或，所述均衡模块的一端与所述主控模块连接，所述均衡模块的另一端分别与所述正极柱、所述负极柱连接；其中，所述均衡模块用于根据所述控制信号对所述卷芯进行均衡操作；和/或，所述主控模块用于根据所述外部信号控制所述均衡模块进行均衡操作。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述均衡模块包括：均衡电阻，所述均衡电阻的一端与所述正极耳或所述正极柱连接；可控开关，所述可控开关的可控端与所述主控模块连接，所述可控开关还分别与所述均衡电阻的另一端、所述负极耳连接；或，所述可控开关的可控端与所述主控模块连接，所述可控开关还分别与所述均衡电阻的另一端、所述负极柱连接；其中，所述可控开关用于根据所述控制信号导通或断开；和/或，所述主控模块用于根据所述外部信号控制所述可控开关导通或断开。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述可控开关包括电子开关、MOS管和晶体管中的任意一种。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述采集电路还包括：内阻检测模块，所述内阻检测模块的一端与所述主控模块连接，所述内阻检测模块的另一端分别与所述正极耳、所述负极耳连接；或，所述内阻检测模块的一端与所述主控模块连接，所述内阻检测模块的另一端分别与所述正极柱、所述负极柱连接；所述内阻检测模块用于检测所述卷芯的电压变化参数；其中，所述主控模块用于根据所述电压变化参数得到所述卷芯的内阻参数。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述内阻检测模块包括：信号发生单元，所述信号发生单元分别与所述正极耳、所述主控模块连接；所述信号发生单元用于根据控制信号生成激励信号；检测电阻，所述检测电阻的一端与所述信号发生单元连接，所述检测电阻的另一端与所述负极耳连接；模数转换单元，所述模数转换单元分别与所述正极耳、所述检测电阻、所述主控模块连接，所述模数转换单元用于根据所述激励信号检测所述卷芯的电压变化参数。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述采集电路还包括：电源保护模块，所述电源保护模块的一端用于与外部电源连接，所述电源保护模块的另一端与所述主控模块连接。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述电源保护模块包括：电源隔离单元，所述电源隔离单元的一端用于与外部电源连接；电信号变换单元，所述电信号变换单元的一端与所述电源隔离单元的另一端连接，所述电信号变换单元的另一端与所述主控模块连接，所述电信号变换单元用于对所述外部电源提供的供电信号进行变换操作。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述通信模块包括：第一通信单元，所述第一通信单元包括隔离子单元，所述隔离子单元的一端与所述主控模块连接，所述隔离子单元的另一端用于与所述外部设备连接。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述通信模块包括：第二通信单元，所述第二通信单元用于通过蓝牙通信、射频通信、Wi-Fi通信中的至少一种方式与所述外部设备连接。
根据本申请的第二方面实施例的电池模组，包括：多个如上述任一实施例所描述的电芯。
根据本申请实施例的电池模组，至少具有如下有益效果：实现了电池模组中的各电芯的工作参数都能够被获取，从而避免了因对某电芯工作状态的忽略遗漏而对电池模组造成的影响。
根据本申请的第三方面实施例的电池包，包括：至少一个如上述实施例所描述的电池模组；电池管理***，与至少一个所述电芯的通信模块连接。
根据本申请实施例的电池包，至少具有如下有益效果：电池管理***通过通信模块获取电池模组中各电芯的工作参数，从而实现了对各电芯工作状态的检测，进而避免了因对某电芯工作状态的忽略遗漏而对电池包造成的影响。
根据本申请的第四方面实施例的电动汽车，至少包括一个如上述实施例所描述的电池包。
根据本申请实施例的电动汽车，至少具有如下有益效果：电池管理***通过通信模块获取电池模组中各电芯的工作参数，从而实现了对各电芯工作状态的检测，进而避免了因对某电芯工作状态的忽略遗漏而对电池包以及电动汽车造成的影响。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请做进一步的说明，其中：
图1为本申请实施例电芯的一结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例采集电路的一模块框图；
图3为本申请实施例采集电路的一电路结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例采集电路的另一模块框图；
图5为本申请实施例电芯的另一结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例电芯的另一结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例电芯的另一结构示意图。
附图标记：
电芯100、壳体101、盖板102、卷芯103、正极柱104、负极柱105、采集电路106、开口107、正极耳108、负极耳109、采集模块110、主控模块111、通信模块112、外部设备113、电信号采集模块114、第一采集极耳115、温度采集模块116、采温薄膜117、防爆阀118、压力采集模块119、通孔120、收容腔121、密封件122、内阻检测模块123、均衡模块124、电源保护模块125、外部电源126。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，涉及到方位描述，例如上、下、前、后、左、右等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，若干的含义是一个以上，多个的含义是两个以上，大于、小于、超过等理解为不包括本数，以上、以下、以内等理解为包括本数。如果有描述到第一、第二只是用于区分技术特征为目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的先后关系。
本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的限定，设置、安装、连接等词语应做广义理解，所属技术领域技术人员可以结合技术方案的具体内容合理确定上述词语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
参照图1，本申请实施例提供了一种电芯100。该电芯100包括壳体101、盖板102、卷芯103、正极柱104、负极柱105和采集电路106。其中，壳体101设有至少一个开口107，盖板102设置于壳体101的开口端，并封装该壳体101的开口端。卷芯103设置于壳体101的内部，卷芯103包括正极片、负极片、正极耳108和负极耳109，正极片与正极耳108连接，负极片与负极耳109连接。正极柱104和负极柱105分别设置于盖板102上，正极柱104与正极耳108连接，负极柱105与负极耳109连接。采集电路106设置于壳体101内部，采集电路106包括至少一个芯片，采集电路106用于采集卷芯103的工作参数。
具体地，根据所采集的卷芯103的工作参数类型，将至少一个芯片在PCB板(或FPC板)上集成，例如：工作参数包括温度参数、压力参数，则可将温度传感器、压力传感器集成在同一块PCB板上，以形成采集电路106；或采集电路106由一个集成芯片、连接线束以及其他元器件(电阻、电感等)组成，其中，该集成芯片能够实现对不同类型的工作参数的采集。采集电路106设置于壳体101内部的任意位置，采集电路106用于对卷芯103进行工作参数采集等操作，从而实现对单体电芯100工作状态的检测，避免了因某些单体电芯100工作状态被忽略遗漏而对电池模组等造成的影响。
参照图2，在一些实施例中，采集电路106包括采集模块110、主控模块111和通信模块112。采集模块110用于采集卷芯的工作参数；主控模块111与采集模块110连接，用于根据工作参数生成控制信号；通信模块112与主控模块111连接，用于根据控制信号将工作参数发送给外部设备，和/或通信模块112用于接收外部信号。其中，主控模块111还用于根据外部信号控制卷芯的工作状态。具体地，当采集电路106由至少一个芯片在PCB(或FPC板)板上集成而成时，采集模块110、主控模块111和通信模块112可以分别为该PCB板(或FPC板)上的一个独立芯片；当采集电路106为一个集成芯片时，采集模块110、主控模块111和通信模块112由该集成芯片上的不同管脚，以及与该管脚连接的元器件(电阻、电感等)组成。外部设备包括BMS(Battery Management System，电池管理***)等用于对单体电芯、电池模组进行管理和维护的设备。主控模块111用于对采集模块110所采集的工作参数进行处理，并将处理后的工作参数通过通信模块112发送给外部设备，使得外部设备能够根据该工作参数对对应的单体电芯的工作状态进行判断，从而避免因对单体电芯工作状态的忽略而造成的危害。
其中，主控模块111还用于通过通信模块112接收外部设备的外部信号，主控模块111根据该外部信号对对应的单体电芯的充放电等工作状态进行控制。或主控模块111根据预设的工作策略对处理后的工作参数进行判断，并根据判断结果对对应的单体电芯的工作状态进行控制，以保证单体电芯的安全。可以理解的是，通信模块112与外部设备的连接方式包括有线连接、无线连接中的至少一种，对此本申请实施例不作具体限定。
例如，参照图3，在一些实施例中，通信模块112包括第一通信单元和/或第二通信单元。第一通信单元包括隔离子单元，隔离子单元的一端与主控模块111连接，隔离子单元的另一端用于与外部设备113连接。第二通信单元用于通过蓝牙通信、射频通信、Wi-Fi通信中的至少一种方式与外部设备113连接。具体地，电芯与外部设备113的通信方式包括有线通信、无线通信中的至少一种。当通信方式包括有线通信时，第一通信单元包括隔离子单元，以防止信号干扰。当通信方式包括无线通信时，可选用蓝牙通信、射频通信、Wi-Fi通信等无线通信方式中的至少一种进行信号传输。
在一些实施例中，采集电路所采集的工作参数包括电信号参数、温度参数、压力参数、内阻参数中的至少一种。以下，结合上述实施例所描述的特征对这四种工作参数的采集进行具体说明。
首先，对电信号参数的采集进行具体说明。可以理解的是，当采集电路由至少一个芯片在PCB板上集成而成时，电信号采集模块可以为该PCB板(或FPC板)上的一个独立芯片；当采集电路为一个集成芯片时，电信号采集模块由该集成芯片上的多个管脚，以及与该管脚连接的元器件组成。
参照图3和图4，在一些实施例中，采集模块110包括电信号采集模块114。电信号采集模块114分别与卷芯103、主控模块111连接，电信号采集模块114用于采集卷芯103的电信号参数。具体地，电信号参数包括电压参数(V)、电流参数(I)、功率参数(P)中的至少一种。电信号采集模块114的采集端贴附于卷芯103上，以形成电连接回路，从而实现对该回路的电压、电流、功率中的至少一种进行采集。电信号采集模块114还与主控模块111连接，电信号采集模块114对采集到的电信号参数进行模数转换处理，主控模块111对模数转换后的电信号参数进行判断，或将模数转换后的电信号参数通过通信模块112发送给外部设备113，从而实现对单体电芯的电信号检测。可以理解的是，在本申请实施例以及下述各实施例汇总，采集端包括对应芯片的管脚、以及与管脚连接的线束等。
例如，参照图3和图5，卷芯103除正极耳108、负极耳109以外，还包括设置于正极片上的第一采集极耳115，和/或设置于负极片上的第二采集极耳(图中未示出)。当卷芯103包括第一采集极耳115时，电信号采集模块114的一端与第一采集极耳115连接，电信号采集模块114的另一端与负极柱105或负极极耳连接，从而形成第一采集极耳115、电信号采集模块114、负极片(或负极耳109)的电连接回路。当卷芯103包括第二采集极耳时，电信号采集模块114的一端与第二极耳连接，电信号采集模块114的另一端与正极柱104或正极片连接，从而形成正极片(或正极柱104)、电信号采集模块114、第二采集极耳的电连接回路。
或者，电芯100还包括第一连接件和/或第二连接件，第一连接件和第二连接件为线束、PCB板、FPC板中的任一种，第一连接件和第二连接件用于连接电信号采集模块114和卷芯，以使得电信号采集模块114与卷芯形成电连接回路。具体地，第一连接件和第二连接件均设置于壳体101内部，例如设置于盖板102与壳体101的连接面上。其中，第一连接件的一端与正极耳108连接，第一连接件的 另一端与电信号采集模块114连接，电信号采集模块114与负极柱105或负极耳109连接；第二连接件的一端与负极耳109连接，第二连接件的另一端与电信号采集模块114连接，电信号采集模块114与正极柱104或正极耳108连接，使得电信号采集模块114能够通过第一连接件和/或第二连接件实现对卷芯的电信号采集。
其次，对温度参数的采集进行具体说明。可以理解的是，当采集电路由至少一个芯片在PCB板上集成而成时，温度采集模块可以为该PCB板上的一个独立芯片；当采集电路为一个集成芯片时，温度采集模块由该集成芯片上的多个管脚，以及与该管脚连接的元器件组成。
参照图4，在一些实施例中，采集模块110还包括温度采集模块116。温度采集模块116与主控模块111连接，温度采集模块116用于采集卷芯的温度参数。其中，温度采集模块116用于与卷芯的正极柱和/或负极柱连接。具体地，温度采集模块116的采集端贴附于卷芯的正极柱和/或负极柱，以实现对卷芯温度参数的采集。主控模块111和/或外部设备113根据该温度参数判断电芯是否出现充电电流过大、电解液减少、环境温度过高等情况。当电芯出现上述情况时，主控模块111根据外部设备113发送的外部信号和/或主控模块111主动断开卷芯的供电线路，以暂停电芯的工作，从而保证电芯以及外部环境的安全。
在一些实施例中，第一采集极耳和第二采集极耳除用于与电信号采集模块110连接以外，还可以用于与温度采集模块116连接，即第一采集极耳和第二采集极耳可作为电信号采集和/或温度采集的媒介。可以理解的是，第一采集极耳、第二采集极耳的长度可以大于、或小于、或等于正极耳的长度，正极耳与负极耳的长度可以相等或不相等，对此本申请实施例不作具体限定。
参照图6，在一些实施例中，卷芯103的正极片和负极片之间设有隔膜(图中未示出)，隔膜用于将正极片与负极片分隔，以防止正极片和负极片接触而造成卷芯103短路。电芯100还包括至少一个采温薄膜117，至少一个采温薄膜117设置于隔膜与正极片之间，或设置于隔膜与负极片之间。具体地，在正极片与隔膜之间，和/或负极片与隔膜之间***一个采温薄膜117，该采温薄膜117用于采集正极片和/或负极片的温度参数。采温薄膜117的一端与上述任一实施例所描述的温度采集模块连接，采温薄膜117还用于将采集到的温度参数发送给温度采集模块，以使得温度采集模块、主控模块、外部设备中的至少一个根据温度参数和/或处理后的温度参数控制电芯100的工作状态。可以理解的是，采温薄膜117可以贴附于隔膜、正极片、负极片中的任一个，或采温薄膜117与正极片、负极片、隔膜均存在间隙，间隙的大小以及采温薄膜117具体的贴附位置可以根据采温精度或其他情况进行适应性调整。此外，采温薄膜117***卷芯103内部的深度也可以根据实际情况进行适应性调整，对此本申请实施例不作具体限定。
在一些实施例中，电芯100还包括红外发射模块和红外接收模块。红外发射模块设置于壳体101 内部，红外发射模块用于向卷芯103发射红外信号；红外接收模块设置于壳体101内部，红外接收模块用于接收红外信号的反射信号。采集模块还包括温度采集模块，温度采集模块与主控模块连接，温度采集模块用于与红外接收模块连接，温度采集模块用于对反射信号进行校准并生成卷芯103的温度参数。
具体地，红外发射模块用于根据主控模块发送的控制信号生成红外信号，或主控模块用于根据外部设备发送的外部信号控制红外发射模块生成红外信号。红外发射模块的发射端朝向卷芯103的方向设置，以使得红外信号能够在卷芯103处反射并生成对应的反射信号。红外接收模块接收反射信号并发送给主控模块，主控模块通过对该反射信号进行分析处理，或主控模块通过通信模块将该反射信号发送给外部设备进行分析处理，以获取反射信号所携带的卷芯的温度参数，从而实现对卷芯103的温度检测。
另外，对压力参数的采集进行具体说明。可以理解的是，当采集电路由至少一个芯片在PCB板上集成而成时，压力采集模块可以为该PCB板上的一个独立芯片；当采集电路为一个集成芯片时，压力采集模块由该集成芯片上的多个管脚，以及与该管脚连接的元器件组成。
参照图4和图6，在一些实施例中，电芯100还包括防爆阀118，防爆阀118设置于盖板102上。采集模块110还包括压力采集模块119，压力采集模块119分别与防爆阀118、主控模块111连接，压力采集模块119用于采集卷芯103的压力参数。具体地，盖板102上设有一通孔，防爆阀118设置于该通孔处并密封该通孔。在电芯100工作过程中，电芯100内部可能会产生气体，该气体导致壳体101内部气压逐渐增大，使得电芯100有可能出现鼓胀、漏液、隔膜胀破等现象。因此，当壳体101内气体压力过大时，壳体101内的气体将冲破防爆阀118并从防爆阀118排出至外部环境，以保证电芯100以及外部设备113的安全。压力采集模块119的采集端设置于壳体101内部的任意位置，压力采集模块119用于采集壳体101内的压力参数，主控模块111或外部设备113根据该压力参数判断壳体101内部的气压情况。当压力参数大于预设阈值时，主控模块111或外部设备113控制防爆阀118打开和/或进行其他应急操作，以对电芯100进行及时的预警保护。可以理解的是，应急操作可以包括暂停卷芯103的充电操作等，对此本申请实施例不作具体限定。预设阈值可以根据实际情况进行适应性设置，对此本申请实施例也不作具体限定。
参照图4和图7，在一些实施例中，电芯100的盖板102上设有一个通孔120，电芯100还包括收容腔121和密封件122，收容腔121设有一个开口，收容腔121的开口端罩设于通孔120的周向，密封件122用于密封该通孔120。采集模块110还包括压力采集模块119，压力采集模块119与主控模块111连接，压力采集模块119用于采集卷芯的压力参数。具体地，在盖板102上开设一通孔120，收容腔121用于对朝向外部环境一侧的通孔120进行密封，密封件122用于对朝向壳体内部一侧的通 孔120进行密封，以在收容腔121与密封件122之间形成密封腔体。其中，密封件122的材料为压电材料或可形变材料，当密封件122的材料为压电材料时，密封件122受到壳体内气体的挤压而产生电压，压力采集模块119的采集端贴附于密封件122的表面，压力采集模块119用于采集该电压并根据该电压形成压力参数。当密封件122为可形变材料时，压力采集模块119的采集端设置于收容腔121与密封件122形成的密封腔体内，或压力采集模块119的采集端贴附于密封件122上。以压力采集模块119的采集端设置于该密封腔体内为例，当壳体内部的气体压力增大时，密封件122受到气体的挤压而发生朝向密封腔体的形变，从而导致该密封腔体内的气压增大。压力采集模块119用于采集密封腔体内的压力参数，并将该压力参数发送给主控模块111，以根据密封腔体内的压力参数得到卷芯的压力参数。当密封腔体内的压力参数大于预设阈值时，表明卷芯所处环境的气体压力过大，此时主控模块111或外部设备113控制防爆阀打开和/或进行其他应急操作，以对电芯100进行及时的预警保护。
最后，对内阻参数的采集进行具体说明。可以理解的是，当采集电路由至少一个芯片在PCB板上集成而成时，内阻检测模块可以为该PCB板上的一个独立芯片；当采集电路为一个集成芯片时，内阻检测模块由该集成芯片上的多个管脚，以及与该管脚连接的元器件组成。
参照图3和图4，在一些实施例中，采集电路还包括内阻检测模块123，内阻检测模块123用于检测卷芯的电压变化参数，主控模块111根据该电压变化参数得到卷芯的内阻参数。内阻检测模块123的一端与主控模块111电连接，内阻检测模块123的另一端分别与正极耳、负极耳连接。或，内阻检测模块123的一端与主控模块111连接，内阻检测模块123的另一端分别与正极柱、负极柱连接。具体地，电芯的内阻包括欧姆内阻和极化内阻，在本申请实施例中，对内阻的类型不作具体限定，因此下述以内阻作为欧姆内阻和极化内阻的统称进行具体描述。电芯内阻是影响电芯功率性能和放电效率的重要因素，随着电芯存储时间的增加，电芯将不断老化，其内阻也不断增大。因此，可以通过内阻参数对电芯的功率性能和使用寿命进行判断。
在一些具体的实施例中，内阻检测模块123包括信号发生单元、检测电阻R1和模数转换单元(ADC)。信号发生单元分别与正极耳、主控模块111连接，信号发生单元用于根据控制信号生成激励信号。检测电阻R1的一端与信号发生单元连接，检测电阻R1的另一端与负极耳连接。模数转换单元分别与正极耳、检测电阻R1、主控模块111连接，模数转换单元用于根据激励信号检测卷芯的电压变化参数。具体地，信号发生单元与检测电阻R1串联连接，信号发生单元包括正弦波发生器等用于生成激励信号的元器件，信号发生单元用于根据控制信号在卷芯的正极耳和负极耳加载一个幅值较小的交流输入作为激励信号，模数转换单元用于检测卷芯两端(正极耳和负极耳)电压的变化情况并得到电压变化参数。主控模块111对该电压变化参数进行分析处理，或主控模块111通过通信模块 将该电压变化参数发送给外部设备113进行分析处理，以得到卷芯的内阻参数。主控模块111或外部设备113根据该内阻参数确定卷芯的功率性能和/或剩余可使用寿命，并根据功率性能和/或剩余可使用寿命控制卷芯的工作状态。
参照图3和图4，在一些实施例中，采集电路106还包括均衡模块124。均衡模块124的一端与主控模块111连接，均衡模块124的另一端分别与正极耳、负极耳连接。或，均衡模块124的一端与主控模块111连接，均衡模块124的另一端分别与正极柱、负极柱连接。其中，均衡模块124用于根据控制信号对卷芯进行均衡操作，和/或主控模块111用于根据外部信号控制均衡模块124进行均衡操作。具体地，电池模组包括多个如上述实施例所描述的电芯，由于出厂时各电芯的电压或荷电状态不完全一致，或电芯随着时间的推移发生漏电或自放电等现象，使得电池模组中各电芯的充电需求或放电需求不一致。因此，电池管理***需对电池模组中的电芯进行均衡管理，以保证电池模组中的电芯具有同样的荷电状态。在本申请实施例中，主控模块111生成控制信号以控制均衡模块124对卷芯进行均衡操作，和/或主控模块111通过通信模块接收外部设备113发送的外部信号，并根据外部信号控制均衡模块124对卷芯进行均衡操作。其中，均衡操作包括被动式均衡操作和主动式均衡操作，以下，以被动式均衡操作为例进行具体说明。
均衡模块124包括均衡电阻R2和可控开关K1。均衡电阻R2的一端与正极耳或正极柱连接。可控开关K1的可控端与主控模块111连接，可控开关K1还分别与均衡电阻R2的另一端、负极耳连接；或，可控开关K1的可控端与主控模块111连接，可控开关K1还分别与均衡电阻R2的另一端、负极柱连接。其中，可控开关K1用于根据控制信号导通或关断；和/或，主控模块111用于根据外部信号控制可控开关K1导通或断开。具体地，均衡电阻R2与可控开关K1串联连接，可控开关K1包括电子开关、MOS管和晶体管中的任意一种。主控模块111通过控制可控开关K1的导通，使得均衡电阻R2与卷芯的串联回路导通，均衡模块124利用均衡电阻R2将卷芯的多余能量转换为热能，以消耗具有高荷电状态的卷芯的多余能量，从而实现电池模组内各电芯的荷电状态平衡。
参照图3和图4，在一些实施例中，采集电路还包括电源保护模块125。电源保护模块125的一端用于与外部电源126连接，电源保护模块125的另一端与主控模块111连接。具体地，采集电路106采用外部电源126进行供电，当采集电路106由至少一个芯片在PCB板上集成而成时，电源保护模块125可以为该PCB板上的一个独立芯片；当采集电路106为一个集成芯片时，电源保护模块125由该集成芯片上的多个管脚，以及与该管脚连接的元器件组成。电源保护模块125包括电源隔离单元和电信号变换单元，电源隔离单元的一端用于与外部电源126连接；电信号变换单元的一端与电源隔离单元的另一端连接，电信号变换单元的另一端与主控模块111连接，电信号变换单元用于对外部电源126提供的供电信号进变换操作。例如，电源隔离单元包括电源隔离变压器，电信号变换单元 包括电荷泵、二极管、欠压保护器、LDO(Low Dropout Regulator，低压差线性稳压器)等，电信号变换单元用于对外部电源126提供的供电信号进行电压变化等操作，以满足采集电路106的供电需求并保护采集电路106的供电安全。可以理解的是，电源隔离单元和电信号变换单元所包括的元器件还可以实际情况进行适应性选取，对此本申请实施例不做具体限定。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电池模组，该电池模组包括多个如上述任一实施例所描述的电芯。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电池包，该电池包包括至少一个如上述实施例所描述的电池模组和电池管理***，电池管理***与至少一个电芯的通信模块连接。具体地，电池管理***用于与电池组中的每一单体电芯的通信模块连接，从而实现对每个单体电芯的工作状态的检测，避免了因某些单体电芯工作状态被忽略遗漏而对电池模组等造成的影响。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电动汽车，该电动汽车包括至少一个如上述实施例所描述的电池包。
上面结合附图对本申请实施例作了详细说明，但是本申请不限于上述实施例，在所属技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本申请宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。此外，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。

Claims (24)

  1. 电芯，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体，设有至少一个开口；
    盖板，设置于所述壳体的开口端，并封装所述壳体的开口端；
    卷芯，设置于所述壳体内部，所述卷芯包括正极片、负极片、正极耳和负极耳，所述正极片与所述正极耳连接，所述负极片与所述负极耳连接；
    正极柱和负极柱，所述正极柱和所述负极柱分别设置于所述盖板上，所述正极柱与所述正极耳连接，所述负极柱与所述负极耳连接；
    采集电路，设置于所述壳体内部，所述采集电路包括至少一个芯片，所述采集电路用于采集所述卷芯的工作参数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述采集电路包括：
    采集模块，用于采集所述卷芯的工作参数；
    主控模块，与所述采集模块连接，用于根据所述工作参数生成控制信号；
    通信模块，与所述主控模块连接，用于根据所述控制信号将所述工作参数发送给外部设备，和/或所述通信模块用于接收外部信号；
    其中，所述主控模块还用于根据所述外部信号控制所述卷芯的工作状态；所述采集模块、所述主控模块和所述通信模块设置于同一线路板上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述采集模块包括：
    电信号采集模块，所述电信号采集模块分别与所述卷芯、所述主控模块连接，所述电信号采集模块用于采集所述卷芯的电压参数、电流参数、功率参数中的至少一种。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述卷芯还包括第一采集极耳，所述第一采集极耳与所述正极片连接；
    所述电信号采集模块的一端与所述第一采集极耳连接，所述电信号采集模块的另一端与所述负极柱或所述负极耳连接；
    和/或，
    所述卷芯还包括第二采集极耳，所述第二采集极耳与所述负极片连接；
    所述电信号采集模块的一端与所述第二采集极耳连接，所述电信号采集模块的另一端与所述正极柱或所述正极耳连接。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的电芯，其特征在于，还包括：
    第一连接件，所述第一连接件设置于所述壳体内部，所述第一连接件的一端与所述正极耳连接， 所述第一连接件的另一端与所述电信号采集模块连接；其中，所述电信号采集模块与所述负极柱或所述负极耳连接；
    和/或，
    第二连接件，所述第二连接件设置于所述壳体内部，所述第二连接件的一端与所述负极耳连接，所述第二连接件的另一端与所述电信号采集模块连接；其中，所述电信号采集模块与所述正极柱或所述正极耳连接。
  6. 根据权利要求2至5任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述采集模块还包括：温度采集模块，所述温度采集模块与所述主控模块连接，所述温度采集模块用于采集所述卷芯的温度参数；
    其中，所述温度采集模块用于与所述正极柱和/或所述负极柱连接。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述采集模块还包括：温度采集模块，所述温度采集模块与所述主控模块连接，所述温度采集模块用于采集所述卷芯的温度参数；
    其中，所述温度采集模块用于与所述第一采集极耳和/或所述第二采集极耳连接。
  8. 根据权利要求2至5任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述采集模块还包括：温度采集模块，所述温度采集模块与所述主控模块连接，所述温度采集模块用于采集所述卷芯的温度参数；
    所述卷芯还包括隔膜，所述隔膜设置于所述正极片和所述负极片之间；所述电芯还包括至少一个采温薄膜，至少一个所述采温薄膜设置于所述隔膜与所述正极片之间，或至少一个所述采温薄膜设置于所述隔膜与所述负极片之间；
    其中，所述温度采集模块用于与所述采温薄膜连接。
  9. 根据权利要求2至5任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，还包括：红外发射模块和红外接收模块；所述红外发射模块设置于所述壳体内部，所述红外发射模块用于向所述卷芯发射红外信号；所述红外接收模块设置于所述壳体内部，所述红外接收模块用于接收所述红外信号的反射信号；
    所述采集模块还包括：温度采集模块，所述温度采集模块与所述主控模块连接，所述温度采集模块用于与所述红外接收模块连接，所述温度采集模块用于对所述反射信号进行校准并生成所述卷芯的温度参数。
  10. 根据权利要求2至5任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，还包括：防爆阀，所述防爆阀设置于所述盖板上；
    所述采集模块还包括：压力采集模块，所述压力采集模块分别与所述防爆阀、所述主控模块连接，所述压力采集模块用于采集所述卷芯的压力参数。
  11. 根据权利要求2至5任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述盖板设有一个通孔；
    所述电芯还包括：收容腔和密封件，所述收容腔设有一个开口，所述收容腔的开口端罩设于所述 通孔的周向，所述密封件用于密封所述通孔；
    所述采集模块还包括：压力采集模块，所述压力采集模块与所述主控模块连接，所述压力采集模块用于采集所述卷芯的压力参数。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述密封件的材料为压电材料；
    其中，所述压力采集模块与所述密封件连接。
  13. 根据权利要求2至5任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述采集电路还包括：
    均衡模块，所述均衡模块的一端与所述主控模块连接，所述均衡模块的另一端分别与所述正极耳、所述负极耳连接；或，所述均衡模块的一端与所述主控模块连接，所述均衡模块的另一端分别与所述正极柱、所述负极柱连接；
    其中，所述均衡模块用于根据所述控制信号对所述卷芯进行均衡操作；和/或，所述主控模块用于根据所述外部信号控制所述均衡模块进行均衡操作。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述均衡模块包括：
    均衡电阻，所述均衡电阻的一端与所述正极耳或所述正极柱连接；
    可控开关，所述可控开关的可控端与所述主控模块连接，所述可控开关还分别与所述均衡电阻的另一端、所述负极耳连接；或，所述可控开关的可控端与所述主控模块连接，所述可控开关还分别与所述均衡电阻的另一端、所述负极柱连接；
    其中，所述可控开关用于根据所述控制信号导通或断开；和/或，所述主控模块用于根据所述外部信号控制所述可控开关导通或断开。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述可控开关包括电子开关、MOS管和晶体管中的任意一种。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述采集电路还包括：
    内阻检测模块，所述内阻检测模块的一端与所述主控模块连接，所述内阻检测模块的另一端分别与所述正极耳、所述负极耳连接；或，所述内阻检测模块的一端与所述主控模块连接，所述内阻检测模块的另一端分别与所述正极柱、所述负极柱连接；所述内阻检测模块用于检测所述卷芯的电压变化参数；
    其中，所述主控模块用于根据所述电压变化参数得到所述卷芯的内阻参数。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述内阻检测模块包括：
    信号发生单元，所述信号发生单元分别与所述正极耳、所述主控模块连接；所述信号发生单元用于根据控制信号生成激励信号；
    检测电阻，所述检测电阻的一端与所述信号发生单元连接，所述检测电阻的另一端与所述负极耳 连接；
    模数转换单元，所述模数转换单元分别与所述正极耳、所述检测电阻、所述主控模块连接，所述模数转换单元用于根据所述激励信号检测所述卷芯的电压变化参数。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述采集电路还包括：
    电源保护模块，所述电源保护模块的一端用于与外部电源连接，所述电源保护模块的另一端与所述主控模块连接。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述电源保护模块包括：
    电源隔离单元，所述电源隔离单元的一端用于与外部电源连接；
    电信号变换单元，所述电信号变换单元的一端与所述电源隔离单元的另一端连接，所述电信号变换单元的另一端与所述主控模块连接，所述电信号变换单元用于对所述外部电源提供的供电信号进行变换操作。
  20. 根据权利要求2至5任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述通信模块包括：
    第一通信单元，所述第一通信单元包括隔离子单元，所述隔离子单元的一端与所述主控模块连接，所述隔离子单元的另一端用于与所述外部设备连接。
  21. 根据权利要求2至5任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述通信模块包括：
    第二通信单元，所述第二通信单元用于通过蓝牙通信、射频通信、Wi-Fi通信中的至少一种方式与所述外部设备连接。
  22. 电池模组，其特征在于，包括：多个如权利要求1至21任一项所述的电芯。
  23. 电池包，其特征在于，包括：
    至少一个如权利要求22所示的电池模组；
    电池管理***，与至少一个所述电芯的通信模块连接。
  24. 电动汽车，其特征在于，至少包括一个如权利要求23所述的电池包。
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