CN111515499A - Stainless steel electric arc additive manufacturing device and process thereof - Google Patents
Stainless steel electric arc additive manufacturing device and process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111515499A CN111515499A CN202010001044.1A CN202010001044A CN111515499A CN 111515499 A CN111515499 A CN 111515499A CN 202010001044 A CN202010001044 A CN 202010001044A CN 111515499 A CN111515499 A CN 111515499A
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- stainless steel
- wire
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- electric arc
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
- B23K9/133—Means for feeding electrodes, e.g. drums, rolls, motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/24—Features related to electrodes
- B23K9/28—Supporting devices for electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a stainless steel electric arc additive manufacturing device which comprises a closed operation room, a welding gun, a wire feeding mechanism, a wire feeding pipe, a base plate, a base, a hot wire machine, a numerical control machine and a welding machine. The invention is characterized in that the heat input of the welding gun is reduced, so that the melting channel is narrow, and the invention can be used for manufacturing fine parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of stainless steel electric arc additive manufacturing, in particular to a stainless steel electric arc additive manufacturing device and a process thereof.
Background
304L stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel with extremely low carbon content, is also called ultra-low carbon stainless steel, is an important structural material in nuclear power equipment, and is also widely applied to chemical industry, furniture decoration and medical treatment industry. The 304L stainless steel has good corrosion resistance and formability, excellent plasticity and toughness, good performance under high temperature condition and excellent processing performance. The traditional manufacturing method of the 304L stainless steel component is turning, milling and other 'material reduction manufacturing', which not only wastes a lot of raw materials, but also can not process some complex parts due to the limitation of processing modes.
The advent of additive manufacturing provides a new approach to manufacturing 304L build. As a rapid prototyping technology, additive manufacturing is a promising manufacturing mode, and is different from the traditional material removal processing technology in that additive manufacturing is a layer-by-layer accumulation and bottom-up manufacturing method, and the method not only can effectively save the processing time cost and reduce the post-processing time, but also can reduce the material waste and improve the material utilization rate. Meanwhile, the additive manufacturing technology can get rid of the limitation of a die, and has more advantages in the processing of complex parts and the manufacturing of large-scale industrial structural parts.
However, the heat output of the traditional electric arc additive manufacturing is large in the manufacturing process, the large austenite grains of the stainless steel can be caused by the high heat input and the low cooling speed, the overall mechanical property of the stainless steel part is seriously reduced by the large austenite grains, and the application and popularization of the electric arc stainless steel additive manufacturing are limited.
In addition, cooling channel design is very important in injection molding because it greatly affects injection cycle time and quality of molded articles. For injection molding, the molding cycle mainly comprises the stages of injection, pressure maintaining, cooling, mold opening and closing, ejection and the like, wherein the cooling time approximately occupies 3/4 molding cycle. To increase production economics, it is desirable to reduce cooling time. In addition, in order to reduce the warping deformation of the product and ensure the precision and surface quality of the product, the uniformity of the temperature distribution of the surface of the die cavity is also very important. Therefore, the research of cooling water channels appears to be particularly critical.
In the conventional mold manufacturing industry, the cooling channels are usually deep drilled, so that only straight cooling channels can be manufactured. The greatest disadvantage is that it cannot always be kept at a distance from the surface of the mold cavity, which leads to a plastic part
The uneven upper cooling even generates local heat accumulation.
Therefore, a new stainless steel arc additive manufacturing process is urgently needed by those skilled in the art to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a stainless steel electric arc additive manufacturing device and a process thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems in the prior art, reducing heat input and increasing cooling speed so as to avoid coarseness of stainless steel austenite grains.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention discloses a stainless steel electric arc additive manufacturing device, which comprises a closed operating room, a welding gun, a wire feeding mechanism, a wire feeding pipe, a base plate, a base, a hot wire machine, a numerical control machine tool and a welding machine, the base plate, the wire feeding pipe and the welding gun are positioned in the closed operation room, the wire feeding pipe and the welding gun are fixed by a clamping device of the numerical control machine, the wire material conveyed by the wire feeding mechanism passes through the wire feeding pipe, the wire material penetrates through the first end of the wire feeding pipe, the wire material penetrates out of the second end of the wire feeding pipe, the second end of the wire feeding pipe is positioned below the welding gun, the anode of the welding machine is electrically connected with the welding gun, the negative pole of the welding machine is electrically connected with the base, the positive pole of the hot wire machine is electrically connected with the second end of the wire feeding pipe, the negative electrode of the hot wire machine is electrically connected with the substrate, and the lower surface of the substrate is fixed on the upper surface of the base.
The invention also discloses a stainless steel electric arc additive manufacturing process, which comprises the following steps:
s1: constructing a three-dimensional solid model according to the shape of the part;
s2: slicing the three-dimensional solid model, and importing the three-dimensional solid model into a numerical control system;
s3: the numerical control system generates a processing program file according to the model;
s4: fixing the wire material and the substrate;
s5: setting parameters in the manufacturing process;
s6: starting an electric arc additive manufacturing system to realize the processing of the required model, monitoring the processing process in real time and adjusting in time when problems occur;
s7: after the machining is finished, comparing the actual part with the model, and verifying whether the requirement is met through the macro microstructure and the mechanical property;
preferably, a conformal cooling water channel is machined in the mold.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention adopts the technology of melting the welding wire with the aid of the hot wire, softens the welding wire before the action of the electric arc, and enables the welding wire to be in a semi-molten state, so that the heat input of the electric arc can be reduced, and the heat released when the electric arc melts the welding wire can be reduced, thereby achieving the purposes of refining structure grains and improving mechanical property. Meanwhile, as the absorbed heat of the molten channel per unit distance is reduced, the fluidity of the molten metal is reduced in a molten state, so that the molten channel becomes finer, the requirement for preparing the inner flow channel is met in precision, the solidification speed of the molten channel is accelerated due to low heat input, and the problem of collapse in the manufacturing process of the hollow hole is greatly solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a stainless steel arc additive manufacturing apparatus according to this embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a conformal cooling water channel according to the present embodiment;
in the figure: 1-a welding gun; 2-a wire feeding pipe; 3-a substrate; 4-a wire feeder; 5-a hot wire machine; 6-welding machine.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a stainless steel electric arc additive manufacturing device and a process thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems in the prior art, reducing heat input and increasing cooling speed so as to avoid coarseness of stainless steel austenite grains.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a stainless steel electric arc additive manufacturing apparatus, which includes a closed operating room, a welding gun 1, a wire feeding mechanism 4, a wire feeding pipe 2, a substrate 3, a base, a hot wire machine 5, a numerical control machine, and a welding machine 6. The substrate 3, the wire feeding pipe 2 and the welding gun 1 are positioned in a closed operation room, and protective gas is introduced into the closed operation room to prevent the melted wire from contacting with oxygen to generate oxidation reaction. The wire feeding pipe 2 and the welding gun 1 are fixed by a clamping device of a numerical control machine tool, the specific clamping mechanism is a fastening screw type clamping mechanism, a metal ring is sleeved on the welding gun, a threaded hole is formed in the ring, positioning and clamping are carried out through a screw, and finally the whole device is fixed on a machine tool spindle through screw connection. The silk material that wire feeding mechanism 4 carried out passes wire feeding pipe 2, and the silk material penetrates by wire feeding pipe 2's first end, and the silk material is worn out by wire feeding pipe 2's second end, and wire feeding pipe 2's second end is located welder 1's below, can ensure like this at the in-process that wire feeding pipe 2 and welder 1 removed, welder 1 can both melt the silk material all the time. The positive pole of the welding machine 6 is electrically connected with the welding gun 1, and the negative pole of the welding machine 6 is electrically connected with the base. The positive pole of hot wire machine 5 is connected with the second end electricity of wire feeding pipe 2, and the negative pole of hot wire machine 5 is connected with base plate 3 electricity, and the purpose that sets up like this is the silk material short circuit that makes wire feeding pipe 2 second end wear out, sets up like this and makes the silk material both ends of wire feeding pipe 2 second end directly be connected with the positive negative pole lug connection of hot wire machine 5 to melt because the short circuit, can reduce welder 1's heat input like this, thereby avoid thick of stainless steel austenite grain. The lower surface of the substrate 3 is fixed to the upper surface of the base.
During the use, start wire feeder 4 and export required silk material, start welding machine 6 and hot wire machine 5, realize melting of silk material through the short circuit of welder 1 and silk material, the numerical control machine moves according to the numerical value of input in-process that melts, piles up layer upon layer, finally forms the finished product.
The embodiment also provides a stainless steel electric arc additive manufacturing process, which comprises the following steps:
s1: constructing a three-dimensional solid model according to the shape of the part;
s2: slicing the three-dimensional solid model, and importing the three-dimensional solid model into a numerical control system;
s3: the numerical control system generates a processing program file according to the model;
s4: fixing the wire material and the substrate 3;
s5: setting parameters in the manufacturing process, such as heat source parameters, wire feeding speed, scanning speed and the like;
s6: starting an electric arc additive manufacturing system to realize the processing of the required model, monitoring the processing process in real time and adjusting in time when problems occur;
s7: after the machining is finished, comparing the actual part with the model, and verifying whether the requirement is met through the macro microstructure and the mechanical property;
in contrast to the deep drilled holes in the prior art, in this embodiment a conformal cooling water channel is machined into the mold. The distance between the edge of the outer wall of the conformal cooling water channel and the outer surface of the mold is always equal, so that the plastic part can be cooled more uniformly, and the common defects of plastic part warping and the like are effectively avoided. The conformal inner flow passage is manufactured by an electric arc wire feeding additive manufacturing method, molten drops are stacked layer by layer, and the formation of the hole is realized by a layer-by-layer solidification principle, so that the preparation of the conformal inner flow passage is realized.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A stainless steel electric arc vibration material disk device which characterized in that: including airtight operation room, welder, wire feeding mechanism, send silk pipe, base plate, base, hot-wire machine, digit control machine tool and welding machine, the base plate send the silk pipe with welder is located in airtight operation room, send the silk pipe with welder by the clamping device of digit control machine tool is fixed, the silk material that wire feeding mechanism carried out passes send the silk pipe, the silk material by send the first end of silk pipe to penetrate, the silk material by send the second end of silk pipe to wear out, send the second end of silk pipe to be located welder's below, the positive pole of welding machine with welder electricity is connected, the negative pole of welding machine with base electricity is connected, the positive pole of hot-wire machine with send the second end of silk pipe to be connected, the negative pole of hot-wire machine with base plate electricity is connected, the lower surface of base plate is fixed in the upper surface of base.
2. The stainless steel electric arc additive manufacturing process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: constructing a three-dimensional solid model according to the shape of the part;
s2: slicing the three-dimensional solid model, and importing the three-dimensional solid model into a numerical control system;
s3: the numerical control system generates a processing program file according to the model;
s4: fixing the wire material and the substrate;
s5: setting parameters in the manufacturing process;
s6: starting an electric arc additive manufacturing system to realize the processing of the required model, monitoring the processing process in real time and adjusting in time when problems occur;
s7: after the machining is finished, the actual part is compared with the model, and whether the requirements are met or not is verified through the macro microstructure and the mechanical property.
3. The stainless steel arc additive manufacturing process of claim 2, wherein: a conformal cooling water channel is processed in the mould.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010001044.1A CN111515499A (en) | 2020-01-02 | 2020-01-02 | Stainless steel electric arc additive manufacturing device and process thereof |
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| CN202010001044.1A CN111515499A (en) | 2020-01-02 | 2020-01-02 | Stainless steel electric arc additive manufacturing device and process thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114700585A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-07-05 | 北京理工大学 | Steel bar and method for preparing steel bar based on hot wire auxiliary arc additive manufacturing method |
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| CN114700585A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-07-05 | 北京理工大学 | Steel bar and method for preparing steel bar based on hot wire auxiliary arc additive manufacturing method |
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Application publication date: 20200811 |
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