WO2019223221A1 - Method and apparatus for detecting and controlling wire temperature in non-consumable electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for detecting and controlling wire temperature in non-consumable electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing Download PDF

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WO2019223221A1
WO2019223221A1 PCT/CN2018/110520 CN2018110520W WO2019223221A1 WO 2019223221 A1 WO2019223221 A1 WO 2019223221A1 CN 2018110520 W CN2018110520 W CN 2018110520W WO 2019223221 A1 WO2019223221 A1 WO 2019223221A1
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temperature
wire
hot wire
additive manufacturing
hot
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PCT/CN2018/110520
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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冯曰海
刘思余
黄�俊
张德库
孙跃
鄂炫宇
汤荣华
陈琪
王克鸿
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南京理工大学
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
    • B23K9/133—Means for feeding electrodes, e.g. drums, rolls, motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of wire arc additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a wire temperature detection control device and method for non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing.
  • the non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing technology has higher stacking efficiency.
  • the process parameters that affect the stability of the hot-wire additive manufacturing process include welding current, stacking speed, wire feeding speed, and wire temperature.
  • the wire temperature has the greatest impact.
  • the change in wire temperature not only directly affects the stacking process.
  • the stability also affects the uniformity of the structural properties and the forming quality of the formed component. Therefore, monitoring the heating temperature of the wire in real time to keep it stable is an effective method to improve the stability of the stacking process.
  • thermocouple is used to detect the temperature of the wire. Due to the continuous feeding of the wire, the contact stability of the thermocouple and the wire is poor, which makes the measured temperature error of the wire large and the accuracy low.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wire temperature detection control device and method for non-non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing wire material temperature.
  • the invention relates to a wire material temperature detection and control device for non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing.
  • the temperature acquisition control device includes an infrared temperature sensor fixed on a non-melting electrode welding gun, and a hot wire temperature acquisition instrument and a hot wire temperature control instrument connected to the display.
  • the hot wire temperature acquisition instrument can convert the temperature signal collected by the infrared temperature sensor and display it on the display, and record it as T 1.
  • the difference between the temperature signal and the preset temperature T 0 is ⁇ T ′.
  • the hot wire temperature controller adjusts the hot wire current of the hot wire power supply to stabilize the hot wire temperature at the preset temperature.
  • non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing wire temperature detection control device Based on the above non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing wire temperature detection control device, a method for detecting non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing wire temperature is provided. The specific steps are controlled as follows:
  • the welding torch reaches the designated position and triggers the arc.
  • the welding power source sends a signal to the wire feeder, and the wire feeder starts to feed the wire.
  • the hot wire power source starts to supply power and the wire starts to heat;
  • the infrared temperature sensor obtains the temperature signal of the wire collection point, passes the temperature collector, and then transmits it to the display, displaying the collected temperature value T 1 and the temperature change curve;
  • the hot wire temperature controller sends a signal to the hot wire power supply to adjust the heating current in time to make the wire Material temperature stabilized at preset temperature;
  • the welding power supply sends a signal to the wire feeder, the wire feeder stops wire feeding, and then the hot wire power supply stops power supply, and displays the complete temperature change curve of a single stacking;
  • the difference ⁇ T between the collection temperature T 1 and the preset temperature T 0 is 5-50 ° C.
  • the infrared emitted by the infrared temperature sensor avoids non-melting arc
  • the temperature measurement point is located on the wire between the conductive tip and the welding molten pool
  • the distance between the temperature measuring point and the port of the conductive tip is 4-20mm.
  • the temperature control range of the wire of the temperature monitoring device is 100-1000 ° C.
  • the detection and control device of the present invention can detect the temperature of the wire material in the process of hot wire additive manufacturing by a non-contact infrared temperature measurement method, and the device structure is simple and the temperature detection Wide range, suitable for detecting the temperature of various wire materials.
  • the accuracy of the device is higher than that of the thermocouple detection method, the temperature error of the wire is smaller, and the stability of the additive manufacturing of non-melting electrode arc hot wire is improved to a certain extent; when the collected temperature deviates from the preset temperature, the device The heating current can be adjusted in time to effectively control the wire temperature at a preset temperature and ensure the stability of the additive manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wire temperature detecting device for plasma arc hot wire additive manufacturing of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of temperature detection according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a stacking path of a component prepared according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a physical diagram of a single-pass multilayer member of the TIG arc hot wire of the ER5356 aluminum alloy wire prepared by the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph I of collected data on the temperature of the wire material during the stacking process in Example 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a physical diagram of a single-layer multilayer member of a plasma arc hot wire of H08Mn2Si stainless steel wire prepared by the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram II of collected data of the wire temperature during the stacking process in Example 2.
  • 1 is a six-axis positioner
  • 2 is a workpiece
  • 3 is an infrared temperature sensor
  • 4 is a fixture I
  • 5 is a plasma welding gun
  • 6 is a hot wire temperature collector
  • 7 is a fixture II
  • 8 is a conductive tip
  • 9 is welding Power supply
  • 10 is the display
  • 11 is the hot wire temperature controller
  • 12 is the wire feeder
  • 13 is the hot wire power supply.
  • the invention relates to a wire material temperature detection and control device for non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing, which specifically includes: a temperature acquisition device, a hot wire device, a positioner and a control cabinet.
  • the temperature acquisition device includes an infrared temperature sensor 3 fixed on the non-melting electrode welding torch 5 through a clamp I4, a hot wire temperature acquisition device 6 and a hot wire temperature control device 11 connected to the display 10.
  • the temperature acquisition device uses a non-contact infrared temperature measurement method to measure the temperature of the wire.
  • the infrared emitted by the infrared temperature sensor 3 avoids the arc of the non-melting electrode.
  • the temperature collection point is located on the wire between the conductive tip and the welding pool.
  • the size of the difference ⁇ T ′ between T 0 and the collection temperature T 1 and the preset difference ⁇ T adjusts the heating current of the hot wire power supply in time to stabilize the wire temperature at the preset temperature.
  • the difference ⁇ T between the collection temperature T 1 and the preset temperature T 0 is 5-50 ° C.
  • the distance between the temperature measurement point and the 8 port of the conductive tip is 4-20 mm
  • the temperature measurement range is 100-1000 ° C.
  • the specific equipment models are as follows: MOTOMAN MH6 arc welding robot, DX100 control cabinet, plasma torch or argon arc welding torch, Fronius Magic Wave 3000 welding machine and CTVM-3L infrared temperature sensor.
  • the invention provides a method for detecting and controlling the temperature of a wire material for the additive manufacturing of non-melting electrode arc hot wire.
  • the schematic diagram of the stacking path of the components is shown in Figure 3, and the specific steps are:
  • the welding torch reaches the designated position and initiates the arc.
  • the welding power source 13 sends a signal to the wire feeder 12, the wire feeder 12 starts to feed the wire, and at the same time, the hot wire power source 13 starts to supply power, and the wire starts to heat;
  • the infrared temperature sensor 3 acquires the temperature signal of the wire collection point, passes through the temperature acquisition device 6, and then transmits it to the display 10 to display the collected temperature value T 1 and the temperature change curve;
  • the hot wire temperature controller 11 sends a signal to the hot wire power supply 13 to adjust the heating current in time so that Wire temperature stabilized at preset temperature;
  • the welding power source 9 sends a signal to the wire feeder 12, the wire feeder 12 stops the wire feeding, and then the hot wire power source 13 stops the power supply, and displays the complete temperature change curve of a single stacking;
  • the infrared radiation emitted by the infrared temperature sensor 3 avoids the TIG arc, and the temperature measurement point is positioned on the wire.
  • the temperature measurement point is 12 mm from the 8-port of the conductive nozzle, the preset temperature T 0 is 240 ° C, and the temperature change range ⁇ T 10 ° C.
  • the specific process parameters are 25A heating current, 100A stacking current, 40cm / min stacking speed, 4.0m / min wire feeding speed, 5mm distance from the nozzle to the workpiece, and 18L ⁇ min -1 of shielding gas flow.
  • Figure 4 shows the external appearance of the TIG arc hot wire single-layer multilayer component additive manufacturing component of the ER5356 aluminum alloy wire this time
  • Figure 5 shows the wire temperature collection data of this test. It can be seen from FIG. 4 that the additive component is well formed, and there are no defects such as discontinuities and pores. From the temperature curve shown in FIG. 5, it can be known that during the test, the collected wire temperature T 1 is stable at a preset value.
  • the temperature T 0 is 240 ° C, and the temperature change range ⁇ T is less than 10 ° C.
  • the invention provides a wire temperature detection and control method for non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing, which can perform the single-layer multilayer component additive manufacturing process of a plasma arc hot wire of a H08Mn2Si stainless steel wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm.
  • wire temperature detection the schematic diagram of the stacking path of the components is shown in Figure 3, and the specific steps are:
  • the welding torch reaches the designated position and initiates the arc.
  • the welding power source 13 sends a signal to the wire feeder 12, the wire feeder 12 starts to feed the wire, and at the same time, the hot wire power source 13 starts to supply power, and the wire starts to heat;
  • the infrared temperature sensor 3 acquires the temperature signal of the wire collection point, passes through the temperature acquisition device 6, and then transmits it to the display 10 to display the collected temperature value T 1 and the temperature change curve;
  • the hot wire temperature controller 11 sends a signal to the hot wire power supply 13 to adjust the heating current in time so that Wire temperature stabilized at preset temperature;
  • the welding power source 9 sends a signal to the wire feeder 12, the wire feeder 12 stops the wire feeding, and then the hot wire power source 13 stops the power supply, and displays the complete temperature change curve of a single stacking;
  • the infrared radiation emitted by the infrared temperature sensor 3 avoids the plasma arc, and the temperature measurement point is positioned on the wire.
  • the temperature measurement point is 8 mm from the 8 port of the conductive nozzle, and the preset temperature T 0 is 400 ° C.
  • the temperature variation range ⁇ T was 15 ° C.
  • the specific process parameters are heating current 65A, stacking current 150A, stacking speed 20cm / min, wire feeding speed 3.2m / min, distance from nozzle to workpiece 10mm, ion gas flow rate 1.0L ⁇ min -1 and protective gas flow rate 18L ⁇ min -1 .
  • Figure 6 shows the external appearance of the single-layer multilayer component additive manufacturing of the plasma arc hot wire of this H08Mn2Si stainless steel wire
  • Figure 7 shows the collected wire temperature data for this test. It can be seen from FIG. 6 that the additive component is well formed, and there are no defects such as discontinuities and pores. From the temperature curve given in FIG. 7, it can be known that during the test, the collected wire temperature T 1 is stable at a preset value.
  • the temperature T 0 is 400 ° C, and the temperature change range ⁇ T is less than 15 ° C.

Abstract

A method and apparatus for detecting and controlling a wire temperature in non-consumable electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing. The apparatus comprises a temperature collection and control apparatus, a hot wire power source (13) and a welding power source (9). The temperature collection and control apparatus comprises an infrared temperature sensor (3), a hot wire temperature collector (6), a hot wire temperature controller (11) and a display (10), wherein the infrared temperature sensor is fixed on a non-consumable electrode welding gun (5); the infrared temperature sensor is connected to the display by means of the hot wire temperature collector; and the hot wire temperature controller and the display are both connected to the hot wire power source. The method comprises: a hot wire temperature controller comparing the difference ΔT' between a pre-set temperature T0 and a collected temperature T1 with a pre-set difference value ΔT in a display; and adjusting a heating current of a hot wire power source in time to stabilize the heating temperature of a wire at a pre-set temperature. By means of the apparatus and method, the temperature stability of a wire in the plasma arc hot wire additive manufacturing process can be detected and controlled, thereby effectively improving the stability of the deposit welding process and the forming dimensional accuracy and quality of an additive component.

Description

[根据细则26改正21.12.2018]　一种非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造丝材温度检测控制方法及装置[Correction 21.12.2018 according to Rule 26] A method and device for detecting and controlling the temperature of a wire material in the manufacture of non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于丝材电弧增材制造领域，具体涉及一种非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造丝材温度检测控制装置及方法。The invention belongs to the field of wire arc additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a wire temperature detection control device and method for non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing.
背景技术Background technique
丝材电弧增材制造技术的原型可以追溯到20世纪初，美国人首次将电弧作为热源，以金属熔滴逐层沉积的方法，制造出“3D打印”的金属沉积件，但并未引起过多的关注。直至20世纪末，在资源节约和高效制造的背景下，由于该技术具有成形好、效率高、成本低等优点，越来越多的学者相继专注于其基础研究和应用开发。The prototype of wire arc additive manufacturing technology can be traced back to the beginning of the 20th century. For the first time, Americans used the electric arc as a heat source to deposit metal droplets layer by layer to produce "3D printed" metal deposits. More attention. Until the end of the 20th century, in the context of resource conservation and efficient manufacturing, due to the advantages of this technology, such as good formation, high efficiency, and low cost, more and more scholars have successively focused on its basic research and application development.
与传统的丝材电弧增材制造技术相比，非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造技术具有更高的堆敷效率，线能量相同时，单位时间能够熔化更多的添加丝材。影响热丝增材制造过程稳定性的工艺参数包括焊接电流、堆敷速度、送丝速度、丝材温度等，其中，丝材温度的影响最大，丝材温度的改变不仅直接影响堆敷过程的稳定性，还会影响成型构件的组织性能均匀性和成形质量。因此，实时监测丝材的加热温度使其保持稳定是提高堆敷过程稳定性的有效方法。Compared with the traditional wire arc additive manufacturing technology, the non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing technology has higher stacking efficiency. When the linear energy is the same, more added wires can be melted per unit time. The process parameters that affect the stability of the hot-wire additive manufacturing process include welding current, stacking speed, wire feeding speed, and wire temperature. Among them, the wire temperature has the greatest impact. The change in wire temperature not only directly affects the stacking process. The stability also affects the uniformity of the structural properties and the forming quality of the formed component. Therefore, monitoring the heating temperature of the wire in real time to keep it stable is an effective method to improve the stability of the stacking process.
目前，现有技术对非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造丝材温度检测的研究较少。中国专利(申请号200910071997.9)公开了一种预热焊丝的温控电阻套，通过电阻热、高频感应、辅助电弧对低电阻率焊丝加热，能够将丝材温度控制在一定范围，但是其结构复杂，温度监测范围小，不适于等离子弧增材制造。文献《铝合金高频感应热丝TIG焊接方法》(范成磊，梁迎春，杨春利，等.铝合金高频感应热丝TIG焊接方法[J].焊接学报，2006，27(7)：49-52.)采用热电偶对丝材温度进行检测，由于丝材的不断送进，导致热电偶与丝材接触稳定性较差，使测得的焊丝温度误差大、精度低。At present, there are few researches on the wire temperature detection of non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing wire in the prior art. Chinese patent (application number 200910071997.9) discloses a temperature-controlled resistance sleeve for preheating welding wire, which can control the wire temperature in a certain range through resistance heating, high frequency induction and auxiliary arc heating, but its structure Complicated and small temperature monitoring range, not suitable for plasma arc additive manufacturing. Literature "TIG welding method of high frequency induction hot wire for aluminum alloy" (Fan Chenglei, Liang Yingchun, Yang Chunli, etc .. TIG welding method of high frequency induction hot wire for aluminum alloy [J] .Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2006,27 (7): 49-52 .) The thermocouple is used to detect the temperature of the wire. Due to the continuous feeding of the wire, the contact stability of the thermocouple and the wire is poor, which makes the measured temperature error of the wire large and the accuracy low.
发明内容Summary of the Invention
本发明目的在于提供一种非非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造丝材温度检测控制装置及方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wire temperature detection control device and method for non-non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing wire material temperature.
为实现上述本发明目的，采取的技术方案为：In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the present invention, the technical solutions adopted are:
一种非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造丝材温度检测控制装置，包括：温度采集控制装置、热丝电源和焊接电源。其中，温度采集控制装置包括固定在非熔化极焊枪上的红外温度 传感器，以及和显示器相连的热丝温度采集仪和热丝温度控制仪。所述的热丝温度采集仪能将红外温度传感器采集的温度信号进行转换并显示在显示器上，记为T 1，其与预设温度T 0的差值为ΔT′，当ΔT′高于或低于预设温度变化ΔT时，热丝温度控制仪调节热丝电源的热丝电流，使热丝温度稳定在预设温度。 The invention relates to a wire material temperature detection and control device for non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing. The temperature acquisition control device includes an infrared temperature sensor fixed on a non-melting electrode welding gun, and a hot wire temperature acquisition instrument and a hot wire temperature control instrument connected to the display. The hot wire temperature acquisition instrument can convert the temperature signal collected by the infrared temperature sensor and display it on the display, and record it as T 1. The difference between the temperature signal and the preset temperature T 0 is ΔT ′. When ΔT ′ is higher than or When the change is lower than the preset temperature ΔT, the hot wire temperature controller adjusts the hot wire current of the hot wire power supply to stabilize the hot wire temperature at the preset temperature.
基于上述非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造丝材温度检测控制装置，提供一种非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造丝材温度检测方法，具体步骤控制为：Based on the above non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing wire temperature detection control device, a method for detecting non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing wire temperature is provided. The specific steps are controlled as follows:
1)堆敷试验开始前，设置丝材预设温度T 0和温度变化范围ΔT，调节夹具I使红外温度传感器发射的激光束避开非熔化极电弧，将采集点定位于丝材上； 1) Before the start of the stacking test, set the preset temperature T 0 of the wire and the temperature change range ΔT, and adjust the fixture I so that the laser beam emitted by the infrared temperature sensor avoids the arc of the non-melting electrode and locate the collection point on the wire;
2)焊枪到达指定位置并引弧，焊接电源发送信号给送丝机，送丝机开始送丝，同时热丝电源开始供电，丝材开始加热；2) The welding torch reaches the designated position and triggers the arc. The welding power source sends a signal to the wire feeder, and the wire feeder starts to feed the wire. At the same time, the hot wire power source starts to supply power and the wire starts to heat;
3)红外温度传感器获取丝材采集点的温度信号，经过温度采集仪，然后传递到显示器，显示采集的温度数值T 1和温度的变化曲线； 3) The infrared temperature sensor obtains the temperature signal of the wire collection point, passes the temperature collector, and then transmits it to the display, displaying the collected temperature value T 1 and the temperature change curve;
4)当丝材的采集温度T 1与预设温度T 0的差值高于或低于预设变化范围ΔT时，热丝温度控制仪发送信号给热丝电源，及时调整加热电流，使丝材温度稳定在预设温度； 4) When the difference between the collection temperature T 1 and the preset temperature T 0 of the wire is higher or lower than the preset change range ΔT, the hot wire temperature controller sends a signal to the hot wire power supply to adjust the heating current in time to make the wire Material temperature stabilized at preset temperature;
5)堆敷结束时，焊接电源发送信号给送丝机，送丝机停止送丝，然后热丝电源停止供电，显示单次堆敷的完整温度变化曲线；5) At the end of the stacking, the welding power supply sends a signal to the wire feeder, the wire feeder stops wire feeding, and then the hot wire power supply stops power supply, and displays the complete temperature change curve of a single stacking;
6)重复步骤1)-5)，直至完成所有堆覆。6) Repeat steps 1) -5) until all stacks are completed.
优选的，所述的采集温度T 1与预设温度T 0的差值ΔT为5-50℃。 Preferably, the difference ΔT between the collection temperature T 1 and the preset temperature T 0 is 5-50 ° C.
优选的，所述的红外温度传感器发射的红外线避开非熔化极电弧，测温点位于导电嘴至焊接熔池之间的丝材上，测温点距离导电嘴端口距离为4-20mm。Preferably, the infrared emitted by the infrared temperature sensor avoids non-melting arc, the temperature measurement point is located on the wire between the conductive tip and the welding molten pool, and the distance between the temperature measuring point and the port of the conductive tip is 4-20mm.
优选的，所述的温度监测装置的丝材温度控制范围为100-1000℃。Preferably, the temperature control range of the wire of the temperature monitoring device is 100-1000 ° C.
相对于现有技术，本发明具有显著优点：1、本发明的检测控制装置，能够通过非接触红外测温法对热丝增材制造过程中丝材的温度进行检测，装置结构简单，温度检测范围较大，适用于检测多种丝材的温度。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has significant advantages: 1. The detection and control device of the present invention can detect the temperature of the wire material in the process of hot wire additive manufacturing by a non-contact infrared temperature measurement method, and the device structure is simple and the temperature detection Wide range, suitable for detecting the temperature of various wire materials.
2、装置精度高于热电偶检测方法，丝材温度误差更小，在一定程度上提高了非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造的稳定性；当采集的温度与预设温度发生偏差时，装置能够及时对加热电流进行调节，从而有效地将丝材温度控制在预设温度，保证增材制造过程的稳定性。2. The accuracy of the device is higher than that of the thermocouple detection method, the temperature error of the wire is smaller, and the stability of the additive manufacturing of non-melting electrode arc hot wire is improved to a certain extent; when the collected temperature deviates from the preset temperature, the device The heating current can be adjusted in time to effectively control the wire temperature at a preset temperature and ensure the stability of the additive manufacturing process.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明的等离子弧热丝增材制造丝材温度检测装置示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wire temperature detecting device for plasma arc hot wire additive manufacturing of the present invention.
图2为本发明的温度检测示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of temperature detection according to the present invention.
图3为本发明制备构件的堆敷路径示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a stacking path of a component prepared according to the present invention.
图4为本发明制备的ER5356铝合金丝材TIG电弧热丝单道多层构件实物图。FIG. 4 is a physical diagram of a single-pass multilayer member of the TIG arc hot wire of the ER5356 aluminum alloy wire prepared by the present invention.
图5为实施例1堆敷过程丝材温度采集数据图I。FIG. 5 is a graph I of collected data on the temperature of the wire material during the stacking process in Example 1. FIG.
图6为本发明制备的H08Mn2Si不锈钢丝材等离子电弧热丝单道多层构件实物图。FIG. 6 is a physical diagram of a single-layer multilayer member of a plasma arc hot wire of H08Mn2Si stainless steel wire prepared by the present invention.
图7为实施例2堆敷过程丝材温度采集数据图II。FIG. 7 is a diagram II of collected data of the wire temperature during the stacking process in Example 2. FIG.
其中，1为六轴变位机，2为工件，3为红外温度传感器，4为夹具I，5为等离子焊枪，6热丝温度采集仪，7为夹具II，8为导电嘴，9为焊接电源，10为显示器，11为热丝温度控制仪，12为送丝机，13为热丝电源。Among them, 1 is a six-axis positioner, 2 is a workpiece, 3 is an infrared temperature sensor, 4 is a fixture I, 5 is a plasma welding gun, 6 is a hot wire temperature collector, 7 is a fixture II, 8 is a conductive tip, and 9 is welding Power supply, 10 is the display, 11 is the hot wire temperature controller, 12 is the wire feeder, and 13 is the hot wire power supply.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例和附图来对本发明所涉及的装置和方法进行详细阐述。The device and method involved in the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and drawings.
一种非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造丝材温度检测控制装置，具体包括：温度采集装置、热丝装置、变位机和控制柜。其中，温度采集装置包括：通过夹具I4固定在非熔化极焊枪5上的红外温度传感器3，与显示器10连接在一起的热丝温度采集仪6和热丝温度控制仪11。温度采集装置采用非接触红外测温法测量丝材温度，红外温度传感器3发射的红外线避开非熔化极电弧，温度采集点位于导电嘴至焊接熔池之间的丝材上，能够根据预设温度T 0和采集温度T 1的差值ΔT′与预设差值ΔT的大小及时调整热丝电源的加热电流，将丝材温度稳定在预设温度。采集温度T 1与预设温度T 0的差值ΔT为5-50℃，测温点距离导电嘴8端口距离为4-20mm，温度测量范围为100-1000℃。 The invention relates to a wire material temperature detection and control device for non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing, which specifically includes: a temperature acquisition device, a hot wire device, a positioner and a control cabinet. The temperature acquisition device includes an infrared temperature sensor 3 fixed on the non-melting electrode welding torch 5 through a clamp I4, a hot wire temperature acquisition device 6 and a hot wire temperature control device 11 connected to the display 10. The temperature acquisition device uses a non-contact infrared temperature measurement method to measure the temperature of the wire. The infrared emitted by the infrared temperature sensor 3 avoids the arc of the non-melting electrode. The temperature collection point is located on the wire between the conductive tip and the welding pool. The size of the difference ΔT ′ between T 0 and the collection temperature T 1 and the preset difference ΔT adjusts the heating current of the hot wire power supply in time to stabilize the wire temperature at the preset temperature. The difference ΔT between the collection temperature T 1 and the preset temperature T 0 is 5-50 ° C., the distance between the temperature measurement point and the 8 port of the conductive tip is 4-20 mm, and the temperature measurement range is 100-1000 ° C.
具体采用的设备型号如下：MOTOMAN MH6弧焊机器人、DX100控制柜、等离子焊枪或氩弧焊枪、福尼斯Fronius Magic Wave 3000型焊机和CTVM-3L型红外温度传感器。The specific equipment models are as follows: MOTOMAN MH6 arc welding robot, DX100 control cabinet, plasma torch or argon arc welding torch, Fronius Magic Wave 3000 welding machine and CTVM-3L infrared temperature sensor.
实施例1Example 1
本发明提供一种用于非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造的丝材温度检测控制方法，，能够进行直径为1.0mm的ER5356铝合金丝材的TIG电弧热丝单道多层构件增材制造过程的丝材温度检测，构件的堆敷路径示意图见附图3，具体步骤为：The invention provides a method for detecting and controlling the temperature of a wire material for the additive manufacturing of non-melting electrode arc hot wire. During the process of wire temperature detection, the schematic diagram of the stacking path of the components is shown in Figure 3, and the specific steps are:
1堆敷试验开始前，设置丝材预设温度T 0为240℃，温度变化范围ΔT为10℃，调节夹具I4使红外温度传感器3发射的激光束避开非熔化极电弧，将采集点定位于丝材 上； 1 Before the start of the stacking test, set the wire preset temperature T 0 to 240 ° C and the temperature change range ΔT to 10 ° C. Adjust the fixture I4 so that the laser beam emitted by the infrared temperature sensor 3 avoids the arc of the non-melting electrode and locate the collection point. On the wire
2焊枪到达指定位置并引弧，焊接电源13发送信号给送丝机12，送丝机12开始送丝，同时热丝电源13开始供电，丝材开始加热；2 The welding torch reaches the designated position and initiates the arc. The welding power source 13 sends a signal to the wire feeder 12, the wire feeder 12 starts to feed the wire, and at the same time, the hot wire power source 13 starts to supply power, and the wire starts to heat;
3红外温度传感器3获取丝材采集点的温度信号，经过温度采集仪6，然后传递到显示器10，显示采集的温度数值T 1和温度的变化曲线； 3 The infrared temperature sensor 3 acquires the temperature signal of the wire collection point, passes through the temperature acquisition device 6, and then transmits it to the display 10 to display the collected temperature value T 1 and the temperature change curve;
4当丝材的采集温度T 1与预设温度T 0的差值高于或低于预设变化范围ΔT时，热丝温度控制仪11发送信号给热丝电源13，及时调整加热电流，使丝材温度稳定在预设温度； 4 When the difference between the collection temperature T 1 and the preset temperature T 0 of the wire is higher or lower than the preset change range ΔT, the hot wire temperature controller 11 sends a signal to the hot wire power supply 13 to adjust the heating current in time so that Wire temperature stabilized at preset temperature;
5堆敷结束时，焊接电源9发送信号给送丝机12，送丝机12停止送丝，然后热丝电源13停止供电，显示单次堆敷的完整温度变化曲线；5 At the end of the stacking, the welding power source 9 sends a signal to the wire feeder 12, the wire feeder 12 stops the wire feeding, and then the hot wire power source 13 stops the power supply, and displays the complete temperature change curve of a single stacking;
6重复步骤1-5，直至完成所有堆覆。6 Repeat steps 1-5 until all stacks are completed.
作为优选方式，红外温度传感器3发射的红外线避开TIG电弧，测温点定位于丝材上，测温点距离导电嘴8端口距离为12mm，预设温度T 0为240℃，温度变化范围ΔT为10℃。具体工艺参数为加热电流25A，堆敷电流100A，堆敷速度40cm/min，送丝速度4.0m/min，喷嘴到工件的距离5mm，保护气流量18L·min -1。 As a preferred method, the infrared radiation emitted by the infrared temperature sensor 3 avoids the TIG arc, and the temperature measurement point is positioned on the wire. The temperature measurement point is 12 mm from the 8-port of the conductive nozzle, the preset temperature T 0 is 240 ° C, and the temperature change range ΔT 10 ° C. The specific process parameters are 25A heating current, 100A stacking current, 40cm / min stacking speed, 4.0m / min wire feeding speed, 5mm distance from the nozzle to the workpiece, and 18L · min -1 of shielding gas flow.
附图4给出了本次ER5356铝合金丝材的TIG电弧热丝单道多层构件增材制造构件的外观图，附图5给出了本次试验的丝材温度采集数据。由附图4可知，增材构件成形良好，没有出现断续、气孔等缺陷；从附图5给出的温度曲线可以得知，试验过程中，采集到的丝材温度T 1稳定在预设温度T 0即240℃，温度变化范围ΔT小于10℃。 Figure 4 shows the external appearance of the TIG arc hot wire single-layer multilayer component additive manufacturing component of the ER5356 aluminum alloy wire this time, and Figure 5 shows the wire temperature collection data of this test. It can be seen from FIG. 4 that the additive component is well formed, and there are no defects such as discontinuities and pores. From the temperature curve shown in FIG. 5, it can be known that during the test, the collected wire temperature T 1 is stable at a preset value. The temperature T 0 is 240 ° C, and the temperature change range ΔT is less than 10 ° C.
实施例2Example 2
本发明提供一种用于非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造的丝材温度检测控制方法，能够进行直径为1.2mm的H08Mn2Si不锈钢丝材的等离子电弧热丝单道多层构件增材制造过程的的丝材温度检测，构件的堆敷路径示意图见附图3，具体步骤为：The invention provides a wire temperature detection and control method for non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing, which can perform the single-layer multilayer component additive manufacturing process of a plasma arc hot wire of a H08Mn2Si stainless steel wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm. For the wire temperature detection, the schematic diagram of the stacking path of the components is shown in Figure 3, and the specific steps are:
1堆敷试验开始前，设置丝材预设温度T 0为400℃，温度变化范围ΔT为15℃，调节夹具I4使红外温度传感器3发射的激光束避开非熔化极电弧，将采集点定位于丝材上； 1 Before the start of the stacking test, set the preset temperature T 0 of the wire to 400 ° C and the temperature change range ΔT to 15 ° C. Adjust the fixture I4 so that the laser beam emitted by the infrared temperature sensor 3 avoids the arc of the non-melting electrode and locate the collection point. On the wire
2焊枪到达指定位置并引弧，焊接电源13发送信号给送丝机12，送丝机12开始送丝，同时热丝电源13开始供电，丝材开始加热；2 The welding torch reaches the designated position and initiates the arc. The welding power source 13 sends a signal to the wire feeder 12, the wire feeder 12 starts to feed the wire, and at the same time, the hot wire power source 13 starts to supply power, and the wire starts to heat;
3红外温度传感器3获取丝材采集点的温度信号，经过温度采集仪6，然后传递到 显示器10，显示采集的温度数值T 1和温度的变化曲线； 3 The infrared temperature sensor 3 acquires the temperature signal of the wire collection point, passes through the temperature acquisition device 6, and then transmits it to the display 10 to display the collected temperature value T 1 and the temperature change curve;
4当丝材的采集温度T 1与预设温度T 0的差值高于或低于预设变化范围ΔT时，热丝温度控制仪11发送信号给热丝电源13，及时调整加热电流，使丝材温度稳定在预设温度； 4 When the difference between the collection temperature T 1 and the preset temperature T 0 of the wire is higher or lower than the preset change range ΔT, the hot wire temperature controller 11 sends a signal to the hot wire power supply 13 to adjust the heating current in time so that Wire temperature stabilized at preset temperature;
5堆敷结束时，焊接电源9发送信号给送丝机12，送丝机12停止送丝，然后热丝电源13停止供电，显示单次堆敷的完整温度变化曲线；5 At the end of the stacking, the welding power source 9 sends a signal to the wire feeder 12, the wire feeder 12 stops the wire feeding, and then the hot wire power source 13 stops the power supply, and displays the complete temperature change curve of a single stacking;
6重复步骤1-5，直至完成所有堆覆。6 Repeat steps 1-5 until all stacks are completed.
作为优选方式，红外温度传感器3发射的红外线避开等离子电弧，测温点定位于丝材上，测温定位点距离导电嘴8端口距离为8mm，预设温度T 0为400℃，温度变化范围ΔT为15℃。具体工艺参数为加热电流65A，堆敷电流150A，堆敷速度20cm/min，送丝速度3.2m/min，喷嘴到工件的距离10mm，离子气流量1.0L·min -1，保护气流量18L·min -1。 As a preferred method, the infrared radiation emitted by the infrared temperature sensor 3 avoids the plasma arc, and the temperature measurement point is positioned on the wire. The temperature measurement point is 8 mm from the 8 port of the conductive nozzle, and the preset temperature T 0 is 400 ° C. The temperature variation range ΔT was 15 ° C. The specific process parameters are heating current 65A, stacking current 150A, stacking speed 20cm / min, wire feeding speed 3.2m / min, distance from nozzle to workpiece 10mm, ion gas flow rate 1.0L · min -1 and protective gas flow rate 18L · min -1 .
附图6给出了本次H08Mn2Si不锈钢丝材的等离子电弧热丝单道多层构件增材制造构件的外观图，附图7给出了本次试验的丝材温度采集数据。由附图6可知，增材构件成形良好，没有出现断续、气孔等缺陷；从附图7给出的温度曲线可以得知，试验过程中，采集到的丝材温度T 1稳定在预设温度T 0即400℃，温度变化范围ΔT小于15℃。 Figure 6 shows the external appearance of the single-layer multilayer component additive manufacturing of the plasma arc hot wire of this H08Mn2Si stainless steel wire, and Figure 7 shows the collected wire temperature data for this test. It can be seen from FIG. 6 that the additive component is well formed, and there are no defects such as discontinuities and pores. From the temperature curve given in FIG. 7, it can be known that during the test, the collected wire temperature T 1 is stable at a preset value. The temperature T 0 is 400 ° C, and the temperature change range ΔT is less than 15 ° C.

Claims (7)

  1. 一种非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造丝材温度检测控制装置，其特征在于，装置具体包括：温度采集控制装置、热丝电源(13)和焊接电源(9)；A non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing wire temperature detection and control device, characterized in that the device specifically includes: a temperature acquisition control device, a hot wire power source (13), and a welding power source (9);
    所述的温度采集控制装置，具体包括：红外温度传感器(3)通过夹具I(4)固定在非熔化极焊枪(5)上，并将红外温度传感器(3)通过热丝温度采集仪(6)与显示器(10)连接，热丝温度控制仪(11)与显示器(10)均和热丝电源(13)相连；The temperature acquisition control device specifically includes: an infrared temperature sensor (3) is fixed on a non-melting electrode welding torch (5) through a clamp I (4), and the infrared temperature sensor (3) is passed through a hot wire temperature acquisition device (6) ) Is connected to the display (10), and the hot wire temperature controller (11) and the display (10) are both connected to the hot wire power supply (13);
    热丝温度采集仪(6)将红外温度传感器(3)采集的温度信号进行转换并显示在显示器(10)上，记为T 1，其与预设温度T 0的差值为ΔT′，当ΔT′高于或低于预设温度变化ΔT时，热丝温度控制仪(11)调节热丝电源(13)的热丝电流，使热丝温度稳定在预设温度。 The hot wire temperature acquisition instrument (6) converts the temperature signal collected by the infrared temperature sensor (3) and displays it on the display (10), records it as T 1 , and the difference between the temperature and the preset temperature T 0 is ΔT ′. When ΔT ′ is higher or lower than the preset temperature change ΔT, the hot wire temperature controller (11) adjusts the hot wire current of the hot wire power supply (13) to stabilize the hot wire temperature at the preset temperature.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造丝材温度检测控制装置，其特征在于，所述的温度采集控制装置采用非接触红外测温法测量丝材温度。The wire temperature detection and control device for non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the temperature acquisition control device measures the wire temperature using a non-contact infrared temperature measurement method.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造丝材温度检测控制装置，其特征在于，采集温度T 1与预设温度T 0的差值ΔT为5-50℃。 The wire temperature detecting and controlling device for non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the difference ΔT between the collection temperature T 1 and the preset temperature T 0 is 5-50 ° C.
  4. 一种非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造丝材温度检测控制方法，其特征在于，具体步骤为：A method for detecting and controlling the temperature of a non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing wire material is characterized in that the specific steps are:
    1)堆敷试验开始前，设置丝材预设温度T 0和温度变化范围ΔT，调节夹具I(4)使红外温度传感器(3)发射的激光束避开非熔化极电弧，将采集点定位于丝材上； 1) Before the start of the stacking test, set the preset temperature T 0 of the wire and the temperature change range ΔT. Adjust the fixture I (4) so that the laser beam emitted by the infrared temperature sensor (3) avoids the arc of the non-melting electrode and locate the collection point. On the wire
    2)焊枪到达指定位置并引弧，焊接电源(13)发送信号给送丝机(12)，送丝机(12)开始送丝，同时热丝电源(13)开始供电，丝材开始加热；2) The welding torch reaches the designated position and triggers the arc. The welding power source (13) sends a signal to the wire feeder (12), the wire feeder (12) starts wire feeding, and at the same time, the hot wire power source (13) starts to supply power, and the wire starts to heat;
    3)红外温度传感器(3)获取丝材采集点的温度信号，经过温度采集仪(6)，然后传递到显示器(10)，显示采集的温度数值T 1和温度的变化曲线； 3) The infrared temperature sensor (3) obtains the temperature signal of the wire collection point, passes the temperature acquisition device (6), and then transmits it to the display (10) to display the collected temperature value T 1 and the temperature change curve;
    4)当丝材的采集温度T 1与预设温度T 0的差值高于或低于预设变化范围ΔT时，热丝温度控制仪(11)发送信号给热丝电源(13)，及时调整加热电流，使丝材温度稳定在预设温度； 4) When the difference between the collection temperature T 1 and the preset temperature T 0 of the wire is higher or lower than the preset change range ΔT, the hot wire temperature controller (11) sends a signal to the hot wire power supply (13), in time. Adjust the heating current to stabilize the wire temperature at the preset temperature;
    5)堆敷结束时，焊接电源(9)发送信号给送丝机(12)，送丝机(12)停止送丝，然后热丝电源(13)停止供电，显示单次堆敷的完整温度变化曲线；5) At the end of the stacking, the welding power source (9) sends a signal to the wire feeder (12), the wire feeder (12) stops the wire feeding, and then the hot wire power source (13) stops the power supply, showing the complete temperature of a single stacking Curve;
    6)重复步骤1)-5)，直至完成所有堆覆。6) Repeat steps 1) -5) until all stacks are completed.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造丝材温度检测控制方法，其特征在于，所述的红外温度传感器(3)发射的红外线避开非熔化极电弧，测温点位于导 电嘴至焊接熔池之间的丝材上。The method for detecting and controlling the temperature of a non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing wire material according to claim 4, characterized in that the infrared emitted by the infrared temperature sensor (3) avoids the non-melting electrode arc, and the temperature measurement point is located at The wire between the contact tip and the welding pool.
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造丝材温度检测控制方法，其特征在于，测温点距离导电嘴(8)端口距离为4-20mm。The method for detecting and controlling the wire temperature of the non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing wire according to claim 4, wherein the distance between the temperature measurement point and the port of the conductive nozzle (8) is 4-20 mm.
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的非熔化极电弧热丝增材制造丝材温度检测控制方法，其特征在于，丝材温度控制范围为100-1000℃。The method for detecting and controlling the temperature of a wire of a non-melting electrode arc hot wire additive manufacturing according to claim 4, wherein the temperature control range of the wire is 100-1000 ° C.
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