WO2022213788A1 - 总线数据分析方法、装置、设备及汽车诊断*** - Google Patents

总线数据分析方法、装置、设备及汽车诊断*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022213788A1
WO2022213788A1 PCT/CN2022/081419 CN2022081419W WO2022213788A1 WO 2022213788 A1 WO2022213788 A1 WO 2022213788A1 CN 2022081419 W CN2022081419 W CN 2022081419W WO 2022213788 A1 WO2022213788 A1 WO 2022213788A1
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bus
data
communication
automobile
electronic control
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PCT/CN2022/081419
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English (en)
French (fr)
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***
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深圳市道通科技股份有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
    • G05B23/0208—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterized by the configuration of the monitoring system
    • G05B23/0213—Modular or universal configuration of the monitoring system, e.g. monitoring system having modules that may be combined to build monitoring program; monitoring system that can be applied to legacy systems; adaptable monitoring system; using different communication protocols
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/24—Pc safety
    • G05B2219/24065—Real time diagnostics

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of automobile diagnosis, and in particular, to a bus data analysis method, apparatus, device, automobile diagnosis system, and computer-readable storage medium.
  • the automotive bus connecting the electronic control units becomes more and more complex.
  • the communication quality of the automotive bus is very important to the stability and security of the system operation. Some intermittent faults are often caused by the deterioration of the communication quality of the automobile bus.
  • the analysis of the communication quality and performance of the automobile bus has guiding significance for the troubleshooting of the fault.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a bus data analysis method, which is used to solve the problem that the existing automobile diagnostic equipment in the prior art cannot analyze the automobile bus performance.
  • a method for analyzing bus data is provided, which is applied to an automobile diagnostic system, where the automobile diagnostic system is used to acquire communication data on each automobile bus, and the automobile bus is used for electronic Communication between control units, the method comprising:
  • Described target bus is any one or more buses in automobile bus;
  • the displayed content is presented to the user.
  • the analyzing the communication data to obtain an analysis result includes: performing differential data calculation according to the communication data to obtain differential data; filtering the differential data to obtain filtered data decode the filtered differential data according to the preset decoding rules to obtain the decoded data; decode the decoded data according to the preset bus protocol to obtain the decoded data; according to the decoded data Perform the analysis and get the analysis result.
  • the target bus information is bus information of all automobile buses;
  • the analysis results include analysis results corresponding to each of the automobile buses;
  • the preset display mode is an automobile bus topology diagram;
  • the generating the display content according to the analysis result and the preset display mode includes: adding the analysis result to the vehicle bus topology map to obtain the display content; the nodes in the vehicle bus topology map represent various electronic components of the vehicle.
  • a control unit, the edges in the vehicle bus topology diagram represent the vehicle bus between each of the electronic control units.
  • the analysis result includes the communication volume of each electronic control unit and/or the communication load rate of each electronic control unit, and the current state of the electronic control unit, where the current state includes a normal state or a fault state ;
  • the current state is determined according to the communication volume of the electronic control unit and/or the communication load rate of the electronic control unit;
  • the said analysis result is added to the vehicle bus topology map to obtain the display content, including: The communication volume of the control unit and/or the communication load rate of each electronic control unit and the current state are marked in the vehicle bus topology diagram, and the displayed content is obtained.
  • the method before obtaining the query request of the user, before the query request carries the target bus information, the method further includes: obtaining the vehicle bus information between each electronic control unit; The electronic control unit and the vehicle bus information determine the vehicle bus topology map.
  • the target bus information is the bus information of a single vehicle bus;
  • the analysis result is the analysis result of a single vehicle bus;
  • the preset display mode is a single vehicle bus display mode;
  • the display content is generated according to the analysis result and the preset display mode, including:
  • Display content is generated according to the single vehicle bus display mode and the analysis result of the single vehicle bus.
  • the analysis results include the total amount of bus communication messages, the total amount of messages in error frames, the average message amount, the peak message amount, the bus load rate, the message load in error frames, and the communication of the electronic control unit. At least one or more of the amount of data, the communication load rate of the electronic control unit, the error frame context data, and the average rate of error frames; the single-car bus display mode includes list, bar graph, waveform graph, progress bar, sector Graph and one or more of the message tree species.
  • the vehicle diagnostic system includes a diagnostic device host computer and a connecting device, and the diagnostic device host computer obtains the communication data on the automobile bus through the connecting device;
  • the electronic control unit includes an automobile control unit and a connecting device.
  • the vehicle-mounted automatic diagnosis device OBD before obtaining the query request from the user, before the query request carries the target bus information, the method further includes: connecting the connecting device to the vehicle bus of each of the vehicle control units through a probe ;
  • the connection device is connected with the vehicle-mounted automatic diagnosis device OBD.
  • connection device includes a car communication interface and an oscilloscope; the oscilloscope is connected to the car bus of each of the car control units; the oscilloscope communicates with the on-board automatic diagnosis device OBD through the car communication interface connect.
  • a bus data analysis device which is applied in an automobile diagnostic system, where the automobile diagnostic system is used to acquire communication data on each automobile bus, and the automobile bus is used for Communication between electronic control units, the device includes:
  • a request module configured to obtain a user's query request, where the query request carries target bus information
  • the target bus is any one or more buses in the vehicle bus;
  • an analysis module for analyzing the communication data to obtain an analysis result
  • a generating module for generating display content according to the analysis result and a preset display mode
  • the display module is used for displaying the display content to the user.
  • a bus data analysis device including: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a communication bus, the processor, the memory, and the communication interface passing through the communication bus Complete mutual communication; the memory is used for storing at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction enables the processor to perform the operations of the above-mentioned bus data analysis method.
  • an automobile diagnostic system including the above-mentioned bus data analysis device or the above-mentioned bus data analysis device.
  • a computer-readable storage medium where at least one executable instruction is stored in the storage medium, and when the executable instruction is executed on the bus data analysis device, the bus data The analysis device performs the operations of the bus data analysis method as described above.
  • the communication load by acquiring the communication data on the car bus, analyzing the communication data, and displaying the analysis result to the user according to the preset display mode, the communication load, communication quality and The communication frequency and other information between each ECU, and the monitored data are recorded, which effectively improves the efficiency of the user's fault analysis.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an automobile diagnostic system provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for analyzing bus data provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of display content provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of display content provided by another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a bus data analysis device provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a bus data analysis device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • ECU car control unit
  • VCMI a connecting device that integrates an oscilloscope and a car communication interface
  • OBD Abbreviation for On-Board Diagnostics, "on-board automatic diagnostic equipment”.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an automobile diagnostic system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the vehicle diagnostic system 10 includes a diagnostic device host computer 101 and a connection device 102 , and the diagnostic device host computer 101 obtains communication data on the vehicle bus through the connection device 102 .
  • the car bus refers to the bus used for communication connection between various electronic control units in the car, including the car internal bus connecting the car control unit and the diagnosis bus connecting the on-board automatic diagnosis device (OBD) 202; the electronic control unit includes the car
  • OBD on-board automatic diagnosis device
  • the connecting device 102 is connected to the car bus of each of the car control units (only one car control unit 201 is shown in the figure) through probes; the connecting device 102 is also connected to an on-board automatic diagnostic device (OBD) 202 .
  • the connecting device is a VCMI, which includes an oscilloscope for measuring signals, a vehicle communication interface VCI for communicating with cars, a multimeter for measuring signals, and a signal generator for outputting a certain waveform signal.
  • the oscilloscope passes through the probe
  • the oscilloscope is connected to the car bus connected to the car control unit 201 to obtain the communication data of the car bus.
  • the oscilloscope is also connected to the OBD interface through the car communication interface to obtain the data on the diagnosis bus of the on-board automatic diagnosis device 202 .
  • the car diagnostic system 10 can obtain the communication data on the car bus according to the user's request, and can also obtain it automatically on a regular basis or in real time. After obtaining the data on the car bus, analyze the communication data on the car bus to obtain the analysis result. , and use the preset mode to generate display results to display to the user.
  • the oscilloscope of the automobile diagnosis system 10 can obtain the communication data of the automobile bus and send it to the upper computer 101 of the diagnosis equipment, and the upper computer 101 of the diagnosis equipment analyzes the communication data to obtain the analysis result, or the oscilloscope in the connection equipment 101 is receiving the data. After the communication data is received, the FPGA module in the oscilloscope is used for analysis and processing, and the analysis results are obtained.
  • FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of a method for analyzing bus data provided by an embodiment of the present invention, where the method is executed by a device for analyzing bus data.
  • the bus data analysis device may be a computer device, a distributed device, a cloud service device, a terminal, etc., and specifically, may be the above-mentioned car diagnosis system.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 110 Obtain a query request from the user, where the query request carries target bus information.
  • the target bus information includes a target bus identifier, such as the name of the target bus, which may include the names of multiple target buses, or may be a single target bus.
  • the query request also includes a statistical time window, which is the statistical time of the communication data. For example, it can be the statistics on the target bus for a recent period of time, or the statistics of the communication data in a certain historical time period, or it can be from the start point to the The time of the measurement point.
  • the target bus identifier includes CAN_H, CAN_L and so on.
  • FIG. 4 a schematic diagram of the display content provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown.
  • the user can generate a query request through the message statistics interface, the message statistics interface includes a preset automobile bus topology diagram, the nodes in the automobile bus topology diagram represent each electronic control unit of the automobile, and the edges in the automobile bus topology diagram Characterize the vehicle bus between each of the electronic control units.
  • the message statistics interface may also include a bus selection box. The user may select an edge on the message statistics interface to generate the query request, or the user may input a target bus identifier in the bus selection box in the message statistics interface to generate the query request.
  • Step 120 Collect communication data of the target bus according to the target bus information; the target bus is any one or more buses in the automobile bus.
  • the target bus information may be bus information of all vehicle buses, or may be bus information of a single vehicle bus.
  • the oscilloscope samples the voltage of the target bus to obtain the communication data on the target bus, and the voltage can be sampled through the ADC configured in the VCMI.
  • Step 130 Analyze the communication data to obtain an analysis result.
  • the communication data on the target bus is analyzed by an analysis algorithm. It specifically includes the following steps: acquiring communication data from the data cache, where the communication data is bus voltage data of the target bus. Perform differential data calculation according to the communication data to obtain differential data; filter the differential data to obtain filtered differential data; decode the filtered differential data according to a preset decoding rule to obtain decoded data ; decode the decoded data according to a preset bus protocol to obtain decoded data; analyze according to the decoded data to obtain an analysis result.
  • the voltage data of the target bus includes high-voltage data and low-voltage data, such as CAN_H (high-speed CAN bus) and CAN_L (low-speed CAN bus), the voltage of CAN_H
  • the data is V CAN_H
  • the voltage data of CAN_L is V CAN_L
  • the differential data is V CAN_H minus V CAN_L
  • the differential data is the signal difference between the voltage data of the single-wire bus and the ground.
  • the filtering process can be set according to the characteristics of the differential voltage waveform.
  • the filtering process is: using statistical analysis to find the interference point, The data is replaced by electricity, and the value is replaced by the value of the adjacent boundary. In this way, the interference electricity can be effectively filtered, so that the subsequent decoding threshold setting is more reasonable.
  • the decoding process is as follows: the decoding mainly converts the communication data into binary logic data such as 0 1 according to the baud rate and sampling rate of the target bus; it is set according to the decoding threshold.
  • the decode threshold may be a voltage threshold. If the voltage is greater than a certain voltage threshold, it is 1, otherwise it is 0.
  • the number of sampling points corresponding to a logic point is determined by the parameters set by the oscilloscope. Specifically, set the level threshold for decoding according to the characteristics of the target bus.
  • CAN_H can set the level threshold to 1.5V.
  • V CAN_H >1.5V the decoding is 1; when it is less than 1V, the decoding is 0, according to These parameters can be decoded.
  • Decoding process Decoding needs to convert the binary logic data such as logic 01 output from the decoding into a data frame with a data format according to the communication protocol. After the decoding is completed, the decoding is performed according to the bus protocol of the target bus, wherein the VCI of the VCMI includes a plurality of bus protocols, and the decoded data is obtained by decoding the decoded data according to the bus protocol.
  • the decoded decoded data is stored as a log file (log file), and the log file may be a file in formats such as xls, txt, and binary data.
  • the bus protocol of the target bus it can be determined whether there is an abnormal data frame in the decoded data according to the bus protocol of the target bus, and if there is, the part of the data is determined as an error frame.
  • the data segments before and after the error frame are reserved to obtain the error frame context data.
  • the error frame context data is stored in the Log file for subsequent analysis.
  • Different bus protocols define corresponding exceptions to be defined. The bus protocol can be consulted to identify abnormal error frames.
  • the analysis algorithm can be deployed on the upper computer of the diagnostic equipment or in the VCMI. If it is deployed on the upper computer of the diagnostic equipment, after the oscilloscope of the VCMI collects the bus waveform, it transmits the waveform data (bus voltage data) to the upper computer of the diagnosis equipment, and the upper computer of the diagnosis equipment knows in advance the communication rate of the waveform, the sampling rate of the oscilloscope, The characteristics of the bus, etc., the sampling rate of the oscilloscope is set by the upper computer of the diagnosis equipment, and the measured bus type and communication rate are stored in the upper computer of the diagnosis equipment in advance. If deployed in VCMI, the analysis algorithm is set in the FPGA of the oscilloscope, which makes the operation faster. The bus speed, decoding threshold, and bus protocol of the oscilloscope are preset by the upper computer of the diagnostic equipment.
  • the analysis result may include several communication data analysis dimensions in Table 1 below.
  • the following analysis results are obtained through analysis.
  • Each communication data analysis dimension is set with a corresponding threshold. By comparing the analysis result with the threshold, the corresponding internal bus fault, OBD fault, or ECU fault can be determined.
  • S/N Communication data analysis dimension unit 1 The total amount of communication messages frame 2 total number of messages for error frames frame 3 average message frames/sec 4 peak message frames/sec 5 bus load % 6 message payload of the error frame % 7 Communication volume of each ECU frame 8 ECU communication load % 9 Context before and after the error frame 10 Average rate of error frames frames/sec
  • the target bus information is the bus information of all automobile buses, that is, the states of all automobile buses and electronic control units are to be analyzed.
  • the analysis result includes the communication volume of each electronic control unit and/or the communication load rate of each electronic control unit, the current state of the electronic control unit, and the current state includes a normal state or a fault state; the current state is based on the electronic control unit.
  • the communication volume of the control unit and/or the communication load rate of the electronic control unit is determined. Specifically, the communication data on each target bus in the target time period is collected according to the vehicle bus topology map, and the above differential calculation, filtering, decoding and decoding are performed to obtain the analysis result.
  • the target time period is determined according to the user's query request.
  • the preset display mode is a single vehicle bus display mode, that is, the user wants to analyze a single target bus.
  • Analysis of a single bus The analysis results include the total number of bus communication messages, the total number of messages in error frames, the average message volume, the peak message volume, the bus load rate, the message load of error frames, the communication volume of the electronic control unit, the At least one or more of communication load rate, error frame context data, and average rate of error frames.
  • the communication data on the target bus in the target time period is collected according to the target bus identifier, and the above differential calculation, filtering, decoding and decoding are performed to obtain the analysis result.
  • the target time period is determined according to the user's query request.
  • Step 140 Generate display content according to the analysis result and a preset display mode.
  • the single-car bus display mode includes one or more of a list, a bar graph, a waveform graph, a progress bar, a fan graph, and a message tree.
  • Display content is generated according to the single vehicle bus display mode and the analysis result of the single vehicle bus.
  • different display modes may be adopted for different communication data analysis dimensions. As shown in Table 2 below, several preferred display modes corresponding to the communication data analysis dimensions are given.
  • Table 2 The optimal display mode corresponding to the communication data analysis dimension
  • the target bus information is the bus information of all automobile buses, that is, the states of all automobile buses and electronic control units should be analyzed.
  • the displayed content is obtained, including: marking the communication volume of each electronic control unit and/or the communication load rate of each electronic control unit and the current state in the vehicle
  • the displayed content is obtained.
  • the communication load rate includes the occupancy rate of the ECU, etc., and it is updated in the car bus topology diagram. If the occupancy rate is too high, it means that the ECU is faulty.
  • Step 150 Present the displayed content to the user.
  • the user after the user acquires the displayed content, the user can perform corresponding subsequent analysis according to the displayed content and the Log file.
  • the communication load by acquiring the communication data on the car bus, analyzing the communication data, and displaying the analysis result to the user according to the preset display mode, the communication load, communication quality and The communication frequency and other information between each ECU, and the monitored data are recorded, which effectively improves the efficiency of the user's fault analysis.
  • the apparatus 200 includes: a request module 210 , a collection module 220 , an analysis module 230 , a generation module 240 and a display module 250 .
  • a request module 210 configured to obtain a user's query request, where the query request carries target bus information
  • a collection module 220 configured to collect communication data of the target bus according to the target bus information;
  • the target bus is any one or more buses in the vehicle bus;
  • an analysis module 230 configured to analyze the communication data to obtain an analysis result
  • a generating module 240 configured to generate display content according to the analysis result and a preset display mode
  • the display module 250 is configured to display the displayed content to the user.
  • the analyzing the communication data to obtain an analysis result includes: performing differential data calculation according to the communication data to obtain differential data; filtering the differential data to obtain filtered data decode the filtered differential data according to the preset decoding rules to obtain the decoded data; decode the decoded data according to the preset bus protocol to obtain the decoded data; according to the decoded data Perform the analysis and get the analysis result.
  • the target bus information is bus information of all automobile buses;
  • the analysis results include analysis results corresponding to each of the automobile buses;
  • the preset display mode is an automobile bus topology diagram;
  • the generating the display content according to the analysis result and the preset display mode includes: adding the analysis result to the vehicle bus topology map to obtain the display content; the nodes in the vehicle bus topology map represent various electronic components of the vehicle A control unit, the edges in the vehicle bus topology diagram represent the vehicle bus between each of the electronic control units.
  • the analysis result includes the communication volume of each electronic control unit and/or the communication load rate of each electronic control unit, and the current state of the electronic control unit, where the current state includes a normal state or a fault state ;
  • the current state is determined according to the communication volume of the electronic control unit and/or the communication load rate of the electronic control unit;
  • the said analysis result is added to the vehicle bus topology map to obtain the display content, including: The communication volume of the control unit and/or the communication load rate of each electronic control unit and the current state are marked in the vehicle bus topology diagram, and the displayed content is obtained.
  • the method before obtaining the query request of the user, before the query request carries the target bus information, the method further includes: obtaining the vehicle bus information between each electronic control unit; The electronic control unit and the vehicle bus information determine the vehicle bus topology map.
  • the target bus information is the bus information of a single vehicle bus;
  • the analysis result is the analysis result of a single vehicle bus;
  • the preset display mode is a single vehicle bus display mode;
  • the display content is generated according to the analysis result and the preset display mode, including:
  • Display content is generated according to the single vehicle bus display mode and the analysis result of the single vehicle bus.
  • the analysis results include the total amount of bus communication messages, the total amount of messages in error frames, the average message amount, the peak message amount, the bus load rate, the message load in error frames, and the communication of the electronic control unit. At least one or more of the amount of data, the communication load rate of the electronic control unit, the error frame context data, and the average rate of error frames; the single-car bus display mode includes list, bar graph, waveform graph, progress bar, sector Graph and one or more of the message tree species.
  • the vehicle diagnostic system includes a diagnostic device host computer and a connecting device, and the diagnostic device host computer obtains the communication data on the automobile bus through the connecting device;
  • the electronic control unit includes an automobile control unit and a connecting device.
  • the vehicle-mounted automatic diagnosis device OBD before obtaining the query request from the user, before the query request carries the target bus information, the method further includes: connecting the connecting device to the vehicle bus of each of the vehicle control units through a probe ;
  • the connection device is connected with the vehicle-mounted automatic diagnosis device OBD.
  • the connection device includes a car communication interface and an oscilloscope; the oscilloscope is connected to the car bus of each of the car control units; the oscilloscope communicates with the on-board automatic diagnosis device OBD through the car communication interface connect.
  • the connection device includes a car communication interface and an oscilloscope; the oscilloscope is connected to the car bus of each of the car control units; the oscilloscope communicates with the on-board automatic diagnosis device OBD through the car communication interface connect.
  • OBD on-board automatic diagnosis device
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a bus data analysis device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the specific embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific implementation of the bus data analysis device.
  • the bus data analysis device may include: a processor (processor) 302 , a communication interface (Communications Interface) 304 , a memory (memory) 306 , and a communication bus 308 .
  • the processor 302 , the communication interface 304 , and the memory 306 communicate with each other through the communication bus 308 .
  • the communication interface 304 is used for communicating with network elements of other devices such as clients or other servers.
  • the processor 302 is configured to execute the program 310, and specifically may execute the relevant steps in the above-mentioned embodiments of the method for a bus data analysis device.
  • program 310 may include program code, which includes computer-executable instructions.
  • the processor 302 may be a central processing unit CPU, or an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention.
  • the one or more processors included in the bus data analysis device may be the same type of processors, such as one or more CPUs; or may be different types of processors, such as one or more CPUs and one or more ASICs.
  • the memory 306 is used to store the program 310 .
  • Memory 306 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory.
  • the program 310 can be specifically called by the processor 302 to make the bus data analysis device perform the following operations:
  • Described target bus is any one or more buses in automobile bus;
  • the displayed content is presented to the user.
  • the analyzing the communication data to obtain an analysis result includes: performing differential data calculation according to the communication data to obtain differential data; filtering the differential data to obtain filtered data decode the filtered differential data according to the preset decoding rules to obtain the decoded data; decode the decoded data according to the preset bus protocol to obtain the decoded data; according to the decoded data Perform the analysis and get the analysis result.
  • the target bus information is bus information of all automobile buses;
  • the analysis results include analysis results corresponding to each of the automobile buses;
  • the preset display mode is an automobile bus topology diagram;
  • the generating the display content according to the analysis result and the preset display mode includes: adding the analysis result to the vehicle bus topology map to obtain the display content; the nodes in the vehicle bus topology map represent various electronic components of the vehicle.
  • a control unit, the edges in the vehicle bus topology diagram represent the vehicle bus between each of the electronic control units.
  • the analysis result includes the communication volume of each electronic control unit and/or the communication load rate of each electronic control unit, and the current state of the electronic control unit, where the current state includes a normal state or a fault state ;
  • the current state is determined according to the communication volume of the electronic control unit and/or the communication load rate of the electronic control unit;
  • the said analysis result is added to the vehicle bus topology map to obtain the display content, including: The communication volume of the control unit and/or the communication load rate of each electronic control unit and the current state are marked in the vehicle bus topology diagram, and the displayed content is obtained.
  • the method before obtaining the query request of the user, before the query request carries the target bus information, the method further includes: obtaining the vehicle bus information between each electronic control unit; The electronic control unit and the vehicle bus information determine the vehicle bus topology map.
  • the target bus information is the bus information of a single vehicle bus;
  • the analysis result is the analysis result of a single vehicle bus;
  • the preset display mode is a single vehicle bus display mode;
  • the display content is generated according to the analysis result and the preset display mode, including:
  • Display content is generated according to the single vehicle bus display mode and the analysis result of the single vehicle bus.
  • the analysis results include the total amount of bus communication messages, the total amount of messages in error frames, the average message amount, the peak message amount, the bus load rate, the message load in error frames, and the communication of the electronic control unit. At least one or more of the amount of data, the communication load rate of the electronic control unit, the error frame context data, and the average rate of error frames; the single-car bus display mode includes list, bar graph, waveform graph, progress bar, sector Graph and one or more of the message tree species.
  • the vehicle diagnostic system includes a diagnostic device host computer and a connecting device, and the diagnostic device host computer obtains the communication data on the automobile bus through the connecting device;
  • the electronic control unit includes an automobile control unit and a connecting device.
  • the vehicle-mounted automatic diagnosis device OBD before obtaining the query request from the user, before the query request carries the target bus information, the method further includes: connecting the connecting device to the vehicle bus of each of the vehicle control units through a probe ;
  • the connection device is connected with the vehicle-mounted automatic diagnosis device OBD.
  • the connection device includes a car communication interface and an oscilloscope; the oscilloscope is connected to the car bus of each of the car control units; the oscilloscope communicates with the on-board automatic diagnosis device OBD through the car communication interface connect.
  • the connection device includes a car communication interface and an oscilloscope; the oscilloscope is connected to the car bus of each of the car control units; the oscilloscope communicates with the on-board automatic diagnosis device OBD through the car communication interface connect.
  • OBD on-board automatic diagnosis device
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the storage medium stores at least one executable instruction, and when the executable instruction is run on a bus data analysis device, causes the bus data analysis device to execute any of the above methods
  • the bus data analysis method in the embodiment is not limited to:
  • the executable instructions can specifically be used to cause the bus data analysis device to perform the following operations:
  • the communication data of the target bus is collected according to the target bus information;
  • the target bus is any one or more buses in the vehicle bus;
  • the displayed content is presented to the user.
  • the analyzing the communication data to obtain an analysis result includes: performing differential data calculation according to the communication data to obtain differential data; filtering the differential data to obtain filtered data decode the filtered differential data according to the preset decoding rules to obtain the decoded data; decode the decoded data according to the preset bus protocol to obtain the decoded data; according to the decoded data Perform the analysis and get the analysis result.
  • the target bus information is bus information of all automobile buses;
  • the analysis results include analysis results corresponding to each of the automobile buses;
  • the preset display mode is an automobile bus topology diagram;
  • the generating the display content according to the analysis result and the preset display mode includes: adding the analysis result to the vehicle bus topology map to obtain the display content; the nodes in the vehicle bus topology map represent various electronic components of the vehicle.
  • a control unit, the edges in the vehicle bus topology diagram represent the vehicle bus between each of the electronic control units.
  • the analysis result includes the communication volume of each electronic control unit and/or the communication load rate of each electronic control unit, and the current state of the electronic control unit, where the current state includes a normal state or a fault state ;
  • the current state is determined according to the communication volume of the electronic control unit and/or the communication load rate of the electronic control unit;
  • the said analysis result is added to the vehicle bus topology map to obtain the display content, including: The communication volume of the control unit and/or the communication load rate of each electronic control unit and the current state are marked in the vehicle bus topology diagram, and the displayed content is obtained.
  • the method before obtaining the query request of the user, before the query request carries the target bus information, the method further includes: obtaining the vehicle bus information between each electronic control unit; The electronic control unit and the vehicle bus information determine the vehicle bus topology map.
  • the target bus information is the bus information of a single vehicle bus;
  • the analysis result is the analysis result of a single vehicle bus;
  • the preset display mode is a single vehicle bus display mode;
  • the display content is generated according to the analysis result and the preset display mode, including:
  • Display content is generated according to the single vehicle bus display mode and the analysis result of the single vehicle bus.
  • the analysis results include the total amount of bus communication messages, the total amount of messages in error frames, the average message amount, the peak message amount, the bus load rate, the message load in error frames, and the communication of the electronic control unit. At least one or more of the amount of data, the communication load rate of the electronic control unit, the error frame context data, and the average rate of error frames; the single-car bus display mode includes list, bar graph, waveform graph, progress bar, sector Graph and one or more of the message tree species.
  • the vehicle diagnostic system includes a diagnostic device host computer and a connecting device, and the diagnostic device host computer obtains the communication data on the automobile bus through the connecting device;
  • the electronic control unit includes an automobile control unit and a connecting device.
  • the vehicle-mounted automatic diagnosis device OBD before obtaining the query request from the user, before the query request carries the target bus information, the method further includes: connecting the connecting device to the vehicle bus of each of the vehicle control units through a probe ;
  • the connection device is connected with the vehicle-mounted automatic diagnosis device OBD.
  • the connection device includes a car communication interface and an oscilloscope; the oscilloscope is connected to the car bus of each of the car control units; the oscilloscope communicates with the on-board automatic diagnosis device OBD through the car communication interface connect.
  • the connection device includes a car communication interface and an oscilloscope; the oscilloscope is connected to the car bus of each of the car control units; the oscilloscope communicates with the on-board automatic diagnosis device OBD through the car communication interface connect.
  • OBD on-board automatic diagnosis device
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an automobile diagnosis system, including the above-mentioned bus data analysis device or the above-mentioned bus data analysis device.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a bus data analysis apparatus, which is used for executing the above bus data analysis method.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer program, which can be invoked by a processor to cause a bus data analysis device to execute the bus data analysis method in any of the above method embodiments.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes a computer program stored on a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program includes program instructions.
  • the program instructions When the program instructions are run on a computer, the computer is made to execute any of the above.
  • modules in the device in the embodiment can be adaptively changed and arranged in one or more devices different from the embodiment.
  • the modules or units or components in the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and they may be divided into multiple sub-modules or sub-units or sub-assemblies. All features disclosed in this specification (including accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) and any method so disclosed may be employed in any combination, unless at least some of such features and/or procedures or elements are mutually exclusive. All processes or units of equipment are combined.
  • Each feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise.

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Abstract

一种总线数据分析方法，应用于汽车诊断***中，汽车诊断***用于获取各个汽车总线上的通信数据，汽车总线用于汽车的电子控制单元之间的通信，方法包括：获取用户的查询请求，查询请求中携带有目标总线信息（110）；根据目标总线信息采集目标总线的通信数据；目标总线为汽车总线中的任意一条或多条总线（120）；对通信数据进行分析，得到分析结果（130）；根据分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容（140）；将显示内容展示给用户（150）。实现了对通信质量进行有效的分析。

Description

总线数据分析方法、装置、设备及汽车诊断***
本申请要求于2021年04月09日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110385199.4、申请名称为“总线数据分析方法、装置、设备及汽车诊断***”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明实施例涉及汽车诊断技术领域，具体涉及一种总线数据分析方法、装置、设备、汽车诊断***及计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
随着汽车***中的电子控制单元越来越多，连接电子控制单元之间的汽车总线越来越复杂，汽车总线的通信质量对***运行的稳定性和安全性非常重要。一些间歇性的故障常常由于汽车总线通信质量的恶化引起，分析汽车总线的通信质量和性能，对故障的排查具有指导性的意义。然而发明人发现，现有的汽车诊断工具都不具备对总线通信质量和性能进行分析的功能，如何通过汽车诊断***进行汽车总线性能分析，对于汽车诊断具有重要的实用价值。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本发明实施例提供了一种总线数据分析方法，用于解决现有技术中存在的现有汽车诊断设备无法对汽车总线性能进行分析问题。
根据本发明实施例的一个方面，提供了一种总线数据分析方法，应用于汽车诊断***中，所述汽车诊断***用于获取各个汽车总线上的通信数据，所述汽车总线用于汽车的电子控制单元之间的通信，所述方法包括：
获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息；
根据所述目标总线信息采集目标总线的通信数据；所述目标总线为汽车总 线中的任意一条或多条总线；
对所述通信数据进行分析，得到分析结果；
根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容；
将所述显示内容展示给所述用户。
在一种可选的方式中，所述对所述通信数据进行分析，得到分析结果，包括：根据所述通信数据进行差分数据计算，得到差分数据；对所述差分数据进行过滤，得到过滤后的差分数据；对过滤后的差分数据按照预设的译码规则进行译码，得到译码数据；对所述译码数据按照预设的总线协议进行解码，得到解码数据；根据所述解码数据进行分析，得到分析结果。
在一种可选的方式中，所述目标总线信息为所有汽车总线的总线信息；所述分析结果包括各个所述汽车总线对应的分析结果；所述预设的显示模式为汽车总线拓扑图；所述根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容，包括：将所述分析结果添加至汽车总线拓扑图中，得到显示内容；所述汽车总线拓扑图中的节点表征汽车的各个电子控制单元，所述汽车总线拓扑图中的边表征各个所述电子控制单元之间的汽车总线。
在一种可选的方式中，所述分析结果包括各个电子控制单元的通信量和/或各个电子控制单元的通信负荷率、电子控制单元的当前状态，所述当前状态包括正常状态或故障状态；所述当前状态根据所述电子控制单元的通信量和/或电子控制单元的通信负荷率确定；所述将所述分析结果添加至汽车总线拓扑图中，得到显示内容，包括：将各个电子控制单元的通信量和/或各个电子控制单元的通信负荷率以及当前状态标记在汽车总线拓扑图中，得到显示内容。
在一种可选的方式中，所述获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息之前，所述方法还包括：获取各个电子控制单元之间的汽车总线信息；根据各个所述电子控制单元以及所述汽车总线信息确定所述汽车总线拓扑图。
在一种可选的方式中，所述目标总线信息为单个汽车总线的总线信息；所述分析结果为单个汽车总线的分析结果；所述预设的显示模式为单汽车总线显示模式；所述根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容，包括：
根据所述单汽车总线显示模式及单个汽车总线的分析结果生成显示内容。
在一种可选的方式中，所述分析结果包括总线通信消息总量、错误帧的消息总量、平均消息量、峰值消息量、总线负荷率、错误帧的消息负荷、电子控制单元的通信量、电子控制单元的通信负荷率、错误帧上下文数据、错误帧的平均速率中的至少一种或多种；所述单汽车总线显示模式包括列表、条形图、波形图、进度条、扇形图以及消息树种的一种或多种。
在一种可选的方式中，所述汽车诊断***包括诊断设备上位机及连接设备，所述诊断设备上位机通过所述连接设备获取汽车总线上的通信数据；电子控制单元包括汽车控制单元及车载自动诊断设备OBD；所述获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息之前，所述方法还包括：所述连接设备通过探针连接至各个所述汽车控制单元的汽车总线；所述连接设备与车载自动诊断设备OBD连接。
在一种可选的方式中，所述连接设备包括汽车通信接口及示波器；所述示波器连接至各个所述汽车控制单元的汽车总线；所述示波器通过所述汽车通信接口与车载自动诊断设备OBD连接。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面，提供了一种总线数据分析装置，应用于汽车诊断***中，所述汽车诊断***用于获取各个汽车总线上的通信数据，所述汽车总线用于汽车的电子控制单元之间的通信，所述装置包括：
请求模块，用于获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息；
采集模块，用于根据所述目标总线信息采集目标总线的通信数据；所述目标总线为汽车总线中的任意一条或多条总线；
分析模块，用于对所述通信数据进行分析，得到分析结果；
生成模块，用于根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容；
显示模块，用于将所述显示内容展示给所述用户。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面，提供了一种总线数据分析设备，包括：处理器、存储器、通信接口和通信总线，所述处理器、所述存储器和所述通信接 口通过所述通信总线完成相互间的通信；所述存储器用于存放至少一可执行指令，所述可执行指令使所述处理器执行上述的总线数据分析方法的操作。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面，提供了一种汽车诊断***，包括上述的总线数据分析装置或上述的总线数据分析设备。
根据本发明实施例的又一方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述存储介质中存储有至少一可执行指令，所述可执行指令在总线数据分析设备上运行时，使得总线数据分析设备执行如上述的总线数据分析方法的操作。
本发明实施例通过获取汽车总线上的通信数据，对通信数据进行分析，并将分析结果按照预设的显示模式显示给用户，能够侦听汽车诊断总线和汽车内部总线的通信负荷、通信质量以及各ECU之间的通信频率等信息，并对侦听的数据进行记录，有效提高了用户进行故障分析的效率。
上述说明仅是本发明实施例技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明实施例的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本发明实施例的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本发明的具体实施方式。
附图说明
附图仅用于示出实施方式，而并不认为是对本发明的限制。而且在整个附图中，用相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1示出了本发明实施例提供的汽车诊断***的结构示意图；
图2示出了本发明实施例提供的总线数据分析方法的流程示意图；
图3示出了本发明实施例提供的显示内容的示意图；
图4示出了本发明另一实施例提供的显示内容的示意图；
图5示出了本发明实施例提供的总线数据分析装置的结构示意图；
图6示出了本发明实施例提供的总线数据分析设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本发明的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显示了本发明的示例性实施例，然而应当理解，可以以各种形式实现本发明而不应被这里阐述的实施例所限制。
首先，对本发明实施例中所出现的相关技术术语进行解释：
ECU：汽车控制单元；
CAN/K-Line/PWM/LIN/FlexRay：总线通信协议；
VCMI：一种集成示波器和汽车通信接口的连接设备；
OBD：On-Board Diagnostics的缩写，“车载自动诊断设备”。
请参阅图1，图1示出了本发明实施例提供的汽车诊断***的结构示意图。其中，所述汽车诊断***10包括诊断设备上位机101及连接设备102，所述诊断设备上位机101通过所述连接设备102获取汽车总线上的通信数据。该汽车总线指的是汽车中各个电子控制单元之间进行通信连接所使用的总线，包括连接汽车控制单元的汽车内部总线以及连接车载自动诊断设备(OBD)202的诊断总线；电子控制单元包括汽车中的各个ECU201以及OBD202；其中，汽车控制单元201与车载自动诊断设备202通过总线连接至网关，再与车载自动诊断设备202通信。所述连接设备102通过探针连接至各个所述汽车控制单元(图中仅示出一个汽车控制单元201)的汽车总线；所述连接设备102还与车载自动诊断设备(OBD)202连接。其中，该连接设备为VCMI，该VCMI中包括用于测量信号的示波器、用于与汽车通信的汽车通信接口VCI、用于测量信号的万用表以及输出一定波形信号的信号发生器，示波器通过探针与连接汽车控制单元201的汽车总线连接，从而获取该汽车总线的通信数据，示波器还通过汽车通信接口与OBD的接口连接，以获取车载自动诊断设备202的诊断总线上的数据。所述汽车诊断***10可以根据用户请求来获取汽车总线上的通信数据，也可以自动定期或实时的获取，在获取汽车总线上的数据后，对汽车总线上的通信数据进行分析，得到分析结果，并采用预设的模式生成显示结果，以显示给用户。其中，可以是汽车诊断***10的示波器在获取汽车总线的通信数据后发送给诊断设备上位机101，诊断设备上位机101对通信数据分 析得到分析结果，也可以是连接设备101中的示波器在接收到通信数据后，通过示波器内的FPGA模块进行分析处理，得到分析结果。
图2示出了本发明实施例提供的总线数据分析方法的流程图，该方法由总线数据分析设备执行。该总线数据分析设备可以是计算机设备、分布式设备、云服务设备、终端等，具体地，可以是上述的汽车诊段***。如图2所示，该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤110：获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息。
其中，目标总线信息包括目标总线标识，如目标总线的名称，可以包括多个目标总线的名称，也可以是单个目标总线。查询请求中还包括统计时窗，该统计视窗为通信数据的统计时间，如可以是目标总线上最近一段时间的统计，或者某历史时间段内的通信数据的统计，也可以是从开始点到测量点的时间。如，对于CAN总线，目标总线标识包括CAN_H，CAN_L等。
本发明实施例中，如图4所示，示出了本发明实施例提供的显示内容的示意图。用户可以通过在消息统计界面来生成查询请求，该消息统计界面包括预设的汽车总线拓扑图，该汽车总线拓扑图中的节点表征汽车的各个电子控制单元，所述汽车总线拓扑图中的边表征各个所述电子控制单元之间的汽车总线。该消息统计界面还可以包括总线选择框。可以是用户在消息统计界面上选择某条边进行生成查询请求，也可以是用户在消息统计界面中的总线选择框中输入某目标总线标识，来生成查询请求。
步骤120：根据所述目标总线信息采集目标总线的通信数据；所述目标总线为汽车总线中的任意一条或多条总线。
其中，所述目标总线信息可以为所有汽车总线的总线信息，也可以为单个汽车总线的总线信息。
本发明实施例中，通过VCMI中的示波器采集目标总线上的通信数据后，将采集的数据存放在数据缓存中。其中，示波器对目标总线进行电压采样，得到目标总线上的通信数据，可以通过VCMI中配置的ADC进行电压采样。
步骤130：对所述通信数据进行分析，得到分析结果。
本发明实施例中，在得到通信数据之后，需要先对通信数据进行差分计算、过滤、译码及解码等操作，再通过分析算法分析目标总线上通信数据的情况。具体包括以下步骤：从数据缓存中获取通信数据，该通信数据为目标总线的总线电压数据。根据所述通信数据进行差分数据计算，得到差分数据；对所述差分数据进行过滤，得到过滤后的差分数据；对过滤后的差分数据按照预设的译码规则进行译码，得到译码数据；对所述译码数据按照预设的总线协议进行解码，得到解码数据；根据所述解码数据进行分析，得到分析结果。其中，对于差分数据计算：当目标总线为双线总线时，其目标总线的电压数据包括高电压数据和低电压数据，如对于CAN_H(高速CAN总线)和CAN_L(低速CAN总线)，CAN_H的电压数据为V CAN_H，CAN_L的电压数据为V CAN_L，其差分数据为V CAN_H减去V CAN_L；对于单线总线，其差分数据为该单线总线的电压数据与对地之间的信号差。为了消除干扰影响，在进行译码前需要对干扰信号进行滤波处理，该滤波处理的过程可根据差分电压波形的特点而相应地设置，过滤过程为：采用统计分析的方式找到干扰点，对干扰电进行数据替换，用相邻边界的值替换，通过这样的方式能够有效过滤干扰电，使得后续的译码阈值设置更加合理。译码过程为：译码主要是根据目标总线的波特率、采样速率，将通信数据转化成0 1等二进制逻辑数据；根据译码阈值来进行设置。该译码阈值可以是电压阈值。如果电压大于某个电压阈值则为1，否则为0，多少个采样点对应一个逻辑点，由示波器设置的参数决定。具体地，根据目标总线的特点设置电平阈值进行译码，比如，CAN_H可以设置电平阈值为1.5V，当V CAN_H>1.5V时，译码为1；小于1V时译码为0，根据这些参数就可以译码。解码过程：解码需要根据通信协议，把译码输出的逻辑01等二进制逻辑数据转换成有数据格式的数据帧。在译码完成后，根据目标总线的总线协议进行解码，其中VCMI的VCI中包括多个总线协议，通过对译码后的数据按照总线协议解码，得到解码数据。解码后的解码数据存储为Log文件(日志文件)，Log文件可以是xls、txt格式及二进制数据等格式的文件。
其中，在解码后，可根据目标总线的总线协议判断解码数据是否存在异常数据帧，若存在，则将该部分数据确定为错误帧。保留错误帧的前后数据段，得到错误帧上下文数据。将该错误帧上下文数据存放在Log文件中，以供后续分析。不同的总线协议定义了相应的异常情况进行定义。可以查阅总线协议来 确定异常的错误帧。
其中，分析算法可以部署在诊断设备上位机上，也可以部署在VCMI里面。若部署在诊断设备上位机上，则VCMI的示波器采集到总线波形后，把波形数据(总线电压数据)传递给诊断设备上位机，诊断设备上位机预先已知波形的通信速率、示波器的采样率、总线的特点等，示波器的采样率是诊断设备上位机设置的，测量的总线类型和通信速率诊断设备上位机事先存储。若部署在VCMI里面，则将分析算法设置在示波器的FPGA中，这样使得运行更快，其中，示波器的总线速率、译码阈值、总线协议由诊断设备上位机预先设置。
本发明实施例中，分析结果可以包括如下表1中的几个通信数据分析维度。通过分析得到下述分析结果，每个通信数据分析维度均设置有相应的阈值，将分析结果与阈值进行比较从而可以确定对应的内部总线故障还是OBD故障，抑或是ECU故障。
S/N 通信数据分析维度 单位
1 通信消息总量 帧
2 错误帧的消息总量 帧
3 平均消息 帧/秒
4 峰值消息 帧/秒
5 总线负荷 ％
6 错误帧的消息负荷 ％
7 各ECU的通信量 帧
8 ECU的通信负荷 ％
9 错误帧前后上下文  
10 错误帧的平均速率 帧/秒
表1：通信数据分析维度
本发明实施例中，目标总线信息为所有汽车总线的总线信息时，也即要分析所有汽车总线及电子控制单元的状态。所述分析结果包括各个电子控制单元的通信量和/或各个电子控制单元的通信负荷率、电子控制单元的当前状态，所述当前状态包括正常状态或故障状态；所述当前状态根据所述电子控制单元的通信量和/或电子控制单元的通信负荷率确定。具体地，根据汽车总线拓扑 图采集目标时间段内各个目标总线上的通信数据，并进行上述差分计算、滤波、译码及解码，得到分析结果。目标时间段根据用户的查询请求确定。
所述预设的显示模式为单汽车总线显示模式，也即用户想要对单个目标总线进行分析。单条总线分析所述分析结果包括总线通信消息总量、错误帧的消息总量、平均消息量、峰值消息量、总线负荷率、错误帧的消息负荷、电子控制单元的通信量、电子控制单元的通信负荷率、错误帧上下文数据、错误帧的平均速率中的至少一种或多种。具体地，根据目标总线标识采集目标时间段内目标总线上的通信数据，并进行上述差分计算、滤波、译码及解码，得到分析结果。目标时间段根据用户的查询请求确定。
步骤140：根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容。
其中，如图3所示，所述单汽车总线显示模式包括列表、条形图、波形图、进度条、扇形图以及消息树种的一种或多种。根据所述单汽车总线显示模式及单个汽车总线的分析结果生成显示内容。本发明实施例中，对于不同的通信数据分析维度，可以采用不同的显示模式，如下表2所示，给出了几种通信数据分析维度对应的较优的显示模式。
Figure PCTCN2022081419-appb-000001
表2：通信数据分析维度对应的较优的显示模式
其中，如图4所示，本发明实施例中，目标总线信息为所有汽车总线的总线信息时，也即要分析所有汽车总线及电子控制单元的状态。具体地，通过所述将所述分析结果添加至汽车总线拓扑图中，得到显示内容，包括：将各个电子控制单元的通信量和/或各个电子控制单元的通信负荷率以及当前状态标记在汽车总线拓扑图中，得到显示内容。例如，通信负荷率又包括ECU的占有率等，将其更新在汽车总线拓扑图中，若占有率过高，则说明该ECU存在故障。
步骤150：将所述显示内容展示给所述用户。
本发明实施中，用户获取该显示内容后，可根据该显示内容及Log文件等进行相应的后续分析。
本发明实施例通过获取汽车总线上的通信数据，对通信数据进行分析，并将分析结果按照预设的显示模式显示给用户，能够侦听汽车诊断总线和汽车内部总线的通信负荷、通信质量以及各ECU之间的通信频率等信息，并对侦听的数据进行记录，有效提高了用户进行故障分析的效率。
图5示出了本发明实施例提供的总线数据分析装置的结构示意图，应用于汽车诊断***中，所述汽车诊断***用于获取各个汽车总线上的通信数据，所述汽车总线用于汽车的电子控制单元之间的通信。如图5所示，该装置200包括：请求模块210、采集模块220、分析模块230、生成模块240和显示模块250。
请求模块210，用于获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息；
采集模块220，用于根据所述目标总线信息采集目标总线的通信数据；所述目标总线为汽车总线中的任意一条或多条总线；
分析模块230，用于对所述通信数据进行分析，得到分析结果；
生成模块240，用于根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容；
显示模块250，用于将所述显示内容展示给所述用户。
在一种可选的方式中，所述对所述通信数据进行分析，得到分析结果，包括：根据所述通信数据进行差分数据计算，得到差分数据；对所述差分数据进行过滤，得到过滤后的差分数据；对过滤后的差分数据按照预设的译码规则进行译码，得到译码数据；对所述译码数据按照预设的总线协议进行解码，得到解码数据；根据所述解码数据进行分析，得到分析结果。
在一种可选的方式中，所述目标总线信息为所有汽车总线的总线信息；所述分析结果包括各个所述汽车总线对应的分析结果；所述预设的显示模式为汽车总线拓扑图；所述根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容，包括： 将所述分析结果添加至汽车总线拓扑图中，得到显示内容；所述汽车总线拓扑图中的节点表征汽车的各个电子控制单元，所述汽车总线拓扑图中的边表征各个所述电子控制单元之间的汽车总线。
在一种可选的方式中，所述分析结果包括各个电子控制单元的通信量和/或各个电子控制单元的通信负荷率、电子控制单元的当前状态，所述当前状态包括正常状态或故障状态；所述当前状态根据所述电子控制单元的通信量和/或电子控制单元的通信负荷率确定；所述将所述分析结果添加至汽车总线拓扑图中，得到显示内容，包括：将各个电子控制单元的通信量和/或各个电子控制单元的通信负荷率以及当前状态标记在汽车总线拓扑图中，得到显示内容。
在一种可选的方式中，所述获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息之前，所述方法还包括：获取各个电子控制单元之间的汽车总线信息；根据各个所述电子控制单元以及所述汽车总线信息确定所述汽车总线拓扑图。
在一种可选的方式中，所述目标总线信息为单个汽车总线的总线信息；所述分析结果为单个汽车总线的分析结果；所述预设的显示模式为单汽车总线显示模式；所述根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容，包括：
根据所述单汽车总线显示模式及单个汽车总线的分析结果生成显示内容。
在一种可选的方式中，所述分析结果包括总线通信消息总量、错误帧的消息总量、平均消息量、峰值消息量、总线负荷率、错误帧的消息负荷、电子控制单元的通信量、电子控制单元的通信负荷率、错误帧上下文数据、错误帧的平均速率中的至少一种或多种；所述单汽车总线显示模式包括列表、条形图、波形图、进度条、扇形图以及消息树种的一种或多种。
在一种可选的方式中，所述汽车诊断***包括诊断设备上位机及连接设备，所述诊断设备上位机通过所述连接设备获取汽车总线上的通信数据；电子控制单元包括汽车控制单元及车载自动诊断设备OBD；所述获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息之前，所述方法还包括：所述连接设备通过探针连接至各个所述汽车控制单元的汽车总线；所述连接设备与车载自动诊断设备OBD连接。
在一种可选的方式中，所述连接设备包括汽车通信接口及示波器；所述示波器连接至各个所述汽车控制单元的汽车总线；所述示波器通过所述汽车通信接口与车载自动诊断设备OBD连接。本发明实施例通过获取汽车总线上的通信数据，对通信数据进行分析，并将分析结果按照预设的显示模式显示给用户，能够侦听汽车诊断总线和汽车内部总线的通信负荷、通信质量以及各ECU之间的通信频率等信息，并对侦听的数据进行记录，有效提高了用户进行故障分析的效率。
图6示出了本发明实施例提供的总线数据分析设备的结构示意图，本发明具体实施例并不对总线数据分析设备的具体实现做限定。
如图6所示，该总线数据分析设备可以包括：处理器(processor)302、通信接口(Communications Interface)304、存储器(memory)306、以及通信总线308。
其中：处理器302、通信接口304、以及存储器306通过通信总线308完成相互间的通信。通信接口304，用于与其它设备比如客户端或其它服务器等的网元通信。处理器302，用于执行程序310，具体可以执行上述用于总线数据分析设备方法实施例中的相关步骤。
具体地，程序310可以包括程序代码，该程序代码包括计算机可执行指令。
处理器302可能是中央处理器CPU，或者是特定集成电路ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit)，或者是被配置成实施本发明实施例的一个或多个集成电路。总线数据分析设备包括的一个或多个处理器，可以是同一类型的处理器，如一个或多个CPU；也可以是不同类型的处理器，如一个或多个CPU以及一个或多个ASIC。
存储器306，用于存放程序310。存储器306可能包含高速RAM存储器，也可能还包括非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory)，例如至少一个磁盘存储器。
程序310具体可以被处理器302调用使总线数据分析设备执行以下操作：
获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息；
根据所述目标总线信息采集目标总线的通信数据；所述目标总线为汽车总 线中的任意一条或多条总线；
对所述通信数据进行分析，得到分析结果；
根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容；
将所述显示内容展示给所述用户。
在一种可选的方式中，所述对所述通信数据进行分析，得到分析结果，包括：根据所述通信数据进行差分数据计算，得到差分数据；对所述差分数据进行过滤，得到过滤后的差分数据；对过滤后的差分数据按照预设的译码规则进行译码，得到译码数据；对所述译码数据按照预设的总线协议进行解码，得到解码数据；根据所述解码数据进行分析，得到分析结果。
在一种可选的方式中，所述目标总线信息为所有汽车总线的总线信息；所述分析结果包括各个所述汽车总线对应的分析结果；所述预设的显示模式为汽车总线拓扑图；所述根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容，包括：将所述分析结果添加至汽车总线拓扑图中，得到显示内容；所述汽车总线拓扑图中的节点表征汽车的各个电子控制单元，所述汽车总线拓扑图中的边表征各个所述电子控制单元之间的汽车总线。
在一种可选的方式中，所述分析结果包括各个电子控制单元的通信量和/或各个电子控制单元的通信负荷率、电子控制单元的当前状态，所述当前状态包括正常状态或故障状态；所述当前状态根据所述电子控制单元的通信量和/或电子控制单元的通信负荷率确定；所述将所述分析结果添加至汽车总线拓扑图中，得到显示内容，包括：将各个电子控制单元的通信量和/或各个电子控制单元的通信负荷率以及当前状态标记在汽车总线拓扑图中，得到显示内容。
在一种可选的方式中，所述获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息之前，所述方法还包括：获取各个电子控制单元之间的汽车总线信息；根据各个所述电子控制单元以及所述汽车总线信息确定所述汽车总线拓扑图。
在一种可选的方式中，所述目标总线信息为单个汽车总线的总线信息；所述分析结果为单个汽车总线的分析结果；所述预设的显示模式为单汽车总线显示模式；所述根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容，包括：
根据所述单汽车总线显示模式及单个汽车总线的分析结果生成显示内容。
在一种可选的方式中，所述分析结果包括总线通信消息总量、错误帧的消息总量、平均消息量、峰值消息量、总线负荷率、错误帧的消息负荷、电子控制单元的通信量、电子控制单元的通信负荷率、错误帧上下文数据、错误帧的平均速率中的至少一种或多种；所述单汽车总线显示模式包括列表、条形图、波形图、进度条、扇形图以及消息树种的一种或多种。
在一种可选的方式中，所述汽车诊断***包括诊断设备上位机及连接设备，所述诊断设备上位机通过所述连接设备获取汽车总线上的通信数据；电子控制单元包括汽车控制单元及车载自动诊断设备OBD；所述获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息之前，所述方法还包括：所述连接设备通过探针连接至各个所述汽车控制单元的汽车总线；所述连接设备与车载自动诊断设备OBD连接。
在一种可选的方式中，所述连接设备包括汽车通信接口及示波器；所述示波器连接至各个所述汽车控制单元的汽车总线；所述示波器通过所述汽车通信接口与车载自动诊断设备OBD连接。本发明实施例通过获取汽车总线上的通信数据，对通信数据进行分析，并将分析结果按照预设的显示模式显示给用户，能够侦听汽车诊断总线和汽车内部总线的通信负荷、通信质量以及各ECU之间的通信频率等信息，并对侦听的数据进行记录，有效提高了用户进行故障分析的效率。
本发明实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述存储介质存储有至少一可执行指令，该可执行指令在总线数据分析设备上运行时，使得所述总线数据分析设备执行上述任意方法实施例中的总线数据分析方法。
可执行指令具体可以用于使得总线数据分析设备执行以下操作：
获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息；
根据所述目标总线信息采集目标总线的通信数据；所述目标总线为汽车总线中的任意一条或多条总线；
对所述通信数据进行分析，得到分析结果；
根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容；
将所述显示内容展示给所述用户。
在一种可选的方式中，所述对所述通信数据进行分析，得到分析结果，包括：根据所述通信数据进行差分数据计算，得到差分数据；对所述差分数据进行过滤，得到过滤后的差分数据；对过滤后的差分数据按照预设的译码规则进行译码，得到译码数据；对所述译码数据按照预设的总线协议进行解码，得到解码数据；根据所述解码数据进行分析，得到分析结果。
在一种可选的方式中，所述目标总线信息为所有汽车总线的总线信息；所述分析结果包括各个所述汽车总线对应的分析结果；所述预设的显示模式为汽车总线拓扑图；所述根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容，包括：将所述分析结果添加至汽车总线拓扑图中，得到显示内容；所述汽车总线拓扑图中的节点表征汽车的各个电子控制单元，所述汽车总线拓扑图中的边表征各个所述电子控制单元之间的汽车总线。
在一种可选的方式中，所述分析结果包括各个电子控制单元的通信量和/或各个电子控制单元的通信负荷率、电子控制单元的当前状态，所述当前状态包括正常状态或故障状态；所述当前状态根据所述电子控制单元的通信量和/或电子控制单元的通信负荷率确定；所述将所述分析结果添加至汽车总线拓扑图中，得到显示内容，包括：将各个电子控制单元的通信量和/或各个电子控制单元的通信负荷率以及当前状态标记在汽车总线拓扑图中，得到显示内容。
在一种可选的方式中，所述获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息之前，所述方法还包括：获取各个电子控制单元之间的汽车总线信息；根据各个所述电子控制单元以及所述汽车总线信息确定所述汽车总线拓扑图。
在一种可选的方式中，所述目标总线信息为单个汽车总线的总线信息；所述分析结果为单个汽车总线的分析结果；所述预设的显示模式为单汽车总线显示模式；所述根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容，包括：
根据所述单汽车总线显示模式及单个汽车总线的分析结果生成显示内容。
在一种可选的方式中，所述分析结果包括总线通信消息总量、错误帧的消 息总量、平均消息量、峰值消息量、总线负荷率、错误帧的消息负荷、电子控制单元的通信量、电子控制单元的通信负荷率、错误帧上下文数据、错误帧的平均速率中的至少一种或多种；所述单汽车总线显示模式包括列表、条形图、波形图、进度条、扇形图以及消息树种的一种或多种。
在一种可选的方式中，所述汽车诊断***包括诊断设备上位机及连接设备，所述诊断设备上位机通过所述连接设备获取汽车总线上的通信数据；电子控制单元包括汽车控制单元及车载自动诊断设备OBD；所述获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息之前，所述方法还包括：所述连接设备通过探针连接至各个所述汽车控制单元的汽车总线；所述连接设备与车载自动诊断设备OBD连接。
在一种可选的方式中，所述连接设备包括汽车通信接口及示波器；所述示波器连接至各个所述汽车控制单元的汽车总线；所述示波器通过所述汽车通信接口与车载自动诊断设备OBD连接。本发明实施例通过获取汽车总线上的通信数据，对通信数据进行分析，并将分析结果按照预设的显示模式显示给用户，能够侦听汽车诊断总线和汽车内部总线的通信负荷、通信质量以及各ECU之间的通信频率等信息，并对侦听的数据进行记录，有效提高了用户进行故障分析的效率。
本发明实施例还提供一种汽车诊断***，包括上述的总线数据分析装置或上述的总线数据分析设备。
本发明实施例提供一种总线数据分析装置，用于执行上述总线数据分析方法。
本发明实施例提供了一种计算机程序，所述计算机程序可被处理器调用使总线数据分析设备执行上述任意方法实施例中的总线数据分析方法。
本发明实施例提供了一种计算机程序产品，计算机程序产品包括存储在计算机可读存储介质上的计算机程序，计算机程序包括程序指令，当程序指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行上述任意方法实施例中的总线数据分析方法。
在此提供的算法或显示不与任何特定计算机、虚拟***或者其它设备固有 相关。各种通用***也可以与基于在此的示教一起使用。根据上面的描述，构造这类***所要求的结构是显而易见的。此外，本发明实施例也不针对任何特定编程语言。应当明白，可以利用各种编程语言实现在此描述的本发明的内容，并且上面对特定语言所做的描述是为了披露本发明的最佳实施方式。
在此处所提供的说明书中，说明了大量具体细节。然而，能够理解，本发明的实施例可以在没有这些具体细节的情况下实践。在一些实例中，并未详细示出公知的方法、结构和技术，以便不模糊对本说明书的理解。
类似地，应当理解，为了精简本发明并帮助理解各个发明方面中的一个或多个，在上面对本发明的示例性实施例的描述中，本发明实施例的各个特征有时被一起分组到单个实施例、图、或者对其的描述中。然而，并不应将该公开的方法解释成反映如下意图：即所要求保护的本发明要求比在每个权利要求中所明确记载的特征更多的特征。
本领域技术人员可以理解，可以对实施例中的设备中的模块进行自适应性地改变并且把它们设置在与该实施例不同的一个或多个设备中。可以把实施例中的模块或单元或组件组合成一个模块或单元或组件，以及可以把它们分成多个子模块或子单元或子组件。除了这样的特征和/或过程或者单元中的至少一些是相互排斥之外，可以采用任何组合对本说明书(包括伴随的权利要求、摘要和附图)中公开的所有特征以及如此公开的任何方法或者设备的所有过程或单元进行组合。除非另外明确陈述，本说明书(包括伴随的权利要求、摘要和附图)中公开的每个特征可以由提供相同、等同或相似目的的替代特征来代替。
应该注意的是上述实施例对本发明进行说明而不是对本发明进行限制，并且本领域技术人员在不脱离所附权利要求的范围的情况下可设计出替换实施例。在权利要求中，不应将位于括号之间的任何参考符号构造成对权利要求的限制。单词“包含”不排除存在未列在权利要求中的元件或步骤。位于元件之前的单词“一”或“一个”不排除存在多个这样的元件。本发明可以借助于包括有若干不同元件的硬件以及借助于适当编程的计算机来实现。在列举了若干装置的单元权利要求中，这些装置中的若干个可以是通过同一个硬件项来具体体现。单词第一、第二、以及第三等的使用不表示任何顺序。可将这些单词解释为名称。上述实施例中的步骤，除有特殊说明外，不应理解为对执行顺序的限定。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种总线数据分析方法，其特征在于，应用于汽车诊断***中，所述汽车诊断***用于获取各个汽车总线上的通信数据，所述汽车总线用于汽车的电子控制单元之间的通信，所述方法包括：
    获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息；
    根据所述目标总线信息采集目标总线的通信数据；所述目标总线为汽车总线中的任意一条或多条总线；
    对所述通信数据进行分析，得到分析结果；
    根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容；
    将所述显示内容展示给所述用户。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述对所述通信数据进行分析，得到分析结果，包括：
    根据所述通信数据进行差分数据计算，得到差分数据；
    对所述差分数据进行过滤，得到过滤后的差分数据；
    对过滤后的差分数据按照预设的译码规则进行译码，得到译码数据；
    对所述译码数据按照预设的总线协议进行解码，得到解码数据；
    根据所述解码数据进行分析，得到分析结果。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述目标总线信息为所有汽车总线的总线信息；所述分析结果包括各个所述汽车总线对应的分析结果；所述预设的显示模式为汽车总线拓扑图；
    所述根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容，包括：
    将所述分析结果添加至汽车总线拓扑图中，得到显示内容；所述汽车总线拓扑图中的节点表征汽车的各个电子控制单元，所述汽车总线拓扑图中的边表征各个所述电子控制单元之间的汽车总线。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述分析结果包括各个电子控制单元的通信量和/或各个电子控制单元的通信负荷率、电子控制单元的当前状态，所述当前状态包括正常状态或故障状态；所述当前状态根据所述电子控制单元的通信量和/或电子控制单元的通信负荷率确定；
    所述将所述分析结果添加至汽车总线拓扑图中，得到显示内容，包括：
    将各个电子控制单元的通信量和/或各个电子控制单元的通信负荷率以及当前状态标记在汽车总线拓扑图中，得到显示内容。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    获取各个电子控制单元之间的汽车总线信息；
    根据各个所述电子控制单元以及所述汽车总线信息确定所述汽车总线拓扑图。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述目标总线信息为单个汽车总线的总线信息；所述分析结果为单个汽车总线的分析结果；所述预设的显示模式为单汽车总线显示模式；
    所述根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容，包括：
    根据所述单汽车总线显示模式及单个汽车总线的分析结果生成显示内容。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述分析结果包括总线通信消息总量、错误帧的消息总量、平均消息量、峰值消息量、总线负荷率、错误帧的消息负荷、电子控制单元的通信量、电子控制单元的通信负荷率、错误帧上下文数据、错误帧的平均速率中的至少一种或多种；所述单汽车总线显示模式包括列表、条形图、波形图、进度条、扇形图以及消息树种的一种或多种。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述汽车诊断***包括诊断设备上位机及连接设备，所述诊断设备上位机通过所述连接设备获取汽车总线上的通信数据；电子控制单元包括汽车控制单元及车载自动诊断设备OBD；
    所述获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述连接设备通过探针连接至各个所述汽车控制单元的汽车总线；
    所述连接设备与车载自动诊断设备所述OBD连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述连接设备包括汽车通信接口及示波器；
    所述示波器连接至各个所述汽车控制单元的汽车总线；
    所述示波器通过所述汽车通信接口与汽车标准接口OBD连接。
  10. 一种总线数据分析装置，其特征在于，应用于汽车诊断***中，所述汽车诊断***用于获取各个汽车总线上的通信数据，所述汽车总线用于汽车的电子控制单元之间的通信，所述装置包括：
    请求模块，用于获取用户的查询请求，所述查询请求中携带有目标总线信息；
    采集模块，用于根据所述目标总线信息采集目标总线的通信数据；所述目标总线为汽车总线中的任意一条或多条总线；
    分析模块，用于对所述通信数据进行分析，得到分析结果；
    生成模块，用于根据所述分析结果及预设的显示模式生成显示内容；
    显示模块，用于将所述显示内容展示给所述用户。
  11. 一种总线数据分析设备，其特征在于，包括：处理器、存储器、通信接口和通信总线，所述处理器、所述存储器和所述通信接口通过所述通信总线完成相互间的通信；
    所述存储器用于存放至少一可执行指令，所述可执行指令使所述处理器执行如权利要求1-9任意一项所述的总线数据分析方法的操作。
  12. 一种汽车诊断***，其特征在于，包括如权利要求10所述的总线数据分析装置或权利要求11所述的总线数据分析设备。
  13. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述存储介质中存储有至少一可执行指令，所述可执行指令在总线数据分析设备上运行时，使得总线数据分析设备执行如权利要求1-9任意一项所述的总线数据分析方法的操作。
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