WO2022057281A1 - 一种电压输出装置及电压输出控制方法 - Google Patents

一种电压输出装置及电压输出控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022057281A1
WO2022057281A1 PCT/CN2021/093062 CN2021093062W WO2022057281A1 WO 2022057281 A1 WO2022057281 A1 WO 2022057281A1 CN 2021093062 W CN2021093062 W CN 2021093062W WO 2022057281 A1 WO2022057281 A1 WO 2022057281A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
terminal
control
conversion circuit
power supply
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PCT/CN2021/093062
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄秋鸣
卢宝平
敖文彬
肖胜宇
吴文贤
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珠海格力电器股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022057281A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022057281A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0006—Arrangements for supplying an adequate voltage to the control circuit of converters

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular, to a voltage output device and a voltage output control method.
  • the power supply voltage of the battery will gradually decrease with the consumption of the battery power, and the use effect of the rechargeable household appliances will become worse during the use process, such as the suction power of the vacuum cleaner will decrease, and the speed of the shaver will become slower.
  • the product cannot normally perform the operation performance under the original rated voltage state of the product. Only when the battery is fully charged again, the power supply voltage will be restored to a higher voltage value, making the product in the product. The drive unit has again a higher power.
  • the use effect of such a good and bad cycle has greatly affected the user's satisfaction with the use of the product.
  • the present disclosure provides a voltage output device and a voltage output control method.
  • the present disclosure provides a voltage output device, the voltage output device is connected between a power supply and an electrical device, and the voltage output device includes: a voltage detection module, a control module, and a DC-DC conversion circuit;
  • the voltage detection module is configured to detect the power supply voltage of the power supply, and transmit the power supply voltage to the control module;
  • the control module is configured to generate a control instruction according to the supply voltage, and the control instruction is configured to instruct the DC-DC conversion circuit to perform voltage conversion;
  • the DC-DC conversion circuit is configured to perform voltage conversion on the power supply voltage of the power supply source in response to the control instruction, and transmit the output voltage after the voltage conversion to the electrical equipment.
  • the DC-DC conversion circuit has a first control terminal, a second control terminal, a positive input terminal, a negative input terminal, a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal;
  • the first control terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the first control terminal of the control module
  • the second control terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the second control terminal of the control module
  • the The positive input terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply
  • the negative input terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply
  • the positive output terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.
  • the positive power transmission terminal of the electrical equipment is connected, and the negative output terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the negative power transmission terminal of the electrical equipment.
  • the DC-DC conversion circuit includes: a first switching device, a first diode, a first inductor, a second inductor, a second switching device, a second diode, and a first capacitor;
  • the control terminal of the first switching device is connected to the first control terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit, and the first connection terminal of the first switching device is connected to the positive input terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit, so the The second connection end of the first switching device is connected to the negative connection end of the first diode, and the positive connection end of the first diode is connected to the negative input end of the DC-DC conversion circuit, so One end of the first inductance is connected to the negative connection end of the first diode, the other end of the first inductance is connected to the first connection end of the second switching device, and the first connection end of the second switching device is connected.
  • the second connection terminal is connected to the negative connection terminal of the first diode
  • the control terminal of the second switching device is connected to the second control terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit
  • the other end of the inductor is connected to the
  • the positive connection end of the second diode is connected to the negative connection end of the second diode is connected to one end of the first capacitor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the second end of the second switching device.
  • the connection end is connected, one end of the first capacitor is connected to the positive output end of the DC-DC conversion circuit, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the negative output end of the DC-DC conversion circuit.
  • the voltage detection module has a detection terminal and an output terminal
  • the detection terminal of the voltage detection module is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, and the output terminal of the voltage detection module is connected to the input terminal of the control module.
  • the voltage detection module includes: a first resistor, a second resistor and a second capacitor;
  • the first connection end of the first resistor is connected to the detection end of the voltage detection module, the second connection end of the first resistor is connected to the first connection end of the second capacitor, and the second connection end of the second capacitor is connected.
  • the second connection end is grounded, the second connection end of the first resistor is connected to the output end of the voltage detection module, the first connection end of the first resistor is connected to the first connection end of the second resistor, The second connection end of the second resistor is connected to the second connection end of the second capacitor.
  • the voltage detection module further comprises: at least one voltage divider resistor connected in series;
  • One end of the series branch of at least one voltage dividing resistor is connected to the detection end of the voltage detection module, and the other end is connected to the first connection end of the first resistor.
  • control module includes: a main control chip
  • the first I/O pin of the main control chip is connected to the first control terminal of the control module
  • the second I/O pin of the main control chip is connected to the second control terminal of the control module
  • the third I/O pin of the main control chip is connected to the input end of the control module.
  • the voltage output device further comprises: a prompt module
  • the control module is further configured to generate a low-power prompt instruction when the power supply voltage of the power supply is lower than a preset low-power state voltage, and the low-power prompt instruction is configured to instruct the prompt module to issue a low-power prompt. hint;
  • the prompt module is configured to issue a low power prompt in response to the low power prompt instruction.
  • the present disclosure provides a voltage output control method, which is applied to the control module according to any one of the first aspect, and the method includes:
  • control instruction being set to instruct the DC-DC conversion circuit to perform voltage conversion
  • the generating a control instruction according to the supply voltage, the control instruction being configured to instruct the DC-DC conversion circuit to perform voltage conversion, comprising:
  • a circuit state switching instruction is generated, and the circuit state switching instruction is set to indicate the on-off state of the first switching device and the second switching device in the DC-DC conversion circuit, so as to make the DC-DC conversion
  • the circuit state of the circuit is switched between the Buck circuit and the Boost circuit.
  • a circuit state switching instruction is generated according to the supply voltage, and the circuit state switching instruction is set to indicate the on-off state of the first switching device and the second switching device in the DC-DC conversion circuit, so that the The circuit state of the DC-DC conversion circuit is switched between the Buck circuit and the Boost circuit, including:
  • a first PWM control signal and a first turn-off signal are generated, the first PWM control signal is set to instruct the on-off of the first switching device, the first turn-off signal is an off signal is set to indicate that the second switching device is turned off, and the circuit state of the DC-DC conversion circuit is a Buck circuit;
  • the power supply voltage is greater than a preset low-power state voltage, and the power supply voltage is less than a preset output voltage, a first turn-on signal and a second PWM control signal are generated, and the first turn-on signal is set to indicate the The first switching device is turned on, the second PWM control signal is set to indicate the on-off of the second switching device Q2, and the circuit state of the DC-DC conversion circuit is a Boost circuit.
  • the method further includes:
  • a shutdown command is generated, and the shutdown command is set to instruct the first switching device and the second switching device in the DC-DC conversion circuit to be turned off;
  • a low-power prompt instruction is generated, and the low-power prompt instruction is configured to instruct the prompt module to issue a low-power prompt.
  • the power supply voltage of the power supply is detected by the voltage detection module, and the power supply voltage is transmitted to the control module, the control module generates a control command according to the power supply voltage, and the DC-DC conversion circuit responds to the control command to control the power supply of the power supply.
  • the power supply voltage is subjected to voltage conversion, and the output voltage after the voltage conversion is transmitted to the electrical equipment.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure can control the DC-DC conversion circuit to perform voltage conversion on the power supply voltage of the power supply according to the power supply voltage of the power supply, and provide the converted output voltage to the electrical equipment to supply power for the electrical equipment.
  • the power supply voltage of the power supply is converted into an output voltage that meets the requirements of the electrical equipment, extending the time that the power supply provides the electrical equipment with an output voltage that meets the requirements, and avoiding the power supply voltage of the power supply gradually reducing with the consumption of electrical energy.
  • the device can make the electrical equipment run in a higher performance state, and improve the user's satisfaction with the product.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage output device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a voltage detection module and a DC-DC conversion circuit in a voltage output device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is another schematic structural diagram of a voltage output device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a voltage output control method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a mode provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure—a voltage regulation conversion principle
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a linear output voltage conversion principle of Mode 2 provided by yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a voltage output device and a voltage output control method.
  • the voltage output device is connected between a power supply and an electrical device. As shown in FIG. 1 , the voltage output device includes: a voltage detection device. module 11, control module 12 and DC-DC conversion circuit 13;
  • the voltage detection module 11 is configured to detect the supply voltage of the power supply, and transmit the supply voltage to the control module 12;
  • the control module 12 is configured to generate a control command according to the supply voltage, and the control command is configured to instruct the DC-DC conversion circuit to perform voltage conversion;
  • the DC-DC conversion circuit 13 is configured to perform voltage conversion on the power supply voltage of the power supply source in response to the control command, and transmit the output voltage after the voltage conversion to the electrical equipment.
  • the power supply voltage of the power supply is detected by the voltage detection module, the power supply voltage is transmitted to the control module, the control module is used to generate a control command according to the power supply voltage, and the DC-DC conversion circuit is used to respond to the control command.
  • the power supply voltage is subjected to voltage conversion, and the output voltage after the voltage conversion is transmitted to the electrical equipment.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure can control the DC-DC conversion circuit to perform voltage conversion on the power supply voltage of the power supply according to the power supply voltage of the power supply, and provide the converted output voltage to the electrical equipment to supply power for the electrical equipment.
  • the power supply voltage of the power supply is converted into an output voltage that meets the requirements of the electrical equipment, extending the time that the power supply provides the electrical equipment with an output voltage that meets the requirements, and avoiding the power supply voltage of the power supply gradually reducing with the consumption of electrical energy.
  • the device can make the electrical equipment run in a higher performance state, and improve the user's satisfaction with the product.
  • the DC-DC conversion circuit 13 has a first control terminal, a second control terminal, a positive input terminal, a negative input terminal, a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal;
  • the first control terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the first control terminal of the control module
  • the second control terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the second control terminal of the control module
  • the The positive input terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply
  • the negative input terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply
  • the positive output terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.
  • the positive power transmission terminal of the electrical equipment is connected, and the negative output terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the negative power transmission terminal of the electrical equipment.
  • the DC-DC conversion circuit 13 includes: a first switching device Q1, a first diode D1, a first inductor L1, a second switching device Q2, and a second diode D2 and the first capacitor C2;
  • the control terminal of the first switching device Q1 is connected to the first control terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit, and the first connection terminal of the first switching device Q1 is connected to the positive input terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit , the second connection end of the first switching device Q1 is connected to the negative connection end of the first diode D1, and the positive connection end of the first diode D1 is connected to the negative connection end of the DC-DC conversion circuit
  • the input end is connected, one end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the negative connection end of the first diode D1, and the other end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the first connection end of the second switching device Q2 , the second connection terminal of the second switching device Q2 is connected to the negative connection terminal of the first diode D1, and the control terminal of the second switching device Q2 is connected to the second control terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit.
  • the other end of the inductor is connected to the positive connection end of the second diode D2, the negative connection end of the second diode D2 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C2, the The other end of a capacitor C2 is connected to the second connection end of the second switching device Q2, one end of the first capacitor C2 is connected to the positive output end of the DC-DC conversion circuit, and the The other end is connected to the negative output end of the DC-DC conversion circuit.
  • the voltage detection module 11 has a detection terminal and an output terminal
  • the detection terminal of the voltage detection module is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, and the output terminal of the voltage detection module is connected to the input terminal of the control module.
  • the voltage detection module 11 includes: a first resistor R5, a second resistor R4 and a second capacitor C1;
  • the first connection end of the first resistor R5 is connected to the detection end of the voltage detection module, the second connection end of the first resistor R5 is connected to the first connection end of the second capacitor C1, and the first connection end of the first resistor R5 is connected to the first connection end of the second capacitor C1.
  • the second connection end of the two capacitors C1 is grounded, the second connection end of the first resistor R5 is connected to the output end of the voltage detection module, and the first connection end of the first resistor R5 is connected to the second resistor R4
  • the first connection end of the second resistor R4 is connected to the second connection end of the second capacitor C1.
  • the second resistor R4 is a voltage dividing resistor, and the second capacitor C1 and the first resistor R5 form a filter circuit.
  • the voltage detection module 11 further includes: at least one voltage dividing resistor connected in series, and the voltage dividing resistor may be one or multiple, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 , Resistor R1, resistor R2 and resistor R3 are voltage divider resistors respectively;
  • One end of the series branch of at least one voltage dividing resistor is connected to the detection end of the voltage detection module, and the other end is connected to the first connection end of the first resistor R5.
  • control module 12 includes: a main control chip
  • the first I/O pin of the main control chip is connected to the first control terminal of the control module
  • the second I/O pin of the main control chip is connected to the second control terminal of the control module
  • the third I/O pin of the main control chip is connected to the input end of the control module.
  • the voltage output device further includes: a prompt module 14;
  • the control module is further configured to generate a low-power prompt instruction when the power supply voltage of the power supply is lower than a preset low-power state voltage, and the low-power prompt instruction is configured to instruct the prompt module to issue a low-power prompt. hint;
  • the prompt module 14 is configured to issue a low power prompt in response to the low power prompt instruction.
  • a voltage output control method is also provided, which is applied to the control module in the aforementioned voltage output device. As shown in FIG. 4 , the method includes:
  • Step S101 receiving the power supply voltage of the power supply
  • Step S102 generating a control command according to the power supply voltage, where the control command is set to instruct the DC-DC conversion circuit to perform voltage conversion;
  • Step S103 sending the control command to the DC-DC conversion circuit, so that the DC-DC conversion circuit, in response to the control command, converts the power supply voltage of the power supply, and converts the converted output voltage delivered to the electrical equipment.
  • the step S102 includes:
  • a circuit state switching instruction is generated, and the circuit state switching instruction is set to indicate the on-off state of the first switching device and the second switching device in the DC-DC conversion circuit, so as to make the DC-DC conversion
  • the circuit state of the circuit is switched between the Buck circuit and the Boost circuit.
  • a circuit state switching instruction is generated according to the supply voltage, and the circuit state switching instruction is set to instruct the on-off of the first switching device and the second switching device in the DC-DC conversion circuit state, so that the circuit state of the DC-DC conversion circuit is switched between the Buck circuit and the Boost circuit, including:
  • a first PWM control signal and a first turn-off signal are generated, the first PWM control signal is set to instruct the on-off of the first switching device, the first turn-off signal is an off signal is set to indicate that the second switching device is turned off, and the circuit state of the DC-DC conversion circuit is a Buck circuit;
  • the power supply voltage is greater than a preset low-power state voltage, and the power supply voltage is less than a preset output voltage, a first turn-on signal and a second PWM control signal are generated, and the first turn-on signal is set to indicate the The first switching device is turned on, the second PWM control signal is set to indicate the on-off of the second switching device Q2, and the circuit state of the DC-DC conversion circuit is a Boost circuit.
  • the voltage output device of the embodiment of the present disclosure provides two operating modes, mode one is constant voltage output, mode two is linear voltage output, mode one and mode two are independent states in one battery discharge cycle , can not be switched; if you want to switch between mode 1 and mode 2, according to the calculation method of the output voltage of the two modes and the input voltage of the battery, change the corresponding PWM signal output state and mode of each mode.
  • Both modes have Buck and Boost states. According to the actual detected battery voltage and preset voltage, if the battery voltage is lower than the preset voltage, it is Boost, and if the battery voltage is higher than the preset voltage, it is Buck.
  • the output terminal of the Buck/Boost circuit ie, the power terminal of the electrical load
  • the battery supply voltage is higher than the regulated output voltage, and the voltage can be reduced to the rated voltage output by the electrical appliance through the Buck step-down circuit; when the battery supply voltage is greater than the low-power state voltage and less than the output voltage value
  • the first switching device Q1 is in a fully-on state, and the second switching device Q2 is turned on and off according to the PWM signal with a certain duty cycle sent by the main control chip.
  • Voltage circuit to increase the battery supply voltage to the rated voltage output by the electrical appliance; when the battery supply voltage is less than the voltage value in the low-power state, all the switching devices of the Buck/Boost circuit module are turned off, and the circuit state is not running, stop When supplying power to the electrical appliance, the voltage at the output terminal of the Buck/Boost circuit is zero, and at the same time, the main control part recognizes the low-power state and issues a low-power state signal.
  • the main control chip will output the calculated value according to the real-time battery discharge voltage and linear voltage.
  • the PWM signals of different duty ratios make the actual supply voltage of the battery increase from the original discharge voltage to the voltage value of the linear output. After the voltage conversion, the voltage output is in a linear state.
  • An alternative implementation feature of the mode of the present disclosure is that only the Buck circuit is used to reduce the battery supply voltage to a certain (rated) voltage output by the appliance; when the battery supply voltage is lower than a certain (rated) voltage of the appliance, the Boost circuit is not used to The battery supply voltage is raised to a certain (rated) voltage and the voltage conversion circuit is turned off directly. After replacing this feature, it will affect the power supply time of the battery to the appliance.
  • An alternative implementation feature of the second mode of the present disclosure is that only when the linear output voltage is higher than a certain (rated) voltage output by the electrical appliance and a voltage value above, perform linear voltage conversion output on the battery supply voltage; when the linear output voltage is lower than the electrical appliance When the voltage value is at or below a certain (rated) value, the voltage conversion circuit is turned off, and the linear conversion output to the battery voltage is stopped. After replacing this feature, it will affect the power supply time of the battery to the appliance.
  • the method further includes:
  • a shutdown command is generated, and the shutdown command is set to instruct the first switching device and the second switching device in the DC-DC conversion circuit to be turned off, At this point, the power supply stops supplying power to the electrical equipment;
  • a low-power prompt instruction is generated, and the low-power prompt instruction is configured to instruct the prompt module to issue a low-power prompt.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

本公开涉及一种电压输出装置及电压输出控制方法，所述电压输出装置连接在供电电源和电器设备之间，所述电压输出装置包括：电压检测模块、控制模块和DC-DC变换电路；所述电压检测模块，被设置为检测所述供电电源的供电电压，将所述供电电压传递至所述控制模块；所述控制模块，被设置为根据所述供电电压生成控制指令，所述控制指令被设置为指示所述DC-DC变换电路进行电压转换；所述DC-DC变换电路，被设置为响应于所述控制指令，对所述供电电源的供电电压进行电压转换，将电压转换后的输出电压传递至所述电器设备。本公开实施例可以通过电压转换实现将供电电源的供电电压转换成符合电器设备需求的输出电压，延长供电电源为电器设备提供符合需求的输出电压的时长。

Description

一种电压输出装置及电压输出控制方法
本公开要求于2020年09月18日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010990013.3、发明名称为“一种电压输出装置及电压输出控制方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及电子技术领域，尤其涉及一种电压输出装置及电压输出控制方法。
背景技术
随着技术发展，如今家电产品越来越小型化、智能化。追求便捷的充电式家用产品越来越多，对其要求也越来越高。在充电式的家用电器中，目前大多都是使用高能量密度的锂电池作为直流电源进行供电。在普通的使用情况下，通过锂电池供电，一般都可保证电机及其负载的能够正常运行，直至电池电能消耗完毕。
但是在整个供电过程中，电池的供电电压会随着电池电能的消耗而逐渐降低，在使用过程体现为充电式家用电器的使用效果变差，如吸尘器吸力下降、剃须刀转速变慢等。电池处于电量较低的状态下，产品并不能正常发挥产品原有额定电压状态下的运行性能，只有当电池再次充满电后，该供电电压才再恢复输出至较高的电压值，使得产品中的驱动设备再次获得较高的动力。但如此良莠循环的使用效果，极大地影响了用户对产品的使用满足感。
发明内容
为了解决相关技术中存在的电池供电电压会随着电池电能的消耗而逐渐降低，影响家用电器的正常使用的技术问题，本公开提供了一种电压输出装置及电压输出控制方法。
第一方面，本公开提供了一种电压输出装置，所述电压输出装置连接在供电电源和电器设备之间，所述电压输出装置包括：电压检测模块、控制模块和DC-DC变换电路；
所述电压检测模块，被设置为检测所述供电电源的供电电压，将所述供电电压传递至所述控制模块；
所述控制模块，被设置为根据所述供电电压生成控制指令，所述控制指令被设置为指示所述DC-DC变换电路进行电压转换；
所述DC-DC变换电路，被设置为响应于所述控制指令，对所述供电电源的供电电压进行电压转换，将电压转换后的输出电压传递至所述电器设备。
在一些实施方式中，所述DC-DC变换电路具有第一控制端、第二控制端、正输入端、负输入端、正输出端和负输出端；
所述DC-DC变换电路的第一控制端与所述控制模块的第一控制端连接，所述DC-DC变换电路的第二控制端与所述控制模块的第二控制端连接，所述DC-DC变换电路的正输入端与所述供电电源的正极连接，所述DC-DC变换电路的负输入端与所述供电电源的负极连接，所述DC-DC变换电路的正输出端与所述电器设备的正输电端连接，所述DC-DC变换电路的负输出端与所述电器设备的负输电端连接。
在一些实施方式中，所述DC-DC变换电路包括：第一开关器件、第一二极管、第一电感、第二电感、第二开关器件、第二二极管和第一电容；
所述第一开关器件的控制端与所述DC-DC变换电路的第一控制端连接，所述第一开关器件的第一连接端与所述DC-DC变换电路的正输入端连接，所述第一开关器件的第二连接端与所述第一二极管的负连接端连接，所述第一二极管的正连接端与所述DC-DC变换电路的负输 入端连接，所述第一电感的一端与所述第一二极管的负连接端连接，所述第一电感的另一端与所述第二开关器件的第一连接端连接，所述第二开关器件的第二连接端与所述第一二极管的负连接端连接，所述第二开关器件的控制端与所述DC-DC变换电路的第二控制端连接，所述电感的另一端与所述第二二极管的正连接端连接，所述第二二极管的负连接端与所述第一电容的一端连接，所述第一电容的另一端与所述第二开关器件的第二连接端连接，所述第一电容的一端与所述DC-DC变换电路的正输出端连接，所述第一电容的另一端与所述DC-DC变换电路的的负输出端连接。
在一些实施方式中，所述电压检测模块具有检测端和输出端；
所述电压检测模块的检测端与所述供电电源的正极连接，所述电压检测模块的输出端与所述控制模块的输入端连接。
在一些实施方式中，所述电压检测模块包括：第一电阻、第二电阻和第二电容；
所述第一电阻的第一连接端与所述电压检测模块的检测端连接，所述第一电阻的第二连接端与所述第二电容的第一连接端连接，所述第二电容的第二连接端接地，所述第一电阻的第二连接端与所述电压检测模块的输出端连接，所述第一电阻的第一连接端与所述第二电阻的第一连接端连接，所述第二电阻的第二连接端与所述第二电容的第二连接端连接。
在一些实施方式中，所述电压检测模块还包括：至少一个串联的分压电阻；
至少一个分压电阻的串联支路的一端与所述电压检测模块的检测端连接，另一端与所述第一电阻的第一连接端连接。
在一些实施方式中，所述控制模块包括：主控芯片；
所述主控芯片的第一I/O引脚与所述控制模块的第一控制端连接，所述主控芯片的第二I/O引脚与所述控制模块的第二控制端连接，所述主控芯片的第三I/O引脚与所述控制模块的输入端连接。
在一些实施方式中，所述电压输出装置还包括：提示模块；
所述控制模块，还被设置为在所述供电电源的供电电压低于预设低电状态电压时，生成低电提示指令，所述低电提示指令被设置为指示所述提示模块发出低电提示；
所述提示模块，被设置为响应于所述低电提示指令，发出低电提示。
第二方面，本公开提供了一种电压输出控制方法，应用于如第一方面任一所述的控制模块中，所述方法包括：
接收所述供电电源的供电电压；
根据所述供电电压生成控制指令，所述控制指令被设置为指示所述DC-DC变换电路进行电压转换；
向所述DC-DC变换电路发送所述控制指令，以使所述DC-DC变换电路响应于所述控制指令，对所述供电电源的供电电压进行变换，将变换后的输出电压传递至所述电器设备。
在一些实施方式中，所述根据所述供电电压生成控制指令，所述控制指令被设置为指示所述DC-DC变换电路进行电压转换，包括：
根据所述供电电压，生成电路状态切换指令，所述电路状态切换指令被设置为指示DC-DC变换电路中第一开关器件和第二开关器件的通断状态，以使所述DC-DC变换电路的电路状态在Buck电路与Boost电路之间切换。
在一些实施方式中，根据所述供电电压，生成电路状态切换指令， 所述电路状态切换指令被设置为指示DC-DC变换电路中第一开关器件和第二开关器件的通断状态，以使所述DC-DC变换电路的电路状态在Buck电路与Boost电路之间切换，包括：
若所述供电电压小于预设额定电压，生成第一PWM控制信号及第一关断信号，所述第一PWM控制信号被设置为指示所述第一开关器件的通断，所述第一关断信号被设置为指示所述第二开关器件关断，所述DC-DC变换电路的电路状态为Buck电路；
若所述供电电压大于预设低电状态电压，且所述供电电压小于预设输出电压，生成第一导通信号和第二PWM控制信号，所述第一导通信号被设置为指示所述第一开关器件导通，所述第二PWM控制信号被设置为指示所述第二开关器件Q2的通断，所述DC-DC变换电路的电路状态为Boost电路。
在一些实施方式中，所述方法还包括：
若所述供电电压小于所述预设低电状态电压，生成关断指令，所述关断指令被设置为指示所述DC-DC变换电路中的第一开关器件和第二开关器件关断；
生成低电提示指令，所述低电提示指令被设置为指示所述提示模块发出低电提示。
本公开实施例提供的上述技术方案与相关技术相比具有如下优点：
本公开实施例通过电压检测模块检测供电电源的供电电压，将供电电压传递至控制模块，通过控制模块根据供电电压生成控制指令，通过DC-DC变换电路响应于所述控制指令，对供电电源的供电电压进行电压转换，将电压转换后的输出电压传递至所述电器设备。
本公开实施例可以根据供电电源的供电电压，控制DC-DC变换电 路对供电电源的供电电压进行电压转换，并将转换后的输出电压提供至电器设备，为电器设备供电，通过电压转换实现将供电电源的供电电压转换成符合电器设备需求的输出电压，延长供电电源为电器设备提供符合需求的输出电压的时长，避免供电电源的供电电压随电能的消耗逐渐降低导致的影响电器设备的使用的问题，该装置可使电器设备处于较高性能状态下运行，提高用户对产品的满意度。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本公开的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例或相关技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或相关技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，对于本领域普通技术人员而言，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本公开一个实施例提供的一种电压输出装置的一种结构示意图；
图2为本公开一个实施例提供的一种电压输出装置中电压检测模块、DC-DC变换电路的电路图；
图3为本公开一个实施例提供的一种电压输出装置的另一种结构示意图；
图4为本公开一个实施例提供的一种电压输出控制方法的流程图；
图5为本公开又一实施例提供的模式一一种稳压转换原理示意图；
图6为本公开又一实施例提供的模式二一种线性输出电压转换原理示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
由于在整个供电过程中，电池的供电电压会随着电池电能的消耗而逐渐降低，在使用过程体现为充电式家用电器的使用效果变差，如吸尘器吸力下降、剃须刀转速变慢等。电池处于电量较低的状态下，产品并不能正常发挥产品原有额定电压状态下的运行性能，只有当电池再次充满电后，该供电电压才再恢复输出至较高的电压值，使得产品中的驱动设备再次获得较高的动力。但如此良莠循环的使用效果，极大地影响了用户对产品的使用满足感。为此，本公开实施例提供的一种电压输出装置及电压输出控制方法，所述电压输出装置连接在供电电源和电器设备之间，如图1所示，所述电压输出装置包括：电压检测模块11、控制模块12和DC-DC变换电路13；
所述电压检测模块11，被设置为检测所述供电电源的供电电压，将所述供电电压传递至所述控制模块12；
所述控制模块12，被设置为根据所述供电电压生成控制指令，所述控制指令被设置为指示所述DC-DC变换电路进行电压转换；
所述DC-DC变换电路13，被设置为响应于所述控制指令，对所述供电电源的供电电压进行电压转换，将电压转换后的输出电压传递至所述电器设备。
本公开实施例通过电压检测模块检测供电电源的供电电压，将供电电压传递至控制模块，通过控制模块根据供电电压生成控制指令， 通过DC-DC变换电路响应于所述控制指令，对供电电源的供电电压进行电压转换，将电压转换后的输出电压传递至所述电器设备。
本公开实施例可以根据供电电源的供电电压，控制DC-DC变换电路对供电电源的供电电压进行电压转换，并将转换后的输出电压提供至电器设备，为电器设备供电，通过电压转换实现将供电电源的供电电压转换成符合电器设备需求的输出电压，延长供电电源为电器设备提供符合需求的输出电压的时长，避免供电电源的供电电压随电能的消耗逐渐降低导致的影响电器设备的使用的问题，该装置可使电器设备处于较高性能状态下运行，提高用户对产品的满意度。
在本公开的又一实施例中，所述DC-DC变换电路13具有第一控制端、第二控制端、正输入端、负输入端、正输出端和负输出端；
所述DC-DC变换电路的第一控制端与所述控制模块的第一控制端连接，所述DC-DC变换电路的第二控制端与所述控制模块的第二控制端连接，所述DC-DC变换电路的正输入端与所述供电电源的正极连接，所述DC-DC变换电路的负输入端与所述供电电源的负极连接，所述DC-DC变换电路的正输出端与所述电器设备的正输电端连接，所述DC-DC变换电路的负输出端与所述电器设备的负输电端连接。
在本公开的又一实施例中，所述DC-DC变换电路13包括：第一开关器件Q1、第一二极管D1、第一电感L1、第二开关器件Q2、第二二极管D2和第一电容C2；
所述第一开关器件Q1的控制端与所述DC-DC变换电路的第一控制端连接，所述第一开关器件Q1的第一连接端与所述DC-DC变换电路的正输入端连接，所述第一开关器件Q1的第二连接端与所述第一二极管D1的负连接端连接，所述第一二极管D1的正连接端与所述DC-DC变换电路的负输入端连接，所述第一电感L1的一端与所述第 一二极管D1的负连接端连接，所述第一电感L1的另一端与所述第二开关器件Q2的第一连接端连接，所述第二开关器件Q2的第二连接端与所述第一二极管D1的负连接端连接，所述第二开关器件Q2的控制端与所述DC-DC变换电路的第二控制端连接，所述电感的另一端与所述第二二极管D2的正连接端连接，所述第二二极管D2的负连接端与所述第一电容C2的一端连接，所述第一电容C2的另一端与所述第二开关器件Q2的第二连接端连接，所述第一电容C2的一端与所述DC-DC变换电路的正输出端连接，所述第一电容C2的另一端与所述DC-DC变换电路的的负输出端连接。
在本公开的又一实施例中，所述电压检测模块11具有检测端和输出端；
所述电压检测模块的检测端与所述供电电源的正极连接，所述电压检测模块的输出端与所述控制模块的输入端连接。
在本公开的又一实施例中，所述电压检测模块11包括：第一电阻R5、第二电阻R4和第二电容C1；
所述第一电阻R5的第一连接端与所述电压检测模块的检测端连接，所述第一电阻R5的第二连接端与所述第二电容C1的第一连接端连接，所述第二电容C1的第二连接端接地，所述第一电阻R5的第二连接端与所述电压检测模块的输出端连接，所述第一电阻R5的第一连接端与所述第二电阻R4的第一连接端连接，所述第二电阻R4的第二连接端与所述第二电容C1的第二连接端连接。
在本公开实施例中，第二电阻R4为分压电阻，第二电容C1和第一电阻R5组成滤波电路。
在本公开的又一实施例中，所述电压检测模块11还包括：至少一个串联的分压电阻，分压电阻可以为一个，也可以为多个，示例性的，如图2所示，电阻R1、电阻R2和电阻R3分别为分压电阻；
至少一个分压电阻的串联支路的一端与所述电压检测模块的检测端连接，另一端与所述第一电阻R5的第一连接端连接。
在本公开的又一实施例中，所述控制模块12包括：主控芯片；
所述主控芯片的第一I/O引脚与所述控制模块的第一控制端连接，所述主控芯片的第二I/O引脚与所述控制模块的第二控制端连接，所述主控芯片的第三I/O引脚与所述控制模块的输入端连接。
在本公开的又一实施例中，如图3所示，所述电压输出装置还包括：提示模块14；
所述控制模块，还被设置为在所述供电电源的供电电压低于预设低电状态电压时，生成低电提示指令，所述低电提示指令被设置为指示所述提示模块发出低电提示；
所述提示模块14，被设置为响应于所述低电提示指令，发出低电提示。
在本公开的又一实施例中，还提供一种电压输出控制方法，应用于前述电压输出装置中的控制模块中，如图4所示，所述方法包括：
步骤S101，接收所述供电电源的供电电压；
步骤S102，根据所述供电电压生成控制指令，所述控制指令被设置为指示所述DC-DC变换电路进行电压转换；
步骤S103，向所述DC-DC变换电路发送所述控制指令，以使所述DC-DC变换电路响应于所述控制指令，对所述供电电源的供电电压进行变换，将变换后的输出电压传递至所述电器设备。
在本公开的又一实施例中，所述步骤S102，包括：
根据所述供电电压，生成电路状态切换指令，所述电路状态切换 指令被设置为指示DC-DC变换电路中第一开关器件和第二开关器件的通断状态，以使所述DC-DC变换电路的电路状态在Buck电路与Boost电路之间切换。
在本公开的又一实施例中，根据所述供电电压，生成电路状态切换指令，所述电路状态切换指令被设置为指示DC-DC变换电路中第一开关器件和第二开关器件的通断状态，以使所述DC-DC变换电路的电路状态在Buck电路与Boost电路之间切换，包括：
若所述供电电压小于预设额定电压，生成第一PWM控制信号及第一关断信号，所述第一PWM控制信号被设置为指示所述第一开关器件的通断，所述第一关断信号被设置为指示所述第二开关器件关断，所述DC-DC变换电路的电路状态为Buck电路；
若所述供电电压大于预设低电状态电压，且所述供电电压小于预设输出电压，生成第一导通信号和第二PWM控制信号，所述第一导通信号被设置为指示所述第一开关器件导通，所述第二PWM控制信号被设置为指示所述第二开关器件Q2的通断，所述DC-DC变换电路的电路状态为Boost电路。
为了适应不同的应用需求，本公开实施例的电压输出装置提供了两种工作模式，模式一为恒压输出，模式二为线性电压输出，模式一和模式二在一个电池放电周期内为独立状态，不可切换；若要切换模式一与模式二，则根据两个模式输出电压与电池输入电压的计算方法，改变各模式对应PWM信号输出状态及方式。两个模式均有Buck与Boost的状态，根据实际检测的电池电压与预设电压，电池电压低于预设电压为Boost，电池电压高于预设电压则为Buck。
在实际应用中，可以令Buck/Boost电路输出端(即电器负载的电源端)根据模式一/模式二输出不同要求的电压值，从而为电器负载处于较优的电源电压状态，保证其本身能够以较高的性能运行。
本公开模式一的稳压输出条件如下：如图5所示，根据在Buck电路中，占空比D＝Vo/Vin以及Boost电路中Vo/Vin＝1/(1-D)的关系，电池满电至稳压后输出电压的情况下，第一开关器件Q1按照主控芯片发出一定占空比的PWM信号进行通断，第二开关器件Q2为完全关断状态，此时主电路的电路状态为Buck电路，此时电池供电电压高于稳压后的输出电压，可通过Buck降压电路使电压降至电器输出的额定电压；当电池供电电压大于低电状态电压，小于输出电压值的情况下，第一开关器件Q1为完全导通状态，第二开关器件Q2按照主控芯片发出一定占空比的PWM信号进行通断，此时主电路的电路状态为Boost电路，可通过Boost升压电路，将电池供电电压升高至电器输出的额定电压；当电池供电电压小于低电状态电压值时，此时Buck/Boost电路模块所有开关器件为关断状态，电路状态为不运行，停止对电器供电，Buck/Boost电路输出端电压为零，同时主控部分识别为低电状态，发出低电状态信号。
本公开模式二的线性电压输出条件如下：如图6所示，由图中电池放电曲线与电压线性输出曲线可得，线性输出电压总高于电池放电电压。则在此情况下，转换电路的电路状态总为Boost电路。当电池为满电状态时，通过电压检测电路检测其电池供电电压，与设定的关断阈值电压、满电-关断阈值的放电时间等参数计算其线性系数，再通过实际的放电时间得到其线性电压输出计算值，即线性系数k＝(U电池满电电压—U关断阈值电压)/满电至关断阈值的放电时间。通过电压检测电路，主控芯片将根据实时的电池放电电压与线性电压输出计算值，U线性电压输出计算值＝—kt+U电池满电电压，t为实际电池放电时间，占空比D则根据U线性电压输出计算值/U实时电池供电电压＝1/(1-D)确定；使得电压转换电路中的第一开关器件Q1为完全导通状态，第二开关器件Q2接收主控芯片发出不同占空比的PWM信号，使得电池的实际供电电压由原放电电压升高至线性输出的电压值，经电 压转换后，电压输出为线性状态。当线性输出电压小于低电状态电压值时，此时Buck/Boost电路模块所有开关器件为关断状态，电路状态为不运行，停止对电器供电，电压转换电路输出端电压为零，同时主控部分识别为低电状态，发出低电状态信号。
本公开模式一可替代实施的特征为只使用Buck电路将电池供电电压降至电器输出的某一(额定)电压；当电池供电电压低于电器某一(额定)电压时，不使用Boost电路将电池供电电压升高至某一(额定)电压，并直接关断该电压转换电路。替代该特征后，将影响电池对电器的供电时间。
本公开模式二可替代实施的特征为只在线性输出电压高于电器输出的某一(额定)电压及以上的电压值时，对电池供电电压进行线性电压转换输出；当线性输出电压低于电器某一(额定)及以下的电压值时，关断该电压转换电路，停止对电池电压的线性转换输出。替代该特征后，将影响电池对电器的供电时间。
在本公开的又一实施例中，所述方法还包括：
若所述供电电压小于所述预设低电状态电压，生成关断指令，所述关断指令被设置为指示所述DC-DC变换电路中的第一开关器件和第二开关器件关断，此时，供电电源停止为电器设备供电；
生成低电提示指令，所述低电提示指令被设置为指示所述提示模块发出低电提示。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本公开的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本公开进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本公开各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如“第一”和“第二”等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上所述仅是本公开的具体实施方式，使本领域技术人员能够理解或实现本公开。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本公开的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本公开将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所申请的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种电压输出装置，所述电压输出装置连接在供电电源和电器设备之间，所述电压输出装置包括：电压检测模块、控制模块和DC-DC变换电路；
    所述电压检测模块，被设置为检测所述供电电源的供电电压，将所述供电电压传递至所述控制模块；
    所述控制模块，被设置为根据所述供电电压生成控制指令，所述控制指令被设置为指示所述DC-DC变换电路进行电压转换；
    所述DC-DC变换电路，被设置为响应于所述控制指令，对所述供电电源的供电电压进行电压转换，将电压转换后的输出电压传递至所述电器设备。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电压输出装置，其中，所述DC-DC变换电路具有第一控制端、第二控制端、正输入端、负输入端、正输出端和负输出端；
    所述DC-DC变换电路的第一控制端与所述控制模块的第一控制端连接，所述DC-DC变换电路的第二控制端与所述控制模块的第二控制端连接，所述DC-DC变换电路的正输入端与所述供电电源的正极连接，所述DC-DC变换电路的负输入端与所述供电电源的负极连接，所述DC-DC变换电路的正输出端与所述电器设备的正输电端连接，所述DC-DC变换电路的负输出端与所述电器设备的负输电端连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电压输出装置，其中，所述DC-DC变换电路包括：第一开关器件、第一二极管、第一电感、第二电感、第二开关器件、第二二极管和第一电容；
    所述第一开关器件的控制端与所述DC-DC变换电路的第一控制端连接，所述第一开关器件的第一连接端与所述DC-DC变换电路的正输 入端连接，所述第一开关器件的第二连接端与所述第一二极管的负连接端连接，所述第一二极管的正连接端与所述DC-DC变换电路的负输入端连接，所述第一电感的一端与所述第一二极管的负连接端连接，所述第一电感的另一端与所述第二开关器件的第一连接端连接，所述第二开关器件的第二连接端与所述第一二极管的负连接端连接，所述第二开关器件的控制端与所述DC-DC变换电路的第二控制端连接，所述电感的另一端与所述第二二极管的正连接端连接，所述第二二极管的负连接端与所述第一电容的一端连接，所述第一电容的另一端与所述第二开关器件的第二连接端连接，所述第一电容的一端与所述DC-DC变换电路的正输出端连接，所述第一电容的另一端与所述DC-DC变换电路的的负输出端连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电压输出装置，其中，所述电压检测模块具有检测端和输出端；
    所述电压检测模块的检测端与所述供电电源的正极连接，所述电压检测模块的输出端与所述控制模块的输入端连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电压输出装置，其中，所述电压检测模块包括：第一电阻、第二电阻和第二电容；
    所述第一电阻的第一连接端与所述电压检测模块的检测端连接，所述第一电阻的第二连接端与所述第二电容的第一连接端连接，所述第二电容的第二连接端接地，所述第一电阻的第二连接端与所述电压检测模块的输出端连接，所述第一电阻的第一连接端与所述第二电阻的第一连接端连接，所述第二电阻的第二连接端与所述第二电容的第二连接端连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电压输出装置，其中，所述电压检测模块还包括：至少一个串联的分压电阻；
    至少一个分压电阻的串联支路的一端与所述电压检测模块的检测 端连接，另一端与所述第一电阻的第一连接端连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的电压输出装置，其中，所述控制模块包括：主控芯片；
    所述主控芯片的第一I/O引脚与所述控制模块的第一控制端连接，所述主控芯片的第二I/O引脚与所述控制模块的第二控制端连接，所述主控芯片的第三I/O引脚与所述控制模块的输入端连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电压输出装置，其中，所述电压输出装置还包括：提示模块；
    所述控制模块，还被设置为在所述供电电源的供电电压低于预设低电状态电压时，生成低电提示指令，所述低电提示指令被设置为指示所述提示模块发出低电提示；
    所述提示模块，被设置为响应于所述低电提示指令，发出低电提示。
  9. 一种电压输出控制方法，应用于如权利要求1至8任一所述的控制模块中，所述方法包括：
    接收所述供电电源的供电电压；
    根据所述供电电压生成控制指令，所述控制指令被设置为指示所述DC-DC变换电路进行电压转换；
    向所述DC-DC变换电路发送所述控制指令，以使所述DC-DC变换电路响应于所述控制指令，对所述供电电源的供电电压进行变换，将变换后的输出电压传递至所述电器设备。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电压输出控制方法，其中，所述根据所述供电电压生成控制指令，所述控制指令被设置为指示所述DC-DC变换电路进行电压转换，包括：
    根据所述供电电压，生成电路状态切换指令，所述电路状态切换指令被设置为指示DC-DC变换电路中第一开关器件和第二开关器件的通断状态，以使所述DC-DC变换电路的电路状态在Buck电路与Boost电路之间切换。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电压输出控制方法，其中，根据所述供电电压，生成电路状态切换指令，所述电路状态切换指令被设置为指示DC-DC变换电路中第一开关器件和第二开关器件的通断状态，以使所述DC-DC变换电路的电路状态在Buck电路与Boost电路之间切换，包括：
    若所述供电电压小于预设额定电压，生成第一PWM控制信号及第一关断信号，所述第一PWM控制信号被设置为指示所述第一开关器件的通断，所述第一关断信号被设置为指示所述第二开关器件关断，所述DC-DC变换电路的电路状态为Buck电路；
    若所述供电电压大于预设低电状态电压，且所述供电电压小于预设输出电压，生成第一导通信号和第二PWM控制信号，所述第一导通信号被设置为指示所述第一开关器件导通，所述第二PWM控制信号被设置为指示所述第二开关器件Q2的通断，所述DC-DC变换电路的电路状态为Boost电路。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的电压输出控制方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    若所述供电电压小于预设低电状态电压，生成关断指令，所述关断指令被设置为指示所述DC-DC变换电路中的第一开关器件和第二开关器件关断；
    生成低电提示指令，所述低电提示指令被设置为指示提示模块发出低电提示。
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