WO2022041924A1 - 一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022041924A1
WO2022041924A1 PCT/CN2021/099284 CN2021099284W WO2022041924A1 WO 2022041924 A1 WO2022041924 A1 WO 2022041924A1 CN 2021099284 W CN2021099284 W CN 2021099284W WO 2022041924 A1 WO2022041924 A1 WO 2022041924A1
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Prior art keywords
mold
foaming
foamed
eva
preparation
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PCT/CN2021/099284
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English (en)
French (fr)
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卢鑫
储晨辉
廖毅彬
王育玲
罗显发
丁思博
丁思恩
林剑坤
陈振裕
吴欢欢
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茂泰(福建)鞋材有限公司
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Publication of WO2022041924A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022041924A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C44/08—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using several expanding or moulding steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C44/04—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/3415—Heating or cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
    • C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
    • C08J9/102—Azo-compounds
    • C08J9/103—Azodicarbonamide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/48—Wearing apparel
    • B29L2031/50—Footwear, e.g. shoes or parts thereof
    • B29L2031/504—Soles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/04—N2 releasing, ex azodicarbonamide or nitroso compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2323/08—Copolymers of ethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2423/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2423/08—Copolymers of ethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C08K13/02—Organic and inorganic ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
    • C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of foamed materials, in particular to a preparation method of a secondary molded foamed shoe sole.
  • EVA material has developed rapidly in recent years. Because of its low density, non-toxicity, good thermal insulation and sound insulation, it is widely used in the manufacture of fitness equipment, shoe soles, mattresses and other products.
  • the process of manufacturing EVA foam soles mainly includes molding foaming and injection foaming. Since injection foaming requires special EVA injection foaming equipment, the investment cost is large, and the product size shrinks greatly and the fine patterns are not clear. High-grade EVA foam soles are mostly produced by molding foam.
  • the production steps of the existing molded foam soles are as follows: after the foamed raw materials are subjected to banburying, open refining, extrusion granulation and foaming, a cooling process is required, and the cooling generally takes 24 hours. , The surface of the initial foaming embryo is crystallized to form a dense surface layer, and then the skin needs to be roughened to remove the skin, and then the pattern can be pressed out by oil pressure heating and cooling to set the shape, that is, the molded foam sole is obtained.
  • the invention provides a preparation method of a secondary molded foamed sole, which solves the problems in the prior art that the first foaming of an EVA foamed sole needs to be cooled for 24 hours, and the production time is long, and the production efficiency is improved.
  • the beneficial effect of saving production costs is particularly suitable for producing foamed materials with high elasticity, low hardness, skin-friendly, comfortable and other characteristics.
  • the invention provides a preparation method of a secondary molded foam sole, comprising the following steps:
  • step b) The EVA material rice obtained in step a) is foamed by molding, the first foaming ratio is 140%-185%, the foaming temperature is 172°C-182°C, the foaming is completed, and the mold is automatically opened to obtain a surface temperature that is not low Foam the primary embryo at 130°C;
  • the first expansion ratio is greater than the expansion ratio of the hydraulic mold.
  • step d) is located between step b) and step c), the concrete method of described step d) is:
  • step b) Put the foamed primary embryo with a surface temperature of not lower than 130°C obtained in step b) into a shaping oven, the temperature in the shaping oven is not lower than 130°C, and the time is 5min-12min, and the foamed primary embryo is taken out.
  • EVA material rice molding foaming adopts any one in the following molding foaming process:
  • the second type Pour the EVA rice into the suction bucket, automatically suction, inject, and foam in the mold.
  • the foaming raw material is a low crystallinity foaming material
  • the low crystallinity foaming material refers to that the VA content in the EVA is greater than 26%, polyolefin materials are not used, and amorphous polymer materials account for The specific quality score is not less than 24%.
  • foaming raw materials and parts by mass include:
  • foaming raw materials and parts by mass include:
  • the preparation method of the regenerated EVA is as follows: the material head, defective product, waste product, leftover material, and waste photovoltaic cell encapsulation EVA film produced in the process of producing the EVA sole are put into a crusher and crushed, and then prepared by banburying. become.
  • the plasticized cork powder is a plasticized cork powder obtained by compounding the cork powder with glycerin and formamide.
  • modified starch preparation method comprises the following steps:
  • the corn starch is weighed and placed in the reactor, under stirring conditions, added distilled water, mixed with a mass ratio of 40% starch milk, adding and accounting for the mass fraction of starch to be 3% solid sodium chloride, warming up to 50 ° C, The pH value was adjusted to 11.0 with 0.5mol/L NaOH solution, and the solid sodium hexametaphosphate with a mass fraction of 2% of starch was added. The reaction process kept the pH unchanged, and the reaction time was 4h;
  • step c) concrete steps:
  • the temperature of the initial foaming embryo is not lower than 130 °C, close the mold, push it into the heating station of the secondary foaming molding machine, pressurize and heat up, the temperature is 173 °C-177 °C, Time 40 seconds-70 seconds, then transfer the hydraulic mold to the cooling station, pressurize, spray water to cool the mold, the water temperature of the water cooling mold is not higher than 5 °C, the setting time is 220 seconds-300 seconds, pull out the mold, The finished product is taken out to obtain the foamed sole.
  • the hydraulic mold is a hydraulic iron mold.
  • the preparation method of the foamed sole of the present invention its first foaming ratio is greater than the foaming ratio of the hydraulic mold, because shrinkage will occur when the foamed initial embryo is taken out, and the foaming ratio will decrease, so adjust the hydraulic mold.
  • the size of the foaming preform is consistent with the size of the hydraulic mold, so that the foaming preform just taken out of the mold can be matched with the hydraulic mold of the same code segment.
  • the preparation method of the existing foamed sole needs to be cooled after foaming, and the surface of the cooled initial foam will crystallize, resulting in a dense surface layer, which makes it difficult for the initial foam to extrude the pattern, so after cooling
  • the roughing process needs to be carried out, and the production time is long; and the preparation method of the present application is immediately transferred to the oil pressure mold after the initial foaming, the oil pressure heating time is greatly shortened, the energy consumption is reduced, and the surface is not crystallized, and the embossing pattern is relatively easy, Production time is short.
  • the preparation method of the present invention does not need to go through processes such as cooling, roughening, quality inspection, and storage, shortens the production cycle by more than 40%, and reduces labor costs by about 30%.
  • the present invention also increases the heat preservation and shaping process, so that the initial foaming embryo shrinks in the incubator, and then is put into the mold, the size is more stable, and the use range is wider.
  • the hydraulic mold of this application adopts iron mold instead of traditional aluminum mold, because iron has higher density, higher hardness, better compactness, and is not easy to be crushed.
  • the product will have less burrs and clear surface patterns. .
  • a preparation method of a secondary molded foam material comprising the following steps:
  • the material heads, defective products, waste products, leftovers, and waste photovoltaic cell packaging EVA film produced in the process of producing EVA soles are put into a crusher to be crushed, and then prepared by banburying.
  • EVA 7470M mass parts, the same below
  • 27 parts of regenerated EVA 12 parts of plasticized cork powder, 12 parts of modified starch, 2.0 parts of foaming agent AC, 1.1 parts of cross-linking agent BIBP, 1.5 parts of zinc stearate parts, 1.0 parts of zinc oxide, 1.3 parts of stearic acid, and 7 parts of talc powder were mixed and banburying, adjusted the banburying temperature to 96 °C, kept for 6 min, then turned the material twice, continued banburying to heat up, and the discharge temperature was 106 °C, After the banburying is finished, open refining and extrusion granulation are carried out to obtain EVA rice;
  • a preparation method of a secondary molded foam material comprising the following steps:
  • EVA 7350M masses parts, the same below
  • 39 parts of EVA 7470M 15 parts of POE 8150, 1.7 parts of foaming agent AC, 1.0 parts of cross-linking agent BIBP, 1.5 parts of zinc stearate, 1.0 parts of zinc oxide, hard 1.0 part of fatty acid and 7 parts of talcum powder were mixed and banburyed, and the banburying temperature was adjusted to 96°C, kept for 6 minutes, and then the material was turned over twice, and the temperature of the banbury was continued to heat up. The discharge temperature was 106°C. Extrusion and granulation to obtain EVA rice;
  • the heating station pressurize and heat up, the temperature is 180 °C, the time is 55 seconds, then transfer the hydraulic mold to the cooling station, pressurize and spray water to cool the mold, the water temperature of the water cooling mold is not higher than 5 °C, and shape
  • the time is 280 seconds, the mold is pulled out, the finished product is taken out, and the foamed sole is obtained.
  • a preparation method of a secondary molded foam material comprising the following steps:
  • EVA 7470M mass parts, the same below
  • 25 parts of regenerated EVA 18 parts of plasticized cork powder, 18 parts of modified starch, 2.1 parts of foaming agent AC, 1.2 parts of cross-linking agent BIBP, 1.6 parts of zinc stearate parts, 1.0 parts of zinc oxide, 1.3 parts of stearic acid, and 8 parts of talc powder were mixed and mixed, and the mixing temperature was adjusted to 95 ° C, kept for 6 min, and then turned over twice, and the temperature of the mixing was continued, and the discharge temperature was 106 ° C. After the banburying is finished, open refining and extrusion granulation are carried out to obtain EVA rice;
  • the EVA rice is poured into the mold, and the foaming ratio is 167%, the mold temperature is 182 °C, the foaming is completed, and the mold is automatically opened to obtain a foamed embryo with a temperature not lower than 130 °C;
  • the oven temperature is not lower than 130°C for 7 minutes, and take out the pre-foamed embryo with a temperature not lower than 130°C.
  • a preparation method of a secondary molded foam material comprising the following steps:
  • the preparation method is the same as in Example 1, the difference is
  • the temperature of the initial foaming embryo is room temperature, close the mold, push it into the heating station of the secondary foaming molding machine, pressurize and heat up, and the temperature is 180 °C, Time for 280 seconds, then transfer the hydraulic mold to the cooling station, pressurize and cool the mold with water. Soap the soles.
  • a preparation method of a secondary molded foam material comprising the following steps:
  • EVA 7470M mass parts, the same below
  • EVA 40W 15 parts of EPDM
  • 2.0 parts of foaming agent AC 1.1 parts of crosslinking agent BIBP
  • 1.5 parts of zinc stearate 1.5 parts of zinc oxide
  • stearin Mix 1.3 parts of acid and 7 parts of talc powder, adjust the mixing temperature to 96 °C, keep it for 6 minutes, then turn the material twice, continue mixing to heat up, and the discharge temperature is 106 °C. out of granulation to obtain EVA rice;
  • the temperature of the initial foaming embryo is room temperature, close the mold, push it into the heating station of the secondary foaming molding machine, pressurize and heat up, and the temperature is 180 °C, Time for 280 seconds, then transfer the hydraulic mold to the cooling station, pressurize and cool the mold with water. Soap the soles.
  • the adopted raw materials of embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 are identical, but the preparation methods are different; comparative example 1 adopts existing technology to prepare low crystallization rate foaming sole, and its foaming initial embryo placement time is greater than 24 hours, secondary foaming time It is about 280 seconds, the foaming storage space is large, and the roughing process is required; the present embodiment 1 saves the placement and roughing process steps, and the secondary foaming time is about 55 seconds, which greatly reduces the production cost, and at the same time While reducing the production cost, it also ensures the physical properties of the sole, and is especially suitable for producing foam materials with high elasticity, low hardness, skin-friendly, comfortable and other characteristics.
  • Example 2 and Example 1 are different, which proves that the preparation method of the present application is also applicable to other foamed soles.
  • Example 3 The raw materials and preparation methods used in Example 3 are different from those in Example 1 and Example 2.
  • an oven setting process was added, so that the foamed embryos were first shrunk in the thermostat, and then put into a mold. More stable, it solves the limitation that the higher the content of low-crystallinity foamed materials, the more unstable the size is, and the application range is wider.
  • Comparative Example 2 The raw materials and preparation methods of Comparative Example 2 are different from those of Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3. Comparative Example 2 adopts the existing high-elasticity and low-hardness components and the existing technology, and the required production time is also Much larger than the embodiments of the present application.
  • the invention discloses a preparation method for a secondary molding foamed shoe sole, comprising: a) preparing EVA material rice; b) molding and foaming the EVA material rice obtained in step a), and the first foaming ratio is 140%- 185%, the foaming temperature is 172°C-182°C, the foaming is over, the mold is automatically opened, and the surface temperature is not lower than 130°C.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法，包括：a)制备EVA料米；b)将步骤a)得到的EVA料米模压发泡，第一次发泡倍率为140％-185％，发泡温度172℃-182℃，发泡结束，自动开模，得到表面温度不低于130℃发泡初胚；c)将表面温度不低于130℃的发泡初胚放入油压模具，合模，推入二次发泡成型机的加热站位，加压、升温，油压模具倍率为135％-180％，温度170℃-180℃，时间20秒-100秒,然后将油压模具转移至冷却站位，加压、淋水冷却模具，定型时间150秒-400秒，拉出模具，取出成品，得到发泡鞋底；所述第一次发泡倍率大于所述油压模具发泡倍率；本申请的制备方法在初次发泡后，立即转移至油压模具，油压升温发泡时间缩短，减少能源消耗，压花纹较容易。

Description

一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及发泡材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法。
背景技术
EVA材料近些年来发展十分迅速，因其具有低密度、无毒、隔热隔音性好等特点，被广泛应用于健身器材、鞋底、床垫等产品的制造。
制造EVA发泡鞋底的工艺主要有模压发泡和射出发泡，由于射出发泡需要专用的EVA射出发泡设备，投资成本较大，且产品尺寸收缩大、细小花纹不清晰，因此现有中高档EVA发泡鞋底大多用模压发泡的生产方法。
现有的模压发泡鞋底生产步骤为：发泡原材料经密炼、开炼、挤出造粒、发泡后，还需经过冷却工序，冷却一般需要24小时，冷却后发泡初胚收缩定型，发泡初胚表面结晶，形成致密表层，然后需打粗去除表皮，再经油压加热、冷却定型才能压出花纹，即得模压发泡鞋底。
发明内容
本发明提供一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法，解决了现有技术中EVA发泡鞋底首次发泡需经冷却24小时、打粗等工序生产时间长等问题，实现了提高生产效率，节约生产成本的有益效果，特别适用于生产具有高弹、低硬度、亲肤、舒适等特性的发泡材料。
本发明提供了一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
a)制备EVA料米；
b)将步骤a)得到的EVA料米模压发泡，第一次发泡倍率为140％-185％，发泡温度172℃-182℃，发泡结束，自动开模，得到表面温度不低于130℃发泡初胚；
c)将表面温度不低于130℃的发泡初胚放入油压模具，合模，推入二次发泡成型机的加热站位，加压、升温，油压模具倍率为135％-180％，温度170℃-180℃，时间20秒-100秒,然后将油压模具转移至冷却站位，加压、淋水冷却模具，定型时间150秒-400秒，拉出模具，取出成品，得到发泡鞋底；
所述第一次发泡倍率大于所述油压模具发泡倍率。
进一步地，还包括步骤d),所述步骤d)位于步骤b)与步骤c)之间，所述步骤d)的具体方法为：
将步骤b)得到的表面温度不低于130℃的发泡初胚放入定型烘箱，定型烘箱内的温度不低于130℃，时间5min-12min，取出发泡初胚。
进一步地，所述a)制备EVA料米的具体方法为：
将发泡原材料混合密炼，调整密炼温度为95℃-98℃，保持4min-6min，然后翻料1-3次，继续密炼升温，出料温度为105℃-107℃，密炼结束后进行开炼、挤出造粒，得到EVA料米。
进一步地，所述EVA料米模压发泡是采用以下模压发泡工艺中的任意一种：
第一种：将EVA料米倒入真空小发泡模具，升温，模内发泡；或
第二种：将EVA料米倒入吸料桶，自动吸料、射出，模内发泡。
进一步地，所述发泡原材料为低结晶率发泡原材料，所述低结晶率发泡材料指的是，EVA中的VA含量大于26％、不使用聚烯烃材料且非结晶性聚合物材料占比质量分数不低于24％。
进一步地，所述发泡原材料及质量份包括：
Figure PCTCN2021099284-appb-000001
进一步地，所述发泡原材料及质量份包括：
Figure PCTCN2021099284-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2021099284-appb-000003
进一步地，所述再生EVA的制备方法为：将生产EVA鞋底过程中产生的料头、次品、废品、边角料、废弃光伏电池封装EVA胶膜放入破碎机破碎，再经密炼制备而成。
进一步地，所述增塑软木粉是将软木粉与甘油、甲酰胺复合而成的增塑软木粉。
进一步地，所述改性淀粉制备方法包括以下步骤：
1)将玉米淀粉称重置于反应釜中，在搅拌条件下，加入蒸馏水，配制成质量比为40％淀粉乳，加入占淀粉的质量分数为3％固体氯化钠，升温到50℃，以0.5mol/L的NaOH溶液调节至pH值11.0，加入占淀粉的质量分数为2％的六偏磷酸钠固体，反应过程保持pH不变，反应时间4h；
2)以0.5mol/L的HCl溶液调节至pH值为8.5，逐滴加入占淀粉质量分数为7.5％的乙酸酐，滴加过程中，不断以0.5mol/L NaOH溶液中和反应体系，使体系保持pH值不变，滴加乙酸酐结束后继续反应3.0h；
3)反应结束后，以0.5mol/L HCl溶液调节pH至中性，抽滤，用蒸馏水洗涤3次，烘干、粉碎，得乙酰化淀粉成品；
4)称取500g的乙酰化淀粉成品，控制水分在8％以下，放置在容器 中，加入甘油和甲酰胺复合增塑剂，粗略搅拌后转入高速搅拌搅机中搅拌均匀，装入密闭容器中放置24h后，得改性淀粉成品。
进一步地，所述步骤c)的具体步骤为：
将发泡初胚放入油压模具，发泡初胚温度不低于130℃，合模，推入二次发泡成型机的加热站位，加压、升温，温度173℃-177℃，时间40秒-70秒,然后将油压模具转移至冷却站位，加压、淋水冷却模具，淋水冷却模具的水温不高于5℃，定型时间220秒-300秒，拉出模具，取出成品，即得到发泡鞋底。
进一步地，所述油压模具为油压铁模具。
本申请实施例中提供的一个或多个技术方案，至少具有如下技术效果或优点：
1、本发明的发泡鞋底的制备方法，其第一次发泡倍率大于油压模具的发泡倍率，由于发泡初胚取出时会发生收缩，发泡倍率会下降，因此调整油压模具的发泡倍率，使得发泡初胚的尺寸与油压模具尺寸一致，实现刚从模具中取出的发泡初胚和同码段的油压模具相匹配。
2、现有的发泡鞋底的制备方法在发泡后还需冷却，经冷却后的发泡初胚表面会结晶，产生致密表层，导致发泡初胚难以压出花纹，因此在冷却后还需进行打粗工序，生产时间长；而本申请的制备方法在初次发泡后，立即转移至油压模具，油压升温时间大大缩短，减少能源消耗，且表面未结晶，压花纹较容易，生产时间短。
3、本发明的发泡鞋底配方中添加非结晶性材料增塑软木粉和改性 淀粉，降低结晶率发泡材料表面结晶速度和结晶率，使得发泡初胚从发泡模具拿出后，短时间内不会结晶，发泡初胚温度不低于130℃，材料真正结晶定型是在油压模具的冷却过程。
4、本发明的制备方法无需经过冷却、打粗、品检、入库等工序，缩短生产周期40％以上，降低人工成本约30％。
5、本发明还增加保温定型工序，使发泡初胚在恒温箱里先收缩，后在放入模具，尺寸更稳定，使用范围更广。
6、本申请的油压模具采用铁模，替代传统的铝模具，因为铁的密度更高，硬度更高，致密性更好，不容易压坏，产品的毛边会更少，且表面花纹清晰。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解上述技术方案，下面将结合说明书以及具体的实施方式对上述技术方案进行详细的说明。
实施例1：
一种二次模压发泡材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
a)制备改性淀粉：
1)将1000g玉米淀粉置于四口反应釜中，在搅拌条件下，加入蒸馏水配制成40％(质量比)淀粉乳，加入30g固体氯化钠，升温到50℃，以0.5mol/L的NaOH溶液调节至pH值11.0，加入20g的六偏磷酸钠固体，反应过程保持pH不变，反应时间4h；
2)以0.5mol/L HCl溶液调节pH值到8.5，逐滴加入75g的乙酸酐， 滴加过程中，不断以0.5mol/L NaOH溶液中和反应体系，使体系保持pH值基本不变，滴加乙酸酐结束后继续反应3.0h；
3)反应结束后，以0.5mol/L HCl溶液调节pH至中性，抽滤，用蒸馏水洗涤3次，烘干、粉碎，得乙酰化淀粉成品；
4)称取500g的乙酰化淀粉，控制水分在8％以下，至于在容器中，加入40g甘油和15g甲酰胺的复合增塑剂，粗略搅拌后转入高速搅拌搅机中搅拌均匀，装入密闭容器中放置24h后，得改性淀粉成品。
b)制备再生EVA:
将生产EVA鞋底过程中产生的料头、次品、废品、边角料、废弃光伏电池封装EVA胶膜放入破碎机破碎、再经密炼制备而成。
c)制备增塑软木粉：
称取500g的软木粉，控制水分在5％以下(淀粉是多羟基化合物，很容易吸水，不是真空干燥环境，会吸收空气中的水分，因此要控制其水分)，至于容器中，加入50g甘油和25g甲酰胺的复合增塑剂，粗略搅拌后转入高速搅拌搅机中搅拌均匀，装入密闭容器中放置24h后，得改增塑软木粉成品。
d)制备EVA料米：
将EVA 7470M 25份(质量份，下同)、再生EVA 27份、增塑软木粉12份、改性淀粉12份、发泡剂AC 2.0份、交联剂BIBP 1.1份、硬脂酸锌1.5份、氧化锌1.0份、硬脂酸1.3份、滑石粉7份混合密炼，调整密炼温度为96℃，保持6min，然后翻料2次，继续密炼升温，出料温度为106℃， 密炼结束后进行开炼、挤出造粒，得到EVA料米；
e)发泡：
将EVA料米倒入真空小发泡模具，升温发泡，发泡倍率为165％，模具温度180℃，发泡结束，自动开模，得到温度不低于130℃的发泡初胚；
f)二次发泡定型：
将温度不低于130℃的发泡初胚放入倍率为160％的油压模具，合模，推入二次发泡成型机的加热站位，加压、升温，温度180℃，时间55秒,然后将油压模具转移至冷却站位，加压、淋水冷却模具，淋水冷却模具的水温不高于5℃，定型时间280秒，拉出模具，取出成品，即得到发泡鞋底。
实施例2
一种二次模压发泡材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
a)制备EVA料米：
将EVA 7350M 25份(质量份，下同)、EVA 7470M 39份、POE 8150 15份、发泡剂AC 1.7份、交联剂BIBP 1.0份、硬脂酸锌1.5份、氧化锌1.0份、硬脂酸1.0份、滑石粉7份混合密炼，调整密炼温度为96℃，保持6min，然后翻料2次，继续密炼升温，出料温度为106℃，密炼结束后进行开炼、挤出造粒，得到EVA料米；
b)发泡：
将EVA料米倒入真空小发泡模具，升温发泡，发泡倍率为164％，模具温度178℃，发泡结束，自动开模，得到温度不低于130℃的发泡初胚；
a)二次发泡定型：
将温度不低于130℃的发泡初胚放入倍率为160％的油压模具，合模，推入二次发泡即将发泡初胚放入发泡倍率为160％的油压成型机的加热站位，加压、升温，温度180℃，时间55秒,然后将油压模具转移至冷却站位，加压、淋水冷却模具，淋水冷却模具的水温不高于5℃，定型时间280秒，拉出模具，取出成品，即得到发泡鞋底。
实施例3
一种二次模压发泡材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
a)制备EVA料米：
将EVA 7470M 20份(质量份，下同)、再生EVA 25份、增塑软木粉18份、改性淀粉18份、发泡剂AC 2.1份、交联剂BIBP 1.2份、硬脂酸锌1.6份、氧化锌1.0份、硬脂酸1.3份、滑石粉8份混合密炼，调整密炼温度为95℃，保持6min，然后翻料2次，继续密炼升温，出料温度为106℃，密炼结束后进行开炼、挤出造粒，得到EVA料米；
b)发泡：
将EVA料米倒入模具，一次射出成型，发泡倍率为167％，模具温度182℃，发泡结束，自动开模，得到温度不低于130℃的发泡初胚；
c)烘箱定型：
将上一步骤得到的温度不低于130℃的发泡初胚并放入定型烘箱，烘箱温度不低于130℃，时间7分种，取出温度不低于130℃的发泡初胚。
d)二次发泡定型：
将温度不低于130℃的发泡初胚放入发泡倍率为160％的油压模具，合模，推入二次发泡成型机的加热站位，加压、升温，温度180℃，时间60秒,然后将油压模具转移至冷却站位，加压、淋水冷却模具，淋水冷却模具的水温不高于5℃，定型时间280秒，拉出模具，取出成品，即得到发泡鞋底。
对比例1
一种二次模压发泡材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
制备方法与实施例1相同，所不同的是
e)发泡：
将EVA料米准确称量后，倒入真空小发泡模具，升温发泡，发泡倍率为175％，发泡温度180℃，发泡结束，自动开模，立即取出发泡初胚；室温放置24小时，然后使用皮轮打粗，将发泡初胚的表皮(表面结晶导致的致密层)去除。
f)二次发泡定型：
将发泡初胚放入发泡倍率160％的油压模具，发泡初胚温度是室温，合模，推入二次发泡成型机的加热站位，加压、升温，温度180℃，时间280秒,然后将油压模具转移至冷却站位，加压、淋水冷却模具，淋水冷却模具的水温不高于5℃，定型时间280秒，拉出模具，取出成品，即得到发泡鞋底。
对比例2
一种二次模压发泡材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
a)制备EVA料米：
将EVA 7470M 25份(质量份，下同)、EVA 40W 39份、EPDM 15份、发泡剂AC 2.0份、交联剂BIBP 1.1份、硬脂酸锌1.5份、氧化锌1.0份、硬脂酸1.3份、滑石粉7份混合密炼，调整密炼温度为96℃，保持6min，然后翻料2次，继续密炼升温，出料温度为106℃，密炼结束后进行开炼、挤出造粒，得到EVA料米；
b)发泡：
将EVA料米准确称量后，倒入真空小发泡模具，升温发泡，发泡倍率为175％，发泡温度180℃，发泡结束，自动开模，立即取出发泡初胚；室温放置24小时，然后使用皮轮打粗，将发泡初胚的表皮(表面结晶导致的致密层)去除。
c)二次发泡定型：
将发泡初胚放入发泡倍率160％的油压模具，发泡初胚温度是室温，合模，推入二次发泡成型机的加热站位，加压、升温，温度180℃，时间280秒,然后将油压模具转移至冷却站位，加压、淋水冷却模具，淋水冷却模具的水温不高于5℃，定型时间280秒，拉出模具，取出成品，即得到发泡鞋底。
将本发明实施例1-3的一种二次模压发泡鞋底制备方法制得的产品与对比例1-2所得的发泡鞋底进行材料物性试验、生产时间进行对比，其中，硬度采用GS-701N硬度计测试，回弹率测试采用GT-7042-RE型冲击弹性试验机，尺寸收缩率按照70度40分钟测试，试验对比结果如下表1所示：
Figure PCTCN2021099284-appb-000004
表1
实施例1和对比例1的所采用的原材料相同，但是制备方法不同；对比例1采用现有工艺制备低结晶率发泡鞋底，其发泡初胚放置时间大于24小时、二次发泡时间是280秒左右，发泡储配存放空间大，还需打粗工序；本实施例1节省了放置、打粗工序工序，且二次发泡时间为55秒左右，大大缩小了生产成本，同时在降低生产成本的同时也保证了鞋底的物性，特别适用于生产具有高弹、低硬度、亲肤、舒适等特性的发泡材料。
实施例2与实施例1所采用的原材料组分不同，证明本申请的制备方法还适用于其他发泡鞋底。
实施例3与实施例1、实施例2所采用的原材料、制备方法均不同，实施例3中增加了烘箱定型工序，使发泡初胚在恒温箱里先收缩，后在放入模具，尺寸更稳定，解决了低结晶率发泡材料含量越高、尺寸越不稳定的局限，使用范围更广。
对比例2与实施例1、实施例2、实施例3原材料、制备方法均不相同，对比例2采用的是现有的高弹低硬度组分、现有的工艺，所需的生产时间也远远大于本申请的实施例。
以上所记载，仅为利用本创作技术内容的实施例，任何熟悉本项技艺者运用本创作所做的修饰、变化，皆属本创作主张的专利范围，而不限于实施例所揭示者。
工业实用性
本发明公开了一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法，包括：a)制备EVA料米；b)将步骤a)得到的EVA料米模压发泡，第一次发泡倍率为140％-185％，发泡温度172℃-182℃，发泡结束，自动开模，得到表面温度不低于130℃发泡初胚；c)将表面温度不低于130℃的发泡初胚放入油压模具，合模，推入二次发泡成型机的加热站位，加压、升温，油压模具倍率为135％-180％，温度170℃-180℃，时间20秒-100秒,然后将油压模具转移至冷却站位，加压、淋水冷却模具，定型时间150秒-400秒，拉出模具，取出成品，得到发泡鞋底；所述第一次发泡倍率大于所述油压模具发泡倍率；本申请的制备方法在初次发泡后，立即转移至油压模具，油压升温发泡时间缩短，减少能源消耗，压花纹较容易,具有工业实用性。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    a)制备EVA料米；
    b)将步骤a)得到的EVA料米模压发泡，第一次发泡倍率为140％-185％，发泡温度172℃-182℃，发泡结束，得到表面温度不低于130℃发泡初胚；
    c)将表面温度不低于130℃的发泡初胚放入油压模具，合模，加压、升温，油压模具倍率为135％-180％，温度170℃-180℃，时间20秒-100秒,然后将油压模具转移至冷却站位，加压、淋水冷却模具，定型时间150秒-400秒，取出成品，得到发泡鞋底；
    所述第一次发泡倍率大于所述油压模具发泡倍率。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法，其特征在于，还包括步骤d),所述步骤d)位于步骤b)与步骤c)之间，所述步骤d)的具体方法为：
    将步骤b)得到的表面温度不低于130℃的发泡初胚放入定型烘箱，定型烘箱内的温度不低于130℃，时间5min-12min，取出发泡初胚。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法，其特征在于，
    所述a)制备EVA料米的具体方法为：
    将发泡原材料混合密炼，调整密炼温度为95℃-98℃，保持4min-6min，然后翻料1-3次，继续密炼升温，出料温度为105℃-107℃，密炼结束后进行开炼、挤出造粒，得到EVA料米。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法，其特征在于，所述EVA料米模压发泡是采用以下模压发泡工艺中的任意一种：
    第一种：将EVA料米倒入真空小发泡模具，升温，模内发泡；
    第二种：将EVA料米倒入吸料桶，自动吸料、射出，模内发泡。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法，其特征在于，所述发泡原材料为低结晶率发泡原材料，所述低结晶率发泡材料指的是，EVA中的VA含量大于26％、不使用聚烯烃材料且非结晶性聚合物材料占比质量分数不低于24％。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的发泡原材料及质量份为：
    Figure PCTCN2021099284-appb-100001
  7. 根据权利要求3或6所述的一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法，其特征 在于，所述发泡原材料及质量份为：
    Figure PCTCN2021099284-appb-100002
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法，其特征在于，
    所述再生EVA的制备方法为：将生产EVA鞋底过程中产生的料头、次品、废品、边角料、废弃光伏电池封装EVA胶膜放入破碎机破碎，再经密炼制备而成。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法，其特征在于，所述增塑软木粉是将软木粉与甘油、甲酰胺复合而成的增塑软木粉。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法，其特征在于，所述改性淀粉制备方法包括以下步骤：
    1)将玉米淀粉称重置于反应釜中，在搅拌条件下，加入蒸馏水，配 制成质量比为40％淀粉乳，加入占淀粉的质量分数为3％固体氯化钠，升温到50℃，以0.5mol/L的NaOH溶液调节至pH值11.0，加入占淀粉的质量分数为2％的六偏磷酸钠固体，反应过程保持pH不变，反应时间4h；
    2)以0.5mol/L的HCl溶液调节至pH值为8.5，逐滴加入占淀粉质量分数为7.5％的乙酸酐，滴加过程中，不断以0.5mol/L NaOH溶液中和反应体系，使体系保持pH值不变，滴加乙酸酐结束后继续反应3.0h；
    3)反应结束后，以0.5mol/L HCl溶液调节pH至中性，抽滤，用蒸馏水洗涤3次，烘干、粉碎，得乙酰化淀粉成品；
    4)称取500g的乙酰化淀粉成品，控制水分在8％以下，放置在容器中，加入甘油和甲酰胺复合增塑剂，粗略搅拌后转入高速搅拌搅机中搅拌均匀，装入密闭容器中放置24h后，得改性淀粉成品。
  11. 根据权利要求1或6所述的一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤c)的具体步骤为：
    将发泡初胚放入油压模具，发泡初胚温度不低于130℃，合模，推入二次发泡成型机的加热站位，加压、升温，温度173℃-177℃，时间40秒-70秒,然后将油压模具转移至冷却站位，加压、淋水冷却模具，淋水冷却模具的水温不高于5℃，定型时间220秒-300秒，拉出模具，取出成品，即得到发泡鞋底。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的一种二次模压发泡鞋底的制备方法，其特征在于，所述油压模具为油压铁模具。
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