WO2021128476A1 - 一种大型喷灌机植保*** - Google Patents

一种大型喷灌机植保*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021128476A1
WO2021128476A1 PCT/CN2020/070792 CN2020070792W WO2021128476A1 WO 2021128476 A1 WO2021128476 A1 WO 2021128476A1 CN 2020070792 W CN2020070792 W CN 2020070792W WO 2021128476 A1 WO2021128476 A1 WO 2021128476A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fixedly connected
steel cable
medicine
plant protection
protection system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/070792
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马骏
汪奇
杨品磊
Original Assignee
马骏
安徽艾瑞德农业装备股份有限公司
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Application filed by 马骏, 安徽艾瑞德农业装备股份有限公司 filed Critical 马骏
Publication of WO2021128476A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021128476A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0025—Mechanical sprayers
    • A01M7/0032—Pressure sprayers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
    • A01C23/007—Metering or regulating systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
    • A01C23/008—Tanks, chassis or related parts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0082—Undercarriages, frames, mountings, couplings, tanks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0089—Regulating or controlling systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of large-scale sprinkler irrigation machines, in particular to a large-scale sprinkler irrigation machine plant protection system.
  • Irrigation machinery includes pointer type (central pivot type), translation type, twist (reel) disc type, rotary wing type, roll type and other mechanical irrigation equipment.
  • the irrigation machinery in this patent specifically refers to pointer type (central pivot type) and translational irrigation equipment.
  • Large-scale sprinkler irrigation equipment has the advantages of high irrigation efficiency and water conservation, and is especially suitable for large-scale agricultural planting. With the development of the level of productivity, the degree of intensification of agricultural production continues to increase, and the scope of application of large-scale sprinkler irrigation equipment has become increasingly widespread.
  • the prior art has disclosed a variety of models such as translational sprinkler irrigation machines, circular sprinkler irrigation machines, etc. These models generally have walking devices, towers and spans. The spans are provided with main water pipes through the water supply device. Provide water source, and connect the sprinkler pipe to the sprinkler irrigation main water pipe to realize irrigation.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a large-scale sprinkler irrigation machine plant protection system to solve the problem that the prior art sprinkler irrigation machine proposed in the background art can only achieve irrigation operations, and needs to install another set of equipment when performing plant protection operations on crops. .
  • the present invention adopts the following technical means: a large-scale sprinkler irrigation machine plant protection system, the sprinkler irrigation machine includes a support frame and a span, the support frame includes a tower, a center point/center car, and the plant protection The system is set on the straddle, and the plant protection system includes a driving component, a transportation track and a mobile platform;
  • the transportation track is erected on the span
  • the driving component is connected with the mobile platform and drives the mobile platform to move.
  • the transportation track is a T-shaped guide rail
  • the driving part includes a motor frame and a DC hub motor
  • Both ends of the T-shaped guide rail are fixed on the tower;
  • the motor frame is slidably arranged under the T-shaped guide rail, and the lower end of the motor frame is fixedly connected with the mobile platform;
  • the DC hub motor is symmetrically arranged inside the motor frame, and the extension end of the DC hub motor is fixedly connected to the motor frame, and the DC hub motor is rollingly connected to the surface of the T-shaped guide rail.
  • the transportation track is a steel cable
  • the steel cable is erected on the span by an anti-derailment tug
  • the driving component is connected with the steel cable and drives the steel cable to move;
  • the mobile platform is fixedly connected with the steel cable and moves synchronously with the steel cable, and the mobile platform is fixedly connected with the steel cable through a rope holding device.
  • the steel cable is arranged horizontally and forms a closed loop.
  • the steel cable is vertically arranged and forms a closed loop.
  • the driving component includes a main driving wheel and a slave driving wheel;
  • the main driving wheel is fixedly connected to any supporting frame body through the main driving wheel bracket;
  • the slave drive wheel is fixedly connected to another support frame body other than the aforementioned support frame through the slave drive wheel bracket;
  • the main drive wheel is also connected with a reduction motor, the reduction motor is fixed on the tower, the extension end of the reduction motor is connected with a reducer, and the end of the reducer is connected with a telescopic universal joint.
  • One end of the telescopic universal joint is connected with the reducer, and the other end is connected with the main driving wheel to drive the main driving wheel to rotate.
  • the anti-derailment tug frame includes a C-shaped plate, rollers and a connecting frame;
  • the opening of the C-shaped plate is provided with a limiting plate protruding inward, the C-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the span by the connecting frame, and the steel cable is passed through the C-shaped plate;
  • the roller includes two vertical rollers and two horizontal rollers.
  • the upper end of the vertical roller is rotatably connected with the limiting plate, and the lower end is rotatably connected with the C-shaped plate.
  • the horizontal roller is arranged in the C-shaped plate for horizontal rotation.
  • the mobile platform includes
  • a housing, one end of the rope holding device is fixedly connected with the steel cable, and the other end is fixedly connected with the housing;
  • a medicine box the medicine box is arranged in the shell;
  • a spray rod which is arranged under the medicine box
  • a medicine application pump one end of the medicine application pump is connected with the medicine box, and the other end is connected with the medicine application rod through a pipeline;
  • the mobile platform also includes a height adjustment component, and the height adjustment component includes
  • Lifting guide rail which is fixed to the lower end of the housing and used to adjust the height of the spray rod
  • a sliding plate the sliding plate is slidably connected with the lifting rail, the application rod is horizontally arranged on the sliding plate, and the sliding plate is fixedly connected with a screw nut;
  • Lifting motor the lifting motor is arranged in the housing;
  • Screw rod one end of the screw rod is fixedly connected with the extension end of the lifting motor, and the other end passes through the screw nut and is threadedly connected with the screw nut.
  • the mobile platform further includes an angle adjustment component, and the angle adjustment component includes
  • the gyroscope, the gyroscope is arranged on the application rod;
  • the lower end of the electric push rod is hinged with the sliding plate
  • the upper end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected with the middle part of the application rod
  • the end of the application rod is hinged with the sliding plate
  • the gyroscope and the electric push rod Electrical connection used to adjust the angle of the applicator rod.
  • the top of the medicine box is provided with a butt joint pipe, which has a horn shape and is connected to a medicine supply system.
  • the medicine supply system includes a medicine supply box, the medicine supply box and the tower
  • the rack is fixedly connected and moves synchronously with the tower.
  • the medicine supply box is externally connected with a medicine supply pump and a medicine supply pipe.
  • the medicine supply pipe is connected to the medicine supply box through the medicine supply pump, and the end of the medicine supply pipe is fixed at On the tower, the medicine supply pipe and the butt joint pipe are matched and connected.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: assembling the transportation track and the mobile platform on the tower, the spraying equipment can be installed in the mobile platform to spray pesticides on the crops, and it can also spray fertilizer, spread fertilizer, sowing and control the crops. For observation and monitoring of growth and pests and diseases, you only need to install different modules on the movable platform.
  • FIG 1 is the T-rail connection diagram of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of C in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a connection diagram of the horizontal arrangement of steel cables in the translational sprinkler irrigation machine according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of part A in Fig. 3;
  • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of B in Figure 3;
  • Fig. 6 is a connection relation diagram of the horizontally arranged steel cables in the central pivot sprinkler irrigation machine according to the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a diagram of the vertical connection of the steel cable according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile platform according to the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a structural diagram of the anti-derailment tug frame according to the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a diagram of the connection relationship between the screw and nut of the present invention.
  • the sprinkler irrigation machine usually includes a translational sprinkler irrigation machine and a central pivot sprinkler irrigation machine, both of which include a support frame and a span 2.
  • the support frame includes a tower Frame 1, center point/center car, the transportation system is set on the straddle 2, and the transportation system includes a driving component, a transportation track, and a mobile platform 4;
  • the transportation track is erected on the straddle 2;
  • the driving component is connected with the mobile platform 4 and drives the mobile platform 6 to move.
  • a transportation track is set between the towers 1, and the mobile platform 6 is driven by the drive components to drive the mobile platform 6 to move on the transportation track.
  • Various working modules can be assembled on the mobile platform 6, such as pesticide spraying, Sowing, crop monitoring, etc., complete the corresponding work.
  • the transportation track may be a T-shaped guide rail 8, and the driving part includes a motor frame 83 and a DC hub motor 81;
  • the two ends of the T-shaped guide rail 83 are fixed on the tower 1; the T-shaped guide rail 83 is formed by splicing multiple sections, which can be replaced and partially repaired.
  • the motor frame 83 is slidably arranged under the T-shaped guide rail 8, and the lower end of the motor frame 83 is fixedly connected with the mobile platform 6;
  • the DC hub motor 81 is symmetrically arranged inside the motor frame 83, and the extension end of the DC hub motor 81 is fixedly connected to the motor frame 83, and the DC hub motor 81 is connected to the surface of the T-shaped guide rail 8 in rolling connection.
  • the electric frame 83 is straddled on the T-shaped guide rail 8 through the DC hub motor 81. After the DC hub motor 81 is started, the motor frame 83 is driven to reciprocate on the T-shaped guide rail 8, and the mobile platform 6 is driven to move.
  • the transportation track may be a steel cable 3
  • the steel cable 3 is erected on the span 2 by the anti-derailment tug 5;
  • the driving component is connected with the steel cable 3 and drives the steel cable 3 to move;
  • the mobile platform 6 is fixedly connected to the steel cable 3 and moves synchronously with the steel cable 3, and the mobile platform 6 is fixedly connected to the steel cable 3 through a rope holding device 61.
  • the steel cable is arranged vertically and forms a closed loop for reciprocating or cyclic operation.
  • the anti-derailment tug frame 5 includes a C-shaped plate 51, a roller 54 and a connecting frame 55;
  • the opening of the C-shaped plate 51 is provided with a limiting plate 53 protruding inward, the C-shaped plate 51 is fixedly connected to the span 2 through the connecting frame 55, and the steel cable 3 is passed through the C-shaped plate 51;
  • the roller 54 includes two vertical rollers and two horizontal rollers.
  • the upper end of the vertical roller is rotatably connected with the limit plate 53, and the lower end is rotatably connected with the C-shaped plate 51.
  • the horizontal roller is arranged on the C-shaped plate for horizontal rotation.
  • the moving speed of the tower 1 will not always be the same.
  • the span 2 may be misaligned, causing the steel cable 3 to not be in the same straight line and pass through the C type
  • the arrangement of the plate 51 even if the span 2 is misaligned and the steel cable 3 is deflected during the movement, the cable holder and the steel cable 3 can still be confined inside the C-shaped plate, effectively avoiding the derailment of the steel cable 3 Danger.
  • the driving component includes a main driving wheel 71 and a slave driving wheel 78;
  • the main driving wheel 71 is fixedly connected to any support frame through the main driving wheel bracket 73;
  • the slave driving wheel 78 is fixedly connected to another support frame body except the above-mentioned support frame through the slave driving wheel bracket 77;
  • the main drive wheel 71 is also connected to a reduction motor 75, the reduction motor 75 is fixed on the tower 1, the extension end of the reduction motor 75 is connected with a reducer 76, and the end of the reducer 76 is connected with a retractable A universal joint 74, one end of the telescopic universal joint 74 is connected with the reducer 76, and the other end is connected with the main driving wheel 71.
  • the steel cable 3 is wound between the main driving wheel 71 and the slave driving wheel 78.
  • the steel cable 3 is in a relaxed state when the connection is not completed.
  • the retractable universal joint 74 can be automatically adjusted according to the position of the main driving wheel 71, and will not interfere with the position of the main driving wheel 71.
  • the mobile platform 6 may include
  • a housing 63, one end of the rope gripper 61 is fixedly connected to the steel cable 3, and the other end is fixedly connected to the housing 63;
  • a medicine box 67, the medicine box 67 is arranged in the housing 63;
  • a spray rod 614 which is arranged under the medicine box 67;
  • a drug application pump 66 one end of the drug application pump 66 is connected to the medicine box 67, and the other end is connected to the drug application rod 614 through a pipeline.
  • the mobile platform 6 also includes a height adjustment component, and the height adjustment component includes
  • Lifting guide rail 68, said lifting guide rail 68 is fixed to the bottom end of the housing 63 for adjusting the height of the spray rod;
  • a sliding plate 610 the sliding plate 610 is slidably connected to the lifting rail 68, the application rod 614 is horizontally arranged on the sliding plate 610, and a screw nut 617 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate;
  • the lifting motor 4 is arranged in the housing 63;
  • the screw rod 69, one end of the screw rod 69 is fixedly connected with the extension end of the lifting motor 4, and the other end passes through the screw nut 617 and is threadedly connected with the screw nut 617.
  • the application height of the application rod 614 is different.
  • the height of the application rod 614 should be adjusted.
  • the screw rod 69 is driven to rotate and is threadedly connected with the sliding plate 610.
  • the screw rod 69 rotates, it will drive the sliding plate 610 to move up and down, and at the same time adjust the distance between the application rod 614 and the ground.
  • the mobile platform 6 also includes an angle adjustment component, and the angle adjustment component includes
  • a gyroscope 613, the gyroscope 613 is arranged on the application rod 64;
  • Electric push rod 611 the lower end of the electric push rod 611 is hinged with the sliding plate 610, the upper end of the electric push rod 611 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the application rod 614, and the end of the application rod 614 is hinged with the sliding plate 610, so
  • the gyroscope 613 is electrically connected to the electric push rod 611 for adjusting the angle of the application rod 614.
  • the applicator rod 614 is always in a horizontal state.
  • the applicator rod 614 cannot be kept parallel to the ground, which will affect the spraying area of the medicine.
  • the meter 613 measures the distance between the application rod 614 and the ground at all times to control the work of the electric push rod 611.
  • the electric push rod 611 pushes the application rod 614 to rotate to ensure that the application rod 614 and the ground are always parallel to each other.
  • the working state ensures the spraying area of the medicine.
  • the top of the medicine box 65 is provided with a butting pipe 615.
  • the butting pipe 615 is in the shape of a horn and is connected to a medicine supply system.
  • the medicine supply system includes a medicine supply box 616, and the medicine supply box 616 is fixed to the tower 1 Connected to and move synchronously with the tower 1, the medicine supply box 616 is externally connected with a medicine supply pump and a medicine supply pipe, the medicine supply pipe is connected to the medicine supply box 616 through the medicine supply pump, and the end of the medicine supply pipe is fixed On the tower 1, the medicine supply pipe and the docking pipe 615 are matched and connected.
  • the amount of medicine loaded each time is limited by the volume.
  • the medicine supply box 616 When the mobile platform 6 moves to the dressing position, the nozzle of the medicine supply tube will be inserted Inside the docking pipe 615, the medicine supply pump replenishes the medicine tank 65, which increases the pesticide life time.
  • the difference from the second embodiment above is that the steel cables are horizontally arranged on the tower 1.
  • the horizontal frame of steel cable 3 is set horizontally and forms a closed loop for reciprocating or circulating operation.
  • Mobile platforms 6 can be installed on the left and right sides of the tower 1 to improve the efficiency of spraying; when a central pivot sprinkler is used During operation, in order to ensure uniform application of pesticides, multiple mobile platforms 6 are installed at locations far from the center of rotation, and the number of mobile platforms 6 is increased to meet the demand for spraying.
  • the mobile platform adopts a modular design, which can be equipped with spraying system, fertilizer spreading system, seeding system, monitoring system, etc. according to different needs to achieve different functions. Therefore, any of the above functions can be realized, connected with steel cables and used in sprinkler irrigation machinery
  • the various systems running between towers and spans are a manifestation of mobile platforms.
  • the spraying system as an embodiment of the present invention includes two parts: spraying and electrical.
  • the electrical part is composed of battery pack, spray pump, lifting motor, GPS, solenoid valve, and wireless transceiver module.
  • the battery pack adopts a rechargeable battery pack, and the mobile platform can automatically sense the remaining power. When the power of the battery pack is not enough to drive the electrical part for one round trip operation, the mobile platform will automatically stop near the driving wheel or the roundabout wheel. At this time, the battery pack can be replaced manually or automatically.
  • the operation of the irrigation machinery can be automatically stopped when the battery pack is replaced.
  • the medicine supply box 616 is installed on the top of the mobile platform housing with a butt pipe.
  • the butt pipe is horn-shaped and is connected to the medicine supply system.
  • Its built-in liquid level sensing device can calculate whether the remaining liquid volume meets the needs of a round-trip spray. , If it senses that the liquid level is insufficient, it can stop automatically when the mobile platform approaches a fixed position of the drive wheel or the tower to automatically fill up the medicine in the medicine box. At the same time, it can automatically stop the operation of the irrigation machinery when refilling to ensure the uniformity of spraying.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

一种大型喷灌机植保***，包括塔架（1）和跨体（2），运输***设于跨体上，运输***包括驱动部件、运输轨道和移动平台（4，6）；运输轨道架设于跨体上；驱动部件与移动平台连接，并驱动移动平台移动。本***在给农作物喷药或施肥时不需要安装另外一套设备。

Description

一种大型喷灌机植保*** 技术领域
本发明涉及大型喷灌机领域，具体为一种大型喷灌机植保***。
背景技术
灌溉机械包含指针式(中心支轴式)、平移式、绞(卷)盘式、旋翼式、滚移式等机械式灌溉设备。本专利中灌溉机械特指的是指针式(中心支轴式)、平移式灌溉设备。大型喷灌设备具有灌溉效率高、节约水资源等优势，尤其适用于大规模的农业种植。随着生产力水平的发展，农业生产集约化程度不断提高，大型喷灌设备应用范围日益广泛。现有技术已经公开了平移式喷灌机、圆形喷灌机等多种机型，这些机型一般带有行走装置、塔架和跨体，跨体上设置有主水管，通过供水装置为主水管提供水源，喷灌主水管上连接喷淋管实现灌溉。
然而，现有的灌溉机械由于运行速度较低且通常无法实现同步匀速运行。因此很难在设备上满足植保(喷药、喷肥、除草、杀虫、撒种、长势监控)等要求。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种大型喷灌机植保***，以解决上述背景技术中提出的现有技术的喷灌机只能实现灌溉作业，在给农作物进行植保作业时，则需要安装另外一套设备的问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术手段：一种大型喷灌机植保***，所述喷灌机包括支撑架体和跨体，所述支撑架体包括塔架、中心点/中心车，所述植保***设于跨体上，所述植保***包括驱动部件、运输轨道和移动平台；
所述运输轨道架设于跨体上；
所述驱动部件与移动平台连接，并驱动移动平台移动。
作为本发明的一个实施例，所述运输轨道为T型导轨，所述驱动部包括电机架、直流轮毂电机；
所述T型导轨的两端固定在塔架上；
所述电机架滑动设于T型导轨下方，且电机架下端与移动平台固定连接；
所述直流轮毂电机对称设于电机架内部，且直流轮毂电机的伸出端与电机架固定连接，所述直流轮毂电机与T型导轨表面滚动连接。
作为本发明的一个实施例，所述运输轨道为钢缆，
所述钢缆通过防脱轨拖轮架设于跨体上；
所述驱动部件与钢缆连接，并驱动钢缆移动；
所述移动平台与所述钢缆固定连接，随钢缆发生同步移动，所述移动平台通过抱索器与钢缆固定连接。
作为本发明的一个实施例，所述钢缆水平设置且形成一个闭环。
作为本发明的一个实施例，所述钢缆竖直设置且形成一个闭环。
作为本发明的一个实施例，所述驱动部件包括主驱动轮和从驱动轮；
所述主驱动轮通过主驱动轮托架与任意支撑架体固定连接；
所述从驱动轮通过从驱动轮托架与另一除上述支撑架体外的任意支撑架体固定连接；
所述主驱动轮还连接有减速电机，所述减速电机固定于塔架上，所述减速电机伸出端连接有减速机，所述减速机端部连接有可伸缩万向节，所述可伸缩万向节一端与减速机连接，另一端与所述主驱动轮连接，带动主驱动轮转动。
作为本发明的一个实施例，所述防脱轨拖轮架包括C型板，滚轮和连接架；
所述C型板开口部向内凸设有限位板，所述C型板通过所述连接架与跨体固定连接，所述钢缆穿设于C型板内；
所述滚轮包括两个竖直滚轮和两个水平滚轮，所述竖直滚轮上端与限位板转动连接，下端与C型板转动连接，所述水平滚轮水平转动设置于C型板内。
作为本发明的一个实施例，所述移动平台包括
壳体，所述抱索器一端与钢缆固定连接，另一端与壳体固定连接；
药箱，所述药箱设于壳体内；
施药杆，所述施药杆设于药箱下方；
施药泵，所述施药泵一端与所述药箱连接，另一端通过管路与施药杆连接；
所述移动平台还包括高度调节组件，所述高度调节组件包括
升降导轨，所述升降导轨固定于壳体下端，用于调节喷药杆高度；
滑动板，所述滑动板与升降导轨滑动连接，所述施药杆水平设于滑动板上，所述滑动板上固定连接有丝杆螺母；
升降电机，所述升降电机设于壳体内；
丝杆，所述丝杆一端与升降电机伸出端固定连接，另一端穿过丝杆螺母并与丝杆螺母螺纹连接。
作为本发明的一个实施例，所述移动平台还包括角度调节组件，所述角度调节组件包括
陀螺仪，所述陀螺仪设置在施药杆上；
电动推杆，所述电动推杆的下端与滑动板铰接，所述电动推杆上端与施药杆中部固定连接，所述施药杆端部与滑动板铰接，所述陀螺仪与电动推杆电性连接，用于调节施药杆的角度。
作为本发明的一个实施例，所述药箱顶部设有对接管，该对接管呈喇叭状，并且与供药***配合连接，所述供药***包括供药箱，所述供药箱与塔架固定连接并随塔架同步移动，所述供药箱外接有供药泵和供药管，所述供药管通过所述供药泵与供药箱连接，且供药管端部固定在所述塔架上，所述供药管与对接管配合连接。
本发明的有益效果为：在塔架上装配运输轨道和移动平台，可以将喷药设备安装于移动平台内，对作物进行农药喷洒，并且还可进行喷肥、撒肥、播种并对农作物的生长情况以及病虫害情况进行观察监测等，只需将可移动平台选装不同的模块即可。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述的T型导轨连接图；
图2为图1中C处局部放大图；
图3为本发明所述的平移式喷灌机中钢缆水平设置的连接关系图；
图4为图3中A处局部放大图；
图5为图3中B处局部放大图；
图6为本发明所述的中心支轴式喷灌机中钢缆水平设置的连接关系图；
图7为本发明所述的钢缆竖直设置连接关系图；
图8为本发明所述的移动平台结构示意图；
图9为本发明所述的防脱轨拖轮架结构图；
图10为本发明丝杆螺母连接关系图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本发明。
如图1至图10所示，一种大型喷灌机植保***，喷灌机通常包括平移式喷灌机和中心支轴式喷灌机，均包括支撑架体和跨体2，所述支撑架体包括塔架1、中心点/中心车，所述运输***设于跨体2上，所述运输***包括驱动部件、运输轨道和移动平台4；
所述运输轨道架设于跨体2上；
所述驱动部件与移动平台4连接，并驱动移动平台6移动。
在塔架1之间设置了运输轨道，并通过驱动部件对移动平台6进行驱动，带动移动平台6在运输轨道上进行移动，可在移动平台6上装配上各种工作模块，例如农药喷洒、播种、农作物监控等，完成相应的工作。
实施例一
如图1、图2所示，所述运输轨道可以为T型导轨8，所述驱动部包括电机架83、直流轮毂电机81；
所述T型导轨83的两端固定在塔架1上；T型导轨83是由多段拼接成，可进行更换和局部的维修。
所述电机架83滑动设于T型导轨8下方，且电机架83下端与移动平台6固定连接；
所述直流轮毂电机81对称设于电机架83内部，且直流轮毂电机81的伸出端与电机架83固定连接，所述直流轮毂电机81与T型导轨8表面滚动连接。
电机架83通过直流轮毂电机81跨设在T型导轨8上，启动直流轮毂电机81后，带动电机架83在T型导轨8上发生往复运动，带动移动平台6发生移动。
实施例二如图7所示，所述运输轨道可以为钢缆3，
所述钢缆3通过防脱轨拖轮架5设于跨体2上；
所述驱动部件与钢缆3连接，并驱动钢缆3移动；
所述移动平台6与所述钢缆3固定连接，随钢缆3发生同步移动，所述移动平台6通过抱索器61与钢缆3固定连接。
所述钢缆竖直设置且形成一个闭环，进行往复或循环运行。
如图9所示，所述防脱轨拖轮架5包括C型板51，滚轮54和连接架55；
所述C型板51开口部向内凸设有限位板53，所述C型板51通过所述连接架55与跨体2固定连接，所述钢缆3穿设于C型板51内；
所述滚轮54包括两个竖直滚轮和两个水平滚轮，所述竖直滚轮上端与限位板53转动连接，下端与C型板51转动连接，所述水平滚轮水平转动设置于C型板51内。
当跨体2在移动的过程中，塔架1的移动速度不会时刻保持一致，在这种情况下，跨体2之间可能会发生错位，导致钢缆3不在同一直线上，通过C型板51的设置，即使跨体2发生错位，钢缆3在移动的过程中发生偏转，依然能够将抱索器和钢缆3限制在C型板内部，有效的避免了钢缆3发生脱轨的危险。
所述驱动部件包括主驱动轮71和从驱动轮78；
所述主驱动轮71通过主驱动轮托架73与任意支撑架体固定连接；
所述从驱动轮78通过从驱动轮托架77与另一除上述支撑架体外的任意支撑架体固定连接；
所述主驱动轮71还连接有减速电机75，所述减速电机75固定于塔架1上，所述减速电机75伸出端连接有减速机76，所述减速机76端部连接有可伸缩万向节74，所述可伸缩万向节74一端与减速机76连接，另一端与所述主驱动轮71连接。
钢缆3绕在主驱动轮71与从驱动轮78之间，钢缆3在未连接完成的时候处于松弛的状态，将钢缆3绕在主驱动轮71和从驱动轮78之间后，移动与主驱动轮71连接的主驱动轮托架73的位置，将钢缆3保持张紧的状态，并固定该主驱动轮托架73在塔架1上，通过可伸缩万向节74的连接，当主驱动轮71在进行位置移动的时候，可伸缩万向节74可根据主驱动轮71的位置上进行自动调节，不会对主驱动轮71的位置产生干涉。
如图8所示，所述移动平台6可以包括
壳体63，所述抱索器61一端与钢缆3固定连接，另一端与壳体63固定连接；
药箱67，所述药箱67设于壳体63内；
施药杆614，所述施药杆614设于药箱67下方；
施药泵66，所述施药泵66一端与所述药箱67连接，另一端通过管路与施药杆614连接。
所述移动平台6还包括高度调节组件，所述高度调节组件包括
升降导轨68，所述升降导轨68固定于壳体63底端，用于调节喷药杆高度；
滑动板610，所述滑动板610与升降导轨68滑动连接，所述施药杆614水平设于滑动板610上，所述滑动板上固定连接有丝杆螺母617；
升降电机4，所述升降电机4设于壳体63内；
丝杆69，所述丝杆69一端与升降电机4伸出端固定连接，另一端穿过丝杆螺母617并与丝杆螺母617螺纹连接。
在针对不同的作物，施药杆614的施药高度是不同的，要对施药杆614的高度进行调节，当升降电机64启动后，带动丝杆69发生转动，与滑动板610螺纹连接，丝杆69在转动的同时会带动滑动板610上下移动，同时调节施药杆614与地面的距离。
所述移动平台6还包括角度调节组件，所述角度调节组件包括
陀螺仪613，所述陀螺仪613设置在施药杆64上；
电动推杆611，所述电动推杆611的下端与滑动板610铰接，所述电动推杆611上端与施药杆614中部固定连接，所述施药杆614端部与滑动板610铰接，所述陀螺仪613与电动推杆611电性连接，用于调节施药杆614的角度。
因为移动平台6是悬挂在钢缆3上，因此施药杆614始终处于水平的状态，当喷灌机经过斜坡的时候，施药杆614无法与地面保持平行，会影响药物的喷洒面积，通过陀螺仪613时刻对施药杆614与地面的距离进行测量，来控制电动推杆611的工作，由电动推杆611推动施药杆614发生转动，以保证施药杆614与地面始终保持相互平行的工作状态，保证了药物的喷洒面积。
所述药箱65顶部设有对接管615，该对接管615呈喇叭状，并且与供药系 统配合连接，所述供药***包括供药箱616，所述供药箱616与塔架1固定连接并随塔架1同步移动，所述供药箱616外接有供药泵和供药管，所述供药管通过所述供药泵与供药箱616连接，且供药管端部固定在所述塔架1上，所述供药管与对接管615配合连接。
移动平台6内的药箱65因为体积有限，每次装载的药量受到体积限制，通过供药箱616的设置，当移动平台6移动至换药位置的时候，供药管的管口会***到对接管615内部，供药泵对药箱65进行药液补充，增长了农药续航时间。
实施例三
如图3至图6所示，与上述实施例二不同的是，钢缆水平设置于塔架1上。
将钢缆3水平架水平设置且形成一个闭环，进行往复或循环运行，可在塔架1的左右两侧均装有移动平台6，提高了喷药的效率；当采用中心支轴式喷灌机进行作业时，为了保证施加农药均匀，在远离转动中心点的位置装设多个移动平台6，通过增加移动平台6的数量，满足喷药的需求。
移动平台采用模块化设计，可以根据不同的需要搭载喷药***、撒肥***、撒种***、监测***等以实现不同的功能，因此能实现以上任意功能的，与钢索相连并在喷灌机械塔架及跨体间运行的各种***均为移动平台的一种表现形式。喷药***作为本发明的一个实施例包括喷药和电气两部分组成。
电气部分由蓄电池组、喷药泵、升降电机、GPS、电磁阀、无线收发模块组成。蓄电池组采用可充电电池组，移动平台可以自动感应剩余的电量。当蓄电池组的电量不足以驱动电气部分进行往返一次的作业时，移动平台将自动停止在主动轮或迂回轮附近。此时可以手动或自动更换蓄电池组。
同时在更换蓄电池组的时候能够自动停止灌溉机械的运行。
供药箱616安装在移动平台壳体内部顶部设有对接管，该对接管呈喇叭状，并且与供药***配合连接，其内置液位感应装置可以计算剩余液量是否满足往返一次喷洒的需要，如果感应到液位不足则其能够在移动平台接近驱动轮或塔架某一固定位置时停下自动将药箱内药业补满。同时在补液的时候能够自动停止灌溉机械的运行以保证喷药的均匀度。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点,对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本 发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种大型喷灌机植保***，所述喷灌机包括支撑架体和跨体，所述支撑架体包括塔架、中心点/中心车，其特征在于，所述植保***设于跨体上，所述运输***包括驱动部件、运输轨道和移动平台；
    所述运输轨道架设于跨体上；
    所述驱动部件与移动平台连接，并驱动移动平台移动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的大型喷灌机植保***，其特征在于，所述运输轨道为T型导轨，所述驱动部包括电机架、直流轮毂电机；
    所述T型导轨的两端固定在塔架上；
    所述电机架滑动设于T型导轨下方，且电机架下端与移动平台固定连接；
    所述直流轮毂电机对称设于电机架内部，且直流轮毂电机的伸出端与电机架固定连接，所述直流轮毂电机与T型导轨表面滚动连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的大型喷灌机植保***，其特征在于，所述运输轨道为钢缆，
    所述钢缆通过防脱轨拖轮架设于跨体上；
    所述驱动部件与钢缆连接，并驱动钢缆移动；
    所述移动平台与所述钢缆固定连接，随钢缆发生同步移动，所述移动平台通过抱索器与钢缆固定连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的大型喷灌机植保***，其特征在于，所述钢缆水平设置且形成一个闭环。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的大型喷灌机植保***，其特征在于，所述钢缆竖直设置且形成一个闭环。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的大型喷灌机植保***，其特征在于，所述驱动部件包括主驱动轮和从驱动轮；
    所述主驱动轮通过主驱动轮托架与任意支撑架体固定连接；
    所述从驱动轮通过从驱动轮托架与另一除上述支撑架体外的任意支撑架体固定连接；
    所述主驱动轮还连接有减速电机，所述减速电机固定于塔架上，所述减速电 机伸出端连接有减速机，所述减速机端部连接有可伸缩万向节，所述可伸缩万向节一端与减速机连接，另一端与所述主驱动轮连接，带动主驱动轮发生转动。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的大型喷灌机植保***，其特征在于，所述防脱轨拖轮架包括C型板，滚轮和连接架；
    所述C型板开口部向内凸设有限位板，所述C型板通过所述连接架与跨体固定连接，所述钢缆穿设于C型板内；
    所述滚轮包括两个竖直滚轮和两个水平滚轮，所述竖直滚轮上端与限位板转动连接，下端与C型板转动连接，所述水平滚轮水平转动设置于C型板内。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的大型喷灌机植保***，其特征在于，所述移动平台包括
    壳体，所述抱索器一端与钢缆固定连接，另一端与壳体固定连接；
    药箱，所述药箱设于壳体内；
    施药杆，所述施药杆设于药箱下方；
    施药泵，所述施药泵一端与所述药箱连接，另一端通过管路与施药杆连接；
    所述移动平台还包括高度调节组件，所述高度调节组件包括
    升降导轨，所述升降导轨固定于壳体底端；
    滑动板，所述滑动板与升降导轨滑动连接，所述施药杆水平设于滑动板上，所述滑动板上固定连接有丝杆螺母；
    升降电机，所述升降电机设于壳体内；
    丝杆，所述丝杆一端与升降电机伸出端固定连接，另一端穿过丝杆螺母并与丝杆螺母螺纹连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的大型喷灌机植保***，其特征在于，所述移动平台还包括角度调节组件，所述角度调节组件包括
    陀螺仪，所述陀螺仪设置在施药杆上；
    电动推杆，所述电动推杆的下端与滑动板铰接，所述电动推杆上端与施药杆中部固定连接，所述施药杆端部与滑动板铰接，所述陀螺仪与电动推杆电性连接，用于调节施药杆的角度。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的大型喷灌机植保***，其特征在于，所述药箱顶部设有对接管，该对接管呈喇叭状，并且与供药***配合连接，所述供药***包 括供药箱，所述供药箱与塔架固定连接并随塔架同步移动，所述供药箱外接有供药泵和供药管，所述供药管通过所述供药泵与供药箱连接，且供药管端部固定在所述塔架上，所述供药管与对接管配合连接。
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