WO2022121905A1 - 动力电池的充电加热控制方法和装置、介质、设备、车辆 - Google Patents

动力电池的充电加热控制方法和装置、介质、设备、车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022121905A1
WO2022121905A1 PCT/CN2021/136154 CN2021136154W WO2022121905A1 WO 2022121905 A1 WO2022121905 A1 WO 2022121905A1 CN 2021136154 W CN2021136154 W CN 2021136154W WO 2022121905 A1 WO2022121905 A1 WO 2022121905A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power battery
heater
temperature
charging
current
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PCT/CN2021/136154
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李晓斌
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北京车和家信息技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2022121905A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022121905A1/zh
Priority to US18/330,108 priority Critical patent/US20230311696A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/40—Control modes
    • B60L2260/50—Control modes by future state prediction
    • B60L2260/56—Temperature prediction, e.g. for pre-cooling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of vehicle automatic control, and in particular, to a charging and heating control method and device, medium, equipment, and vehicle of a power battery.
  • nickel-cobalt manganate lithium battery is also called ternary battery, and its suitable temperature range is mostly 20°C ⁇ 35°C.
  • a simple control strategy based on a temperature threshold is mostly adopted. For example, under the condition of heating the power battery while charging, when the temperature of the power battery is less than or equal to 15°C, the heater is turned on; when the temperature of the power battery is greater than 18°C, the heater is turned off. Among them, 15°C to 18°C is the temperature hysteresis interval, and 15°C and 18°C are the two temperature thresholds respectively.
  • Power battery heating currently usually uses a high-voltage PTC (PTC is the abbreviation of Positive Temperature Coefficient, meaning positive temperature coefficient) heater to heat the coolant, and the coolant is heated by a liquid cooling circuit to heat the battery.
  • PTC Positive Temperature Coefficient
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a charging and heating control method and device, medium, equipment, and vehicle for a power battery that can speed up the charging speed of the power battery.
  • the present disclosure provides a charging and heating control method for a power battery, the method comprising:
  • activating the heater to heat the power battery can speed up the charging speed of the power battery, controlling the activation of the heater to heat the power battery;
  • the operating parameters of the heater are adjusted to speed up the charging speed of the power battery.
  • judging whether starting the heater to heat the power battery can speed up the charging speed of the power battery including:
  • the temperature of the power battery is lower than a predetermined temperature lower limit value, and the maximum output current of the charging device is greater than the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery, it is determined that starting the heater to heat the power battery can speed up the The charging speed of the power battery.
  • adjusting the operating parameters of the heater includes:
  • the current of the heater is adjusted to the difference between the maximum output current of the charging device and the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery, wherein the predetermined value is The approaching temperature value of is less than the predetermined temperature lower limit value;
  • the heater is controlled to stop running.
  • control to reduce the current of the heater includes:
  • the current of the heater is controlled to decrease as the temperature of the power battery increases.
  • adjusting the operating parameters of the heater to speed up the charging speed of the power battery including:
  • the maximum output current of the charging device is greater than the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery and less than the sum of the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery and the demand current of the heater, adjust the operating parameters of the heater, To speed up the charging speed of the power battery.
  • the method further includes:
  • the required current of the heater is determined according to the temperature of the power battery.
  • determining the required current of the heater according to the temperature of the power battery including:
  • the required current of the heater is determined as the current corresponding to the temperature interval in which the temperature of the power battery is located.
  • adjusting the operating parameters of the heater includes:
  • the current of the heater is adjusted so that the maximum output current of the charging device is greater than or equal to the sum of the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery and the current of the heater.
  • the method further includes:
  • the heater is controlled to stop running.
  • the present disclosure also provides a charging and heating control device for a power battery, the device comprising:
  • a judging module for judging whether starting a heater to heat the power battery can speed up the charging speed of the power battery when the power battery is being charged;
  • a first control module configured to control to start the heater to heat the power battery if it is determined that starting the heater to heat the power battery can speed up the charging speed of the power battery;
  • the adjustment module is used for adjusting the operation parameters of the heater to speed up the charging speed of the power battery.
  • the judging module includes:
  • the first judgment sub-module is used to judge that if the temperature of the power battery is less than a predetermined temperature lower limit value, and the maximum output current of the charging device is greater than the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery, the heater is activated to The power battery heating can speed up the charging speed of the power battery.
  • the adjustment module includes:
  • the first adjustment sub-module is used to adjust the current of the heater to the maximum output current of the charging device and the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery if the temperature of the power battery is less than a predetermined approximate temperature value The difference, wherein the predetermined approach temperature value is less than the predetermined temperature lower limit value;
  • a second adjustment sub-module configured to control to reduce the current of the heater if the temperature of the power battery reaches the predetermined approximate temperature value
  • the third adjustment sub-module is configured to control the heater to stop running if the temperature of the power battery reaches a predetermined upper temperature limit value.
  • the present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above method provided by the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, comprising:
  • a processor configured to execute the computer program in the memory, to implement the steps of the above method provided by the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure also provides a vehicle including a power battery and a processor.
  • the processor is configured to execute the steps of the above method provided by the present disclosure.
  • the heater Since the charging device needs to heat the battery when charging the power battery, the heater also needs the charging device to supply power. Therefore, through the above technical solution, when the power battery is charged, it is determined in advance that starting the heater to heat the power battery can speed up the charging of the power battery. speed, and then control the starting heater to heat the power battery, and adjust the operating parameters of the heater to speed up the charging speed of the power battery and shorten the charging time.
  • the charging and heating control method of the power battery avoids the situation that the charging speed of the power battery is reduced due to the heating of the power battery, and realizes the balance between the charging time and the energy consumption of the power battery heating.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a charging and heating control method for a power battery provided by an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a charging and heating control method for a power battery provided by another exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a charging and heating control device for a power battery provided by an exemplary embodiment
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the charging equipment In the process of charging and heating the power battery, the charging equipment is the energy provider of the whole vehicle, and the power battery, high-voltage PTC heater and other high-voltage components on the vehicle are all energy consumers.
  • the charging device can be a DC charging pile or a car charger.
  • the DC charging pile can use direct current to charge the power battery, and the on-board charger can use the alternating current to charge the power battery. Due to the limitation of the rated power of the charging equipment, during the charging and heating process, since the heater and the power battery consume the electric energy output by the charging equipment at the same time, using the thermal management control strategy in the above hysteresis interval cannot guarantee that the high-voltage PTC heater will be heated when it is turned on.
  • the PTC heater may run at its demand current and squeeze the power that can be supplied to the power battery, and it may also be turned on. A condition in which the charging time is prolonged due to heating. Therefore, the inventor thought that the starting heater can be controlled when it is determined that heating the power battery can speed up the charging speed of the power battery, otherwise the heater will not be started to heat the power battery. Moreover, in the process of charging and heating, the operating parameters of the heater are adjusted to speed up the charging speed of the power battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a charging and heating control method for a power battery provided by an exemplary embodiment. As shown in Figure 1, the method may include the following steps.
  • Step S101 when the power battery is being charged, it is determined whether starting the heater to heat the power battery can speed up the charging speed of the power battery.
  • Step S102 if it is determined that starting the heater to heat the power battery can speed up the charging speed of the power battery, control the starting heater to heat the power battery.
  • Step S103 adjusting the operating parameters of the heater to speed up the charging speed of the power battery.
  • Whether the charging speed can be accelerated can be comprehensively considered according to the relevant parameters of the charging device, the power battery and the heater, for example, the maximum output current of the charging device, the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery, etc.
  • the parameters such as the temperature and state of charge of the power battery change in real time. If the operating parameters of the heater remain unchanged, it cannot be guaranteed that the power can be accelerated in real time during the whole heating process. The charging speed of the battery. Therefore, in the process of heating and charging the power battery, the operating parameters of the heater can be adjusted according to the actual situation to ensure that the charging speed of the power battery can be accelerated.
  • the power battery when the power battery is charged, first determine that starting the heater to heat the power battery can speed up the charging speed of the power battery, and then control the starting heater to heat the power battery, and adjust the operating parameters of the heater to speed up the power battery. faster charging speed and shorter charging time.
  • the charging and heating control method of the power battery avoids the situation that the charging speed of the power battery is reduced due to the heating of the power battery, and realizes the balance between the charging time and the energy consumption of the power battery heating.
  • judging in step S101 whether activating the heater to heat the power battery can speed up the charging speed of the power battery may include: if the temperature of the power battery is less than a predetermined temperature lower limit value, And if the maximum output current of the charging device is greater than the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery, it is determined that starting the heater to heat the power battery can speed up the charging speed of the power battery.
  • the charging device for example, a DC charging pile
  • the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery is related to the temperature of the power battery.
  • the battery management system can calculate the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery according to the temperature of the power battery in real time. For example, the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery and the temperature of the power battery can be stored in advance. The corresponding relationship between the two is determined by searching to determine the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery corresponding to the real-time temperature of the power battery.
  • the temperature of the power battery is lower than the predetermined temperature lower limit value, it can be considered that the temperature of the power battery is low and heating is required. If the maximum output current of the charging device is greater than the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery, it can be considered that the electric energy output by the charging device still has some surplus after powering the power battery. Power supply will not affect the power supplying the power battery, and if the power battery is heated, the charging speed will be accelerated to a certain extent.
  • the conclusion of whether to perform heating is directly obtained.
  • the method is simple and the data processing speed is fast.
  • adjusting the operating parameters of the heater in step S103 may include:
  • the current of the heater is adjusted to be the difference between the maximum output current of the charging device and the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery.
  • the predetermined approach temperature value is less than the predetermined temperature lower limit value
  • the control reduces the current of the heater
  • the heater is controlled to stop running.
  • the temperature of the power battery when the temperature of the power battery is lower than the lower temperature limit, it can be considered that the power battery needs to be heated. When the temperature of the power battery reaches the upper temperature limit, it can be considered that no further heating is required.
  • the approach temperature value can be slightly smaller than the lower temperature limit. If the temperature of the power battery reaches the approximate temperature value, it is considered that the temperature of the power battery is about to reach the predetermined upper temperature limit, and the heating is about to stop. At this time, only a small current of the heater is needed to make the temperature of the power battery reach The upper temperature limit value can avoid the overheating of the power battery caused by the heater continuing to use a large current to heat, which will lead to unnecessary power consumption.
  • the predetermined upper temperature limit value is 18°C
  • the predetermined temperature lower limit value is 15°C
  • the predetermined approach temperature value is 12°C.
  • the temperature of the power battery is 5°C
  • the current of the heater is the difference between the maximum output current of the charging device and the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery.
  • the current of the heater is controlled to decrease, and the heating is stopped until the temperature of the power battery reaches 18°C.
  • the reduced current value of the heater may be a predetermined current value.
  • the output current of the charging device other than the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery is directly used to supply the heater. , which greatly speeds up the charging speed. As the heating and charging proceed, the temperature of the power battery continues to rise. At the stage of ending charging (greater than the predetermined close temperature value and less than the predetermined upper temperature limit value), the current value of the smaller heater saves energy on the one hand. On the other hand, it also avoids the slowing down of the charging speed and other failures caused by the overheating of the power battery.
  • controlling to reduce the current of the heater may include: if the temperature of the power battery reaches a predetermined near-temperature value, controlling the current of the heater to increase with The temperature of the power battery increases and decreases.
  • the current of the heater can be adjusted to follow the temperature of the power battery. The increase and decrease, so as to avoid overheating of the power battery and save energy.
  • the step of adjusting the operating parameters of the heater to speed up the charging speed of the power battery may include:
  • the maximum output current of the charging device is greater than the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery and less than the sum of the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery and the demand current of the heater, adjust the operating parameters of the heater to speed up the charging speed of the power battery.
  • the required current of the heater is determined according to the temperature of the power battery.
  • the temperature of the power battery and the required current of the heater may have a predetermined corresponding relationship and be stored in advance.
  • the temperature of the power battery is detected, and then the required current of the corresponding heater is found in the corresponding relationship.
  • the corresponding relationship can be obtained by experiment or experience.
  • the required current of the heater may increase as the temperature of the power battery decreases.
  • determining the required current of the heater according to the temperature of the power battery may include: determining the required current of the heater as a current corresponding to a temperature interval in which the temperature of the power battery is located. That is, several values are set for the required current of the heater, and several gear intervals are set for the temperature of the power battery, which correspond one-to-one with several values of the required current of the heater.
  • the required current of the heater is a value corresponding to the temperature range. In this way, the adjustment times of the heater current are reduced, and the failure of the heater caused by frequent adjustment of the current is avoided.
  • the maximum output current of the charging device is greater than the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery, and less than the sum of the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery and the demand current of the heater, indicating that the power supply of the charging device meets the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery.
  • the heater can be adjusted to heat the battery with a current less than the required current, which speeds up the charging speed to a certain extent.
  • adjusting the operating parameters of the heater in step S103 may include: monitoring the temperature and state of charge of the power battery; determining the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery according to the temperature and state of charge of the power battery; adjusting the heater so that the maximum output current of the charging device is greater than or equal to the sum of the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery and the current of the heater.
  • the temperature of the power battery described in this solution may be the average value, the maximum value or the minimum value of the detected temperatures of the individual cells of the power battery, which may be monitored by the battery management system.
  • the corresponding relationship between the temperature of the power battery, the state of charge and the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery can be established in advance based on experiments or experience, and the corresponding power battery Maximum allowable charging current.
  • the maximum output current of the charging device is greater than or equal to the sum of the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery and the current of the heater, it can be considered that the adjusted current of the heater does not affect the charging of the power battery with the maximum allowable charging current. In this way, the operation of the heater can fully play the role of accelerating charging.
  • the heater can be controlled to stop running.
  • the heater can also be controlled to stop running under special circumstances.
  • the method may further include: if the temperature difference between the single battery with the highest temperature and the single battery with the lowest temperature in the power battery is greater than a predetermined temperature difference, controlling the heater to stop running.
  • the temperature difference between the single battery with the highest temperature and the single battery with the lowest temperature in the power battery is greater than a predetermined temperature difference, it may be considered that the temperature difference between the single cells is too large. Excessive temperature difference may bring various negative effects. At this time, controlling the heater to stop running can prevent the temperature difference between the individual cells from being further increased, thereby avoiding the failure or detection failure caused by the excessive temperature difference. The exact situation occurs.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a charging and heating control method for a power battery provided by another exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a charging and heating control device for a power battery provided by an exemplary embodiment.
  • the charging and heating control device 300 of the power battery may include a judgment module 301 , a first control module 302 and an adjustment module 303 .
  • the judgment module 301 is used for judging whether starting the heater to heat the power battery can speed up the charging speed of the power battery when the power battery is being charged.
  • the first control module 302 is configured to control the starting heater to heat the power battery if it is determined that starting the heater to heat the power battery can speed up the charging speed of the power battery.
  • the adjustment module 303 is used to adjust the operating parameters of the heater to speed up the charging speed of the power battery.
  • the judging module 301 may include a first judging sub-module.
  • the first judging sub-module is used to determine that if the temperature of the power battery is lower than the predetermined temperature lower limit value, and the maximum output current of the charging device is greater than the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery, it is determined that starting the heater to heat the power battery can speed up the power battery. charging speed.
  • the adjustment module 303 may include a first adjustment sub-module, a second adjustment sub-module and a third adjustment sub-module.
  • the first adjustment sub-module is used to adjust the current of the heater to the difference between the maximum output current of the charging device and the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery if the temperature of the power battery is less than a predetermined proximity temperature value, wherein the predetermined proximity temperature The value is less than the predetermined temperature lower limit value.
  • the second adjustment sub-module is configured to control to reduce the current of the heater if the temperature of the power battery reaches a predetermined near-temperature value.
  • the third adjustment sub-module is configured to control the heater to stop running if the temperature of the power battery reaches a predetermined upper temperature limit value.
  • the second adjustment sub-module is configured to control the current of the heater to decrease with the increase of the temperature of the power battery if the temperature of the power battery reaches a predetermined value close to the temperature.
  • the adjustment module 303 may be configured to adjust the operation of the heater if the maximum output current of the charging device is greater than the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery and less than the sum of the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery and the demand current of the heater. parameters to speed up the charging speed of the power battery.
  • the apparatus 300 may further include a determination module.
  • the determining module is used for determining the required current of the heater according to the temperature of the power battery.
  • the determining module may include a first determining sub-module:
  • the first determination sub-module is used for determining the required current of the heater as the current corresponding to the temperature interval in which the temperature of the power battery is located.
  • the adjustment module 303 may include a monitoring sub-module, a second determination sub-module and a fourth adjustment sub-module.
  • the monitoring sub-module is used to monitor the temperature and state of charge of the power battery.
  • the second determination submodule is used for determining the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery according to the temperature and state of charge of the power battery.
  • the fourth adjustment sub-module is used to adjust the current of the heater, so that the maximum output current of the charging device is greater than or equal to the sum of the maximum allowable charging current of the power battery and the current of the heater.
  • the apparatus 300 may further include a second control module.
  • the second control module is configured to control the heater to stop running if the temperature difference between the single battery with the highest temperature and the single battery with the lowest temperature in the power battery is greater than a predetermined temperature difference.
  • the power battery when the power battery is charged, first determine that starting the heater to heat the power battery can speed up the charging speed of the power battery, and then control the starting heater to heat the power battery, and adjust the operating parameters of the heater to speed up the power battery. faster charging speed and shorter charging time.
  • the charging and heating control method of the power battery avoids the situation that the charging speed of the power battery is reduced due to the heating of the power battery, and realizes the balance between the charging time and the energy consumption of the power battery heating.
  • the present disclosure also provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor.
  • a computer program is stored on the memory; the processor is configured to execute the computer program in the memory to implement the steps of the above method provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an electronic device 400 according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the electronic device 400 may include: a processor 401 and a memory 402 .
  • the electronic device 400 may also include one or more of a multimedia component 403 , an input/output (I/O) interface 404 , and a communication component 405 .
  • I/O input/output
  • the processor 401 is used to control the overall operation of the electronic device 400 to complete all or part of the steps in the above-mentioned method for controlling charging and heating of a power battery.
  • the memory 402 is used to store various types of data to support operations on the electronic device 400, such data may include, for example, instructions for any application or method operating on the electronic device 400, and application-related data, Such as contact data, messages sent and received, pictures, audio, video, and so on.
  • the memory 402 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM for short), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory ( Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM for short), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM for short), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.
  • Multimedia components 403 may include screen and audio components. Wherein the screen can be, for example, a touch screen, and the audio component is used for outputting and/or inputting audio signals.
  • the audio component may include a microphone for receiving external audio signals.
  • the received audio signal may be further stored in memory 402 or transmitted through communication component 405 .
  • the audio assembly also includes at least one speaker for outputting audio signals.
  • the I/O interface 404 provides an interface between the processor 401 and other interface modules, and the above-mentioned other interface modules may be a keyboard, a mouse, a button, and the like. These buttons can be virtual buttons or physical buttons.
  • the communication component 405 is used for wired or wireless communication between the electronic device 400 and other devices. Wireless communication, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Near Field Communication (NFC), 2G, 3G, 4G, NB-IOT, eMTC, or other 5G, etc., or one or more of them The combination is not limited here. Therefore, the corresponding communication component 405 may include: Wi-Fi module, Bluetooth module, NFC module and so on.
  • the electronic device 400 may be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC for short), digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP for short), digital signal processing equipment (Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor or other electronic components
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • DSPD Digital Signal Processing Device
  • PLD Programmable Logic Device
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • controller microcontroller, microprocessor or other electronic components
  • microcontroller microprocessor or other electronic components
  • a computer-readable storage medium including program instructions is also provided, and when the program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned method for controlling charging and heating of a power battery are implemented.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be the above-mentioned memory 402 including program instructions, and the above-mentioned program instructions can be executed by the processor 401 of the electronic device 400 to implement the above-mentioned method for controlling charging and heating of a power battery.
  • the present disclosure also provides a vehicle including a power battery and a processor, where the processor is configured to execute the steps of the above method provided by the present disclosure.

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Abstract

本公开涉及一种动力电池的充电加热控制方法和装置、介质、设备、车辆。所述方法包括：在所述动力电池充电时，判断启动加热器给所述动力电池加热是否能够加快所述动力电池的充电速度；若判定启动所述加热器给所述动力电池加热能够加快所述动力电池的充电速度，则控制启动所述加热器给所述动力电池加热；调整所述加热器的运行参数，以加快所述动力电池的充电速度。因此，避免了因加热动力电池而降低其充电速度的情况出现，实现了充电时长与动力电池加热的能耗平衡。

Description

动力电池的充电加热控制方法和装置、介质、设备、车辆 技术领域
本公开涉及车辆自动控制领域，具体地，涉及一种动力电池的充电加热控制方法和装置、介质、设备、车辆。
背景技术
当前新能源车辆(包括插电式混动车辆、增程式电动车辆、纯电动车辆)的动力电池在高温或低温环境下使用时，都需要采取一定的热管理手段，使动力电池的温度处于适宜的区间。例如，镍钴锰酸锂电池也就是三元电池，其适宜的温度区间大多在20℃～35℃。
相关技术中，在进行动力电池热管理控制时，大多采用简单的根据温度阈值进行控制的策略。例如，在充电的同时给动力电池加热的工况下，当动力电池的温度小于等于15℃时，开启加热器；当动力电池的温度大于18℃时，关闭加热器。其中15℃～18℃是温度滞回区间，15℃、18℃分别是两个温度阈值。动力电池加热目前通常采用高压PTC(PTC是Positive Temperature Coefficient的缩写，意思是正的温度系数)加热器加热冷却液，冷却液通过液冷回路加热电池的方式进行。
发明内容
本公开的目的是提供一种能够加快动力电池的充电速度的动力电池的充电加热控制方法和装置、介质、设备、车辆。
为了实现上述目的，本公开提供一种动力电池的充电加热控制方法，所述方法包括：
在所述动力电池充电时，判断启动加热器给所述动力电池加热是否能够加快所述动力电池的充电速度；
若判定启动所述加热器给所述动力电池加热能够加快所述动力电池的充电速度，则控制启动所述加热器给所述动力电池加热；
调整所述加热器的运行参数，以加快所述动力电池的充电速度。
可选地，判断启动加热器给所述动力电池加热是否能够加快所述动力电池的充电速度，包括：
若所述动力电池的温度小于预定的温度下限值，且充电设备的最大输出电流大于所述动力电池的最大允许充电电流，则判定启动所述加热器给所述动力电池加热能够加快所述动力电池的充电速度。
可选地，调整所述加热器的运行参数，包括：
若所述动力电池的温度小于预定的接近温度值，则将所述加热器的电流调整为所述充电设备的最大输出电流与所述动力电池的最大允许充电电流之差，其中，所述预 定的接近温度值小于所述预定的温度下限值；
若所述动力电池的温度达到所述预定的接近温度值，则控制减小所述加热器的电流；
若所述动力电池的温度达到预定的温度上限值，则控制所述加热器停止运行。
可选地，若所述动力电池的温度达到所述预定的接近温度值，则控制减小所述加热器的电流，包括：
若所述动力电池的温度达到所述预定的接近温度值，则控制所述加热器的电流随着所述动力电池的温度的增加而减小。
可选地，调整所述加热器的运行参数，以加快所述动力电池的充电速度，包括：
若充电设备的最大输出电流大于所述动力电池的最大允许充电电流，且小于所述动力电池的最大允许充电电流与所述加热器的需求电流之和，则调整所述加热器的运行参数，以加快所述动力电池的充电速度。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
根据所述动力电池的温度确定所述加热器的需求电流。
可选地，根据所述动力电池的温度确定所述加热器的需求电流，包括：
将所述加热器的需求电流确定为与所述动力电池的温度所在的温度区间对应的电流。
可选地，调整所述加热器的运行参数，包括：
监测所述动力电池的温度和荷电状态；
根据所述动力电池的温度和荷电状态确定所述动力电池的最大允许充电电流；
调整所述加热器的电流，以使所述充电设备的最大输出电流大于或等于所述动力电池的最大允许充电电流与所述加热器的电流之和。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
若所述动力电池中温度最高的单体电池和温度最低的单体电池的温度差大于预定的温度差，则控制所述加热器停止运行。
本公开还提供一种动力电池的充电加热控制装置，所述装置包括：
判断模块，用于在所述动力电池充电时，判断启动加热器给所述动力电池加热是否能够加快所述动力电池的充电速度；
第一控制模块，用于若判定启动所述加热器给所述动力电池加热能够加快所述动力电池的充电速度，则控制启动所述加热器给所述动力电池加热；
调整模块，用于调整所述加热器的运行参数，以加快所述动力电池的充电速度。
可选地，所述判断模块包括：
第一判断子模块，用于若所述动力电池的温度小于预定的温度下限值，且充电设备的最大输出电流大于所述动力电池的最大允许充电电流，则判定启动所述加热器给所述动力电池加热能够加快所述动力电池的充电速度。
可选地，所述调整模块包括：
第一调整子模块，用于若所述动力电池的温度小于预定的接近温度值，则将所述加热器的电流调整为所述充电设备的最大输出电流与所述动力电池的最大允许充电电流之差，其中，所述预定的接近温度值小于所述预定的温度下限值；
第二调整子模块，用于若所述动力电池的温度达到所述预定的接近温度值，则控制减小所述加热器的电流；
第三调整子模块，用于若所述动力电池的温度达到预定的温度上限值，则控制所述加热器停止运行。
本公开还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现本公开提供的上述方法的步骤。
本公开还提供一种电子设备，包括：
存储器，其上存储有计算机程序；
处理器，用于执行所述存储器中的所述计算机程序，以实现本公开提供的上述方法的步骤。
本公开还提供一种车辆，包括动力电池和处理器。处理器用于执行本公开提供的上述方法的步骤。
由于充电设备在给动力电池充电时若要加热电池，加热器还需要充电设备来供电，因此通过上述技术方案，在动力电池充电时，先行判定启动加热器给动力电池加热能够加快动力电池的充电速度，再控制启动加热器给动力电池加热，并调整加热器的运行参数，以加快动力电池的充电速度，缩短充电时间。该动力电池的充电加热控制方法，避免了因加热动力电池而降低其充电速度的情况出现，实现了充电时长与动力电池加热的能耗平衡。
本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开，但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中：
图1是一示例性实施例提供的动力电池的充电加热控制方法的流程图；
图2是另一示例性实施例提供的动力电池的充电加热控制方法的流程图；
图3是一示例性实施例提供的动力电池的充电加热控制装置的框图；
图4是一示例性实施例示出的一种电子设备的框图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开，并不用于限制本公开。
在动力电池充电加热的过程中，充电设备是整车能量的提供方，动力电池、高压PTC加热器以及车载其他高压部件都是能量消耗方。充电设备可以是直流充电桩或车载充电器。 直流充电桩能够利用直流电为动力电池充电，车载充电器能够利用交流电为动力电池充电。由于受充电设备额定功率的限制，在充电加热过程中，由于加热器和动力电池同时消耗充电设备输出的电能，利用上述滞回区间的热管理控制策略并不能保证高压PTC加热器开启加热时一定能够加快充电速度，有时候反而会出现开启加热导致充电时间延长的情况；若不进行控制，则PTC加热器有可能以其需求电流运行而挤占了本可以供给动力电池的电能，也有可能出现开启加热导致充电时间延长的情况。由此，发明人想到，可以在判定启动加热器给动力电池加热能够加快动力电池的充电速度的情况下，再控制启动加热器，否则就不启动加热器加热动力电池。并且，在充电加热的过程中，调整加热器的运行参数，以加快动力电池的充电速度。
图1是一示例性实施例提供的动力电池的充电加热控制方法的流程图。如图1所示，该方法可以包括以下步骤。
步骤S101，在动力电池充电时，判断启动加热器给动力电池加热是否能够加快动力电池的充电速度。
步骤S102，若判定启动加热器给动力电池加热能够加快动力电池的充电速度，则控制启动加热器给动力电池加热。
步骤S103，调整加热器的运行参数，以加快动力电池的充电速度。
将充电枪***车辆的充电口，动力电池即开始充电。在动力电池充电时，若动力电池的温度较低，可能会影响充电速度，因此，可以同时给动力电池加热，本意是为了加快充电速度，但有时候开启加热器后，由于加热器也会消耗充电设备输出的一部分电能，反而降低了充电速度。本方案中，在开启加热器进行加热之前，先判断启动加热器是否能够加快充电速度，若判断结果为是，再启动加热器进行加热。
可以根据充电设备、动力电池和加热器的相关参数来综合考虑是否能够加快充电速度，例如，充电设备的最大输出电流、动力电池的最大允许充电电流等。
由于在动力电池同时进行加热和充电的过程中，动力电池的温度、荷电状态等参数实时地发生变化，若加热器的运行参数不变，在加热的全过程中，不能保障实时可以加快动力电池的充电速度。因此，在对动力电池的加热和充电的过程中，可根据实际情况来调整加热器的运行参数，以保证能够加快动力电池的充电速度。
通过上述技术方案，在动力电池充电时，先行判定启动加热器给动力电池加热能够加快动力电池的充电速度，再控制启动加热器给动力电池加热，并调整加热器的运行参数，以加快动力电池的充电速度，缩短充电时间。该动力电池的充电加热控制方法，避免了因加热动力电池而降低其充电速度的情况出现，实现了充电时长与动力电池加热的能耗平衡。
在又一实施例中，在图1的基础上，步骤S101中的判断启动加热器给动力电池加热是否能够加快动力电池的充电速度可以包括：若动力电池的温度小于预定的温度下限值，且充电设备的最大输出电流大于动力电池的最大允许充电电流，则判定启动加热器给动力电池加热能够加快动力电池的充电速度。
其中，在充电时，充电设备(例如，直流充电桩)可以默认以最大输出电流向动力电 池充电。动力电池的最大允许充电电流与动力电池的温度相关，电池管理***可以实时根据动力电池的温度计算出动力电池的最大允许充电电流，例如，可以预先存储动力电池的最大允许充电电流与动力电池的温度二者的对应关系，通过查找的方式确定与实时的动力电池的温度对应的动力电池的最大允许充电电流。
若动力电池的温度小于预定的温度下限值，则可以认为动力电池温度较低，需要进行加热。若充电设备的最大输出电流大于动力电池的最大允许充电电流，则可以认为充电设备输出的电能在为动力电池供电之后，还有部分的余量，此时若利用这部分余量来为加热器供电，则不会影响为动力电池的供电的电能，并且加热动力电池的话，在一定程度上会加快充电速度。
该实施例中，通过地比较充电设备的最大输出电流和动力电池的最大允许充电电流，直接得出是否进行加热的结论，方法简单，数据处理速度快。
在又一实施例中，步骤S103中的调整加热器的运行参数可以包括：
若动力电池的温度小于预定的接近温度值，则将加热器的电流调整为充电设备的最大输出电流与动力电池的最大允许充电电流之差。其中，预定的接近温度值小于预定的温度下限值；
若动力电池的温度达到预定的接近温度值，则控制减小加热器的电流；
若动力电池的温度达到预定的温度上限值，则控制加热器停止运行。
其中，在动力电池的温度低于温度下限值时，可以认为动力电池需要加热。在动力电池的温度达到温度上限值时，可以认为不需要再加热了。而接近温度值可以略小于温度下限值。若动力电池的温度升温达到该接近温度值时，认为动力电池的温度即将到达预定的温度上限值，即将停止加热，此时仅需要较小的加热器的电流就能够使动力电池的温度到达温度上限值，避免加热器继续采用较大电流来加热造成的动力电池的过热，而导致消耗不必要的电能。
例如，预定的温度上限值为18℃，预定的温度下限值为15℃，预定的接近温度值为12℃。开始充电时，动力电池的温度为5℃，加热器的电流为充电设备的最大输出电流与动力电池的最大允许充电电流之差。当动力电池的温度上升达到12℃时，控制减小加热器的电流，直至动力电池的温度达到18℃时停止加热。其中，减小后的加热器的电流值可以是预定的电流值。
该实施例中，在动力电池温度较低的阶段(小于预定的接近温度值)，直接将满足动力电池的最大允许充电电流之外的、充电设备的输出电流的余量全部用于供应加热器，这样就较大程度地加快了充电的速度。随着加热和充电的进行，动力电池的温度持续上升，在即将结束充电的阶段(大于预定的接近温度值且小于预定的温度上限值)，较小加热器的电流值，一方面节约了电能，另一方面也避免了动力电池的过热造成的充电速度的减缓以及其他故障的发生。
在又一实施例中，若动力电池的温度达到预定的接近温度值，则控制减小加热器的电流可以包括：若动力电池的温度达到预定的接近温度值，则控制加热器的电流随着动力电 池的温度的增加而减小。
由于在动力电池的温度上升达到接近温度值以后，随着动力电池的温度的增加，对加热器的需求也就越来越小，因此，可以设置加热器的电流调整为随着动力电池的温度的增加而减小，这样避免动力电池过热，节约了能源。
在又一实施例中，调整加热器的运行参数，以加快动力电池的充电速度的步骤(步骤S103)可以包括：
若充电设备的最大输出电流大于动力电池的最大允许充电电流，且小于动力电池的最大允许充电电流与加热器的需求电流之和，则调整加热器的运行参数，以加快动力电池的充电速度。
其中，根据动力电池的温度来确定加热器的需求电流。动力电池的温度和加热器的需求电流可以具有预定的对应关系并预先存储。检测到动力电池的温度，然后在该对应关系中查找到对应的加热器的需求电流。该对应关系可以根据试验或经验得到。在该对应关系中，加热器的需求电流可以随动力电池的温度的降低而增加。
例如，根据动力电池的温度确定加热器的需求电流可以包括：将加热器的需求电流确定为与动力电池的温度所在的温度区间对应的电流。也就是，为加热器的需求电流设置几个值，动力电池的温度设置几个挡位区间，与加热器的需求电流的几个值一一对应。当动力电池的温度处于同一温度区间时，加热器的需求电流为与该温度区间对应的值。这样，减少了加热器电流的调节次数，避免了加热器由于频繁调节电流而引起的故障。
该实施例中，充电设备的最大输出电流大于动力电池的最大允许充电电流，且小于动力电池的最大允许充电电流与加热器的需求电流之和，表示充电设备的供电在满足动力电池最大允许充电电流的同时，还有余力，但该余力不满足加热器的需求电流。此时可以调整加热器以小于需求电流的电流加热电池，在一定的程度上加快了充电速度。
在启动加热器之后，动力电池的温度和荷电状态是实时变化的，可以根据动力电池的温度和荷电状态，实时调整加热器的电流。在该实施例中，步骤S103中的调整加热器的运行参数可以包括：监测动力电池的温度和荷电状态；根据动力电池的温度和荷电状态确定动力电池的最大允许充电电流；调整加热器的电流，以使充电设备的最大输出电流大于或等于动力电池的最大允许充电电流与加热器的电流之和。
本方案中所述的动力电池的温度可以是所检测的动力电池的各个单体电池的温度的平均值、最大值或最小值，可以由电池管理***进行监测。可以预先根据试验或经验建立动力电池的温度、荷电状态和动力电池的最大允许充电电流这三者之间的对应关系，根据监测到的动力电池的温度、荷电状态查找对应的动力电池的最大允许充电电流。
若充电设备的最大输出电流大于或等于动力电池的最大允许充电电流与加热器的电流之和，则可以认为调整后的加热器的电流，并没有没有影响到动力电池以最大允许充电电流充电，这样，加热器的运行完全能够起到加速充电的作用。
通常可以在动力电池的温度达到上限值时，控制加热器停止运行。在又一实施例中还可以在特殊的情况下也控制加热器停止运行。该方法还可以包括：若动力电池中温度最高 的单体电池和温度最低的单体电池的温度差大于预定的温度差，则控制加热器停止运行。
其中，若动力电池中温度最高的单体电池和温度最低的单体电池的温度差大于预定的温度差，则可以认为各个单体电池之间的温度差距过大。温差过大有可能会带来各种负面的影响，此时，控制加热器停止运行能够避免各个单体电池之间的温差进一步拉大，从而避免了因温差过大而引发的故障或检测不准的情况发生。
图2是另一示例性实施例提供的动力电池的充电加热控制方法的流程图。如图2所示，插枪以后动力电池开始充电，若动力电池的温度小于温度下限值(T 电池＜T 下)，且充电设备的最大输出电流大于动力电池的最大允许充电电流(I 桩＞I 电池)，则启动PTC加热器；若充电设备的最大输出电流大于动力电池的最大允许充电电流，且小于动力电池的最大允许充电电流与加热器的需求电流之和(I 电池＜I 桩＜I 电池+I 需)，则调整加热器的电流I PTC，以使充电设备的最大输出电流大于或等于动力电池的最大允许充电电流与加热器的电流之和(I 桩≥I 电池+I PTC)；若动力电池的温度达到预定的接近温度值(T 电池＝T 接)，则控制减小加热器的电流I PTC；若动力电池的温度达到温度上限值，则控制停止PTC加热器的运行。
本公开还提供一种动力电池的充电加热控制装置。图3是一示例性实施例提供的动力电池的充电加热控制装置的框图。如图3所示，该动力电池的充电加热控制装置300可以包括判断模块301、第一控制模块302和调整模块303。
判断模块301用于在动力电池充电时，判断启动加热器给动力电池加热是否能够加快动力电池的充电速度。
第一控制模块302用于若判定启动加热器给动力电池加热能够加快动力电池的充电速度，则控制启动加热器给动力电池加热。
调整模块303用于调整加热器的运行参数，以加快动力电池的充电速度。
可选地，判断模块301可以包括第一判断子模块。
第一判断子模块用于若动力电池的温度小于预定的温度下限值，且充电设备的最大输出电流大于动力电池的最大允许充电电流，则判定启动加热器给动力电池加热能够加快动力电池的充电速度。
可选地，调整模块303可以包括第一调整子模块、第二调整子模块和第三调整子模块。
第一调整子模块用于若动力电池的温度小于预定的接近温度值，则将加热器的电流调整为充电设备的最大输出电流与动力电池的最大允许充电电流之差，其中，预定的接近温度值小于预定的温度下限值。
第二调整子模块用于若动力电池的温度达到预定的接近温度值，则控制减小加热器的电流。
第三调整子模块用于若动力电池的温度达到预定的温度上限值，则控制加热器停止运行。
可选地，第二调整子模块用于若动力电池的温度达到预定的接近温度值，则控制加热器的电流随着动力电池的温度的增加而减小。
可选地，调整模块303可以用于若充电设备的最大输出电流大于动力电池的最大允许 充电电流，且小于动力电池的最大允许充电电流与加热器的需求电流之和，则调整加热器的运行参数，以加快动力电池的充电速度。
可选地，装置300还可以包括确定模块。
确定模块用于根据动力电池的温度确定加热器的需求电流。
可选地，确定模块可以包括第一确定子模块：
第一确定子模块用于将加热器的需求电流确定为与动力电池的温度所在的温度区间对应的电流。
可选地，调整模块303可以包括监测子模块、第二确定子模块和第四调整子模块。
监测子模块用于监测动力电池的温度和荷电状态。
第二确定子模块用于根据动力电池的温度和荷电状态确定动力电池的最大允许充电电流。
第四调整子模块用于调整加热器的电流，以使充电设备的最大输出电流大于或等于动力电池的最大允许充电电流与加热器的电流之和。
可选地，装置300还可以包括第二控制模块。
第二控制模块用于若动力电池中温度最高的单体电池和温度最低的单体电池的温度差大于预定的温度差，则控制加热器停止运行。
关于上述实施例中的装置，其中各个模块执行操作的具体方式已经在有关该方法的实施例中进行了详细描述，此处将不做详细阐述说明。
通过上述技术方案，在动力电池充电时，先行判定启动加热器给动力电池加热能够加快动力电池的充电速度，再控制启动加热器给动力电池加热，并调整加热器的运行参数，以加快动力电池的充电速度，缩短充电时间。该动力电池的充电加热控制方法，避免了因加热动力电池而降低其充电速度的情况出现，实现了充电时长与动力电池加热的能耗平衡。
本公开还提供一种电子设备，包括存储器和处理器。
存储器上存储有计算机程序；处理器用于执行存储器中的计算机程序，以实现本公开提供的上述方法的步骤。
图4是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种电子设备400的框图。如图4所示，该电子设备400可以包括：处理器401，存储器402。该电子设备400还可以包括多媒体组件403，输入/输出(I/O)接口404，以及通信组件405中的一者或多者。
其中，处理器401用于控制该电子设备400的整体操作，以完成上述的动力电池的充电加热控制方法中的全部或部分步骤。存储器402用于存储各种类型的数据以支持在该电子设备400的操作，这些数据例如可以包括用于在该电子设备400上操作的任何应用程序或方法的指令，以及应用程序相关的数据，例如联系人数据、收发的消息、图片、音频、视频等等。该存储器402可以由任何类型的易失性或非易失性存储设备或者它们的组合实现，例如静态随机存取存储器(Static Random Access Memory，简称SRAM)，电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，简称EEPROM)，可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，简称EPROM)，可 编程只读存储器(Programmable Read-Only Memory，简称PROM)，只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，简称ROM)，磁存储器，快闪存储器，磁盘或光盘。多媒体组件403可以包括屏幕和音频组件。其中屏幕例如可以是触摸屏，音频组件用于输出和/或输入音频信号。例如，音频组件可以包括一个麦克风，麦克风用于接收外部音频信号。所接收的音频信号可以被进一步存储在存储器402或通过通信组件405发送。音频组件还包括至少一个扬声器，用于输出音频信号。I/O接口404为处理器401和其他接口模块之间提供接口，上述其他接口模块可以是键盘，鼠标，按钮等。这些按钮可以是虚拟按钮或者实体按钮。通信组件405用于该电子设备400与其他设备之间进行有线或无线通信。无线通信，例如Wi-Fi，蓝牙，近场通信(Near Field Communication，简称NFC)，2G、3G、4G、NB-IOT、eMTC、或其他5G等等，或它们中的一种或几种的组合，在此不做限定。因此相应的该通信组件405可以包括：Wi-Fi模块，蓝牙模块，NFC模块等等。
在一示例性实施例中，电子设备400可以被一个或多个应用专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，简称ASIC)、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，简称DSP)、数字信号处理设备(Digital Signal Processing Device，简称DSPD)、可编程逻辑器件(Programmable Logic Device，简称PLD)、现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，简称FPGA)、控制器、微控制器、微处理器或其他电子元件实现，用于执行上述的动力电池的充电加热控制方法。
在另一示例性实施例中，还提供了一种包括程序指令的计算机可读存储介质，该程序指令被处理器执行时实现上述的动力电池的充电加热控制方法的步骤。例如，该计算机可读存储介质可以为上述包括程序指令的存储器402，上述程序指令可由电子设备400的处理器401执行以完成上述的动力电池的充电加热控制方法。
本公开还提供一种车辆，包括动力电池和处理器，处理器用于执行本公开提供的上述方法的步骤。
以上结合附图详细描述了本公开的优选实施方式，但是，本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本公开的技术构思范围内，可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复，本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本公开的思想，其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种动力电池的充电加热控制方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    在所述动力电池充电时，判断启动加热器给所述动力电池加热是否能够加快所述动力电池的充电速度；
    若判定启动所述加热器给所述动力电池加热能够加快所述动力电池的充电速度，则控制启动所述加热器给所述动力电池加热；
    调整所述加热器的运行参数，以加快所述动力电池的充电速度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，判断启动加热器给所述动力电池加热是否能够加快所述动力电池的充电速度，包括：
    若所述动力电池的温度小于预定的温度下限值，且充电设备的最大输出电流大于所述动力电池的最大允许充电电流，则判定启动所述加热器给所述动力电池加热能够加快所述动力电池的充电速度。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，调整所述加热器的运行参数，包括：
    若所述动力电池的温度小于预定的接近温度值，则将所述加热器的电流调整为所述充电设备的最大输出电流与所述动力电池的最大允许充电电流之差，其中，所述预定的接近温度值小于所述预定的温度下限值；
    若所述动力电池的温度达到所述预定的接近温度值，则控制减小所述加热器的电流；
    若所述动力电池的温度达到预定的温度上限值，则控制所述加热器停止运行。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述动力电池的温度达到所述预定的接近温度值，则控制减小所述加热器的电流，包括：
    若所述动力电池的温度达到所述预定的接近温度值，则控制所述加热器的电流随着所述动力电池的温度的增加而减小。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，调整所述加热器的运行参数，以加快所述动力电池的充电速度，包括：
    若充电设备的最大输出电流大于所述动力电池的最大允许充电电流，且小于所述动力电池的最大允许充电电流与所述加热器的需求电流之和，则调整所述加热器的运行参数，以加快所述动力电池的充电速度。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述动力电池的温度确定所述加热器的需求电流。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述动力电池的温度确定所述加热器的需求电流，包括：
    将所述加热器的需求电流确定为与所述动力电池的温度所在的温度区间对应的电流。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，调整所述加热器的运行参数，包括：
    监测所述动力电池的温度和荷电状态；
    根据所述动力电池的温度和荷电状态确定所述动力电池的最大允许充电电流；
    调整所述加热器的电流，以使所述充电设备的最大输出电流大于或等于所述动力电池的最大允许充电电流与所述加热器的电流之和。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    若所述动力电池中温度最高的单体电池和温度最低的单体电池的温度差大于预定的温度差，则控制所述加热器停止运行。
  10. 一种动力电池的充电加热控制装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    判断模块，用于在所述动力电池充电时，判断启动加热器给所述动力电池加热是否能够加快所述动力电池的充电速度；
    第一控制模块，用于若判定启动所述加热器给所述动力电池加热能够加快所述动力电池的充电速度，则控制启动所述加热器给所述动力电池加热；
    调整模块，用于调整所述加热器的运行参数，以加快所述动力电池的充电速度。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述判断模块包括：
    第一判断子模块，用于若所述动力电池的温度小于预定的温度下限值，且充电设备的最大输出电流大于所述动力电池的最大允许充电电流，则判定启动所述加热器给所述动力电池加热能够加快所述动力电池的充电速度。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述调整模块包括：
    第一调整子模块，用于若所述动力电池的温度小于预定的接近温度值，则将所述加热器的电流调整为所述充电设备的最大输出电流与所述动力电池的最大允许充电电流之差，其中，所述预定的接近温度值小于所述预定的温度下限值；
    第二调整子模块，用于若所述动力电池的温度达到所述预定的接近温度值，则控制减小所述加热器的电流；
    第三调整子模块，用于若所述动力电池的温度达到预定的温度上限值，则控制所述加热器停止运行。
  13. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，该程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1-9中任一项所述方法的步骤。
  14. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括：
    存储器，其上存储有计算机程序；
    处理器，用于执行所述存储器中的所述计算机程序，以实现权利要求1-9中任一项所述方法的步骤。
  15. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括动力电池和处理器，所述处理器用于执行权利要求1-9中任一项所述方法的步骤。
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